JP4782312B2 - Tool holder mounting device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a tool holder mounting device for mounting a tool holder on a spindle end of a machine tool such as a machining center.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, in the field of machine tools, automatic machine tools such as a machining center equipped with an automatic tool changer (ATC) are widely used.
In such an automatic machine tool such as a machining center, a plurality of tools suitable for a predetermined cutting process are respectively mounted on a tool holder and stored in a magazine of an automatic tool changer.
[0003]
When the automatic tool change operation starts, the magazine rotates and a desired tool is selected and replaced with a tool already mounted on the spindle tip.
This tool change process is performed with the tool mounted on the tool holder.
The conventional tool holder is provided with a 7/24 taper tapered shank, and a tapered hole complementary to the tapered shank is provided at the tip of the main shaft.
[0004]
The machining center is configured to clamp the tool holder at the tip of the main shaft by fitting the taper shank into the taper hole of the main shaft and pulling the tool holder backward with the draw bar.
On the other hand, a so-called two-surface constraining type tool holder is being used in place of a conventional 7/24 taper tool holder with an increase in cutting speed.
[0005]
The conventional tool holder is supported on the main shaft only by the tapered surface, whereas the two-surface-constrained tool holder is configured to be supported on the end surface of the main shaft in addition to the tapered surface. .
Various types of two-surface-constrained tool holders have been proposed.
Recently, the HSK shank is defined in the DIN 69893 standard established by the German Standards Association.
[0006]
In the DIN 69893 standard, only the shape and dimensions of the HSK shank are defined, and the mounting mechanism to the main shaft is not defined. Therefore, various mounting mechanisms have been proposed.
As such a mounting mechanism, one disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-503769 is known.
[0007]
In the mounting mechanism of this publication, the function of locking the HSK shank and the force-increasing mechanism that generates a tightening force are configured to be achieved by the same structure, thereby simplifying the mechanism.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, such a conventional mounting mechanism has the following problems in use.
(1) When the HSK shank of the tool holder is separated from the spindle end face by a certain amount or more, it cannot be clamped.
[0009]
(2) A state in which the clamp pawl is not completely closed may occur, and the tool holder may not be inserted.
(3) The mechanism may operate without the clamping claws being opened at the time of clamping, and the following operation may be performed assuming that the clamping is performed even though the clamping is not performed.
[0010]
(4) Misclamp detection is difficult.
As a result of earnest research to solve such a conventional problem, the present inventor has found that such a problem is caused by the simultaneous operation of the clamping operation and the pulling operation.
That is, when the HSK shank of the tool holder carried by the ATC is inserted into the tapered hole of the main shaft, the operation of the clamp pawl expanding radially outward and the operation of pulling the HSK shank and clamping simultaneously are performed. Therefore, when the HSK shank is separated from the spindle end face as in (1), the clamp pawl moves without being reliably engaged with the engaging groove inside the HSK shank.
[0011]
Such problems are particularly likely to occur when changing tools at high speeds. Due to this, phenomena such as (2), (3), and (4) are problems in use. It will become apparent.
The present invention has been made to solve such a conventional problem, and is capable of reliably clamping the tool holder to the spindle side even if the position of the taper shank of the tool holder is slightly shifted. An object is to provide a mounting device.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  The tool holder mounting device according to claim 1, wherein the hollow taper shank of the tool holder is provided with a spindle.PartThe outer surface of the hollow taper shank and the inner surface of the tapered hole are brought into contact with each other, and the end surface of the tool holder is placed on the main shaft.PartThe tool holder is brought into contact with the end face on the side so that the spindlePartIn the tool holder mounting device mounted on the side, the spindlePartArranged in the rear end of the main shaftPartA lock rod which is attached to a drive means disposed in a manner that can be attached to the drive means, andA protruding portion that is swingably supported on the lock rod side is formed at the rear end portion, and an engaging surface that engages with a locking surface provided on the inner surface of the hollow portion of the hollow taper shank is on the outer side of the tip portion. Protruding part that is formed and protrudes inward is formedA plurality of clamp claws, and biasing means for biasing the distal ends of the plurality of clamp claws in the direction of the diameter reduction;A hole into which the front end of the lock rod is inserted is formed in the rear end and is arranged concentrically.The main shaft inside the plurality of clamp clawsPartArranged fixed to the side, saidpluralThe protrusion formed inside the clamp claw memberpluralA storage recess that is stored when the diameter of the clamp claw member is reducedAroundA guide shaft member formed,The movement of the lock rod in the pull-in direction moves the plurality of clamp claw members in the pull-in direction, and the projections of the plurality of clamp claw members are guided to the rear side of the storage recesses of the guide shaft member. After the tip end portion of the clamp claw member is expanded in diameter, the engagement surfaces of the plurality of clamp claw members are engaged with the engagement surfaces of the hollow taper shank.It is characterized by that.
