JP4781513B2 - Concrete manufacturing method and concrete manufacturing apparatus - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, a raw material made of gravel, sand, cement, kneaded water and an admixture are divided into a plurality of batches and directly put into a drum of a concrete mixer truck to rotate the drum, The present invention relates to a concrete manufacturing method for obtaining required concrete in a drum of a concrete mixer truck, and a concrete manufacturing apparatus used for carrying out this method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As shown in FIG. 9, a conventional concrete manufacturing apparatus, that is, a batcher plant, includes a concrete mixing mixer 50 arranged at a predetermined height. A concrete mixer truck CV is placed under the concrete mixing mixer 50, and the concrete manufactured by the concrete mixing mixer 50 is supplied to the concrete mixer truck CV via the concrete hopper 51 by gravity. ing.
[0003]
Such a batcher plant is well known in the art and will not be described in detail. However, as shown in FIG. A weighing device 60 including a weighing machine 62 and a cement weighing machine 63 is disposed, and a material storage bin device 70 including a gravel storage bin 71, a sand storage bin 72, a cement storage bin 73, and the like is provided thereabove. The concrete kneading mixer 50, the weighing device 60, and the material storage bin device 70 are provided in a layered structure assembled at a predetermined height above the ground. On the other hand, an air transport pipe 81 extending to the cement storage bin 73 is provided below the cement storage silo 80 installed on the ground. Similarly, a first aggregate receiving belt conveyor 93 arranged substantially horizontally is provided below an aggregate storage silo 90 comprising a sand storage silo 91, a gravel storage silo 92 and the like installed on the ground. The first aggregate receiving belt conveyor 93 is connected to the sorting device 95 via the second aggregate receiving belt conveyor 94 arranged in an inclined manner. Therefore, the gravel and sand sent from the aggregate storage silo 90 by the first and second aggregate receiving belt conveyors 93 and 94 are distributed to the gravel storage bin 71 and the sand storage bin 72 by the sorting device 95, respectively.
[0004]
Since the conventional batcher plant is generally configured as described above, concrete is manufactured as follows and supplied to the concrete mixer truck CV. That is, the cement pressure blower 82 is activated to transport an appropriate amount of cement in the cement silo 80 to the cement storage bin 73. Similarly, the gravel and sand of the aggregate storage silo 90 are conveyed and stored in the storage bins 71 and 72 by the first and second aggregate receiving belt conveyors 93 and 94, respectively. The open / close gates of the respective storage bins 71 to 73 are opened and supplied to the cement weighing machine 63, the gravel weighing machine 62 and the sand weighing machine 61, and a predetermined amount of cement, sand and gravel are measured. On the other hand, the total of the kneaded water and the admixture measured by the admixture meter 100 is measured by the water meter 101. Then, concrete is manufactured in a short time by putting the measured concrete raw material into the concrete mixing mixer 50 that is activated. After the completion of the kneading, the concrete kneading mixer 50 is opened and supplied to the distributed concrete mixer truck CV through the concrete hopper 51 by gravity.
[0005]
As described above, the conventional batcher plant can also produce concrete and has various advantages. For example, the storage bin device 70, the metering device 60, and the concrete mixing mixer 50 are arranged in the vertical direction, so that there is an advantage that concrete raw materials, manufactured concrete, and the like can be sequentially transferred by gravity. In addition, the manufactured concrete can be supplied in a short time to a drum of a concrete mixer truck CV that is dispatched for shipment. In particular, since it is kneaded by a dedicated concrete kneading mixer 50, when supplying aggregate, cement, kneaded water and admixture to the mixer, there are some restrictions on the order of feeding, the feeding method, etc., but there are no particular restrictions. There are also advantages. However, there are many problems. For example, the conventional batcher plant includes a mixer 50 for mixing concrete, and the weighing device 60, the storage bin device 70, and the like are disposed above the mixer 50 for concrete mixing. There is. If it becomes high, since the conveyance distance from the aggregate storage silo 90 or cement silo 80 generally provided on the ground to the storage bin device 70 becomes long, the construction cost of the batcher plant becomes high and the power cost for conveying the concrete raw material at the same time. Will become bulky. Furthermore, since the dedicated concrete kneading mixer 50 is provided, the power consumption is large, and there is a serious problem of maintenance and inspection of the concrete kneading mixer 50, for example, cleaning after operation. In addition, the conventional batcher plant is also being automated, but has a problem that it cannot be completely unmanned because it is equipped with a concrete mixing mixer 50 and requires a special operator to monitor it.
[0006]
In view of this, the present applicant has proposed a concrete manufacturing method capable of manufacturing concrete without installing a fixed concrete mixing mixer according to Japanese Patent Application No. 11-288160. This concrete production method is a production method for producing the required concrete by directly supplying and feeding concrete raw materials, such as measured gravel, sand and cement, kneaded water and admixture to the concrete mixer truck, When using a single common conveyor device such as a belt conveyor and discharging concrete materials such as gravel, sand, cement, etc., which have already been weighed onto this conveyor device, on the surface of the conveyor device, The amount of discharge from the metering machine and the discharge start and end times are controlled so that the material is a belt-like laminated cross section according to each mixing ratio, and the cement is the uppermost layer or the middle layer of gravel and sand aggregate, This material, which is almost completely laminated and dispersed in a belt shape, is fed directly into a concrete mixer truck, and a valve that can adjust the flow rate of kneaded water and admixture that have been measured is provided. Pipe was charged directly to the concrete mixer truck through was, the drum of each material injection after a predetermined time the concrete mixer truck driving is switched to the high-speed rotation, is configured to obtain the required concrete.
