JP4804335B2 - Pest control method and apparatus, and LED lamp for the apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for controlling damage caused by pests such as horticultural crops by nighttime yellow light irradiation, and an LED lamp for the apparatus.

  There are various forms of pest damage in horticultural crops such as vegetables, fruit trees, flowers, etc. One of them is that the larvae that hatched in the horticultural crops gathered in the horticultural crops at night and spawned and sucked, and eventually hatched There is a form of harm that eats and leaves leaves, flowers and fruits. A representative example of this harmful form of pests is the Yagidae family, and examples thereof include tobacco moths and mushrooms. In particular, large-scale tobacco tobacco has increased in Japan in recent years, and it has caused damage to many crops such as various vegetables such as lettuce and tomato, various fruit trees such as strawberries and melons, various flowers such as chrysanthemums and carnations. Is enormous.

  As a measure against the above-mentioned harmful forms of insects, a method and apparatus for irradiating a horticultural crop with yellow light of a specific wavelength at night to cause a repellent reaction of the insects (adults) and preventing the invasion of insects, egg laying, sucking behavior, etc. It has been known. Yellow light has the effect of brightly reacting the compound eyes of the above-mentioned pests (especially yaga) that react darkly at night, and the pests avoid this action.

  For example, Patent Document 1 describes a control lamp using a fluorescent lamp that emits yellow light having a peak wavelength of 570 nm to 620 nm. Such straight tube fluorescent lamps for control are already commercially available.

  Next, Patent Document 2 discloses a semiconductor containing at least two metals selected from Ga, As, Al, In, P, and N, such as GaP, GaAsP, GaPN, GaAlAs, and AlInGaP. An illumination device using an LED (first light-emitting diode) that is a semiconductor element and emits light having a peak wavelength of 580 nm to 700 nm is described. It is considered that the light emitting element itself emits light having the same peak wavelength.

  As an example of the illuminating device, the document discloses an illuminating device in which a substrate in which the LED is mounted together with another LED is housed in a tube formed in the same shape as a straight tube fluorescent lamp, and An illumination device is described in which a similar substrate is housed inside a cover body formed in a substantially bulb shape.

  Next, Patent Document 3 also describes an insect-proof lamp using a yellow LED. Regarding this yellow LED, there is a description that "the yellow LED encloses a light emitting diode in a transparent body and pulls out two terminal wires to the outside", so that the light emitting element itself emits yellow light. Conceivable.

As an example of the insect-proof lamp, the same document describes a column-shaped insect-proof lamp in which a square tube body in which a large number of yellow LEDs are attached is housed in a transparent pipe, and a square plate-shaped substrate. A plate-shaped insect-proof lamp in which yellow LEDs are attached vertically and horizontally and a string-like insect-proof lamp in which a number of yellow LEDs are attached in series to an electric wire are described. It also describes using a solar cell power generator as a power source.
JP-A-1-187757 JP 2004-93 A JP 2003-284482 A

  As described above, a control lamp using a yellow fluorescent lamp as in Patent Document 1 is already commercially available and can be used to irradiate a field (land prepared for horticultural crops) with uniform illuminance. There was a problem that it was difficult. In other words, since the yellow fluorescent lamp has a large total luminous flux per one, a plurality of yellow fluorescent lamps are arranged in the field with a large mutual interval. For this reason, the illuminance is very high immediately below or in the vicinity of the yellow fluorescent lamp, and depending on the type of horticultural crop, its growth and flowering may be affected and inhibited. On the other hand, the illuminance becomes too low at a place far from the yellow fluorescent lamp (the central portion of the interval), and the pest control effect may be reduced.

  In addition, the yellow fluorescent lamp has a problem that light leaks around the field and easily causes light pollution, or the life is short and replacement is troublesome.