[0013]
  The tool holder mounting device according to claim 2 is a tool holder mounting device according to claim 1, wherein a steel ball partially accommodated in a recess formed in the lock rod and an outer side of the lock rod are disposed. A through hole into which the steel ball is fitted, and a support member that is moved by the movement of the lock rod through the steel ball, and when mounting the tool holder, By moving the lock rod in the pull-in direction, the plurality of clamp claw members are moved in the pull-in direction via the steel balls and the support member, and the protrusions of the plurality of clamp claw members are the storage recesses of the guide shaft member. After the front end portions of the plurality of clamp claw members are expanded by being guided to the rear side, the engagement surfaces of the plurality of clamp claw members are engaged with the engagement surfaces of the hollow taper shank, and the tool When removing the holder, the distal ends of the plurality of clamp claws are reduced in diameter by the elastic force of the biasing means due to the movement of the lock rod in the direction opposite to the retracting direction, and the plurality of clamp claws The tool holder is pushed out by a member.
  The tool holder mounting device according to claim 3 is the tool holder mounting device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the tapered hole on the spindle portion side is detachably fixed to the end surface of the spindle body. Formed on the body, on the main shaft end bodyClamp memberIs fixed directly or indirectly.
[0014]
  The tool holder mounting device according to claim 4 is the tool holder mounting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the plurality of clamp pawl members are arranged on the outer side on the rear end side. A protruding portion that abuts against the tapered hole side, and the tip end portion is expanded against the urging force of the urging means with the protruding portion and the protruding portion as a fulcrum by movement of the lock rod in the retracting direction. It is characterized by a diameter.
  The tool holder mounting device according to claim 5 is a tool holder mounting device according to claim 1, wherein a steel ball partially accommodated in a recess formed in the lock rod and an outer side of the lock rod are disposed. In addition, a through-hole into which the steel ball is fitted is formed, and a shape corresponding to a support member that is moved by the movement of the lock rod through the steel ball and a tapered surface on the outer periphery of the hollow taper shank. A spindle end body that is detachably fixed to an end surface of the main shaft portion, a clamp claw presser fixed to the main shaft end body, and a clamp that is fixed via the clamp claw presserElementAnd the plurality of clamp claws are formed at the rear end thereof with protrusions and projections that are swingably supported by the support member via the clamp claw presser. An engaging surface that is engaged with a locking surface provided on the inner surface of the part is formed on the outer side of the tip part, a protruding part that protrudes inward is formed, and is fixed directly or indirectly to the spindle end body, The guide shaft member has a through hole formed in the axial length direction, a hole portion into which the distal end portion of the lock rod is inserted is formed in the rear end portion, and is disposed inside the plurality of clamp claws arranged concentrically. The lock rod is fixedly disposed on the spindle end body side, and a protrusion formed on the inner side of the plurality of clamp claw members is formed on the outer periphery to receive a recess when the diameter of the plurality of clamp claw members is reduced. To move in The tip portion is enlarged against the urging force of the urging means with the projections and projections of the plurality of clamp pawl members as fulcrums, and the steel ball and the support member are moved in the retracting direction. After the protrusions are guided to the rear side of the housing recesses of the guide shaft members and the tips of the plurality of clamp claw members are expanded in diameter, the engagement surfaces of the plurality of clamp claw members are the hollow taper shanks. It is characterized by being engaged with the locking surface.
  The tool holder mounting device according to claim 6 is the tool holder mounting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a through hole is formed at the center of the lock rod and the guide shaft member. The front end of the lock rod is fitted into the rear end of the guide shaft member.
  The tool holder mounting device according to claim 7 is the tool holder mounting device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the engagement surfaces of the plurality of clamp pawl members are locking surfaces of the hollow taper shank. And a force increasing means for increasing the pulling force of the lock rod and transmitting it to the support member after the engagement.
  The tool holder mounting device according to claim 8 is the tool holder mounting device according to claim 7, wherein the force-increasing means includes a through hole formed in the support member, a sphere disposed in the through hole, A concave portion formed on the outer periphery of the lock rod, in which a part of the sphere is located, and fixed to the main shaft side outside the support member, and inclined from the front side of the sphere toward the sphere. , A first inclined surface, and a clamp member having a second inclined surface set to be larger than an angle of the first inclined surface, and the force-intensifying means is in the initial stage of retracting the lock rod. The spherical body is pushed out by the first inclined surface in the radial direction, and the plurality of clamp claw members and the support member are moved after the engagement surfaces of the plurality of clamp claw members contact the engagement surface of the hollow taper shank. Incapable state The sphere is pushed in the radial direction by the second inclined surface during the lock rod retracting step, and the locking surfaces of the plurality of clamp claws are firmly engaged with the locking surfaces of the taper shank. And
[0015]
(Function)
In the tool holder mounting device according to the first aspect, when the lock rod is moved in the retracting direction, the support member is moved in the retracting direction, and the clamp pawl member is moved in the retracting direction.
Due to the movement of the clamp claw member in the pull-in direction, the protrusion formed on the inside of the clamp claw member is detached from the storage recess formed on the guide shaft member, and is guided to the rear side of the storage recess of the guide shaft member. The distal end portion of the clamp claw member expands against the urging force of the urging means.
[0016]
  Thereafter, the engagement surface of the clamp claw member is engaged with the engagement surface of the hollow taper shank by further movement of the clamp claw member in the pull-in direction.
