JP4774694B2 - Toroidal continuously variable transmission - Google Patents

Toroidal continuously variable transmission Download PDF

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JP4774694B2
JP4774694B2 JP2004198755A JP2004198755A JP4774694B2 JP 4774694 B2 JP4774694 B2 JP 4774694B2 JP 2004198755 A JP2004198755 A JP 2004198755A JP 2004198755 A JP2004198755 A JP 2004198755A JP 4774694 B2 JP4774694 B2 JP 4774694B2
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trunnions
trunnion
swing
supported
continuously variable
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JP2006022828A (en
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大樹 西井
ペーターゼン ライナー
テンベルゲ ペータ
メーケル イエルグ
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NSK Ltd
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NSK Ltd
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Priority to CNB2005800230036A priority patent/CN100460715C/en
Priority to DE112005001589T priority patent/DE112005001589B4/en
Priority to PCT/JP2005/011831 priority patent/WO2006003886A1/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H15/00Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by friction between rotary members
    • F16H15/02Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by friction between rotary members without members having orbital motion
    • F16H15/04Gearings providing a continuous range of gear ratios
    • F16H15/06Gearings providing a continuous range of gear ratios in which a member A of uniform effective diameter mounted on a shaft may co-operate with different parts of a member B
    • F16H15/32Gearings providing a continuous range of gear ratios in which a member A of uniform effective diameter mounted on a shaft may co-operate with different parts of a member B in which the member B has a curved friction surface formed as a surface of a body of revolution generated by a curve which is neither a circular arc centered on its axis of revolution nor a straight line
    • F16H15/36Gearings providing a continuous range of gear ratios in which a member A of uniform effective diameter mounted on a shaft may co-operate with different parts of a member B in which the member B has a curved friction surface formed as a surface of a body of revolution generated by a curve which is neither a circular arc centered on its axis of revolution nor a straight line with concave friction surface, e.g. a hollow toroid surface
    • F16H15/38Gearings providing a continuous range of gear ratios in which a member A of uniform effective diameter mounted on a shaft may co-operate with different parts of a member B in which the member B has a curved friction surface formed as a surface of a body of revolution generated by a curve which is neither a circular arc centered on its axis of revolution nor a straight line with concave friction surface, e.g. a hollow toroid surface with two members B having hollow toroid surfaces opposite to each other, the member or members A being adjustably mounted between the surfaces

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Friction Gearing (AREA)

Description

この発明に係るトロイダル型無段変速機は、例えば車両(自動車)用の自動変速装置を構成する変速ユニットとして利用する。  The toroidal type continuously variable transmission according to the present invention is used as a transmission unit constituting an automatic transmission for a vehicle (automobile), for example.

自動車用の変速機としてトロイダル型無段変速機が研究され、一部で実施されているが、乗用車用としては大型で大きなトルクを発生するエンジンを組み込んだ四輪駆動車用の自動変速装置の変速ユニットとして好適な構造が、例えば特許文献1に記載されて従来から知られている。図4〜7は、この特許文献1に記載された、大排気量の四輪駆動車用のトロイダル型無段変速機を示している。このトロイダル型無段変速機1は、第一入力側ディスク2と第一出力側ディスク3との間に3個の第一パワーローラ4、4を、第二入力側ディスク5と第二出力側ディスク6との間に3個の第二パワーローラ7を、それぞれ設けて、合計6個のパワーローラ4、7により、動力の伝達を行なう様に構成している。Toroidal-type continuously variable transmissions have been studied and partially implemented as transmissions for automobiles. For passenger cars, automatic transmissions for four-wheel drive vehicles incorporating large-sized engines that generate large torque A structure suitable as a transmission unit is described in, for example, Patent Document 1 and is conventionally known. 4 to 7 show a toroidal type continuously variable transmission for a four-wheel drive vehicle with a large displacement described in Patent Document 1. This toroidal continuously variable transmission 1 includes three first power rollers 4, 4 between a first input side disk 2 and a first output side disk 3, and a second input side disk 5 and a second output side. Three second power rollers 7 are provided between the disk 6 and power is transmitted by a total of six power rollers 4 and 7.

上記自動変速装置を構成する為、動力の伝達方向に関して最も前段部には、発進クラッチであるトルクコンバータ8を設け、このトルクコンバータ8の出力部に、上記トロイダル型無段変速機1を構成する入力軸9の前半部9aを組み込んでいる。図示しない走行用エンジンの回転に伴ってこの前半部9aは、上記トルクコンバータ8により回転駆動される。そして、この前半部9aの後端部に上記入力軸9の後半部9bを、互いに同心に且つ相対回転自在に支持している。  In order to constitute the automatic transmission, a torque converter 8 that is a starting clutch is provided at the most front stage in the power transmission direction, and the toroidal continuously variable transmission 1 is constituted at the output part of the torque converter 8. The front half 9a of the input shaft 9 is incorporated. The front half portion 9a is rotationally driven by the torque converter 8 along with the rotation of a traveling engine (not shown). The rear half 9b of the input shaft 9 is supported on the rear end of the front half 9a concentrically and relatively rotatably.

そして、上記前半部9aと後半部9bとの間に、前進と後退とを切り換える為の前後進切り換えユニット10を、動力の伝達方向に関して直列に設けている。遊星歯車機構である、この前後進切り換えユニット10は、それぞれが湿式多板クラッチである前進用クラッチ11と後退用クラッチ12とを選択して断接させる事により、前進状態と後退状態とを切り換える。  And between the front half part 9a and the latter half part 9b, a forward / reverse switching unit 10 for switching between forward and backward is provided in series with respect to the transmission direction of power. This forward / reverse switching unit 10, which is a planetary gear mechanism, switches between a forward state and a reverse state by selecting and connecting a forward clutch 11 and a reverse clutch 12, each of which is a wet multi-plate clutch. .

動力の伝達方向に関して、上述の様な前後進切り換えユニット10の後側に、上記トロイダル型無段変速機1を設けている。そして、このトロイダル型無段変速機1の入力部、即ち、上記前後進切り換えユニット10の出力部につながる部分と、出力部、即ち、前輪用駆動軸13及び後輪用駆動軸14につながる部分との間の変速比を連続的に変化させる様にしている。このトロイダル型無段変速機1は、上記後半部9bの周囲に設けている。即ち、この後半部9bの前後両端部近傍に第一、第二両入力側ディスク2、5を、それぞれが断面円弧状の凹面である内側面同士を対向させた状態で、互いに同心に且つ互いに同期した回転自在に支持している。この為に図示の例では、前側(図4の左側)に設けた第一入力側ディスク2を、前記前後進切り換えユニット10を構成するキャリア15の基端部にスプライン係合させると共に、前側への移動を阻止している。これに対して、後側(図4の右側)に設けた第二入力側ディスク5は、上記後半部9bの後端部に、ボールスプライン16を介して支持している。そして、油圧式のローディング装置17により、上記第二入力側ディスク5を上記第一入力側ディスク2に向け、押圧自在としている。The toroidal continuously variable transmission 1 is provided on the rear side of the forward / reverse switching unit 10 as described above with respect to the power transmission direction. And the input part of this toroidal type continuously variable transmission 1, that is, the part connected to the output part of the forward / reverse switching unit 10 and the output part, that is, the part connected to the front wheel drive shaft 13 and the rear wheel drive shaft 14. The gear ratio between is continuously changed. The toroidal continuously variable transmission 1 is provided around the latter half 9b. That is, the first and second input side disks 2 and 5 are arranged concentrically with each other in the state in which the inner side surfaces, which are concave surfaces each having an arcuate cross section, are opposed to each other in the vicinity of both front and rear end portions of the rear half portion 9b. Synchronously and freely supported. Therefore, in the illustrated example, the first input side disk 2 provided on the front side (the left side in FIG. 4 ) is spline-engaged with the base end portion of the carrier 15 constituting the forward / reverse switching unit 10 and also moved forward. Is preventing movement. On the other hand, the second input side disk 5 provided on the rear side (right side in FIG. 4 ) is supported on the rear end portion of the rear half portion 9b via a ball spline 16. Then, the second input disk 5 is pressed toward the first input disk 2 by a hydraulic loading device 17 so as to be freely pressed.