[0007]
Therefore, according to the above-mentioned invention proposed by the present applicant, cement enters between gravel and sand, and premixing of concrete raw materials composed of gravel, sand, and cement having different specific gravity and particle size is performed. As a result, even if there is no fixed concrete mixing mixer, the concrete mixer truck can obtain concrete of a predetermined quality, and the cement is in the uppermost layer or the intermediate layer, so the hygroscopic cement is transported. Since there is no mixer for mixing concrete, there is no mixer for mixing concrete, so the total height of the concrete production equipment is low, the installation area is small, and it can be configured at low cost, and the maintenance and inspection costs are also low. In addition, the concrete manufacturing equipment is equipped with a system that can centrally manage aggregate management, measurement management, shipping management, etc., and can be operated unattended. For example, a concrete mixer driver pushes a push button on the concrete manufacturing equipment to Concrete can be produced simply by putting the raw material into the drum of a concrete mixer truck. It is also, many of the effects of the like can be obtained.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, according to the invention proposed by the present applicant, a number of excellent effects as described above can be obtained, but there is no need to particularly install a mixer for concrete mixing, so the entire concrete manufacturing apparatus Can be provided at low cost and at low cost. However, there is room for improvement. For example, the drum volume of a concrete mixer truck is generally 4.5m. ³ Therefore, if a batch of weighing concrete material is put into the drum of such a large mixer truck, the measuring machine for gravel, sand, cement, etc. will be large, and concrete Although there is an effect peculiar to the above-described invention that a mixer for kneading is not required, there is a problem that the entire facility becomes large as it is.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a concrete manufacturing method and a concrete manufacturing apparatus capable of obtaining a high-quality concrete while the entire concrete manufacturing apparatus can be configured at low cost and in other words, relatively inexpensively. An object of the present invention is to provide a concrete production method and a concrete production apparatus capable of directly producing high-quality concrete with a large-volume concrete mixer truck by using a small gravel, sand, cement, and the like obtained.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In general, in order to obtain a specific amount and quality of concrete, gravel, sand, cement, kneading water and an admixture that are weighed according to the composition calculated according to each quality are put into a concrete kneading mixer. Although it is obtained by kneading for a predetermined time, in order to obtain a predetermined high quality concrete, each material must be homogeneously dispersed in a concrete kneading mixer. Specifically, it is necessary that gravel and sand are evenly dispersed in a cement slurry in which kneaded water and cement are uniformly dispersed, that is, a paste. To that end, the mixing function of the concrete mixing mixer is of course the order in which the raw materials are put into the concrete mixing mixer is also an important factor, and usually gravel, sand, cement, mixing water and Although the admixture has a slight time shift, it is obtained by charging substantially simultaneously and kneading for a predetermined time. Alternatively, the cement, the kneading water, and the admixture are respectively added and kneaded over a predetermined time with a slight delay. The properties of the concrete when kneaded in this way are as follows: Concrete mixing method model diagram {Takemoto Uomoto, “Fundamental research on concrete mixing method by division method”, Concrete Engineering, Volume 20, No9, Sept, 1982} in FIG. 7 as indicated by Ab.
[0010]
By the way, depending on the capacity of the concrete production facility, a so-called multiple batch system is conceivable in which concrete raw materials are measured in a plurality of times and charged into a concrete mixing mixer. At this time, after all the gravel, sand, cement, kneading water, admixture, etc. weighed as blended in the preceding batch are put into a concrete kneading mixer, kneaded for a predetermined time and finished kneading into the required concrete, When the next batch of metered gravel, sand, cement, kneading water, admixture, etc. is charged, the charged concrete raw material comes into contact with the cement slurry in the preceding concrete before being dispersed by the mixer function. Since cement slurry has a high specific gravity and a high viscosity, it is difficult to disperse the concrete raw material put into the slurry, and in particular, a part of cement and sand having a small particle diameter come into contact with the water of the cement slurry in contact with water. Aggregates due to the surface tension of the cement, and so-called mortar lumps of cement and sand partially occur, and further aggregates to coarse aggregate or gravel. This state is shown in Db of FIG. Once the lumps occur, the capillary state is obtained as shown in FIG. The bond strength of this dama is strong and will not be destroyed unless a strong shearing force is applied for a long time. Therefore, the concrete kneaded in such a state does not disperse each raw material evenly, and a lot of dama is mixed. Therefore, high-quality concrete cannot be obtained.
[0011]
Therefore, only gravel, sand and cement weighed in each preceding batch are put into a concrete kneading mixer, so-called empty kneading, and the total amount of kneading water and admixture for each batch is put in the final batch. A kneading method of kneading can be considered. However, this kneading method has a drawback that the kneading water and the admixture must be added over time, and the kneading time becomes long. When kneading water and an admixture are added in a short time in order to shorten the kneading time, the kneading water is not evenly dispersed, and cement or sand, and even gravel aggregates, as shown in Db of FIG. In this case, high-quality concrete cannot be obtained.