  In the tool holder mounting device according to claim 2,When removing the tool holder, the tip of the clamp claw member is reduced in diameter by the elastic force of the biasing means due to the movement of the lock rod in the direction opposite to the retracting direction, and the tool holder is pushed out by the clamp claw member. .
[0017]
  In the tool holder mounting device according to claim 3,A spindle end body in which a taper hole on the spindle side is formed is detachably fixed to an end surface of the spindle body, and a clamp member is directly or indirectly fixed to the spindle end body.
  Therefore, the tool holder mounting device can be easily and surely incorporated into the main spindle body as a unit.
  In the tool holder mounting device according to claim 4, when the tool holder is mounted, the biasing means is attached by using the protrusions and protrusions of the plurality of clamp pawl members as fulcrums by moving the lock rod in the retracting direction. The tip is enlarged in diameter against the force.
[0018]
  In the tool holder mounting device according to claim 5, the distal end portion is enlarged against the urging force of the urging means by using the protrusions and protrusions of the plurality of clamp pawl members as fulcrums by moving the lock rod in the retracting direction. The steel ball and the support member are moved in the retracting direction, and the protrusions are guided to the rear side of the storage recesses of the guide shaft member, and the tips of the plurality of clamp claws are expanded, and then the plurality of clamp claws The engaging surface of the member is engaged with the locking surface of the hollow taper shank.
[0019]
  Claim 6In the tool holder mounting device, fluid such as coolant, compressed air, and oil mist passes through the through hole of the lock rod and then is supplied to the tool holder side through the through hole of the guide shaft member.
  In the tool holder mounting device according to the seventh aspect, since the force-intensifying means increases the pulling force of the lock rod and transmits it to the support member, the tool holder can be firmly clamped to the spindle side.
  In the tool holder mounting device according to the eighth aspect of the present invention, the sphere is moved to the outside by pushing the lock rod and pressed against the inclined surface of the clamp member, so that the pulling force of the support member can be easily and reliably increased. it can.
  Then, due to this reaction force, the support member is pulled in with a higher pulling force than the pulling force of the lock rod.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention shown in the drawings will be described in detail.
1 and 2 show an embodiment of the tool holder mounting device of the present invention.
In this embodiment, the tool holder mounting device of the present invention is mounted as a clamp unit 13 at the tip of the spindle 11 of the machine tool.
[0021]
The main shaft portion 11 has a through hole 11a provided with a drive mechanism 15 (not shown in detail) that moves in the axial length direction at the inner rear portion, and the clamp unit 13 is mounted on the open end side of the through hole 11a. .
The clamp unit 13 includes a lock rod 17, a support cylinder 19, a clamp sleeve 21, a clamp claw presser 23, a guide shaft body 25, a clamp claw 27, a steel ball 29, and a ring spring 31 as main components.
[0022]
The lock rod 17 is detachably connectable to the drive mechanism 15 at the rear end, and a through hole 17a through which a fluid flows is formed along the central axis.
A large-diameter shaft portion 17b is formed at the center of the lock rod 17, and a concave portion 17c having an arcuate cross section is formed in the large-diameter shaft portion 17b.
[0023]
In addition, on the front side of the recess 17c, for example, a tapered surface 17d that is inclined at an angle of 50 degrees with respect to the axial length direction is formed.
A front side of the large-diameter shaft portion 17b of the lock rod 17 is a small-diameter shaft portion 17e, and seal members 33 and 35 are attached to the small-diameter shaft portion 17e at intervals.
A flange portion 17f is formed at the rear portion of the large-diameter shaft portion 17b of the lock rod 17.
[0024]
An engaging means 17h made of, for example, a bayonet joint is connected to the drive mechanism 15 at the rear end portion of the large-diameter shaft portion 17b.
A fluid connection shaft portion 17i is formed behind the engaging means 17h, and a seal member 37 is attached to the fluid connection shaft portion 17i.
A support cylinder 19 that is moved by the movement of the lock rod 17 is disposed outside the lock rod 17.
[0025]
The support cylinder 19 has a large-diameter portion 19a fitted to the large-diameter shaft portion 17b of the lock rod 17, and a small-diameter shaft portion 17e of the lock rod 17 is covered on the front side of the large-diameter portion 19a. A small-diameter portion 19b to be fitted is formed.
A pair of through holes 19 c are formed in the large diameter portion 19 a of the support cylinder 19 so as to face each other.
[0026]
A steel ball 29 is fitted in these through holes 19c.
A part of the steel ball 29 is accommodated in a recess 17 c formed on the outer periphery of the lock rod 17.
A clamp sleeve 21 is disposed outside the large diameter portion 19 a of the support cylinder 19.
[0027]
A seal member 39 is disposed between the front inner surface of the clamp sleeve 21 and the support tube 19.
Further, a seal member 41 is disposed between the outer surface of the clamp sleeve 21 and the hole portion 11 b of the main shaft portion 11.
A first inclined surface 21 a and a second inclined surface 21 b that are inclined from the front side of the steel ball 29 toward the steel ball 29 are formed at the center of the clamp sleeve 21.
[0028]
The first inclined surface 21a is inclined at an angle of, for example, 30 degrees with respect to the axial length direction, and the second inclined surface 21b is inclined at an angle of, for example, 45 degrees with respect to the axial length direction. Yes.