又、前記後半部9bの中間部周囲には支持筒18を、この後半部9bと同心に設けている。この支持筒18は、ステー19、19の内径側端部により、その両端部を支持固定している。尚、これら各ステー19、19は、後述する支持環20、20にそれぞれの外径側端部を支持固定して、やはり後述する第一、第二各揺動フレーム21、22を揺動自在に支持する為の、第一、第二各支持フレーム23、24を構成する。又、上記支持筒18の内側に上記後半部9bを、この支持筒18の周囲に前記第一、第二両出力側ディスク3、6を、それぞれ回転及び軸方向の変位自在に支持している。又、これら両出力側ディスク3、6は、間に設けたスラスト軸受により、互いの間に加わるアキシアル荷重を支承しつつ、互いの相対回転を自在としている。  Further, a support cylinder 18 is provided concentrically with the latter half portion 9b around the middle portion of the latter half portion 9b. The support cylinder 18 is supported and fixed at both ends by the inner diameter side ends of the stays 19 and 19. These stays 19 and 19 support and fix their outer diameter side end portions to support rings 20 and 20 which will be described later, and can swing first and second swing frames 21 and 22 which will also be described later. The first and second support frames 23 and 24 are configured to support the above. The rear half 9b is supported inside the support cylinder 18, and the first and second output side disks 3 and 6 are supported around the support cylinder 18 so as to be freely rotatable and axially displaceable. . Further, these output side disks 3 and 6 are capable of rotating relative to each other while supporting an axial load applied between them by a thrust bearing provided therebetween.

又、上記第一出力側ディスク3の外側面側には前輪用出力歯車25を固定し、この前輪用出力歯車25と前記前輪用駆動軸13とを、前輪用従動歯車26を介して係合させ、上記第一出力側ディスク3により上記前輪用駆動軸13を回転駆動自在としている。又、この前輪用駆動軸13の回転を、前輪用デファレンシャルギヤ27を介して、図示しない前輪に伝達自在としている。一方、上記第二出力側ディスク6の外側面側には後輪用出力歯車28を固定し、この後輪用出力歯車28と前記後輪用駆動軸14とを、後輪用従動歯車29を介して係合させ、上記第二出力側ディスク6により上記後輪用駆動軸14を回転駆動自在としている。又、この後輪用駆動軸14の回転を、図示しない後輪用デファレンシャルギヤを介して、やはり図示しない後輪に伝達自在としている。  Further, a front wheel output gear 25 is fixed to the outer surface side of the first output side disk 3, and the front wheel output gear 25 and the front wheel drive shaft 13 are engaged via a front wheel driven gear 26. Thus, the front output shaft 13 can be driven to rotate by the first output side disk 3. The rotation of the front wheel drive shaft 13 can be transmitted to a front wheel (not shown) via a front wheel differential gear 27. On the other hand, a rear wheel output gear 28 is fixed to the outer surface side of the second output side disk 6, and the rear wheel output gear 28 and the rear wheel drive shaft 14 are connected to a rear wheel driven gear 29. The rear output shaft 14 can be driven to rotate by the second output side disk 6. Further, the rotation of the rear wheel drive shaft 14 can be transmitted to a rear wheel (not shown) via a rear wheel differential gear (not shown).

又、前記第一入力側ディスク2の内側面と上記第一出力側ディスク3の内側面との間には前記3個の第一パワーローラ4、4を、前記第二入力側ディスク5の内側面と上記第二出力側ディスク6の内側面との間には前記3個の第二パワーローラ7を、それぞれ挟持している。これら第一、第二各パワーローラ4、7は、それぞれ第一、第二各トラニオン30、31の内側面で、この内側面から突出した状態で設けられた各変位軸32、32の周囲に回転自在に支持している。これら第一、第二各トラニオン30、31は、それぞれの両端部に互いに同心に設けた、上記各ディスク2、5、3、6の中心軸と交差する事はないが、これら各ディスク2、5、3、6の中心軸の方向に対して直角若しくは直角に近い方向となる捻れの位置に存在する、第一、第二各枢軸33(第二枢軸は図示せず)を中心に揺動する。又、上記第一、第二各トラニオン30、31は、それぞれ第一、第二各揺動フレーム21、22の両端部に、揺動変位自在に支持している。  Further, the three first power rollers 4, 4 are arranged between the inner side surface of the first input side disk 2 and the inner side surface of the first output side disk 3. The three second power rollers 7 are respectively sandwiched between the side surface and the inner side surface of the second output side disk 6. These first and second power rollers 4 and 7 are the inner surfaces of the first and second trunnions 30 and 31, respectively, around the displacement shafts 32 and 32 provided in a state of protruding from the inner surface. It is supported rotatably. The first and second trunnions 30 and 31 do not intersect the central axes of the disks 2, 5, 3, and 6 provided concentrically with each other. Oscillates around the first and second pivots 33 (the second pivot is not shown) that exists in a twisted position that is perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the direction of the central axes of 5, 3, and 6. To do. The first and second trunnions 30 and 31 are supported at both end portions of the first and second swing frames 21 and 22 so as to be swingably displaceable.

そして、上記第一、第二各揺動フレーム21、22の中間部を前記第一、第二各支持フレーム23、24を構成する前記各支持環20、20同士の間に、各ディスク2、5、3、6の中心軸に対し平行若しくは平行に近い方向に設けられた支持軸34、34を中心とする揺動変位自在に支持している。上記第一、第二各支持フレーム23、24は、互いに平行に配置されたそれぞれ1対ずつの支持環20、20を、前記ステー19を構成する3本の支柱部35、35の外径側端部を介して互いに結合して成る。上記各支持軸34、34は、上記各支持環20、20の円周方向に関して、上記各支柱部35、35の中間位置で、上記第一、第二各支持フレーム23、24を構成する1対ずつの支持環20、20同士の間に掛け渡している。従って、上記第一、第二各揺動フレーム21、22は、円周方向に隣り合う支柱部35、35同士の間に、揺動自在に支持されている。  The intermediate portions of the first and second swing frames 21 and 22 are arranged between the support rings 20 and 20 constituting the first and second support frames 23 and 24, respectively, The support shafts 34 and 34 are provided so as to be swingable and displaceable around the support shafts 34 and 34 provided in a direction parallel to or near the parallel to the center axes of the fifth, third and sixth axes. Each of the first and second support frames 23 and 24 has a pair of support rings 20 and 20 arranged in parallel to each other on the outer diameter side of the three support columns 35 and 35 constituting the stay 19. Combining with each other through the end. The support shafts 34 and 34 constitute the first and second support frames 23 and 24 at intermediate positions of the support columns 35 and 35 with respect to the circumferential direction of the support rings 20 and 20. A pair of support rings 20, 20 are spanned between each other. Accordingly, the first and second swing frames 21 and 22 are swingably supported between the column portions 35 and 35 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction.