[0012]
On the other hand, in each of the preceding batches, when all the gravel, sand and cement weighed are added, and only a part of the kneading water and admixture is less than the required amount, and kneaded, The kneaded material at this time is in a state indicated by Aa, Ba or Ca in FIG. That is, due to the small amount of water added, cement and sand are partially granulated in the state of Aa, and most of cement and sand are granulated in the state of Ba and begin to adhere to the surface of the gravel or coarse aggregate. In this case, the state of Ca is a state in which paste and mortar are attached around the coarse aggregate. In such a state, there is no cement slurry in the gravel and sand gaps. Therefore, even if weighed gravel, sand, and cement are added in the next batch, there is no cement slurry water, so these concrete raw materials do not partially agglomerate and are well mixed and dispersed with the previous kneaded material. Is done. In such a state, when the remaining kneading water and the total amount of the admixture are added and kneaded in the final batch, a homogeneous concrete with no lumps is obtained.
[0013]
The amount of the kneading water and the admixture in the preceding batch is most preferably the amount that is in the state shown in Ba or Ca in FIG. In such a state, most cement and sand are granulated and begin to adhere to the surface of gravel or coarse aggregate, but the granulated material is destroyed by friction, impact, etc. during mixing, and in the final batch When the entire amount of the remaining kneading water and admixture is added and kneaded, each raw material is evenly dispersed in the concrete, there is no lumps, and there is little breathing, that is, floating water, and a high quality concrete can be obtained.
[0014]
As described above, the cause of the granulation phenomenon is a binding force due to water contained between the powder materials, and this binding force is a void ratio which is a volume ratio of a water retention amount to a void volume between particles rather than a moisture content. It is said to be determined by saturation and suction potential. When water is added to the powder material, if the capillary state is as shown in FIG. 8D, it is about three times as much as the pendular state as shown in FIG. 8B. It is said that it has a tensile strength of. However, this is a case where the degree of air gap saturation is 100%, and in the funicular state as shown in FIG. 8C in which an air gap is left inside, the state is intermediate between the capillary and the pendula. . In addition, since the binding force is inversely proportional to the particle size, the binding force increases as the particle size decreases. However, when the void saturation of the granulated product is small, it is granulated by friction, impact, etc. during kneading, and constantly changes to a new granulated product with higher void saturation. The high degree of void saturation of the granulated powder means that the voids between the particles are sufficiently filled with water, and the amount of entrained air is very small.
For this reason, if the porosity of the granulated product with a small particle diameter obtained by adding less than the required amount of water and kneading is high, then all the required water was added and kneaded. In such a case, it is considered that a sufficient amount of water flows between the particles, the large particles are evenly dispersed, the amount of air entrained is small, and as a result, a kneaded product with low breathing and high fluidity is obtained. The same applies when mixing and kneading concrete raw materials.
[0015]
The present invention was made on the basis of the above kneading principle, granulation phenomenon theory, experiment, etc., and the aforementioned object of the present invention is to divide gravel, sand, cement, kneading water and admixture into multiple times. Weigh in batches and feed directly into the concrete mixer truck. At this time, kneading water and admixture are added in batches to a very small amount obtained by subtracting a predetermined amount from the blended amount, that is, the amount weighed as blended. In the final batch, the kneading water and the admixture are achieved by charging and kneading the whole amount of a predetermined amount reduced in the preceding batch. In other words, in the preceding batch, the kneading water and the admixture are added in an amount reduced by a predetermined amount from the blending amount and kneaded in the absence of cement slurry. The previous product is mixed with concrete material consisting of the next batch of weighed gravel, sand and cement, and kneaded water and admixture in an amount reduced by a predetermined amount from the blended amount for this weighed concrete material. This is accomplished by mixing and, in the final batch, being configured to add and knead the entire amount of kneading water and admixture reduced in the preceding batch.