The steel ball 29 and the clamp sleeve 21 arranged in the support cylinder 19 constitute a force-increasing mechanism 43 that increases the pulling force of the lock rod 17 and transmits it to the support cylinder 19.
[0029]
A guide shaft body 25 is disposed on the front side of the support cylinder 19.
A through hole 25 a is formed in the axial direction of the guide shaft body 25.
The distal end portion of the lock rod 17 is fitted into the hole portion 25b formed in the rear end portion of the guide shaft body 25.
A seal member 45 is disposed in a hole 25 c formed at the tip of the guide shaft body 25.
[0030]
The seal member 45 is inserted with a fluid guiding protrusion 47 b provided in the axial direction in the center of the inner surface of the hollow taper shank 47 a of the tool holder 47.
A storage recess 25d is formed in the approximate center of the guide shaft body 25, and a guide shaft 25e is formed on the rear side of the storage recess 25d.
Four clamp claws 27 are arranged concentrically outside the guide shaft body 25.
[0031]
A protrusion 27 a is formed at the rear end of the clamp claw 27, and this protrusion 27 a is swingably engaged with an outer peripheral groove 19 d formed in the support cylinder 19.
On the inner side of the approximate center of the clamp claw 27, a protruding portion 27b protruding inward is formed.
[0032]
  The protrusion 27b is accommodated in an accommodation recess 25d formed on the outer periphery of the guide shaft body 25 when the diameter of the clamp claw 27 is reduced.
  Clamp claw 27A recess 27c is formed inside the front side of the projection 27b.
  The concave portion 27 c comes into contact with a shaft portion 25 f formed on the front side of the housing concave portion 25 d of the guide shaft body 25 when the diameter of the clamp claw 27 is reduced.
[0033]
An engaging surface 27d that engages with an engaging surface 47d provided on the inner surface of the hollow portion 47c of the hollow taper shank 47a is formed on the outer side of the distal end portion of the clamp claw 27.
That is, a recess 47e is formed on the inner surface of the hollow portion 47c of the hollow taper shank 47a of the tool holder 47, and a locking surface 47d is formed on the recess 47e.
A concave portion 27e is formed at the distal end portion of the four clamp claws 27, and a ring spring 31 for urging the four clamp claws 27 toward the diameter reducing direction is disposed in the concave portion 27e.
[0034]
In this embodiment, a main shaft end body 49 is detachably fixed to the end surface of the main shaft portion 11, and a main shaft end tapered hole 49 a is formed in the main shaft end body 49.
The tapered hole 49a has a shape corresponding to the tapered surface 47f on the outer periphery of the hollow tapered shank 47a (HSK shank) of the tool holder 47.
The clamp sleeve 21 is fixed to the spindle end body 49 via a clamp claw presser 23.
[0035]
The clamp claw presser 23 has a cylindrical shape, and a flange portion 23 a is fixed to the rear surface of the spindle end body 49 via a bolt 51.
An annular protrusion 23 b is formed on the front surface of the flange portion 23 a, and the annular protrusion 23 b is fitted into the hole 49 b of the main shaft end body 49.
The outer periphery of an arc-shaped protrusion 27f that protrudes from the outer periphery of the rear end portion of the clamp claw 27 is in contact with the inner periphery of the clamp claw presser 23.
[0036]
The clamp sleeve 21 is connected to the rear surface of the clamp pawl presser 23 via a positioning pin member 53.
3 is a front view of the clamp unit 13 of FIG. 1 as viewed from the front end side with the main shaft end body 49 removed, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the clamp claw presser 23, the guide shaft body 25 and the clamp claw 27.
[0037]
In these drawings, four clamp claws 27 are arranged concentrically outside the guide shaft body 25.
A base portion 25h is formed in a cross shape at the rear end of the guide shaft body 25.
The base portion 25 h is inserted into a notch groove 23 c of an annular protrusion 23 b formed at the tip of the clamp claw presser 23.
[0038]
The clamp unit 13 configured as described above is fixed to the main shaft portion 11 via the main shaft end body 49.
That is, members constituting the clamp unit 13 such as the clamp claw presser 23, the clamp sleeve 21, the support cylinder 19, the lock rod 17, the guide shaft body 25, and the clamp claw 27 are assembled in the spindle end body 49 in advance. .
[0039]
Then, the main shaft end body 49 is inserted into the main shaft portion 11 from the rear end portion side of the lock rod 17, and the engaging means 17 h of the lock rod 17 is connected to the drive mechanism 15 by a rotation operation or the like.
Although not shown, the attachment is completed by fixing the spindle end body 49 to the spindle 11 with bolts or the like.
[0040]
Hereinafter, the operation of the above-described clamp unit 13 will be described.
First, as shown in FIG. 1, the hollow tapered shank 47 a of the tool holder 47 is inserted into the tapered hole 49 a of the main shaft end body 49.
[0041]
At this time, since the four clamp claws 27 are in an unclamped state, the diameter of the clamp claws 27 is reduced by the ring spring 31, and the protrusions 27 b of the clamp claws 27 are accommodated in the accommodation recesses 25 d of the guide shaft body 25.