更に、上記第一、第二各揺動フレーム21、22を、これら各揺動フレーム21、22の両端部と上記各支持環20、20との間に設けた油圧シリンダ36a、36bにより、揺動変位自在としている。これら各油圧シリンダ36a、36bは、それぞれ上記各支持環20、20の一部で上記各揺動フレーム21、22の両端部に整合する位置に設けている。一方、上記第一、第二各揺動フレーム21、22の両端部で、上記各油圧シリンダ36a、36bに整合する部分にはロッド37a、37bを、上記各支持軸34、34と平行に、上記第一、第二各揺動フレーム21、22の両端部を貫通する状態で支持固定している。そして、上記各油圧シリンダ36a、36bに嵌装したピストン38a、38bと、上記各ロッド37a、37bとを係合させている。変速時には、上記各揺動フレーム21、22毎に2対ずつ(各揺動フレーム毎に4個ずつ、トロイダル型無段変速機1全体として合計24個)設けた油圧シリンダ36a、36bのうちの、上記各揺動フレーム21、22の長さ方向一端側に設けた一方の油圧シリンダ36a(36b)を伸長させると共に他方の油圧シリンダ36b(36a)を収縮させて、上記各揺動フレーム21、22を所定方向に所定量だけ揺動変位させる。  Further, the first and second swing frames 21 and 22 are swung by hydraulic cylinders 36a and 36b provided between both ends of the swing frames 21 and 22 and the support rings 20 and 20, respectively. It can be moved freely. Each of these hydraulic cylinders 36a, 36b is provided at a position where it is aligned with both ends of each of the swing frames 21, 22 at a part of each of the support rings 20, 20. On the other hand, rods 37a and 37b are arranged at both ends of the first and second swing frames 21 and 22 so as to be aligned with the hydraulic cylinders 36a and 36b in parallel with the support shafts 34 and 34, respectively. The first and second swing frames 21 and 22 are supported and fixed so as to penetrate both end portions. The pistons 38a and 38b fitted to the hydraulic cylinders 36a and 36b are engaged with the rods 37a and 37b. Of the hydraulic cylinders 36a, 36b provided at the time of shifting, two pairs are provided for each of the swing frames 21, 22 (four for each swing frame, a total of 24 toroidal-type continuously variable transmissions 1 as a whole). The one hydraulic cylinder 36a (36b) provided on one end side in the longitudinal direction of each swing frame 21, 22 is extended and the other hydraulic cylinder 36b (36a) is contracted, so that each swing frame 21, 22 is oscillated and displaced by a predetermined amount in a predetermined direction.

又、上記各油圧シリンダ36a、36bへの圧油の給排を制御する為の制御弁39は、前記各支持環20、20に支持している。上記各油圧シリンダ36a、36bへの圧油の給排により上記各揺動フレーム21、22が揺動変位すると、これら各揺動フレーム21、22に支持したトラニオン30、31の外側面に設けたカム面40が、上記制御弁39に付属のプランジャ41を介してこの制御弁39のスプール42を変位させ、上記制御弁39の切り換えを行なう。このスプール42と共にこの制御弁39を構成するスリーブ43は、変速時には所望の変速比を実現できる様に、制御モータ44により、所定位置に変位させておく。この様な制御弁39及び制御モータ44は、前記第一入力側ディスク2及び第一出力側ディスク3を含んで構成する第一キャビティ45側に1個、前記第二入力側ディスク5及び第二出力側ディスク6を含んで構成する第二キャビティ46側に1個、トロイダル型無段変速機1全体で2個設けている。そして、第一キャビティ45側の制御モータ44によりこの第一キャビティ45側の制御弁39を、第二キャビティ46側の制御モータ44によりこの第二キャビティ46側の制御弁39を、マイクロコンピュータを内蔵した図示しない制御器からの指令信号に基づき、互いに同期して(直進状態の場合)、或は互いに独立して(旋回状態の場合)制御する。  A control valve 39 for controlling supply and discharge of pressure oil to and from the hydraulic cylinders 36a and 36b is supported by the support rings 20 and 20, respectively. When the swing frames 21 and 22 are swung and displaced by the supply and discharge of pressure oil to and from the hydraulic cylinders 36a and 36b, they are provided on the outer surfaces of the trunnions 30 and 31 supported by the swing frames 21 and 22, respectively. The cam surface 40 displaces the spool 42 of the control valve 39 via the plunger 41 attached to the control valve 39 to switch the control valve 39. The sleeve 43 that constitutes the control valve 39 together with the spool 42 is displaced to a predetermined position by the control motor 44 so that a desired gear ratio can be realized at the time of shifting. Such a control valve 39 and a control motor 44 are provided on the first cavity 45 side including the first input side disk 2 and the first output side disk 3, and the second input side disk 5 and the second input disk 5. One is provided on the second cavity 46 side including the output side disk 6, and two are provided in the entire toroidal type continuously variable transmission 1. A control valve 39 on the first cavity 45 side is provided by the control motor 44 on the first cavity 45 side, a control valve 39 on the second cavity 46 side is provided by the control motor 44 on the second cavity 46 side, and a microcomputer is incorporated. Based on a command signal from a controller (not shown), the control is performed in synchronization with each other (in a straight traveling state) or independently of each other (in a turning state).

この様に構成する為、変速時には、上記各油圧シリンダ36a、36bへの圧油の給排に基づき、上記第一、第二各揺動フレーム21、22が、前記各支持軸34、34を中心に、所定方向に所定量だけ揺動変位する。この結果、これら各揺動フレーム21、22に支持された上記第一、第二各トラニオン30、31が、上記各支持軸34、34を中心として円弧運動(スイベル運動)をする。そして、この円弧運動に基づく上記第一、第二各トラニオン30、31の上記第一、第二枢軸33の軸方向に関する変位により、前記各パワーローラ4、7の周面と上記各ディスク2、5、3、6の内側面との転がり接触部(トラクション部)に作用する、接線方向の力の向きが変化する。そして、この力の向きの変化に伴って上記第一、第二各トラニオン30、31が、上記第一、第二各揺動フレーム21、22に枢支された第一、第二各枢軸33を中心として、互いに逆方向に揺動し、上記第一、第二各パワーローラ4、7の周面と上記各内側面との当接位置が変化して、第一、第二各入力側ディスク2、5と第一、第二各出力側ディスク3、6との間の回転速度比が変化する。  Because of this configuration, at the time of shifting, the first and second swing frames 21 and 22 are configured to move the support shafts 34 and 34 based on the supply and discharge of the pressure oil to and from the hydraulic cylinders 36a and 36b. The center is oscillated and displaced by a predetermined amount in a predetermined direction. As a result, the first and second trunnions 30 and 31 supported by the swing frames 21 and 22 perform an arc motion (swivel motion) around the support shafts 34 and 34, respectively. Then, due to the displacement of the first and second trunnions 30 and 31 in the axial direction of the first and second pivot shafts 33 based on the arc motion, the peripheral surfaces of the power rollers 4 and 7 and the disks 2 and The direction of the tangential force acting on the rolling contact portion (traction portion) with the inner surfaces of 5, 3, 6 changes. The first and second trunnions 30 and 31 are pivotally supported by the first and second swing frames 21 and 22 with the change in the direction of the force. And the first and second input sides are changed by changing the contact positions of the peripheral surfaces of the first and second power rollers 4 and 7 and the inner side surfaces. The rotational speed ratio between the disks 2 and 5 and the first and second output disks 3 and 6 changes.

上述の様に構成する従来のトロイダル型無段変速機1の運転時には、前記入力軸9の後半部9bと共に互いに同期して回転する第一、第二両入力側ディスク2、5のうち、第一入力側ディスク2から上記各第一パワーローラ4、4を介して前記第一出力側ディスク3に伝わった動力により、前記前輪用駆動軸13を回転駆動する。又、第二入力側ディスク5から上記各第二パワーローラ7を介して前記第二出力側ディスク6に伝わった動力により、後輪用駆動軸14を回転駆動する。  During operation of the conventional toroidal-type continuously variable transmission 1 configured as described above, the first and second input side disks 2 and 5 that rotate in synchronization with the rear half 9b of the input shaft 9 The front wheel drive shaft 13 is rotationally driven by the power transmitted from the one input side disk 2 to the first output side disk 3 via the first power rollers 4 and 4. Further, the rear wheel drive shaft 14 is rotationally driven by the power transmitted from the second input disk 5 to the second output disk 6 via the second power rollers 7.