  Moreover, the insect-proof lamp using yellow LED like patent document 2 and patent document 3 is difficult to put into practical use, and it seems that it is hardly put into practical use. One of the reasons is that, as described above, an LED lamp using a semiconductor such as GaP-based, GaAsP-based, GaPN-based, GaAlAs-based, AlInGaP-based, etc., which emits yellow light, is used. LEDs have low luminous efficiency, and it is considered that the total luminous flux per piece is very small. In order to obtain an illuminance that can be avoided with such a low luminous flux yellow LED, it is necessary to attach a very large number of yellow LEDs in the shape of a straight tube fluorescent lamp, a bulb, a plate, or a string as described above. This is because much cost and labor are required, and power consumption of the entire apparatus increases.

  In addition, the idea of intensively attaching a large number of yellow LEDs to a straight tube fluorescent lamp shape, bulb shape, etc. to make an insect-proof lamp is intended to replace the yellow fluorescent lamp. The problem that it is difficult to irradiate with uniform illuminance is carried over without being solved. That is, Patent Document 2 describes that the LED can irradiate the surface of the irradiated body with an illuminance of 1 lx to 10 lx (lux), but it is directly below or near the insect-proof lamp. In other words, it is difficult for the insect repellent light to set 1 lx to 10 lx in the entire field.

  The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to radiate yellow light repelled by pests with high luminous efficiency, contribute to reduction of the number of used, power consumption and cost, hardly cause light pollution, and has a long life. Is to provide an LED lamp for a long pest control apparatus. In addition, the LED lamp can be used to illuminate the entire area of the irradiated surface in the field, which is necessary to control the pests uniformly, and to control the pests reliably, without affecting the growth and flowering of horticultural crops, It is another object of the present invention to provide a pest control apparatus and method that contribute to reduction of power consumption and cost, hardly cause light pollution, and have a long life.

(1) LED lamp for pest control apparatus In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the LED lamp for pest control apparatus of the present invention comprises a light emitting element that is made of a semiconductor and emits blue light or near ultraviolet light having a peak wavelength of 370 nm to 480 nm, An LED lamp for a pest control apparatus comprising a combination of a phosphor emitting blue light or near ultraviolet light emitted from the light emitting element and emitting a yellow light having a peak wavelength of 560 nm to 580 nm. It is combined with a light emitting element in a form mixed with a transparent resin used as a molding material of the light emitting element or a coating material of the molding material, and the concentration of the phosphor in the transparent resin is 40% to 60%. It is characterized by that.

  Here, a light emitting element that emits blue light or near ultraviolet light having a peak wavelength of 370 nm to 480 nm is used because the phosphor can be excited with high efficiency. When blue light or near ultraviolet light emitted from the light emitting element does not substantially leak outside the LED lamp (substantially all of the light is absorbed by the phosphor), any light of blue light or near ultraviolet light is used. It may emit light, but in the case where the same light substantially leaks (part of which is not absorbed by the phosphor), it is preferable to emit blue light. If near-ultraviolet light leaks, it may act to attract pests.

  The reason for using a phosphor that emits yellow light having a peak wavelength of 560 nm to 580 nm is that the same wavelength has a strong effect of brightly reacting the compound eye of the harmful form of the pest (particularly yaga), and the pest particularly avoids it.

(1-1) Light Emitting Element Although not particularly limited as a light emitting element that emits blue light or near ultraviolet light having a peak wavelength of 370 nm to 480 nm, a light emitting element made of a GaN (gallium nitride) based semiconductor or a zinc oxide based semiconductor is used. It can be illustrated. A light-emitting element made of a GaN-based semiconductor is preferable in terms of high luminous efficiency and long life.

Further, the light-emitting element includes a p-type cladding layer including a layer of Al _x Ga _1-x N (where 0 <x <1) and a layer of Al _y Ga _1-y N (where 0 ≦ y <1). It is preferable to have a double hetero structure provided with a light emitting layer including a layer containing indium, sandwiched between n-type cladding layers containing. This is because the luminous efficiency is high.