[0016]
That is, in order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 of the present application is not provided with a fixed mixer for mixing concrete, At a set rate Gravel, sand and cement Blended Production of concrete raw material, kneaded water and admixture divided into batches and directly put into the drum of a concrete mixer truck to rotate the drum to obtain the required concrete in the drum of the concrete mixer truck In the preceding batch, the concrete raw material is Mix in the above proportion Add the total amount weighed, kneading water and admixture, the amount obtained by subtracting the prescribed amount from the blended amount for the concrete material, and mix in the final batch. Mix in the above proportion Add the total amount weighed, kneading water and admixture, the amount obtained by subtracting the predetermined amount from the blended amount for the above-mentioned concrete raw material, and knead, and then add the total amount of the predetermined amount subtracted in each preceding batch and final batch It is configured to obtain the required concrete by charging and kneading. Invention of Claim 2 does not install the mixer for stationary concrete mixing, At a set rate Gravel, sand and cement Blended Production of concrete raw material, kneaded water and admixture divided into batches and directly put into the drum of a concrete mixer truck to rotate the drum to obtain the required concrete in the drum of the concrete mixer truck In the preceding batch, the concrete raw material is Mix in the above proportion Add the total amount weighed, kneading water and admixture, the amount obtained by subtracting the prescribed amount from the blended amount for the concrete material, and mix in the final batch. Mix in the above proportion The total amount of the kneaded water and the admixture are mixed with the measured amount of the concrete raw material and the total amount of the predetermined amount reduced in each preceding batch and kneaded to obtain the required concrete. . The invention of claim 3 is driven to rotate at high speed by switching the drum of the concrete mixer truck of claim 1 or 2 to high speed rotation for a predetermined time after charging the concrete raw material, kneaded water and admixture. Configured to do. The invention according to claim 4 is a concrete raw material metering device composed of gravel, sand and cement, a kneading water and admixture metering device, Control these Comprising a control device, said concrete raw material measuring device Is Controls to measure a specified amount of concrete raw material in multiple batches and feed it directly into the drum of a concrete mixer truck Is , At this time, gravel, sand and cement are blended at a set ratio in each batch, The kneading water and admixture metering device Is In each case, an amount obtained by subtracting a predetermined amount from the blending amount with respect to the concrete raw material charged in batches is added, and in the final batch, the total amount of the blending amount with respect to the measured concrete raw material and the predetermined amount subtracted in each preceding batch. Control to throw Be done Configured as follows. According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a metering device for kneaded water and an admixture according to a fourth aspect, a metering device for metering the kneaded water and the admixture, and a kneaded kneaded product discharged from the metering device. The temporary storage tank which stores water and an admixture, the said temporary storage tank is selected as the magnitude | size which can store the whole quantity of the compounding quantity with respect to the concrete raw material thrown in batch, and is described in Claim 6. In the invention, the metering device for kneaded water and admixture according to claim 4 is selected so that the total amount of the blending amount with respect to the total amount of the concrete raw material charged batchwise can be metered at one time. The kneaded water and the admixture that are metered by the machine are configured such that a batch controlled amount is introduced into the drum of the concrete mixer truck.
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the concrete manufacturing apparatus will be described. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the entire concrete manufacturing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the concrete manufacturing apparatus is located at a substantially central portion of FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, a material charging chute 1 provided at a higher position than the concrete mixer truck CV to be dispatched is provided. Then, a concrete raw material made of aggregate, gravel, cement, etc., kneaded water, and an admixture are directly fed from the material charging chute 1 to the drum of the concrete mixer truck CV arranged below. It has become. Thus, according to the present embodiment, the concrete raw material, the kneading water, and the admixture are directly put into the drum of the concrete mixer truck CV, so that a dedicated concrete kneading mixer like the conventional batcher plant is used. do not need.
[0018]
In order to supply gravel and sand to such a material charging chute 1, in this embodiment, a belt conveyor 2 for raw material charging, which is provided obliquely on an ascending slope, is provided. Corresponding to the belt conveyor 2, a gravel weighing machine 10a having a conventionally well-known form for weighing gravel on the upstream side thereof, and a conventionally well-known sand weighing machine 10b for weighing sand on the downstream side thereof, respectively. Is provided. A gravel storage bin 12a is provided above the gravel weighing machine 10a via a gate 11a, and a sand storage bin 12b is similarly provided above the gravel weighing machine 10b via a gate 11b. In addition, a bifurcated damper, that is, a common damper 13 is provided above them. By switching the common damper 13 as appropriate, the gravel and sand conveyed by the vertical belt conveyor 14 are distributed and stored in the gravel storage bin 12a and the sand storage bin 12b. According to the present embodiment, the concrete raw material made of gravel, sand, and cement is weighed in a plurality of batches, so that these weighing machines 10a and 10b are smaller than conventional ones. Can be implemented. Therefore, the gravel storage bin 12a and the like are also downsized as necessary.
[0019]
According to the present embodiment, the cement silo 3 for storing cement supplied from a cement pump by a pumping pipe is installed on the ground GL below the belt conveyor 2. The layered structure supporting the belt conveyor 2, gravel storage bin 12a, sand storage bin 12b, gravel weighing machine 10a, sand weighing machine 10b, vertical belt conveyor 14, cement storage bin 12c, cement weighing machine 10c, etc. Although not shown in FIG. 1, a gravel weighing machine 10a and a gravel storage bin 12a are disposed above the cement silo 3, and a sand weighing machine 10b and a sand storage bin 12b are three-dimensionally compact in parallel therewith. It is supported. The ground hopper 5 is provided at a position dug down from the ground GL by a predetermined amount so that gravel or sand can be unloaded from the dump truck DV carrying the sand by gravity. A vertical belt conveyor 14 extends from the ground hopper 5 to the bifurcated damper 13. Such a ground hopper 5 is shared with gravel and sand, and the gravel and sand are conveyed to the bifurcated damper 13 by the vertical belt conveyor 14 and are put into the respective storage bins by switching the damper. .