ところで、上述の様なトロイダル型無段変速機の場合、このトロイダル型無段変速機を通過するトルクが急変動する際や変速比が急激に変動する際等に、この変速比が所定の値を行き過ぎてから所定の値に収束していくオーバーシュートを生じる可能性がある。そして、この様なオーバーシュートが、第一、第二各パワーローラ4、7が大きく傾斜している状態(トロイダル型無段変速機の変速比が1から大きく外れた状態)で生じると、これら各パワーローラ4、7が過度に傾斜し、これら各パワーローラ4、7の周面が第一、第二入力側、出力側各ディスク2、5、3、6の端縁に達し易くなる可能性がある。即ち、上記各パワーローラ4、7の周面と上記各ディスク2、5、3、6の内側面との転がり接触部(トラクション部)に形成される接触楕円が、これら各ディスク2、5、3、6の端縁に乗り上げ易くなり、これら各パワーローラ4、7並びに各ディスク2、5、3、6にエッジロードに基づく損傷を生じ易くなる。この様な損傷は、これら各パワーローラ4、7や各ディスク2、5、3、6の耐久性を低下させる等、好ましくない。  By the way, in the case of the toroidal type continuously variable transmission as described above, when the torque passing through the toroidal type continuously variable transmission suddenly fluctuates or when the gear ratio fluctuates rapidly, the gear ratio is a predetermined value. There is a possibility that an overshoot will occur that converges to a predetermined value after going too far. When such overshoot occurs when the first and second power rollers 4 and 7 are greatly inclined (the transmission gear ratio of the toroidal continuously variable transmission is greatly deviated from 1), The power rollers 4 and 7 may be excessively inclined, and the peripheral surfaces of the power rollers 4 and 7 may easily reach the edges of the first, second input side, and output side disks 2, 5, 3, and 6. There is sex. That is, a contact ellipse formed in a rolling contact portion (traction portion) between the peripheral surface of each of the power rollers 4 and 7 and the inner surface of each of the disks 2, 5, 3, 6 is It becomes easy to get on the edge of 3 and 6, and it becomes easy to produce the damage based on an edge load to each of these power rollers 4 and 7 and each disk 2, 5, 3, and 6. Such damage is not preferable because the durability of the power rollers 4 and 7 and the disks 2, 5, 3, and 6 is lowered.

例えば、特許文献2に記載されている様に、パワーローラを支持するトラニオンをケーシングに支持した支持板に支持する構造の場合には、この支持板等にこのトラニオンが過度に揺動するのを制限する為の衝合部材を設ける事で、このトラニオン延いてはこのトラニオンに支持した上記パワーローラが過度に傾斜する事を防止できる。但し、前述の図4 〜7に示した様な、第一、第二各トラニオン30、31を第一、第二各揺動フレーム21、22の両端部に揺動変位自在に支持した構造の場合には、上記特許文献2に記載された構造の様に各トラニオンを支持板により支持するものではない。又、上述の図4〜7に示した構造の場合は、上述の様な衝合部材を設けるスペースが制限される等、上記特許文献2に記載された構造をそのまま採用する事はできない。
又、上述の様にトロイダル型無段変速機を通過するトルクが急変動する場合に、オーバーシュートに伴って、変速比が所定の値に収束しなくなるハンチングを生じる可能性もある。この様なハンチングは、伝達効率の低下や振動を増大させる他、ドライバビリティ(走行安定性)を低下させる等、好ましくない。
For example, as described in Patent Document 2, in the case of a structure in which a trunnion that supports a power roller is supported by a support plate supported by a casing, the trunnion is excessively swung on the support plate or the like. By providing an abutting member for limiting, it is possible to prevent the trunnion and thus the power roller supported by the trunnion from being excessively inclined. However, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 7 described above, the first and second trunnions 30 and 31 are supported at both ends of the first and second swing frames 21 and 22 so as to be swingably displaceable. In such a case, each trunnion is not supported by the support plate as in the structure described in Patent Document 2 above. In the case of the structure shown in FIGS. 4 to 7 described above, the structure described in Patent Document 2 cannot be adopted as it is, for example, the space for providing the abutting member as described above is limited.
Further, when the torque passing through the toroidal-type continuously variable transmission fluctuates as described above, hunting that causes the gear ratio not to converge to a predetermined value may occur with overshoot. Such hunting is not preferable because it reduces transmission efficiency, increases vibration, and decreases drivability (running stability).

特開2001−165262号公報JP 2001-165262 A 実開平6−43404号公報Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-43404

本発明のトロイダル型無段変速機は、上述の様な事情に鑑み、パワーローラが過度に傾斜する事を防止し、優れた耐久性を有する構造を実現すべく発明したものである。  The toroidal type continuously variable transmission of the present invention has been invented to realize a structure having excellent durability by preventing the power roller from being excessively inclined in view of the above-described circumstances.

本発明のトロイダル型無段変速機は、入力側ディスク及び出力側ディスクと、複数のトラニオンと、複数のパワーローラとを備える。
このうちの入力側ディスク及び出力側ディスクは、それぞれが断面円弧形の凹面である互いの内側面同士を対向させた状態で、互いに同心に、且つ互いに独立した回転自在に支持されている。
又、上記各トラニオンは、上記入力側ディスク及び出力側ディスクの中心軸に対し捻れの位置にある枢軸を中心として揺動する。
又、上記各パワーローラは、その周面を球状凸面としたもので、上記各トラニオンに支持された状態で上記入力側ディスク及び出力側ディスク同士の間に挟持されている。
そして、上記各トラニオンの周囲に設けた支持フレームに、支持軸によりそれぞれの中間部を枢支した、上記各トラニオンと同数の揺動フレームを、アクチュエータにより揺動変位自在としている。又、これと共に、上記各トラニオンの両端部に設けた上記各枢軸を、上記各揺動フレームの両端部に揺動自在に支持している。
The toroidal continuously variable transmission of the present invention includes an input side disk and an output side disk, a plurality of trunnions, and a plurality of power rollers.
Of these, the input-side disk and the output-side disk are supported so as to be concentric with each other and rotatable independently of each other, with the inner surfaces of the concave surfaces having arcuate cross sections facing each other.
Each trunnion swings about a pivot that is twisted with respect to the central axis of the input side disk and output side disk.
Each of the power rollers has a spherical convex surface, and is sandwiched between the input side disk and the output side disk while being supported by the trunnions.
Further, the same number of swing frames as the respective trunnions, in which the respective intermediate portions are pivotally supported by support shafts provided on the support frames provided around the respective trunnions, are freely swingable and displaceable by an actuator. At the same time, the pivots provided at both end portions of the trunnions are swingably supported at both end portions of the swing frames.