  The p-type cladding layer preferably has a band gap larger than that of the n-type cladding layer. The p-type cladding layer preferably has a superlattice structure in which nitride semiconductor films having different compositions are stacked. The n-type cladding layer also preferably has a superlattice structure in which nitride semiconductor films having different compositions are stacked.

The light emitting layer includes a well layer composed of Al _a In _b Ga _1-ab N (where 0 ≦ a <1, 0 <b <1) and Al _c In _d Ga _1-cd N (where 0 ≦ a <1, 0 <b <1). It is preferable that the barrier layer has a quantum well structure in which the band gap energy of the barrier layer is larger than the band gap energy of the well layer. The light emitting layer preferably has a quantum well structure including a well layer made of InGaN and a barrier layer made of GaN or AlGaN.

(1-2) Phosphor The phosphor that emits yellow light having a peak wavelength of 560 nm to 580 nm using the blue light or near-ultraviolet light as excitation light is not particularly limited, but is a rare earth silicate system in terms of high efficiency. A phosphor is preferred. Examples of rare earth silicate phosphors include LITEC's trade name FA565.

The phosphor is combined with the light emitting element in a form mixed with a transparent resin (for example, epoxy resin or silicone) used as a molding material of the light emitting element or a coating material of the molding material . This mode includes a mode in which only a part of the molding material, for example, the transparent resin in the lead frame cup is mixed. In this embodiment, the concentration of the phosphor in the transparent resin to be mixed is 40% to 60%, and more preferably 50 to 55%. When the phosphor concentration is less than 40%, only a part of blue light or near ultraviolet light emitted from the LED lamp is absorbed, yellow light becomes weak, and a large amount of blue light or near ultraviolet light is outside the LED lamp. It tends to leak. If the concentration of the phosphor exceeds 60%, the luminous efficiency is lowered, and the luminous intensity tends to vary.

  The LED lamp preferably has a luminous efficiency of 40 lm / W (lumen / watt) or more by the yellow light, and more preferably has a luminous efficiency of 50 lm / W or more. If the light emitting element and the phosphor exemplified above are used, the same light emission efficiency can be obtained.

(2) Pest control apparatus The pest control apparatus of the present invention uses the LED lamp described in the previous section (1), and uses the yellow light emitted from a plurality of LED lamps arranged toward a horticultural crop in the field . A plurality of the LED lamps are dispersedly arranged in the field so that the illuminance in the entire area of the irradiated surface in need of pest control in the field falls within the range of 1 lx (lux) to 10 lx, and the LED A power supply device in which lamp driving conditions are adjusted is provided.

  This is because if the illuminance of the irradiated surface is less than 1 lx, the repellent effect on the pests is insufficient there. On the other hand, if there is a place where the illuminance of the irradiated surface exceeds 10 lx, the growth and flowering of horticultural crops (depending on the type) are affected, and the possibility of inhibition increases. In this specification, the illuminance is measured on the irradiated surface in a state where no horticultural crops exist (a state before planting). This is because when horticultural crops are present, shades caused by foliage differ depending on the size, number, density, etc., and the illuminance varies and cannot be determined.

(2-1) Dispersion Arrangement The number of LED lamps and the dispersion arrangement form can be appropriately determined in consideration of the types of horticultural crops and pests so that the brightness of the irradiated surface is 1 lx to 10 lx. For example, a large number of LED lamps that emit spot light can be dispersedly arranged on lattice points above the field, or a lamp unit in which several LED lamps are aggregated can be installed at an appropriate position in the field. In the former case, for example, about 5 to 15 LED lamps can be disposed per unit irradiated area (1 m ² ).

(2-2) Light Diffusing Member It is preferable to provide each of the plurality of LED lamps with a light diffusing member that widens the directivity angle of the LED lamp. Examples of the light diffusing member include a diffusing lens and a diffusive reflecting mirror.