[0020]
The cement weighing machine 10c is disposed above the material charging chute 1, and a cement storage bin 12c is similarly provided above the cement weighing machine 10c via a gate. As a result, the cement to be weighed is fed by gravity from the cement storage bin 12c to the cement weighing machine 10c and from the cement weighing machine 10c to the drum of the concrete mixer truck CV. A first screw conveyor 6 extending in the horizontal direction is provided at the bottom of the cement silo 3, and a second screw conveyor extending vertically from the terminal end of the first screw conveyor 6 to above the cement storage bin 12c. 7 is provided. Thereby, the cement in the cement silo 3 arranged on the ground GL is conveyed to the cement storage bin 12c arranged at a predetermined height.
[0021]
The concrete manufacturing apparatus is provided with a water meter 20 and an admixture meter as in the conventional batcher plant. The water metering machine 20 is supplied with kneaded water pumped by a water metering pump 21 through a pipe line 22. The kneaded water weighed by the water meter 20 is stored in the temporary water tank 24. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the admixture meter comprises an admixture metering flow meter 31 and an admixture metering confirmation graduated cylinder 32. The admixture pumped by the admixture metering diaphragm pump 33 is weighed by the admixture metering flow meter 31, confirmed by the admixture metering confirmation graduated cylinder 32, and stored in the temporary water tank 24. A flow rate control valve 26 whose flow rate is controlled by a control device 25 is provided below the temporary water storage tank 24 so that a predetermined amount of kneaded water and an admixture are supplied to the material charging chute 1 through a conduit 27. It has become.
[0022]
Next, an example of manufacturing concrete according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. In addition, although the control apparatus 25 is also provided in the manufacturing apparatus of this concrete, it can manufacture automatically, but in order to simplify description, it demonstrates in the form where automatic and manual mixed. The vertical belt conveyor 14 distributes gravel and sand into gravel and sand storage bins 12a and 12b, respectively. The cement is stored in the cement storage bin 12c by the first and second screw conveyors 6 and 7. The mixing ratio of gravel, sand, and cement, which are concrete raw materials, is set by the control device 25 (step S1). In step S2, the total amount M of the concrete raw material to be put into the drum of the concrete mixer truck CV is set. Then, the batch number (n) of how many batches the total amount M of the concrete raw material is charged and the concrete raw material (M ₁ , M ₂ M _n ) Is set (step S3). These set concrete raw materials M ₁ , M ₂ M _n In this, gravel, sand and cement are contained in a set blending ratio.
[0023]
Regarding the kneading water and the admixture, in step S1 ′, the mixing ratio of the kneading water and the admixture to the concrete raw material is set, and in step S2 ′, the total amount M of the concrete raw material set in step S2 is set. The total amount Qw + Qk of kneading water and admixture is set. In step S3 ′, the number of batches n and the amounts of kneading water and admixture to be weighed in each batch (Qw ₁ , Qk _1, Qw ₂ , Qk ₂ Qw _n , Qk _n ) Is set. The above-mentioned setting can also be set by the concrete mixer truck CV driver at the concrete raw material input site, but in this embodiment, for example, the quality and quantity of the ordered concrete from the central control room away from the site. Correspondingly, the operation is set remotely.
[0024]
The concrete mixer truck CV is dispatched into the surrounding wall W. Next, for example, the driver of the concrete mixer truck CV presses the start switch button of the control device 25. Then, according to the control signal from the control device 25, the gravel weighing machine 10a, the sand weighing machine 10b, and the cement weighing machine 10c are appropriately driven to set the first batch of the concrete raw material M with the blending ratio set. ₁ Are weighed (step S4). The kneaded water is metered (Qw) by the water meter 20 and the admixture by the admixture metering flow meter 31, respectively. ₁ , Qk ₁ ) (Step S4 ′) and then weighed kneaded water Qw ₁ And admixture Qk ₁ Is discharged from the weighing machine 20 and stored in the temporary water tank 24 (step S4 ″).
[0025]
In step S5, the concrete raw material M ₁ The gravel and sand are transported by the belt conveyor 2 and are switched through the material charging chute 1 to the drum of the concrete mixer truck CV which is switched to high speed rotation and rotating at high speed. Similarly, the cement weighed by the cement weighing machine 10c is put into the drum of the concrete mixer truck CV. At substantially the same time, the flow control valve 26 opens for a predetermined time, and a very small amount Δ (Qw + Qk) of the kneaded water and the admixture. ₁ Is put into the drum of the concrete mixer truck CV. The amount of kneading water and admixture at this time Δ (Qw + Qk) ₁ Is concrete raw material M ₁ The amount is smaller by a predetermined amount than the blending amount calculated according to the blending ratio. Input concrete raw material M ₁ And kneading water and admixture Δ (Qw + Qk) ₁ Is mixed by the high-speed rotation of the drum of the concrete mixer truck CV, and the pre-concrete product C in the absence of cement slurry, as indicated by Ba or Ca in FIG. ₁ Is obtained (steps 6 and 7).