特に、本発明のトロイダル型無段変速機に於いては、上記各揺動フレームと上記各トラニオンとの間に、これら各トラニオンが所定以上揺動するのを阻止する為の揺動制限手段を設けている。
この揺動制限手段は、上記各トラニオンの両端部に設けた枢軸の端面とこれら各端面に 対向する各揺動フレームの内面とにそれぞれ設けた凸部と凹部とにより構成する。即ち、 このうちの凸部をこの凹部内に、上記各トラニオンの揺動方向に関する変位を可能に挿入 した状態に組み合わせ、これら各トラニオンの揺動に基づき上記凸部の側面と上記凹部の 内面とを当接させる事により、これら各トラニオンが所定以上揺動するのを阻止する。
又、上記凸部の側面と上記凹部の内面とにより構成されて軸方向両端を塞がれた空間内 に、この空間を満たす状態にまで導入した潤滑油を、この凸部の変位に基づいてこの空間 から出入させる構成を採用する事により、上記トラニオンの揺動に対する抵抗となる抵抗 手段を設けている。
尚、上記各枢軸の端面と上記各揺動フレームの内面とのうちの何れに凸部或は凹部を設 けるかは問わない。
In particular, in the toroidal-type continuously variable transmission according to the present invention, there is provided swing limiting means for preventing the trunnions from swinging more than a predetermined distance between the swing frames and the trunnions. Provided.
This rocking | fluctuation limiting means is comprised by the convex part and recessed part which were each provided in the end surface of the pivot provided in the both ends of each said trunnion, and the inner surface of each rocking | fluctuation frame facing these each end surface . That is, the convex portion is combined with the concave portion so that the displacement in the swing direction of each trunnion is possible, and the side surface of the convex portion and the inner surface of the concave portion based on the swing of each trunnion To prevent these trunnions from oscillating more than a predetermined amount.
Also, based on the displacement of the convex portion, the lubricating oil introduced into the space constituted by the side surface of the convex portion and the inner surface of the concave portion and closed at both ends in the axial direction to fill the space. By adopting a configuration for entering and exiting from this space , a resistance means is provided which becomes a resistance against the oscillation of the trunnion .
Incidentally, no limitation is one of whether Keru setting the convex portion or concave portion of the end surface and the inner surface of each oscillating frame of the respective pivot.

上述の様に構成する本発明のトロイダル型無段変速機によれば、各揺動フレームと各トラニオンとの間に設けた揺動制限手段により、これら各トラニオン延いてはこれら各トラニオンに支持した各パワーローラが過度に傾斜する事を防止できる。即ち、これら各パワーローラが大きく傾斜している状態(トロイダル型無段変速機の変速比が1から大きく外れた状態)で、変速比が所定の値を行き過ぎてから所定の値に収束するオーバーシュートが生じる傾向となったとしても、上記各パワーローラを支持した上記各トラニオンは、上記揺動制限手段により過度に揺動するのを阻止される。この為、これら各トラニオンに支持した上記各パワーローラの周面と各ディスクの内側面との転がり接触部(トラクション部)に形成される接触楕円が、これら各ディスクの端縁に乗り上げる事はなく、これら各パワーローラ並びに各ディスクの耐久性を確保できる。  According to the toroidal type continuously variable transmission of the present invention configured as described above, each trunnion is extended and supported by each trunnion by the swing limiting means provided between each swing frame and each trunnion. Each power roller can be prevented from tilting excessively. That is, in the state where each of these power rollers is largely inclined (the transmission ratio of the toroidal type continuously variable transmission is greatly deviated from 1), the transmission ratio exceeds the predetermined value and then converges to the predetermined value. Even if the chute tends to occur, the trunnions that support the power rollers are prevented from excessively swinging by the swing limiter. For this reason, the contact ellipse formed in the rolling contact portion (traction portion) between the peripheral surface of each power roller supported by each trunnion and the inner surface of each disc does not run on the edge of each disc. The durability of each power roller and each disk can be ensured.

又、本発明の場合には、揺動制限手段を、前述の様な凸部と凹部とにより構成しているFurther, in the case of the present invention, the swing limiting means is constituted by the convex part and the concave part as described above. ので、上記各トラニオン延いてはこれら各トラニオンに支持した各パワーローラが過度にTherefore, each trunnion and each power roller supported by each trunnion is excessively 傾斜する事を防止できる構造を、単純で、しかも設置スペースを嵩ませる事なく実現できA structure that can prevent tilting is simple and can be realized without increasing the installation space. る。The
更に、抵抗手段(ダンパ手段)を設けている為、上記各トラニオン延いてはこれら各トFurther, since resistance means (damper means) are provided, each trunnion is extended to each of these torques. ラニオンに支持した各パワーローラが過剰に傾斜(不必要に振動)する事を防止できる。Each power roller supported by the lanion can be prevented from excessively tilting (unnecessarily vibrating). 即ち、急激なトルク変動等に基づき変速比が所定の値に収束しなくなるハンチングが生じIn other words, hunting that prevents the gear ratio from converging to a predetermined value occurs due to sudden torque fluctuations. る傾向となったとしても、上記各パワーローラを支持した上記各トラニオンは、上記抵抗The trunnions that support the power rollers are not resistant to the resistance. 手段を構成し、これら各トラニオンが揺動する事に対し抵抗となる潤滑油により、過剰にBy the lubricating oil that constitutes the means and resists the swinging of each trunnion 揺動するのを阻止される。この為、この様なハンチングが生じにくくなり、伝達効率の低It is prevented from swinging. For this reason, such hunting is less likely to occur and transmission efficiency is low. 下、振動の増大、更には走行安定性の低下を防止できる。In addition, it is possible to prevent an increase in vibration and a decrease in running stability.

特に本発明の場合には、上記凸部の側面と上記凹部の内面とにより構成される空間内にParticularly in the case of the present invention, in the space constituted by the side surface of the convex portion and the inner surface of the concave portion. 潤滑油を満たしている為、上記各トラニオンの揺動に伴い上記凸部が変位する際に、このSince the lubricating oil is filled, when the convex portion is displaced with the swing of each trunnion, this 凸部に上記潤滑油を掻き分ける力が加わり、この力が、上記各トラニオンを不必要に振動A force to scrape the lubricating oil is applied to the convex part, and this force unnecessarily vibrates each trunnion. するのを阻止する。この為、これら各トラニオン、延いてはこれら各トラニオンに支持しTo stop doing. For this reason, these trunnions are supported by these trunnions. た各パワーローラが過剰に傾斜(不必要に振動)する事を防止できる。即ち、急激なトルFurther, it is possible to prevent each power roller from being excessively inclined (unnecessarily vibrated). That is, sudden torr ク変動等に基づき変速比が所定の値に収束しなくなるハンチングが生じる傾向となったとHunting tends to occur because the gear ratio does not converge to a predetermined value based on fluctuations しても、上記各パワーローラを支持した上記各トラニオンは、上記力に基づき過剰に揺動Even so, the trunnions supporting the power rollers swing excessively based on the force. するのを阻止される。この為、この様なハンチングが生じにくくなり、伝達効率の低下、Is prevented from doing. For this reason, such hunting is less likely to occur, transmission efficiency is reduced, 振動の増大、更には走行安定性の低下を防止できる。It is possible to prevent an increase in vibration and a decrease in running stability.

図1〜3は、本発明の実施例を示している。尚、本発明の特徴は、(第一、第二)トラニオン30(31)に支持した(第一、第二)パワーローラ4(7)が過度に傾斜する事を防止する事により、これら(第一、第二)パワーローラ4(7)並びに(第一、第二)入力側、出力側各ディスク2、5、3、6(図4参照)の耐久性を確保する点にある。その他の部分の構造及び作用は、前述の図4〜7に示した従来構造と同様であるから、重複する図示及び説明を省略若しくは簡略にし、以下、図1〜3に示した部分の構造及び作用に就いて説明する。又、以下の説明は、キャビティが別である事を表す第一、第二各部材の「第一」、「第二」を省略して行なう。 1 to 3 show an embodiment of the present invention . The feature of the present invention is that the (first, second) power roller 4 (7) supported by the (first, second) trunnion 30 (31) is prevented from being inclined excessively. The first and second) is to ensure the durability of the power roller 4 (7) and the (first and second) input side and output side disks 2, 5, 3, 6 (see FIG. 4 ). Since the structure and operation of the other parts are the same as those of the conventional structure shown in FIGS. 4 to 7 , the overlapping illustrations and explanations are omitted or simplified. Hereinafter, the structure and action of the parts shown in FIGS. The operation will be described. In the following description, “first” and “second” of the first and second members indicating that the cavities are different will be omitted.