And the hollow taper shank 47a is inserted in the taper hole 49a of the spindle end body 49 until the front-end | tip of the clamp nail | claw 27 contacts the bottom face of the hollow part 47c of the hollow taper shank 47a.
[0042]
Next, in this state, the drive mechanism 15 is moved in the right direction in the drawing (hereinafter referred to as the pull-in direction), and the lock rod 17 is moved in the pull-in direction.
By the movement of the lock rod 17, the support cylinder 19 is moved in the retracting direction via the steel ball 29, and the clamp pawl 27 is moved in the retracting direction.
Due to the movement of the clamp claw 27 in the pull-in direction, the protrusion 27b formed inside the clamp claw 27 is disengaged from the storage recess 25d formed in the guide shaft body 25, and the rear side of the storage recess 25d of the guide shaft body 25 Ride on the guide shaft 25e.
[0043]
By this operation, the tip end portion of the clamp claw 27 is expanded in diameter against the urging force of the ring spring 31 with the protruding portion 27a and the projection portion 27f formed at the rear end portion of the clamp claw 27 as fulcrums.
Then, the engagement surface 27d formed on the outer side of the clamp pawl 27 expands to the concave portion 47e formed on the inner surface of the hollow taper shank 47a.
[0044]
Then, the clamp pawl 27 is further moved in the retracting direction along the guide shaft portion 25e, and the engagement surface 27d is brought into contact with the locking surface 47d of the hollow taper shank 47a.
Thereby, the taper surface 47 f of the hollow taper shank 47 a of the tool holder 47 is firmly fitted into the taper hole 49 a of the main shaft end body 49.
Then, in this embodiment, the pulling force of the lock rod 17 is increased by the force-increasing mechanism 43 and transmitted to the support cylinder 19, and the engagement surface of the clamp claw 27 is transmitted by the force transmitted to the support cylinder 19. 27d is firmly engaged with the locking surface 47d of the hollow taper shank 47a.
[0045]
Hereinafter, the operation of the force increasing mechanism 43 will be described.
In the unclamped state shown in FIG. 1, the radial position of the steel ball 29 is regulated by the concave portion 17 c of the lock rod 17 and the inclined surfaces 21 a and 21 b of the clamp sleeve 21.
Then, when the clamp rod is entered and the lock rod 17 is moved in the retracting direction, the steel ball 29 moves together with the recess 17 c of the lock rod 17.
[0046]
At this time, the support cylinder 19 is also pushed by the steel ball 29 and moves in the retracting direction.
When the steel ball 29 moves in the pull-in direction, the clamp sleeve 21 is fixed to the main shaft end body 49 via the clamp claw 27, and therefore, between the inclined surfaces 21 a and 21 b of the clamp sleeve 21 and the steel ball 29. A gap is created.
In the initial stage, the steel ball 29 abuts on the first inclined surface 21a having a gentle inclination, thereby reducing the amount by which the steel ball 29 is pushed out in the radial direction, and the movement stroke of the lock rod 17 in the retracting direction is reduced. , It can be used for the movement of the clamp claw 27 efficiently.
[0047]
When the engagement surface 27d of the clamp claw 27 comes into contact with the locking surface 47d of the hollow taper shank 47a, the clamp claw 27 and the support cylinder 19 cannot move.
When the lock rod 17 is further moved in the retracting direction from this state, the steel ball 29 is pushed outward in the radial direction by the second inclined surface 21b, and the steel ball 29 is strongly pressed against the second inclined surface 21b of the clamp sleeve 21. Is done.
[0048]
Then, due to this reaction force, the support cylinder 19 is pulled with a pulling force higher than the pulling force of the lock rod 17, for example, a pulling force that is about twice as large.
In this embodiment, when the pulling force for pulling in the lock rod 17 is 9500 N (Newton) at the maximum, it is confirmed that the force for pulling the tool holder 47 is generated approximately 18000 N, which is about twice.
[0049]
The force increase ratio can be easily adjusted by changing the angle of the tapered surface 17d of the lock rod 17 or the angle of the second inclined surface 21b of the clamp sleeve 21.
In the clamp unit 13 described above, when the tool holder 47 is removed, the drive mechanism 15 is moved in the direction opposite to the retracting direction so that the operation opposite to the above-described mounting operation is performed. The diameter of the hollow taper shank 47a is reduced inwardly by the elastic force of the ring spring 31 from the recess 47e, and the state shown in FIG. 1 is obtained again, and the tool holder 47 is pushed out by the tip of the clamp pawl 27. The tool 47 can be taken out and the tool can be changed.
[0050]
Although the above description has shown the case where the tool holder 47 is manually replaced, in reality, in a machine tool such as a machining center, it is automatically controlled by an automatic tool changer. Is called.
In the tool holder mounting device described above, the protrusion 27b of the clamp claw 27 is guided to the rear side of the storage recess 25d of the guide shaft body 25 by the movement of the lock rod 17 in the retracting direction, and the tip of the clamp claw 27 is moved. After the diameter is increased, the engagement surface 27d of the clamp claw 27 is engaged with the locking surface 47d of the hollow taper shank 47a. Therefore, even if the position of the hollow taper shank 47a of the tool holder 47 is slightly shifted, the tool The holder 47 can be reliably clamped to the main shaft side.