[0026]
In step S8 of FIG. 3, the second batch of concrete raw material M ₂ Is weighed, and already in step S9 the pre-concrete product C ₁ Is put into the drum of the concrete mixer truck CV obtained as described above. In step S8 ′, the second batch of kneaded water and admixture (Qw ₂ , Qk ₂ ) Is weighed and stored (step S8 ″). The flow control valve 26 is opened for a predetermined time, and a very small amount Δ (Qw + Qk) of the kneaded water and the admixture. ₂ Is put into the drum of the concrete mixer truck CV. The amount of kneading water and admixture at this time Δ (Qw + Qk) ₂ Also, concrete raw material M ₂ The amount is smaller by a predetermined amount than the amount calculated according to the blending ratio. Input concrete raw material M ₂ Kneaded water and admixture Δ (Qw + Qk) ₂ And the existing pre-concrete product C ₁ Is mixed by the high-speed rotation of the drum of the concrete mixer truck CV, and the pre-concrete product C in the absence of cement slurry, as indicated by Ba or Ca in FIG. ₂ Is obtained (steps 10 and 11).
[0027]
In step S20, the nth batch, that is, the final batch of the concrete raw material M _n Is weighed and before concrete C _n-1 Is put into the drum of a concrete mixer truck CV. In step S20 ′, the n-th batch of kneaded water and admixture (Qw _n , Qk _n ) Is weighed and stored (step S20 ″). The flow control valve 26 is opened, and the entire amount remaining in the temporary storage tank 24 is charged into the drum of the concrete mixer truck CV (step S21). The amount is (Qw + Qk) − {Δ (Qw + Qk) ₁ + Δ (Qw + Qk) ₂ ,,, + Δ (Qw + Qk) _n-1 }. Similarly, concrete raw material M _n , Kneaded water, admixture and pre-concrete product C _n-1 Is then kneaded by the high-speed rotation of the drum of the concrete mixer truck CV. By this kneading, a high-quality concrete as shown by Bb or Cb in FIG. 7 is obtained (steps 22 and 23). The rotation speed of the drum of the concrete mixer truck CV is returned to a predetermined low speed, and the concrete mixer truck CV is moved to the concrete placement site and unloaded. The unloaded concrete mixer truck CV returns to the batcher plant and manufactures concrete in the same manner.
[0028]
The above embodiment can be variously modified. For example, in the above embodiment, the entire amount of the kneaded water and the admixture remaining in the temporary water tank 24 are charged into the drum of the concrete mixer truck CV at a time in step S21. It can also be implemented. In step S21, a small amount Δ (Qw + Qk) of the kneaded water and the admixture. _n It is also possible to carry out the mixing, kneading for a predetermined time, and charging the entire amount remaining in the temporary water storage tank 24 for kneading.
[0029]
Further, in the above embodiment, the kneaded water and the admixture are measured in synchronism with the concrete raw material, but are not necessarily measured in synchronism, and are calculated according to the mixing ratio with respect to the concrete raw material M. It is also possible to store all the amount of water at one time, put it into a very small amount for each batch, and put all the amount remaining in the temporary water tank 24 in the last batch.
[0030]
Furthermore, the concrete raw material consisting of gravel, sand and cement is charged in the entire amount weighed for each batch, and the kneading water and the admixture are weighed and fed to a very small amount in each preceding batch. The amount obtained by subtracting the amount charged to the very small amount in the preceding batch from the blending amount with respect to the total amount of the concrete raw material can also be measured and added and kneaded.
[0031]
An example thereof will be described below with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. Mixing ratio of gravel, sand and cement which are concrete raw materials, total amount of concrete raw material to be put into drum of concrete mixer truck CV, number of batches of how many batches the whole amount of concrete raw material is put into, and measurement in each batch Since the concrete raw material to be set is set as in the above-described embodiment, it will be described below from the first batch measurement. In the present embodiment, the kneading water and the admixture are set to a very small amount obtained by subtracting a predetermined amount from the blending amount with respect to the concrete raw material measured in each batch.
[0032]
The concrete mixer truck CV is dispatched into the surrounding wall W. Next, for example, the driver of the concrete mixer truck CV presses the start switch button. Then, the concrete raw material M composed of gravel, sand and cement in the first batch is obtained by the gravel weighing machine 10a, the sand weighing machine 10b and the cement weighing machine 10c. ₁ Is weighed (step T1). And gravel and sand are conveyed by the belt conveyor 2, and are switched to the drum of the concrete mixer truck CV which is switched to high speed rotation and rotating at high speed via the material input chute 1 (step T2). Similarly, the cement weighed by the cement weighing machine 10c is put into the drum of the concrete mixer truck CV (step T2). Input amount ΔQ of kneading water and admixture for the first batch by water meter 20 and admixture meter 31 ₁ Is weighed (step T1 ′). That is, the concrete raw material M measured in the first batch ₁ Amount Q for ₁ To a predetermined amount q ₁ A small amount ΔQ ₁ (Q ₁ -Q ₁ ) Is weighed. Then, it is directly put into the drum of the concrete mixer truck CV (step T2). As a result, the first batch of kneading is carried out, and the pre-concrete product C ₁ Is obtained (steps T3 and T4). Product before concrete C at this time ₁ Is the compounding amount Q ₁ ΔQ which is smaller by a predetermined amount q than ₁ Since kneading water and an admixture are added, as shown by Ba or Ca in FIG. 7, there is no cement slurry.