支持フレーム23(24)に支持軸34(図4〜7参照)を介して支持される各揺動フレーム21(22)は、略コ字形の主体47の両端面に1対の端板48、48を、ねじ49、49により結合固定して成る。上記主体47の両端部に設けた1対の支持壁部50、50に互いに同心に形成した円孔51、51の内側に、上記各トラニオン30(31)の両端部に互いに同心に設けた枢軸33、33を、軸方向の変位を阻止した状態で、揺動のみ自在に支持している。この為に本実施例の場合は、上記各円孔51、51の内周面と上記各枢軸33、33の外周面との間に、ラジアルニードル軸受52、52とスラストニードル軸受53、53とを設けている。Each swing frame 21 (22) supported by the support frame 23 (24) via a support shaft 34 (see FIGS. 4 to 7 ) has a pair of end plates 48 on both end faces of a substantially U-shaped main body 47, 48 is connected and fixed by screws 49 and 49. A pivot shaft provided concentrically at both ends of each trunnion 30 (31) inside a circular hole 51, 51 formed concentrically with a pair of support walls 50, 50 provided at both ends of the main body 47. 33 and 33 are supported only in a swingable manner in a state in which axial displacement is prevented. For this reason, in the case of the present embodiment, the radial needle bearings 52, 52 and the thrust needle bearings 53, 53 are provided between the inner peripheral surfaces of the circular holes 51, 51 and the outer peripheral surfaces of the pivots 33, 33. Is provided.

そして、これら両ニードル軸受52、53を同心に配置する為に、これら両ニードル軸受52、53の外輪54、54の外周面と、上記各円孔51、51に内嵌固定した間座55、55の内周面とを、球面嵌合させている。上記両ニードル軸受52、53は、この様にして調心性を持たせた上記各外輪54、54と、上記各枢軸33、33の外周面に外嵌した内輪76、76との間に、それぞれ複数個ずつのニードルを配置する事で構成している。  And in order to arrange these needle bearings 52 and 53 concentrically, the outer peripheral surface of the outer rings 54 and 54 of these needle bearings 52 and 53, and a spacer 55 fitted and fixed to each of the circular holes 51 and 51, The inner peripheral surface of 55 is spherically fitted. The both needle bearings 52 and 53 are respectively arranged between the outer rings 54 and 54 which are aligned in this way and the inner rings 76 and 76 which are externally fitted to the outer peripheral surfaces of the pivots 33 and 33, respectively. It is configured by arranging a plurality of needles.

上述の様にして、上記各揺動フレーム21(22)に、上記各枢軸33、33を中心とする揺動変位のみ自在に支持された、上記各トラニオン30(31)の中間部に、変位軸32aの基半部を、揺動変位自在に支持している。この為にこれら各トラニオン30(31)の中間部に円孔56を、これら各トラニオン30(31)の内外両周面同士を貫通する状態で形成している。これら各円孔56は、上記各トラニオン30(31)の内側面側の大径部57と外側面側の小径部58とを段部59により連続させた、段付形状である。そして、この様な円孔56内に、アンギュラ型のスラスト玉軸受60を構成する外輪61と一体に形成した上記変位軸32aを、ラジアルニードル軸受62により回転自在に支持している。又、上記外輪61の外側面と上記各トラニオン30(31)の内側面との間にスラストニードル軸受63を設け、上記変位軸32aを中心とする、上記外輪61及びパワーローラ4(7)の変位を円滑に行なえる様にしている。又、上記スラスト玉軸受60と、別のラジアルニードル軸受64とにより上記パワーローラ4(7)を、上記変位軸32aの先半部の周囲に回転自在に支持している。  As described above, each of the trunnions 30 (31) is supported by the respective swing frames 21 (22) so that only the swing displacement about the pivots 33 and 33 is freely displaced. The base half portion of the shaft 32a is supported so as to be swingable and displaceable. For this purpose, a circular hole 56 is formed in the intermediate portion of each trunnion 30 (31) so as to penetrate both the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of each trunnion 30 (31). Each of the circular holes 56 has a stepped shape in which a large-diameter portion 57 on the inner surface side and a small-diameter portion 58 on the outer surface side of each trunnion 30 (31) are continuously connected by a step portion 59. In the circular hole 56, the displacement shaft 32a formed integrally with the outer ring 61 constituting the angular thrust ball bearing 60 is rotatably supported by a radial needle bearing 62. Further, a thrust needle bearing 63 is provided between the outer side surface of the outer ring 61 and the inner side surface of each trunnion 30 (31), and the outer ring 61 and the power roller 4 (7) around the displacement shaft 32a. Displacement can be performed smoothly. The thrust roller bearing 60 and another radial needle bearing 64 support the power roller 4 (7) rotatably around the front half of the displacement shaft 32a.

更に本実施例の場合には、上記各揺動フレーム21(22)と上記各トラニオン30(31)との間に、これら各トラニオン30(31)が所定以上揺動するのを阻止する為の揺動制限手段65、65を設けている。本実施例の場合、これら各揺動制限手段65、65を、1対の凸部66、66と1対の凹部67、67とによりそれぞれ構成している。即ち、上記各揺動フレーム21(22)の両端部に結合固定した前記各端板48、48の内側面で、上記各トラニオン30(31)の両端部に設けた各枢軸33、33の端面と対向する部分に、この内側面から凹入する状態で有底状の凹孔部68、68を設けている。そして、これら各凹孔部68、68の径方向反対側2個所位置に、開口部が扇状の上記凹部67、67を、それぞれ設けている。  Further, in the case of the present embodiment, between the swing frames 21 (22) and the trunnions 30 (31), the trunnions 30 (31) are prevented from swinging more than a predetermined amount. Swing restricting means 65 and 65 are provided. In the case of the present embodiment, each of the swing limiting means 65 and 65 is constituted by a pair of convex portions 66 and 66 and a pair of concave portions 67 and 67, respectively. That is, the end surfaces of the pivots 33, 33 provided at both end portions of the trunnions 30 (31) on the inner side surfaces of the end plates 48, 48 coupled and fixed to both end portions of the swing frames 21 (22). The bottomed concave holes 68 and 68 are provided in a state of being recessed from the inner side surface in a portion facing the surface. And the said recessed part 67, 67 whose opening part is fan-shaped is provided in the radial direction 2 place position of these recessed hole parts 68 and 68, respectively.

この為に、本実施例の場合は、上記各凹孔部68、68に仕切り部材69、69をこれら各凹部68、68内での回転を阻止した状態で嵌着し、この仕切り部材69、69の側面と上記凹孔部68、68の内面(内周面並びに底面)とに囲まれた部分により、上記各凹部67、67を構成している。上記各仕切り部材69、69は、上記各凹孔部68、68の底面に設けた係合凹部70、70に係合させた状態で、これら各凹孔部68、68の円周方向に関する変位を阻止される。又、これら各仕切り部材69、69の外周面が上記凹孔部68、68の内周面に嵌合する事で、これら各仕切り部材69、69がこれら凹孔部68、68の径方向に関する変位を阻止される。又、これら各仕切り部材68、68の中心に、前記スラスト玉軸受60やラジアルニードル軸受62、64等の、冷却並びに潤滑を必要とする部分に潤滑油を供給する為の第一の通油路71を設けると共に、この第一の通油路71の径方向外側に、上記各凹部67、67内に潤滑油を給排する為の第二の通油路72、72を設けている。For this reason, in the present embodiment, the partition member 69 to the respective recessed hole portions 68 and 68, fitted in a state of being prevented from rotating in within respective recesses 68 and 68, the partition member 69 , 69 and the portion surrounded by the inner surfaces (inner peripheral surface and bottom surface) of the recessed hole portions 68, 68 constitute the recessed portions 67, 67. The partition members 69 and 69 are displaced in the circumferential direction of the concave hole portions 68 and 68 in a state of being engaged with the engaging concave portions 70 and 70 provided on the bottom surfaces of the concave hole portions 68 and 68. Is prevented. Further, the outer peripheral surfaces of the partition members 69 and 69 are fitted to the inner peripheral surfaces of the concave holes 68 and 68, so that the partition members 69 and 69 are related to the radial direction of the concave holes 68 and 68. Displacement is prevented. Further, a first oil passage for supplying lubricating oil to the portions of the partition members 68 and 68 that require cooling and lubrication, such as the thrust ball bearing 60 and the radial needle bearings 62 and 64. 71 is provided, and second oil passages 72 and 72 for supplying and discharging the lubricating oil in the recesses 67 and 67 are provided on the radially outer side of the first oil passage 71.