(2-3) Power supply device Although it does not specifically limit as a power supply device, (a) What adjusts step-down, rectification, etc. from commercial AC power supply, (b) Storage battery which stores the solar cell and the electric power which this solar cell generated. (C) A wind generator and a storage battery that stores electricity generated by the wind generator, or a combination of these (for example, a + b, a + c, a + b + c), etc. It can be illustrated. Moreover, it is preferable that the power supply device is provided with a pulse drive circuit that drives the LED lamp in pulses. The adjustment of the driving condition and the pulse driving condition will be described in the section of pest control method.

(3) Pest Control Method The pest control method of the present invention uses the LED lamp described in the previous section (1), and uses the yellow light emitted from a plurality of LED lamps arranged toward a horticultural crop in the field . The illuminated surface is illuminated so that the illuminance over the entire area of the illuminated surface that needs to be controlled in the field is within the range of 1 lx to 10 lx.

(3-1) Driving conditions Although not particularly limited, for example, in the case of an LED lamp using a light emitting element made of a GaN-based semiconductor, one light emitting element is driven at a voltage of 3.0 V to 3.2 V and a current of 20 mA to 30 mA. Is preferred. This is because heat generation can be suppressed and the life can be extended while obtaining the necessary luminous flux.

(3-2) Pulse drive It is preferable to drive the LED lamp in pulses. The pulse interval is not particularly limited, but is preferably 2 ms (milliseconds) to 5 ms. Semiconductor light-emitting elements are turned off instantaneously (nanoseconds or less) when there is almost no afterglow when power is cut off, but yellow phosphors have a longer afterglow characteristic than semiconductor light-emitting elements, making them even longer. This is because afterglow is emitted for a period of time (at least about milliseconds), the luminescent state is maintained, and the repellent effect of pests is sustained. By pulse driving in this way, it is possible to reduce power consumption and facilitate the realization of driving by the solar cell and storage battery. In this respect, the LED without the conventional phosphor cannot be driven by such a pulse, which is a great advantage of the present LED lamp.

(3-3) Solar Cell Charging Drive It is preferable to drive the LED lamp (at night) with a storage battery that stores the electricity generated by the solar cell (in the daytime). This is particularly useful in fields where running costs are saved and it is difficult to draw commercial AC power.

  According to the LED lamp for a pest control apparatus of the present invention, yellow light that is repelled by pests can be emitted with high luminous efficiency, contributing to reduction in the number of units used, power consumption and cost, and less likely to cause light pollution. The effect that a lifetime is long is acquired.

  According to the pest control apparatus and method of the present invention, the LED lamp can be used to illuminate substantially the entire surface of the irradiated surface that needs to be controlled in the field as uniformly as possible, and to control the pests reliably. It does not affect the growth or flowering, contributes to the reduction of power consumption and cost, is less likely to cause light pollution, and has an excellent effect of having a long life.

  A light emitting element made of a GaN-based semiconductor and emitting blue light or near ultraviolet light having a peak wavelength of 370 nm to 480 nm, and emitting yellow light having a peak wavelength of 560 nm to 580 nm using blue light or near ultraviolet light emitted from the light emitting element as excitation light. It is an LED lamp for pest control apparatus which combines with the fluorescent substance to perform. The light emitting element preferably has a double hetero structure having a light emitting layer including a layer containing indium, and the phosphor is preferably a rare earth silicate phosphor.

  Using this LED lamp, the yellow light radiated from a plurality of LED lamps, so that the illuminance in the entire area of the irradiated surface in need of pest control in the field falls within the range of 1 lx to 10 lx, It is a pest control device provided with a power supply device in which a plurality of LED lamps are dispersedly arranged in a field and the driving conditions of the LED lamps are adjusted. The power supply device preferably includes a pulse driving circuit that drives the LED lamp in pulses, and further includes a solar battery and a storage battery that stores electricity generated by the solar battery.

  Further, by using this LED lamp, the yellow light emitted from the plurality of LED lamps is such that the illuminance in the entire area of the irradiated surface in need of pest control in the field falls within the range of 1 lx to 10 lx. And a pest control method characterized by illuminating the irradiated surface. The LED lamp is preferably pulse-driven at a pulse interval of 2 ms to 5 ms. Further, the LED lamp is preferably driven by a storage battery that stores electricity generated by the solar battery.