[0051]
That is, in the tool holder mounting device described above, a time difference is provided in the operation between the diameter expanding function and the retracting function of the clamp claw 27, and the clamp claw 27 is a part where the locking surface 47d of the hollow taper shank 47a is securely positioned. Since the pull-in action begins after the diameter is expanded to the maximum, reliable clamping is possible, and reliable attachment and removal is possible even during high-speed replacement.
[0052]
Further, during the replacement work by the automatic tool changer, even if the hollow taper shank 47a of the tool holder 47 is inserted into the taper hole 49a on the main shaft side and the end surface of the hollow taper shank 47a is separated from the end surface of the main shaft end body 49, With the diameter-enlarging operation of the clamp pawl 27, the engaging surface 27d of the clamp pawl 27 surely expands to the portion where the locking surface 47d of the hollow taper shank 47a is located, and the pulling action starts. The end surface can be securely clamped while being in close contact with the end surface of the spindle end body 49.
[0053]
Moreover, in the tool holder mounting apparatus described above, the force-increasing mechanism 43 increases the pulling force of the lock rod 17 and transmits it to the support cylinder 19, so that the tool holder 47 is firmly clamped to the main shaft side. Can do.
Since the steel ball 29 is moved outward by the lock rod 17 being pulled and pressed against the inclined surface 21b of the clamp sleeve 21, the pull-in force of the support cylinder 19 can be easily and reliably increased.
[0054]
Moreover, in the tool holder mounting apparatus described above, the spindle end body 49 in which the taper hole 49a on the spindle side is formed is detachably fixed to the end surface of the spindle section 11, so that the tool holder mounting apparatus is connected to the clamp unit. 13 can be easily and reliably incorporated into the main shaft 11.
Furthermore, in the above-described tool holder mounting device, the through holes 17a and 25a are formed at the centers of the lock rod 17 and the guide shaft body 25, and the tip end portion of the lock rod 17 is inserted into the rear end portion of the guide shaft body 25. Therefore, fluids such as coolant, compressed air, and oil mist can be easily and reliably supplied to the tool holder 47 side.
[0055]
Further, since the engagement surface 27d of the clamp claw 27 accurately contacts the locking surface 47d of the hollow taper shank 47a, wear of the engagement surface 27d and the locking surface 47d can be reduced.
That is, for example, with a clamping claw whose tip is opened in a turning manner or a type in which the diameter is enlarged in a translational manner, contact with a surface other than a certain point is difficult.
[0056]
In the above-described tool holder mounting device, the tip portions of the four clamp claws 27 are tapered, so that the hollow of the tool holder 47 can be obtained even when the ring spring 31 that reduces the diameter of the clamp claws 27 is damaged. The taper shank 47a is forcibly closed and inserted into the hollow portion 47c, and the reliability can be improved.
In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the clamp claw 27 is divided into four bodies has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and may be divided into two or more.
[0057]
In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the main shaft end body 49 is detachably fixed to the main shaft portion 11 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment, and the conventional well-known integrated HSK. It can also be applied to a shank spindle structure.
In this case, there is a limitation in the radial direction, and it is necessary to change the outer shape of the clamp pawl presser 23 and the fixing method to the main shaft portion 11, but it is possible in the category of design change.
[0058]
Further, the mounting direction can be incorporated not only from the front end side of the main shaft portion 11 but also from the rear end side, and can be changed according to the structure of the machine tool.
[0059]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the tool holder mounting device according to claim 1, the protrusion of the clamp claw member is guided to the rear side of the storage recess of the guide shaft member by the movement of the lock rod in the retracting direction, and the clamp claw member Since the engaging surface of the clamp claw member is engaged with the locking surface of the hollow taper shank after the tip of the tool is enlarged, the tool holder can be used even if the position of the taper shank of the tool holder is slightly shifted. Can be securely clamped to the spindle side.
[0060]
  In the tool holder mounting device according to claim 2,When removing the tool holder, the tip of the clamp claw member is reduced in diameter by the elastic force of the biasing means due to the movement of the lock rod in the direction opposite to the retracting direction, and the tool holder is pushed out by the clamp claw member. be able to.
  In the tool holder mounting device according to claim 3,Since the spindle end body in which the taper hole on the spindle side is formed is detachably fixed to the end surface of the spindle body, the tool holder mounting device can be easily and surely incorporated into the spindle body as a unit.
[0061]
  In the tool holder mounting device of claim 4,When the tool holder is mounted, the distal end portion is enlarged against the urging force of the urging means by using the protrusions and protrusions of the plurality of clamp pawl members as fulcrums by moving the lock rod in the retracting direction. be able to.