一方、上記各トラニオン30(31)の両端部に設けた各枢軸33、33の端面で、上記各端板48、48の内側面に設けた上記各凹孔部68、68と対向する位置に、円環状のストッパ部材73を固定している。このストッパ部材73は、図3に詳示する様に、円板部74の軸方向両側面に前記凸部66、66並びに係止凸部75、75を、これら各側面から軸方向に突出する状態で、それぞれ設けている。このうちの各凸部66、66は、上記円板部74の片側面{図3(A)の下側面、同じく(B)の上側面、図1の外側面}の径方向外側寄り部分で、この円板部74の径方向反対側2個所位置に、それぞれ設けている。又、上記各係止凸部75、75は、上記円板部74の他側面{図3(A)の上側面、同じく(B)の下側面、図1の内側面}の径方向内側寄り部分で、この円板部74の円周方向に関して上記各凸部66、66と90度ずれた位置に、それぞれ設けている。  On the other hand, at the end faces of the pivots 33, 33 provided at both ends of each trunnion 30 (31), at positions facing the respective recessed holes 68, 68 provided on the inner surfaces of the end plates 48, 48. An annular stopper member 73 is fixed. As shown in detail in FIG. 3, the stopper member 73 projects the projections 66 and 66 and the locking projections 75 and 75 on both side surfaces in the axial direction of the disc portion 74 from the respective side surfaces in the axial direction. Each is provided in a state. Each of the convex portions 66, 66 is a radially outward portion of one side surface of the disk portion 74 (the lower side surface of FIG. 3A, the upper side surface of FIG. 3B, and the outer side surface of FIG. 1). These are provided at two positions on the opposite side of the disk portion 74 in the radial direction. Each of the locking projections 75, 75 is located radially inward of the other side surface of the disk portion 74 (the upper side surface of FIG. 3A, the lower side surface of FIG. 3B, the inner side surface of FIG. 1). In the portion, the circular plate portion 74 is provided at a position shifted by 90 degrees from the convex portions 66 and 66 with respect to the circumferential direction of the disk portion 74.

そして、上記各係止凸部75、75を上記各枢軸33、33の端面に形成した図示しない係止凹部に係止する事により、上記ストッパ部材73を上記各トラニオン30(31)の両端部に、このトラニオン30(31)に対する相対回転を阻止した状態で固定している。この状態で、上記各凸部66、66が上記各凹部67、67に、上記各トラニオン30(31)の揺動方向に関する変位を可能に挿入される。又、これと共に、これら各トラニオン30(31)の揺動に基づき上記各凸部66、66の側面が、上記各凹部67、67の内面で前記仕切り部材69、69の側面に当接する事により、これら各トラニオン30(31)が所定以上揺動するのを阻止される。言い換えれば、上記各凸部66、66は、上記凹部67、67内に挿入した状態で、上記トラニオン30(31)の揺動方向に関する変位を、これら各凸部66、66の側面が上記凹部67、67の内面に当接しない範囲で許容される。従って、上記各凸部66、66の側面同士の間隔や、上記凹部67、67の内面のうちで、上記各トラニオン30(31)の揺動に基づき上記各凸部66、66の側面が当接する部分の、これら各トラニオン30(31)の揺動方向に関する位置関係を適切に規制する事で、これら各トラニオン30(31)、延いては、これら各トラニオン30(31)に支持した前記各パワーローラ4(7)の傾斜角を、所望の範囲に規制できる。  Then, the stopper members 73 are engaged with the engaging recesses (not shown) formed on the end surfaces of the pivots 33, 33 by engaging the engaging projections 75, 75 with the stopper members 73 at both ends of the trunnions 30 (31). Further, it is fixed in a state in which relative rotation with respect to the trunnion 30 (31) is prevented. In this state, the convex portions 66 and 66 are inserted into the concave portions 67 and 67 so as to be able to be displaced in the swing direction of the trunnions 30 (31). At the same time, the side surfaces of the projections 66 and 66 come into contact with the side surfaces of the partition members 69 and 69 on the inner surfaces of the recesses 67 and 67 based on the swing of the trunnions 30 (31). These trunnions 30 (31) are prevented from swinging more than a predetermined amount. In other words, the convex portions 66 and 66 are displaced in the swing direction of the trunnion 30 (31) in a state where the convex portions 66 and 66 are inserted into the concave portions 67 and 67, and the side surfaces of the convex portions 66 and 66 are the concave portions. It is allowed as long as it does not contact the inner surfaces of 67 and 67. Accordingly, the side surfaces of the convex portions 66 and 66 are contacted based on the distance between the side surfaces of the convex portions 66 and 66 and the inner surface of the concave portions 67 and 67 based on the swing of the trunnions 30 (31). By appropriately restricting the positional relationship of the contacting portions with respect to the swinging direction of the respective trunnions 30 (31), the respective trunnions 30 (31), and further each of the trunnions 30 (31) supported by the respective trunnions 30 (31). The inclination angle of the power roller 4 (7) can be regulated within a desired range.

上述の様に構成する本実施例の場合には、各揺動フレーム21(22)と各トラニオン30(31)との間に設けた揺動制限手段65、65、即ち、上記各凸部66、66並びに各凹部67、67により、これら各トラニオン30(31)延いてはこれら各トラニオン30(31)に支持した各パワーローラ4(7)が過度に傾斜する事を防止できる。即ち、これら各パワーローラ4(7)が大きく傾斜している状態(トロイダル型無段変速機の変速比が1から大きく外れた状態)で、変速比が所定の値を行き過ぎてから所定の値に収束するオーバーシュートが生じる傾向となったとしても、上記各パワーローラ4(7)を支持した上記各トラニオン30(31)は、上記各凸部66、66の側面が上記凹部67、67の内面である仕切り部材69、69の側面に当接する事により、それ以上揺動するのを阻止される。この為、これら各トラニオン30(31)に支持した上記各パワーローラ4(7)の周面と入力側、出力側各ディスク2、5(3、6)の内側面との転がり接触部(トラクション部)に形成される接触楕円が、これら各ディスク2、5(3、6)の端縁に乗り上げる事はなく、これら各パワーローラ4(7)並びに各ディスク2、5(3、6)の耐久性を確保できる。  In the case of the present embodiment configured as described above, the swing restricting means 65, 65 provided between each swing frame 21 (22) and each trunnion 30 (31), that is, each projection 66 described above. , 66 and the recesses 67, 67 can prevent the trunnions 30 (31) and the power rollers 4 (7) supported by the trunnions 30 (31) from being excessively inclined. That is, in a state in which each of these power rollers 4 (7) is greatly inclined (a state in which the transmission ratio of the toroidal continuously variable transmission is greatly deviated from 1), a predetermined value is exceeded after the transmission ratio exceeds a predetermined value. The trunnions 30 (31) that support the power rollers 4 (7) have the side surfaces of the convex portions 66 and 66 of the concave portions 67 and 67. Further contact with the side surfaces of the partition members 69 and 69, which are the inner surfaces, is prevented from further swinging. Therefore, a rolling contact portion (traction) between the peripheral surface of each power roller 4 (7) supported by each trunnion 30 (31) and the inner surface of each of the input side and output side disks 2, 5 (3, 6). Contact ellipse formed on the edge of each of the disks 2, 5 (3, 6), and the power roller 4 (7) and each of the disks 2, 5 (3, 6). Durability can be secured.