1 to 5 show Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the pest control apparatus 1 is installed on the ceiling surface of a house 2 that covers a field B where horticultural crops are grown. In this embodiment, the flat area of the field B is about 37 m ² , and the cultivation area A is set in a range from the ground to a height (h) of 1.2 m in accordance with the height of the horticultural crop after growth. . Irradiated surfaces requiring pest control are all irradiated surfaces from the ground included in the cultivation area A to a height (h) of 1.2 m.

The pest control apparatus 1 is installed at a height (H) of 2M from the ground. Specifically, a plurality of support frames 3 and mounting frames 4 are installed vertically and horizontally on the ceiling surface of the house 2, and a large number of LED lamps 5 are scattered on the entire ceiling surface in a zigzag manner on the lower surface of the mounting frame 4. Are arranged as follows. 21 mounting frames 4 are provided at a pitch (P1) of 0.25 m, and 18 LED lamps 5 are mounted on each frame 4 at a pitch (P2) of 0.4 m. As a result, the total number of LED lamps 5 is 378, and the number of installations per unit area (1 m ² ) is about 10. By these LED lamps 5 driven by the power supply device and conditions described later, the illuminance in the entire area of the irradiated surface included in the cultivation area A is approximately around 2 lx (in the range of at least 1 lx to 3 lx). The illuminated surface is illuminated so that it can be accommodated). As described above, the illuminance may be in the range of 1 lx to 10 lx, and more preferably in the range of 1 lx to 5 lx, but is further uniformized in the present embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 3A, the LED lamp 5 is a combination of a blue light emitting element 11 made of a GaN-based semiconductor and a yellow phosphor 12 made of a rare earth silicate (specifically, a trade name FA565 manufactured by LITEC). Configured. The light emitting element 11 is bonded onto the mount cup 13 a of the lead frame 13, one electrode of the light emitting element 11 is connected to the lead frame 13 by the bonding wire 16, and the other electrode is connected to the other lead frame 15 by the bonding wire 16. Has been. The mount cup 13a is filled with a silicone transparent resin 14 in which the yellow phosphor 12 is mixed at a concentration of 50% to 55% to seal the light emitting element 11. A molding material for sealing the light emitting element 11, the mount cup 13 a, the transparent resin 14, and the like is formed into a shell shape with a transparent resin 17 of an epoxy resin. The top of the transparent resin 17 is a condenser lens 18, and the directivity angle of the LED lamp 5 is about 8 °.

  The substrate 19 of the LED lamp 5 is fixed to the mounting frame 4 with screws or the like, and the lead frames 13 and 15 are connected to the lead wires 20 wired inside the mounting frame 4. A shade 21 made of a transparent resin is attached to the substrate 19, and a diffusion lens 22 that extends the directivity angle of the LED lamp 5 to about 40 ° is provided on the shade 21.

  FIG. 3B shows the layer structure of the light emitting element 11. The light emitting element 11 includes, for example, a sapphire substrate 111 as a transparent substrate, and on the sapphire substrate 111, for example, a buffer layer 112, an n-type contact layer 113, an n-type cladding layer 114, as a GaN-based semiconductor layer by MOCVD or the like. An active layer (light emitting layer) 115 having a multiple quantum well structure, a p-type cladding layer 116, and a p-type contact layer 117 are sequentially formed, and light is transmitted over the entire surface of the p-type contact layer 117 by sputtering, vacuum evaporation, or the like. The p-electrode 118 is formed on a part of the conductive electrode 120, the translucent electrode 120, and the n-electrode 119 is formed on a part of the n-type contact layer 113.