[0033]
In steps T5 and T6, concrete raw material M made of gravel, sand and cement in the second batch is similarly obtained. ₂ Is weighed and before concrete C ₁ Is put into the drum of the concrete mixer truck CV already contained. Similarly, the amount of kneading water and admixture of the second batch ΔQ ₂ But weighed concrete material M in the second batch ₂ Amount Q for ₂ To a predetermined amount q ₂ A small amount ΔQ ₂ (Q ₂ -Q ₂ ) Is weighed and input (steps T5 ′, 6). Then, after mixing, the second batch of pre-concrete product C ₂ Is obtained. This second batch of pre-concrete product C ₂ This state is also a state indicated by Ba or Ca in FIG.
[0034]
In step T9 of FIG. 5 (a), the concrete raw material M composed of gravel, sand and cement in the nth time, that is, the final batch. _n Is weighed and put into the drum of the concrete mixer truck CV as described above. Similarly, the concrete raw material M measured in the final batch in step T9 ′. _n Amount Q for _n To a predetermined amount q _n ΔQ less _n Quantity (Q _n -Q _n ) Kneaded water and admixture are weighed and charged (step T10). Then, they are kneaded (step T10 ′).
Subsequently, the kneading water and the admixture to be finally added are weighed and added. And it is finally kneaded. That is, in step T9 ″, the amount fed in the preceding batch from the blending amount Q for the concrete raw material M (ΔQ ₁ + ΔQ ₂ ,,, + ΔQ _n ) Is weighed and put in after some time (step T12). And it is kneaded (step T13). By this kneading, a high-quality concrete as shown by Bb or Cb in FIG. 7 is obtained (step T14). When the kneading is finished, the drum of the concrete mixer truck CV is returned to a predetermined low speed, and the concrete mixer truck CV is operated to the placement site. Thereafter, concrete is produced in the same manner.
[0035]
The second embodiment can be modified as shown in FIG. 5B. That is, in the nth batch, the concrete raw material is M as in the above embodiment. _n (Step P9), the amount of kneading water and the admixture added in each batch preceding the blending amount Q with respect to the concrete raw material M (ΔQ ₁ + ΔQ ₂ , + ΔQ _n-1 ) Is weighed (step P9 '), and mixed in a small amount in step P10 to obtain a concrete product (steps P11, 12).
[0036]
Further, in common with the first and second embodiments described above, in the final batch, gravel, sand and cement are added to the whole amount excluding the weighed cement, and the kneaded water and admixture are blended with the measured gravel and sand. The amount obtained by subtracting the predetermined amount from the amount may be added and mixed together with the remaining cement with a slight delay, and then the entire amount of the predetermined amount reduced in each preceding batch and the final batch may be added and kneaded. it can.
[0037]
In the above embodiment, the concrete is manufactured from a concrete raw material composed of gravel, sand and cement, kneaded water, and an admixture. The concrete raw material is supplemented with fly ash, blast furnace slag fine powder and the like. Obviously, it can be manufactured in the same way by adding materials. Accordingly, the concrete raw material includes auxiliary materials such as fly ash and blast furnace slag fine powder. Further, according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the measured gravel and sand are put into the drum of the concrete mixer truck CV by the belt conveyor 2, but depending on the position, the belt conveyor It is obvious that it can be implemented with a vibration feeder or a simple chute instead of 2.
[0038]
FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of the metering device for kneaded water and admixture other than those described above. The same reference numerals are given to the same elements as those in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and the same reference numerals are given the same reference numerals with a dash “′” to avoid redundant description. According to the second embodiment shown in (a), the temporary water tank 24 'has a measuring function, and the first embodiment described above is also provided by this second embodiment. The mixing water and admixture can be charged into the drum of the concrete mixer truck in substantially the same manner as in the above embodiment, but according to this embodiment, the amount of the mixing water and admixture charged in each batch is precisely subtracted. Can be controlled.
