JP4785140B2 - Food material having lipid metabolism regulating action, health food, animal feed and animal breeding method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a food material, a health food, an animal feed, and a method for raising an animal that is fed and fed with an animal feed that has a lipid metabolism regulating action and is useful for the prevention and improvement of obesity and lifestyle-related diseases.

  Since rice bran contains a large amount of vegetable oil, rice bran is used in large quantities as a raw material for cooking oil. In addition, rice bran contains various nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, and dietary fiber, and also contains a large amount of useful ingredients having various physiologically active functions. It is widely used as a raw material for feed additives.

  By the way, when rice bran is used as a raw material for edible oil, or when pharmaceuticals, food additives, feed additives, etc. are made from rice bran extracts, after removing these from rice bran, oil is removed with an organic solvent. A large amount of residue left) and residue (a residue obtained by further removing water-soluble components from the defatted residue) remain.

  Since these defatted rice bran and residue are residual rice cakes from which the above-mentioned useful ingredients have been extracted, it seems that no useful ingredients will remain, and the use of the ingredients is not considered at all. It was only used as a raw material for compost.

JP 2001-327881 A JP 05-194069 A JP 05-192091 A

  A problem to be solved is that a large amount of defatted soot and residue are not effectively used.

  Therefore, the present inventors have conducted intensive research on defatted lees and residues, and found that degreased lees and residues still have useful components, particularly components that have a function of regulating lipid metabolism in humans and animals, that is, blood adiponectin concentration. It was discovered that a component having an action to increase or decrease insulin resistance was considerably contained, and the present invention was made.

  The main feature of the present invention is that it regulates lipid metabolism in humans and animals by paying attention to components remaining in defatted lees and residues to prevent or improve obesity and lifestyle-related diseases. And

  That is, the food material having a lipid metabolism regulating action according to the present invention is characterized by comprising defatted koji or residue. In addition, the health food having a lipid metabolism regulating action according to the present invention is characterized in that defatted koji or residue is one of the components.

  Here, the lipid metabolism regulating action means the action of activating lipid metabolism in the body of a human being or animal, preventing or eliminating obesity, and preventing or eliminating lifestyle-related diseases. The food material means not only a material that becomes a food material for human consumption but also a material that becomes a feed material for animal consumption.

  In addition, the defatted lees refers to the remaining lees obtained by extracting oil from noodles or other organic solvents from the lees obtained when scouring cereals or the squeezed lees obtained by squeezing the oil. Remaining rice cake obtained by extracting water-soluble components with water.

  Further, defatted lees or residues include a fraction having an effect of increasing blood adiponectin concentration or an effect of decreasing insulin resistance, and examples of this fraction include hydroxycinnamic acid analog plant sterol esters. .

  It should be noted that defatted lees and residues are not significantly different in the effects of anti-obesity and anti-lifestyle diseases, and therefore, the lees added to animal feed may be defatted lees or residues.

  Moreover, the animal feed having a lipid metabolism regulating action according to the present invention is characterized in that defatted koji or residue is one of the components. In addition, the animal breeding method according to the present invention is characterized in that an animal is fed by feeding an animal feed containing defatted straw or residue as one of its components.

  Here, the basic components of the animal feed may be substantially the same as the animal feed that is generally used. Further, the animal feed preferably contains a certain amount of lipid in order to improve eating.

  Lipids include fats and oils that were originally included in feed materials and fats and oils that were added later. The oils and fats added later include, for example, rapeseed oil, soybean oil, corn oil, palm oil, castor oil, pork fat, beef tallow, fish oil, whale oil, or one or more mixed oils selected from these oils. Can be mentioned.

  Animal feeds containing lipids include 1 to 20% by weight of lipids and 1 to 15% by weight of defatted lees or residues (feeds as active ingredient hydroxycinnamic acid analog plant sterol esters) (About 20 to 300 μg per 100 g).

  The reason why the lipid content is limited to 1 to 20% by weight is that when the lipid content is less than 1% by weight, the bite of pets and livestock becomes poor, and when the lipid content exceeds 20% by weight, This is because pellet molding becomes difficult.

  Further, the reason for limiting the defatted residue or residue to 1 to 15% by weight is that the effect of anti-obesity is small if the defatted residue or residue is less than 1% by weight, and if the defatted residue or residue exceeds 15% by weight, However, if the defatted lees or residue is 1 to 15% by weight, the nutritional balance is good and the effects of anti-obesity and anti-lifestyle diseases can be obtained. Because.