The buffer layer 112 is made of, for example, AlN, and the n-type contact layer 113 is made of, for example, GaN. The n-type cladding layer 114 includes, for example, a layer of Al _y Ga _1-y N (0 ≦ y <1), and the p-type cladding layer 116 includes, for example, Al _x Ga _1-x N (0 <x <1). The p-type contact layer 117 includes, for example, a layer of Al _z Ga _1-z N (0 ≦ z <1, z <x). Further, the band gap of the p-type cladding layer 116 is larger than the band gap of the n-type cladding layer 114. The n-type clad layer 114 and the p-type clad layer 116 may have a single composition, but in this example, the nitride semiconductor film having a thickness of 100 mm or less having different compositions so as to have a superlattice structure. Are stacked.

  The active layer 115 includes a plurality of well layers made of InGaN and a plurality of barrier layers made of GaN or AlGaN. Further, the thickness of the well layer and the barrier layer is 100 mm or less, preferably 60 to 70 mm so as to constitute the superlattice layer.

  The half width of the emission wavelength of the light emitting element 11 configured in this way is 50 nm or less, preferably 40 nm or less. In addition, the peak emission wavelength of the light emitting element 11 is blue of 450 nm to 460 nm. Accordingly, the LED lamp 5 is configured to excite the yellow phosphor 12 with the blue light emitted from the light emitting element 11 and emit yellow light having a peak wavelength of 570 to 572 nm. The blue light hardly leaks outside the lamp.

  As shown in FIG. 4, eight LED lamps 5 are connected in series by lead wires 20, and a DC voltage of 24 V is supplied from a DC power supply device 23 through a resistor 25 (which may be through the pulse driving circuit 24). And supplied to the LED lamp 5. The light emitting element 11 of each LED lamp 5 is continuously driven under the driving conditions of about 3 V and 20 mA adjusted in this way, or pulse driven by the pulse driving circuit 24. In addition, as the DC power supply device 23, in addition to a DC power supply device that rectifies by connecting to a commercial AC power supply, a storage battery or a fuel cell that stores electricity generated by a solar battery can be preferably used.

  According to the insect pest controlling apparatus 1 having the above-described configuration, the diffusion lens 22 that uses the LED lamp 5 formed by combining the blue light emitting element 11 and the yellow phosphor 12 with high luminous efficiency and expands the directivity angle of the LED lamp 5 to about 40 °. (The condensing lens 18 of the LED lamp 5 may be redesigned to widen the directivity angle, in which case the diffusing lens 22 is unnecessary), and the plurality of LED lamps 5 are arranged in a distributed manner. As shown in the above, the yellow light radiated from the LED lamp 5 causes the illuminance of substantially the entire surface of the irradiated surface included in the cultivation area A from the ground to a height (h) of 1.2 m to be approximately 2 lx. Thus, the irradiated surface can be illuminated substantially uniformly. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b), the irradiated surface at the height (h) 1.2 m of the cultivation area A is within the directivity angle of one LED lamp 5 from a short distance. As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5C, the irradiated surface at the ground position in the cultivation area A overlaps the directivity angles of the plurality of LED lamps 5 from a long distance. Illuminated in the light, the entire area is about 2lx.

  By this substantially uniform irradiation of yellow light, all the horticultural crops 6 in the cultivation area A can be efficiently protected from pests from the seedling stage to the harvest period. Moreover, if it is this brightness, there is no possibility of inhibiting the growth and flowering of crops and horticultural crops 6, and there is no fear of causing light pollution around the house 2. Moreover, since the efficiency of the LED lamp 5 is high, the number of LED lamps 5 used can be reduced, power consumption can be saved, and the degree of freedom in equipment layout of the house 2 can be increased. Further, according to the pulse drive, power consumption can be further saved. Further, the driving by the solar battery and the storage battery is particularly useful in a field where it is difficult to draw a commercial AC power source.

  Table 1 below shows the results of investigating the effects of LED lighting on the number of eggs laid in the tobacco. In this survey, the house 2 shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 in the Nagano vegetable flowering test site, where the tobacco tobacco can freely enter and exit the house 2, and a total of 6 days (2006) shown in Table 1 ( 6 times), the LED lamp 5 of the pest control apparatus 1 was turned on by continuous driving at the voltage and current from 16:30 to 7:00 the next morning, and was produced on the number of carnations shown in Table 1. The number of eggs of the tobacco tobacco was counted. The untreated section in the table is a carnation planting area of the same area prepared in the same house 2, and is a comparative area where no irradiation treatment by the pest control apparatus 1 is performed.