[0039]
According to the third embodiment shown in FIG. 6B, the temporary water storage tank 24 ′ of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 6A is omitted. The metering device for kneaded water and admixture in this case has the ability to measure the total amount of blended amount calculated according to the blending ratio with respect to the total amount M of the concrete raw material charged in each batch, and one batch Along with the measurement of the concrete material of the eyes, all the batches of the kneading water and the admixture are weighed, and the control valve 26 is controlled by the subtracting mechanism of the weighing device for each batch and the set amount is directly input to the concrete mixer truck together with the concrete material In the final batch, the entire remaining amount is charged and kneaded. According to this embodiment, there is a tendency that the water metering device and the admixture metering device become large, but since the volume ratio of water in the concrete raw material is relatively small, the price is not greatly affected. On the other hand, there is an advantage that the temporary storage tank 24 'is not necessary and that the amount of the kneading water and the admixture added in each batch can be accurately controlled and grasped. In FIG. 6B, the admixture is weighed and fed into the water metering device 20 after the water metering device 20 completes the measurement of the kneaded water.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, there is no need for a concrete mixing mixer placed as in the prior art, and the concrete raw material, the kneading water and the admixture are batch-measured in several batches and mixed into the concrete mixer. Since it is put into the drum of a car, the measuring machine for measuring concrete raw material can be small. Therefore, the whole concrete manufacturing apparatus can be configured at a low cost. In the preceding batch, the concrete raw material is mixed in the total amount, and the kneading water and the admixture are added to the above-mentioned measured concrete raw material by subtracting a predetermined amount and mixed. In the final batch, the concrete raw material is mixed. The raw material is the total amount weighed, and the kneading water and the admixture are the amount obtained by subtracting the predetermined amount from the blended amount of the concrete material, and then kneaded, and then the predetermined amount subtracted in each preceding batch and final batch. In order to obtain the required concrete by adding the entire amount, or in the final batch, the concrete raw material is the total amount weighed, the kneading water and the admixture are blended with the measured concrete raw material, and in each preceding batch The reduced amount of the whole amount is added and kneaded to obtain the required concrete, such as dama, breathing, etc. No high-quality concrete and can be produced directly in the concrete mixer truck. Furthermore, since there is no fixed concrete mixing mixer, the cost of maintenance and inspection is low, and a system that can centrally manage aggregate management, measurement management, shipping management, etc. provides According to the command, it is possible to produce concrete by unmanned operation, for example, a concrete mixer truck driver simply presses a push button of a concrete production apparatus and inputs a concrete raw material into the concrete mixer truck.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view schematically showing an entire concrete manufacturing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a first manufacturing example by the concrete manufacturing apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart subsequent to the flowchart shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a second manufacturing example by the concrete manufacturing apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5A is a flowchart subsequent to the second manufacturing example, and FIG. 5B is a flowchart showing a modification of the second manufacturing example.
FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing another embodiment of the metering water and admixture metering device of the concrete manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, in which (a) is the second, and (b) is It is a front view which shows 3rd Embodiment, respectively.
FIG. 7 is a model diagram showing different properties of concrete due to differences in concrete mixing method.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing different states of liquid phases between particles.
FIG. 9 is a front view schematically showing an example of a conventional concrete production plant.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Material input hopper 10a Gravel meter
10b Sand weighing machine 10c Cement weighing machine
20 Water meter 24 Temporary water tank
24 'Temporary water tank (with weighing machine) 25 Control device
31 Admixture metering flow meter
CV concrete mixer truck

Claims (6)

Without installing a fixed concrete mixer, the concrete raw material mixed with gravel, sand and cement at a set ratio, and the kneaded water and admixture are divided into multiple batches to form a drum for a concrete mixer truck. Directly throwing the drum in rotation and producing the required concrete in the drum of the concrete mixer truck,
In the preceding batch, the concrete raw material is blended and weighed in the above proportions , and the kneading water and admixture are added to the metered amount of the concrete raw material subtracted from the predetermined amount, and mixed,
In the final batch, the concrete raw material is blended and weighed in the proportions described above , and the kneading water and admixture are added to the metered concrete raw material in an amount subtracted from the predetermined amount, and then mixed. A method for producing concrete, characterized in that a predetermined amount reduced in each preceding batch and final batch is added and kneaded to obtain the required concrete. Without installing a fixed concrete mixer, the concrete raw material mixed with gravel, sand and cement at a set ratio, and the kneaded water and admixture are divided into multiple batches to form a drum for a concrete mixer truck. Directly throwing the drum in rotation and producing the required concrete in the drum of the concrete mixer truck,
In the preceding batch, the concrete raw material is blended and weighed in the above proportions , and the kneading water and admixture are added to the metered amount of the concrete raw material subtracted from the predetermined amount, and mixed,
In the final batch, the concrete raw material is mixed and weighed in the above proportions , and the kneading water and admixture are added to the measured concrete raw material and the predetermined amount reduced in each preceding batch. And kneading to obtain the required concrete.   A concrete manufacturing method in which the drum of the concrete mixer truck according to claim 1 or 2 is driven to rotate at a high speed by switching to a high speed rotation for a predetermined time after the concrete raw material, the kneaded water and the admixture are charged. Consists of a metering device for concrete raw material consisting of gravel, sand and cement, a metering device for kneaded water and admixture, and a control device that controls these ,
The metering device of the concrete material is controlled to directly put into the drum of the batchwise concrete mixer truck is metered in several times a predetermined amount of concrete material, gravel in this case each batch, sand And cement is blended in a set proportion,
The mixing water and the metering device admixtures, the amount obtained by subtracting a predetermined amount from the amount for the concrete raw materials batchwise charged with in each case to introduce a mixing amount with respect to the concrete raw material said metering in the final batch, A concrete production apparatus controlled so as to be charged with a predetermined amount of the whole amount reduced in each preceding batch.   The metering device for kneading water and admixture according to claim 4 is a meter for measuring each of the kneading water and the admixture, and a temporary storage for storing the metered kneading water and the admixture discharged from the metering device. A concrete manufacturing apparatus comprising a water storage tank, wherein the temporary water storage tank is selected to have a size capable of storing the total amount of the blending amount with respect to the concrete raw material charged in a batch.   The metering device for kneaded water and admixture according to claim 4 is selected so that the total amount of the blending amount with respect to the total amount of the concrete raw material charged batchwise can be metered at one time and is metered by the meter. A concrete production apparatus in which the kneaded water and the admixture are fed into a drum of a concrete mixer truck in a batch controlled amount.

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