  From the standpoint that remarkable effects of anti-obesity and anti-lifestyle diseases can be obtained in the animal feed and the animal breeding method having a lipid metabolism regulating action according to the present invention, 3 to 10 edible fats and oils are used as the lipid. A range of 5% by weight to 10% by weight of the defatted soot or residue is particularly preferred.

  In addition, defatted lees or residues include a fraction having an effect of increasing blood adiponectin concentration or reducing insulin resistance, and this fraction includes hydroxycinnamic acid analog plant sterol esters. This is the same as in the case of the food materials and health foods described above.

  According to the present invention, there is an effect that defatted lees and residues that have not been effectively used until now can be effectively used as raw materials for food materials, health foods, animal feeds and the like.

  Further, according to the present invention, a highly safe food material, health food and animal feed that can improve the obesity of human beings, pets or livestock, and prevent or improve lifestyle-related diseases such as diabetes. There is an effect that it can be provided at low cost.

  In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide food materials, health foods, and animal feeds that are less likely to cause obesity, diabetes, etc. even if humans, pets or livestock are ingested even if they are easy to eat by adding oil. effective.

It is a graph which shows the relationship between content (weight%) of a residue, and blood adiponectin level (microgram / ml). The content of residue bran is a graph showing the relationship between (wt%) and the degree of obesity ^{(× 10 -2 g / m 2} ). It is a graph which shows the effect of various components which acts on the adiponectin secretion amount in a mouse | mouth 3T3-L1 fat cell. It is a graph which shows the HOMA insulin resistance index of the mouse | mouth used for the test. It is a graph which shows content (mg) of the hydroxycinnamic acid analog plant sterol ester in 1 kg of rice bran and each residue. It is a graph which shows content (mg) of hydroxycinnamic acid analog plant sterol ester in 1 kg of total lipid containing rice bran and residue.

  The aim of improving the obesity of humans, pets and livestock, and preventing or improving lifestyle-related diseases such as diabetes has been realized at low cost without compromising safety.

  To 200 g of rice bran obtained from Hiroshima Koshihikari in 2001, 1 liter of special grade hexane was added, and the mixture was stirred uniformly at 12,000 rpm for 5 minutes with a cup-type homogenizer. Suction filtration was performed with one filter paper. After repeating this operation again, the obtained defatted soot was removed with hexane by an evaporator.

  Next, twice the amount of distilled water was added to the obtained defatted soot, and the mixture was stirred uniformly at 12,000 rpm for 5 minutes with a cup-type homogenizer, and then the soot was collected as a precipitate by centrifugation at 5000 × g for 20 minutes. Again, the water-soluble component was extracted with distilled water, and after centrifugation, the obtained residue was dried by being allowed to stand at an evaporator and at room temperature.

  Next, as shown in Table 1, a test feed containing 0 to 15% by weight of the residue obtained as described above and 1 to 20% by weight of edible fats and oils was prepared. In addition, in the components shown in Table 1, a standard feed was prepared with 5% by weight of cellulose as crude fibers and 6% by weight of corn oil as edible oil instead of residue.

  Next, 120 male 7-week-old C57BL / 6J Jcl mice were randomly divided into 30 groups in a laboratory animal breeding facility adjusted to light and dark (12h / 12h) and 23 ° C., and 4 mice were placed in cages. Raised.

  First, as a preliminary breeding, a standard feed was administered for 1 week for breeding, and then a test diet was administered for 3 weeks. About 5 g of feed was administered per day to feed mice with satiation.

Next, when the obesity level (× 10 ⁻² g / m ² ) and blood adiponectin level (μg / ml) of the mouse were examined, they were as shown in Table 2. An ELISA measurement kit (Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) was used for measuring the blood adiponectin level.

  From FIG. 1 created based on the results shown in Table 2, compared to the mouse adiponectin level (μg / ml) when the residue was 0% by weight, the mouse was found to have a residue of 1% by weight or more. It can be seen that the blood adiponectin level (μg / ml) increases. It can also be seen that the adiponectin level (μg / ml) in the blood of mice increases as the residue content (% by weight) increases.

Moreover, from FIG. 2 created based on the results shown in Table 2, the residue was 1 in comparison with the obesity level of the mouse (× 10 ⁻² g / m ² ) when the residue was 0% by weight. in% by weight or more it can be seen that the degree of obesity in mice ^{(× 10 -2 g / m 2} ) is lowered. Here, in the degree of obesity, in the short term, the effect is considered to be slow when the balance is 1%, but when it becomes 5%, the effect is recognized even in the short term. The content of residue bran obesity as (wt%) increases ^{(× 10 -2 g / m 2} ) it can be seen that lower. In addition, when edible oil and fat exceeded 15 weight%, it was difficult to shape | mold a feed into a pellet form.