  As shown in Table 1, the number of eggs laid on the carnation strain illuminated by the LED lamp 5 of the pest control apparatus 1 was significantly smaller than the number of eggs laid on the untreated strain. It is presumed that this is the result of the egg-laying behavior of adult tobacco moths being suppressed by the yellow light emitted by the LED lamp 5.

  6 and 7 show a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the pest control device 31 includes a lamp unit 32 at a height (H) of about 2M from the ground. Several LED lamps 5 configured in the same manner as in the first embodiment are mounted on the substrate 33 of the lamp unit 32.

  The LED lamp 5 is covered with a shade 34, and a lens 35 is provided in almost the entire area of the shade 34. Then, yellow light having a peak wavelength of 570 nm to 572 nm emitted from the LED lamp 5 is collected at the central portion of the shade 34 due to the curvature change of the lens 35 and diffused at the outer peripheral portion, and is irradiated on the irradiated surface having a diameter (D) of 10 m to 15 m. It comes to irradiate.

  Therefore, according to this pest control apparatus 31, since a plurality of high-intensity LED lamps 5 are unitized, as shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b), a small number of lamp units 32 can be used for a wide cultivation area. It is possible to illuminate substantially uniformly the entire surface of the irradiated surface that needs to be pest control in A so as to fall within the range of illuminance of 1 lx to 10 lx. For this reason, there exists an advantage which can protect the horticultural crops in which plant height does not grow so much, for example, vegetables 36, such as lettuce and a cabbage, from a pest by simpler equipment.

  FIG. 8 shows a third embodiment of the present invention. The pest control device 41 includes the same lamp unit 32 as that of the second embodiment on the ground of the orchard. The required number of lamp units 32 are installed upward at appropriate positions on the ground, and the shelf 42 assembled at a height of about 2 m is used as the irradiated surface, and yellow light having a peak wavelength of 570 nm to 572 nm is applied to the branches of the fruit tree 43 from a plurality of directions. It comes to irradiate towards.

  According to this pest control apparatus 41, since the high-intensity lamp unit 32 is installed upward on the ground, a wide range of branches extending over the shelf 42 are within the range of illuminance 1lx to 10lx from the lower side of the shelf 42. It can be illuminated almost uniformly. Therefore, there is an advantage that a necessary amount of yellow light is given to the fruit hanging down from the branch, the shaded part is eliminated, and pests that tend to gather on the fruit can be efficiently controlled.

  FIG. 9 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention. This pest control apparatus 51 includes the same LED lamp 5 as that of the first embodiment on the ceiling surface and the ground of the house. An appropriate number of LED lamps 5 on the ceiling surface are attached downward to the ceiling frame 52, and an appropriate number of LED lamps 5 on the ground surface are attached upward to a ground frame 53 extending inside the V-shaped fence 54.

  According to this pest control apparatus 51, since the high-intensity LED lamps 5 are installed on both the ceiling surface and the ground, the on-fence vegetables 55 such as tomatoes that are cultivated while being supported by the fence 54 are viewed from the inside and outside of the fence 54. Illumination can be performed substantially uniformly so as to be within a range of illuminance of 1 lx to 10 lx. Therefore, there are fewer shaded parts on the entire fence 54, and there is an advantage that the vegetables 55 on the fence can be efficiently protected from pests.

  FIG. 10 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention. This pest control device 61 includes a cylindrical base 62, and an appropriate number of LED lamps 5 according to the first embodiment and lamp units 32 according to the second embodiment are disposed on the entire circumferential surface of the base 62. The base 62 is directly installed on the fruit tree 63, and the LED lamp 5 and the lamp unit 32 emit yellow light having a peak wavelength of 570 nm to 572 nm in a range of 360 °.