  In the tool holder mounting device of claim 5,In addition to the effect of the tool holder mounting device of claim 1, when the tool holder is mounted, the protrusions and protrusions of the plurality of clamp pawl members are attached as fulcrums by the movement of the lock rod in the retracting direction. The diameter of the tip is expanded against the biasing force of the biasing means, the steel ball and the support member are moved in the pull-in direction, and the ball is pushed out in the radial direction by the first inclined surface in the initial stage of pulling in the lock rod. After the end portion is guided to the rear side of the housing recess of the guide shaft member and the tips of the plurality of clamp claw members are expanded in diameter, the engagement surfaces of the plurality of clamp claw members are engaged with the engagement surfaces of the hollow taper shank. When the lock rod is retracted in a state where the plurality of clamp pawl members and the support member cannot be moved, the sphere is pushed in the radial direction by the second inclined surface, and the locking surfaces of the plural clamp pawl members are inserted into the taper shank. It can be firmly engaged in the locking surface.
  When removing the tool holder, the sphere is moved inward by moving the lock rod in the direction opposite to the retracting direction, releasing the radial push by the second inclined surface, and a plurality of clamp claws The tip of the member is reduced in diameter by the elastic force of the biasing means, and the tool holder can be pushed out by a plurality of clamp pawl members.
  In the tool holder mounting device according to claim 6,A through-hole is formed in the center of the lock rod and guide shaft member, and the tip of the lock rod is fitted into the rear end of the guide shaft member, so that fluid such as coolant, compressed air, oil mist, etc. can be passed to the tool holder side. Can be supplied easily and reliably.
  In the tool holder mounting device according to the seventh aspect, since the force-intensifying means increases the pulling force of the lock rod and transmits it to the support member, the tool holder can be firmly clamped to the spindle side.
  In the tool holder mounting device according to the eighth aspect of the present invention, the sphere is moved to the outside by pushing the lock rod and pressed against the inclined surface of the clamp member, so that the pulling force of the support member can be easily and reliably increased. it can.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal front view showing a state when an unclamp of an embodiment of a tool holder mounting device of the present invention.
2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which the tool holder mounting device of FIG. 1 is clamped. FIG.
3 is a front view showing the tool holder mounting device of FIG. 1 with a main shaft end body removed. FIG.
4 is a perspective view showing a clamp claw presser, a guide shaft member, and a clamp claw member of the tool holder mounting device of FIG. 1. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
11 Spindle part
13 Clamp unit
15 Drive mechanism
17 Lock rod
17c recess
19 Support tube
19d outer peripheral groove
21 Clamp sleeve
21a First inclined surface
21b Second inclined surface
23 Clamp claw presser
25 Guide shaft
25d storage recess
25e Guide shaft
27 Clamp claw
27a Protrusion
27b Projection
27d engagement surface
29 Steel balls
31 Ring spring
43 Booster mechanism
47 Tool holder
47a Hollow taper shank
47c Hollow part
47d Locking surface
49 Spindle end
49a taper hole

Claims (8)

The hollow taper shank (47a) of the tool holder (47) is inserted into the taper hole on the main shaft (11) side, the outer surface of the hollow taper shank (47a) and the inner surface of the taper hole are brought into contact with each other, and in the tool holder mounting device for mounting the main shaft part (11) side the main spindle section an end face (11) is abutted against the end face of the side the tool holder (47) of the tool holder (47),
A lock rod (17) which is Chakusetsu capable mounted to the drive means (15) arranged to the main shaft portion (11) rear end is disposed within the main shaft part (11),
A protrusion (27a) supported swingably on the side of the lock rod (17) is formed at the rear end portion, and on a locking surface (47d) provided on the inner surface of the hollow portion of the hollow taper shank (47a). A plurality of clamp claws (27) in which an engaging surface (27d) to be engaged is formed on the outer side of the tip part and a protruding part (27b) protruding inward is formed ;
An urging means (31) for urging the distal ends of the plurality of clamp pawl members (27) in the direction of diameter reduction;
A hole (25b) into which the front end of the lock rod (17) is inserted is formed in the rear end, and the main shaft (11) is disposed inside the plurality of clamp pawl members (27) arranged concentrically. It is arranged fixed to the side housing recess protrusion formed on the inner side of the plurality of clamping claw members (27) (27b) is housed in the reduced径時of the plurality of clamping claw members (27) (25d) And a guide shaft member (25) formed on the outer periphery ,
The movement of the lock rod (17) in the retracting direction moves the plurality of clamp pawl members (27) in the retracting direction, and the protrusions (27b) of the plural clamp pawl members (27) are the guide shaft members. After the distal end portions of the plurality of clamp claw members (27) are expanded by being guided to the rear side of the storage recess (25d) of (25), the engagement surfaces (27d) of the plurality of clamp claw members (27) ) Is engaged with the locking surface (47d) of the hollow taper shank (47a) . In the tool holder mounting device according to claim 1,
A steel ball (29) partially accommodated in a recess (17c) formed in the lock rod (17);
A through-hole (19c) is formed on the outside of the lock rod (17) and into which the steel ball (29) is fitted, and the lock rod (17) is moved through the steel ball (29). A support member (19) to be moved;
Further comprising
When the tool holder (47) is mounted, the plurality of clamp pawl members are moved via the steel ball (29) and the support member (19) by moving the lock rod (17) in the retracting direction. (27) is moved in the pull-in direction, and the projections (27b) of the plurality of clamp claw members (27) are guided to the rear side of the storage recesses (25d) of the guide shaft member (25), thereby the plurality of clamps. After the tip of the claw member (27) is expanded in diameter, the engagement surfaces (27d) of the plurality of clamp claw members (27) are engaged with the locking surfaces (47d) of the hollow taper shank (47a). ,
When removing the tool holder (47), the distal ends of the plurality of clamp pawl members (27) are moved by the biasing means (31) by moving the lock rod (17) in the direction opposite to the retracting direction. ), And the tool holder (47) is pushed out by the plurality of clamp pawl members (27) . In the tool holder mounting device according to claim 1 or 2,
A tapered hole on the main shaft portion (11) side is formed in a main shaft end body (49) removably fixed to an end surface of the main shaft main body, and a clamp member (21) is directly or indirectly attached to the main shaft end body (49). A tool holder mounting device characterized by being fixed in a fixed manner. The tool holder mounting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The plurality of clamp pawl members (27) include protrusions (27f) that abut on the tapered hole side on the main shaft portion (11) side on the outer side on the rear end side, and in the retracting direction of the lock rod (17). , The tip portion is enlarged in diameter against the urging force of the urging means (31) with the protrusion (27f) and the protrusion (27a) as fulcrums.