  Next, an experiment was conducted to clarify the active ingredients having anti-obesity and anti-lifestyle disease effects.

  In fractions that are difficult to extract with a non-polar solvent such as n-hexane in cereal meal and that are easily extracted with a relatively polar solvent such as a chloroform / methanol mixed solvent, plant sterols, ferulic acid, plant sterols Ferulic acid esters exist. Therefore, the effect of adipocyte adiponectin secretion regulation by these preparations or mixtures was examined.

  As a positive control, used as a therapeutic agent for type 2 diabetes, troglitazone already known to enhance adiponectin secretion in adipocytes, plant sterol mixture as test substance, cholesterol, hydroxycinnamic acid analog plant sterol ester, The effect of ferulic acid on adiponectin secretion by mouse adipocytes was examined using ferulic acid.

  That is, 3T3-L1 fibroblasts were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (DMEM) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) to reach confluence, and then 1 μM dexamethasone, 0.5 mM isobutylmethylxanthine and 5 μg / ml Differentiation was induced with 10% FBS-DMEM containing insulin.

  Seven days later, 10% FBS-DMEM containing 1 μmol / l of the above-mentioned test substance was administered to differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. After 24 hours, the culture supernatant was collected, and adiponectin was used with adiponectin ELISA kit (Otsuka Pharmaceutical). When the concentration was measured, it was as shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 3, similar to the troglitazone-added group, hydroxycinnamic acid analog plant sterol ester significantly enhanced adiponectin secretion in 3T3-L1 adipocytes (P <0.01). On the other hand, no difference was observed in other plant sterol, ferulic acid and cholesterol added groups as compared to the control group. From the above, the active ingredient in the present invention was considered to be hydroxycinnamic acid analog plant sterol esters.

  C57BL / 6Jcl mice were fed a feed containing 5% residue and 10% edible fat or fat, or a feed containing no residue containing only 10% edible fat and oil, and reared for 3 weeks in the same manner as in Example 1. did. Then, glucose was orally administered to each of these 5 mice, and blood glucose content and insulin level were quantified. The HOMA-IR index (insulin level before glucose load × blood glucose concentration / 22.5), which is an index of insulin resistance, was calculated using the results of this quantification. The results were as shown in the graph of FIG.

  In addition, blood glucose was quantified using a glucose CII-Test Wako kit manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., and insulin was quantified using a Levis insulin-mouse ELISA kit manufactured by Shibayagi Co., Ltd.

  As shown in FIG. 4, it can be seen that insulin resistance was clearly reduced and improved in the group using the test feed containing residue. Therefore, it can be seen that in mice taking residue, insulin resistance is improved, and blood glucose lowering due to insulin occurs quickly, that is, residue has an action to improve type 2 diabetes.

  Total lipids were extracted from rice bran and residue with a mixed solvent of chloroform and methanol, and hydroxycinnamic acid analog plant sterol esters were quantified by HPLC analysis. And when expressed as hydroxycinnamic acid analog plant sterol esters (mg) per 1 kg of straw, it was as shown in FIG. From this result, it can be seen that the residue has an amount of hydroxycinnamic acid analog plant sterol esters comparable to that of rice bran.

  The results of the above quantification were expressed as hydroxycinnamic acid analog plant sterol esters (mg) per 1 kg of total lipid, as shown in FIG. From this result, it can be seen that the concentration of hydroxycinnamic acid analog plant sterol esters per total lipid is more than 4 times higher than that of rice bran in the residue and remains specifically.

Claims (5)

A food material having a lipid metabolism-regulating action, comprising a residue, which is a residue obtained by degreasing rice bran with a non-polar organic solvent and removing water-soluble components from the obtained defatted residue.   The residue comprises a fraction having an action of increasing blood adiponectin concentration and an action of reducing insulin resistance, wherein the fraction is a hydroxycinnamic acid analog plant sterol ester. The food material according to 1. A health food having a lipid metabolism-regulating action characterized by using as a raw material a residue, which is a residue obtained by degreasing rice bran with a nonpolar organic solvent and removing water-soluble components from the obtained degreased pork.   The residue comprises a fraction having an action of increasing blood adiponectin concentration and an action of reducing insulin resistance, wherein the fraction is a hydroxycinnamic acid analog plant sterol ester. 3. The health food according to 3. The rice bran is degreased with a non-polar organic solvent, the residue obtained by removing water-soluble components from the obtained degreased koji contains 5 to 10% by weight, and the cooking fats and oils contain 3 to 10% by weight. Animal feed characterized by this.

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