  Therefore, according to this pest control apparatus 61, the whole large fruit tree 63 can be illuminated substantially uniformly so as to be within the range of illuminance of 1 lx to 10 lx by the large number of lamps 5 and 32 having high luminance. Further, the device 61 can be easily installed by tying or hanging the base 62 to the fruit tree 63, and the installation position and orientation of the device 61 can be easily changed according to the growth of the fruit.

It is a side view of the house which shows the pest control apparatus of Example 1 by this invention. It is the bottom view of this apparatus which looked at the ceiling surface from the inner side of the house. (A) is sectional drawing which shows the LED lamp of this apparatus, (b) is schematic which shows the layer structure of the light emitting element of this LED lamp. It is an electrical wiring diagram of this device. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of this apparatus. It is an elevation view of the lamp unit showing the pest control apparatus of Example 2. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of this apparatus. It is an elevation which shows the installation form of the pest control apparatus of Example 3. FIG. It is an elevation which shows the installation form of the pest control apparatus of Example 4. FIG. It is an elevation which shows the installation form of the pest control apparatus of Example 5. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 Pest control device (Example 1)
2 House 5 LED lamp 11 Blue light emitting element 12 Yellow phosphor 23 DC power supply device 24 Pulse drive circuit 31 Pest control device (Example 2)
32 Lamp unit 41 Pest control device (Example 3)
51 Pest control device (Example 4)
61 Pest control device (Example 5)

Claims (12)

A light emitting element made of a semiconductor and emitting blue light or near ultraviolet light having a peak wavelength of 370 nm to 480 nm, and a fluorescence emitting yellow light having a peak wavelength of 560 nm to 580 nm using blue light or near ultraviolet light emitted from the light emitting element as excitation light. An LED lamp for a pest control apparatus, which is combined with a body, wherein the phosphor is mixed with a light emitting element in a form mixed with a transparent resin used as a molding material of the light emitting element or a coating material of the molding material. The LED lamp for pest control apparatus which is combined and the concentration of the phosphor in the transparent resin is 40% to 60% .   The LED lamp for a pest control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the light emitting element is made of a GaN-based semiconductor. The light emitting device includes a p-type cladding layer including a layer of Al _x Ga _1-x N (where 0 <x <1) and a layer of Al _y Ga _1-y N (where 0 ≦ y <1). 3. The LED lamp for a pest control apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the LED lamp has a double hetero structure having a light emitting layer including a layer containing indium sandwiched between n-type cladding layers.   4. The LED lamp for a pest control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the phosphor is a rare earth silicate phosphor. The LED lamp for a pest control apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the LED lamp has a luminous efficiency of 40 lm / W or more by the yellow light . Using the LED lamp according to any one of claims 1 to 5, pest control in the field is necessary by the yellow light emitted from the plurality of LED lamps arranged toward the horticultural crop in the field. A power supply device is provided in which a plurality of the LED lamps are distributed in a field and the driving conditions of the LED lamps are adjusted so that the illuminance in the entire area of the irradiated surface falls within the range of 1 lx to 10 lx. Pest control device. The pest control apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising a light diffusing member for expanding a directivity angle of the LED lamp. The pest control apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the power supply device includes a pulse drive circuit that drives the LED lamp in pulses . The pest control device according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the power supply device includes a solar cell and a storage battery that stores electricity generated by the solar cell . Using the LED lamp according to any one of claims 1 to 5, pest control in the field is necessary by the yellow light emitted from the plurality of LED lamps arranged toward the horticultural crop in the field. A pest control method characterized by illuminating the irradiated surface so that the illuminance on the entire irradiated surface falls within a range of 1 lx to 10 lx. The pest control method according to claim 10, wherein the LED lamp is pulse-driven at a pulse interval of 2 ms to 5 ms. The pest control method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the LED lamp is driven by a storage battery storing electricity generated by a solar battery .

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