A tool holder mounting device characterized by that. In the tool holder mounting device according to claim 1,
A steel ball (29) partially accommodated in a recess (17c) formed in the lock rod (17);
A through-hole (19c) is formed on the outside of the lock rod (17) and into which the steel ball (29) is fitted, and the lock rod (17) is moved through the steel ball (29). A support member (19) to be moved;
A spindle end body (49a) having a shape corresponding to the tapered surface (47f) on the outer periphery of the hollow taper shank (47a) is formed and is detachably fixed to the end face of the spindle portion (11). 49),
A clamp claw presser (23) fixed to the spindle end (49);
A clamp member (21) fixed via the clamp pawl presser (23),
The plurality of clamp pawl members (27) have a protrusion (27a) and a projection (27f) supported by the support member (19) through the clamp pawl presser (23) so as to be swingable at the rear end. A projection that is formed on the outer surface of the tip portion and has an engagement surface (27d) that engages with a locking surface (47d) provided on the inner surface of the hollow portion of the hollow taper shank (47a). A portion (27b) is formed and is fixed directly or indirectly to the main shaft end body (49);
The guide shaft member (25) has a through hole (25a) formed in the axial direction, a hole (25b) into which the front end of the lock rod (17) is inserted, and is formed concentrically. Protrusions (27b) formed on the inner side of the plurality of clamp pawl members (27) and arranged on the inner side of the main shaft end body (49) side. ) Is formed on the outer periphery of the storage recess (25d) that is received when the plurality of clamp pawl members (27) are reduced in diameter.
Due to the movement of the lock rod (17) in the retracting direction, the urging force of the urging means (31) is resisted with the projections (27f) and the protrusions (27a) of the plurality of clamp claw members (27) as fulcrums. Then, the diameter of the tip portion is increased, and the steel ball (29) and the support member (19) are moved in the retracting direction, so that the protrusion (27b) is accommodated in the housing recess (25d) ), The front end portions of the plurality of clamp claw members (27) are expanded in diameter, and then the engagement surfaces (27d) of the plurality of clamp claw members (27) are moved to the hollow taper shank (47a). The tool holder mounting device is engaged with a locking surface (47d). In the tool holder mounting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A through hole (17a, 25a) is formed in the center of the lock rod (17) and the guide shaft member (25), and a front end portion of the lock rod (17) is a rear end portion of the guide shaft member (25). Inserted into
A tool holder mounting device characterized by that. The tool holder mounting device according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
After the engaging surfaces (27d) of the plurality of clamp pawl members (27) are engaged with the engaging surfaces (47d) of the hollow taper shank (47a), the pulling force of the lock rod (17) is increased. Further comprising a force-intensifying means (43) for transmitting to the support member (19).
A tool holder mounting device characterized by that. The tool holder mounting device according to claim 7,
The force-increasing means (43)
A through hole (19c) formed in the support member (19);
A sphere (29) disposed in the through hole (19c);
A recess (17c) formed on the outer periphery of the lock rod (17) and in which a part of the sphere (29) is located;
A first inclined surface (21a) which is disposed outside the support member (17) and fixed to the main shaft (11) side, and is inclined from the front side of the sphere (29) toward the sphere (29). ), And a clamp member (21) having a second inclined surface (21b) set to be larger than the angle of the first inclined surface (21a)
Consists of
The force-intensifying means (43) pushes out the sphere (29) in the radial direction by the first inclined surface (21a) at the initial stage of pulling in the lock rod (17), and the plurality of clamp pawl members (27). The lock in a state where the plurality of clamp pawl members (27) and the support member (19) cannot move after the locking surface (27d) abuts the locking surface (47d) of the hollow taper shank (47a). When the rod (17) is retracted, the sphere (29) is pushed in the radial direction by the second inclined surface (21b), and the locking surfaces (27d) of the plurality of clamp pawl members (27) are moved to the tapered shank ( 47a) is firmly engaged with the locking surface (47d).
A tool holder mounting device characterized by that.

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