尚、本実施例の場合、上記各凸部66、66の側面と上記各凹部67、67の内面とにより構成されて、これら各凹部67、67の底面(奥端面)と前記ストッパ部材73の円 板部とにより軸方向両端を塞がれた空間内(図2の斜格子で示す部分)に、前記第二の通油路72、72を通じて潤滑油を送り込んでいる。そして、上記空間内に潤滑油を満たす事により、上記各トラニオン30(31)の揺動に対する抵抗となる抵抗手段を構成している。即ち、この様に空間内に潤滑油を満たす事により、上記各トラニオン30(31)の揺動に伴い上記各凸部66、66が変位する際に、これら各凸部66、66に上記潤滑油を掻き分ける力(潤滑油を第二の通油路72、72内に送り戻す力、潤滑油を各凸部66、66の内径側、外径側各周面と各凹部67、67の内面との間の隙間を通過させる力)が加わる様にしている。In the case of this embodiment, it is constituted by the side surfaces of the respective convex portions 66 and 66 and the inner surfaces of the respective concave portions 67 and 67, and the bottom surfaces (back end surfaces) of the respective concave portions 67 and 67 and the stopper member 73. the disc portion and the space was closed to both axial end (the portion indicated by cross hatching in FIG. 2), which is fed into the lubricating oil through the second oil passage 72, 72. And the resistance means used as the resistance with respect to rocking | fluctuation of each said trunnion 30 (31) is comprised by filling lubricating oil in the said space. That is, by filling the space with the lubricating oil in this way, when the projections 66 and 66 are displaced as the trunnions 30 (31) swing, the lubrication is applied to the projections 66 and 66. Force to scrape oil (force to send the lubricating oil back into the second oil passages 72, 72, lubricating oil to the inner peripheral side of the convex portions 66, 66, the outer peripheral side peripheral surfaces, and the concave portions 67, 67 Force to pass through the gap between the inner surface).

この様な力は、上記各凸部66、66を設けたストッパ部材73、73を介して上記各トラニオン30(31)に、これら各トラニオン30(31)を不必要に振動するのを阻止する為の力(制振力、ダンピング力)として加わる。この為、これら各トラニオン30(31)延いてはこれら各トラニオン30(31)に支持した各パワーローラ4(7)が過剰に傾斜(不必要に振動)する事を防止できる。即ち、急激なトルク変動等に基づき変速比が所定の値に収束しなくなるハンチングが生じる傾向となったとしても、上記各パワーローラ4(7)を支持した上記各トラニオン30(31)は、上記力に基づき過剰に揺動するのを阻止される。この為、この様なハンチングが生じにくくなり、伝達効率の低下、振動の増大、更には走行安定性の低下を防止できる。
尚、上述の様に各凸部66、66を介して各トラニオン30(31)に加わる力(制振力、ダンピング力)は、上記第二の通油路72、72の内径や、各凸部67、67の内径側、外径側各周面と各凹部67、67の内面との間の隙間の寸法を調節する事により、所望の値に規制できる。
Such a force prevents the trunnions 30 (31) from vibrating unnecessarily to the trunnions 30 (31) via the stopper members 73 and 73 provided with the convex portions 66 and 66. As power (damping force, damping force) For this reason, it is possible to prevent each of the trunnions 30 (31) and the respective power rollers 4 (7) supported by the respective trunnions 30 (31) from excessively tilting (unnecessarily vibrating). That is, even if there is a tendency for hunting that the gear ratio does not converge to a predetermined value due to a sudden torque fluctuation or the like, each trunnion 30 (31) supporting each power roller 4 (7) Excessive rocking based on force is prevented. For this reason, it is difficult for such hunting to occur, and it is possible to prevent a decrease in transmission efficiency, an increase in vibration, and a decrease in running stability.
As described above, the force (damping force, damping force) applied to each trunnion 30 (31) via each convex portion 66, 66 is the inner diameter of each of the second oil passages 72, 72 and each convex portion. By adjusting the dimensions of the gaps between the inner and outer diameter side surfaces of the portions 67 and 67 and the inner surfaces of the recesses 67 and 67, it can be regulated to a desired value.

本発明の実施例1を示す要部断面図。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 一部を省略して示す図1のA矢視図。 The A arrow view of FIG. 1 which abbreviate | omits and shows a part. ストッパ部材を、(A)はトラニオンの端面に対向する面を上側にして、(B)は端板の内側面に対向する面を上側にして、それぞれ示す斜視図。4A is a perspective view showing a stopper member, with (A) having a surface facing the end surface of the trunnion facing upward and (B) having a surface facing the inner surface of the end plate facing upward. 従来構造の1例を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows an example of a conventional structure. 図4のB−B断面図。BB sectional drawing of FIG. 同C−C断面図。CC sectional drawing. 図6とほぼ同じ部分を、第一トラニオンの両端部に設けた第一枢軸の中心軸The central axis of the first pivot provided at the both ends of the first trunnion with substantially the same part as in FIG. を含む平面で切断した状態で示す断面図。    Sectional drawing shown in the state cut | disconnected by the plane containing X.

1 トロイダル型無段変速機
2 第一入力側ディスク
3 第一出力側ディスク
4 第一パワーローラ
5 第二入力側ディスク
6 第二出力側ディスク
7 第二パワーローラ
8 トルクコンバータ
9 入力軸
9a 前半部
9b 後半部
10 前後進切り換えユニット
11 前進用クラッチ
12 後退用クラッチ
13 前輪用駆動軸
14 後輪用駆動輪
15 キャリア
16 ボールスプライン
17 ローディング装置
18 支持筒
19 ステー
20 支持環
21 第一揺動フレーム
22 第二揺動フレーム
23 第一支持フレーム
24 第二支持フレーム
25 前輪用出力歯車
26 前輪用従動歯車
27 前輪用デファレンシャルギヤ
28 後輪用出力歯車
29 後輪用従動歯車
30 第一トラニオン
31 第二トラニオン
32、32a 変位軸
33 第一枢軸
34 支持軸
35 支柱部
36a、36b 油圧シリンダ
37a、37b ロッド
38a、38b ピストン
39 制御弁
40 カム面
41 プランジャ
42 スプール
43 スリーブ
44 制御モータ
45 第一キャビティ
46 第二キャビティ
47 主体
48 端板
49 ねじ
50 支持壁部
51 円孔
52 ラジアルニードル軸受
53 スラストニードル軸受
54 外輪
55 間座
56 円孔
57 大径部
58 小径部
59 段部
60 スラスト玉軸受
61 外輪
62 ラジアルニードル軸受
63 スラストニードル軸受
64 ラジアルニードル軸受
65 揺動制限手段
66 凸部
67 凹部
68 凹孔部
69 仕切り部材
70 係合凹部
71 第一の通油路
72 第二の通油路
73 ストッパ部材
74 円板部
75 係止凸部
76 内輪
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Toroidal type continuously variable transmission 2 1st input side disk 3 1st output side disk 4 1st power roller 5 2nd input side disk 6 2nd output side disk 7 2nd power roller 8 Torque converter 9 Input shaft 9a Front half 9b Second half 10 Forward / reverse switching unit 11 Forward clutch 12 Reverse clutch 13 Front wheel drive shaft 14 Rear wheel drive wheel 15 Carrier 16 Ball spline 17 Loading device 18 Support cylinder 19 Stay 20 Support ring 21 First swing frame 22 Second swing frame 23 First support frame 24 Second support frame 25 Front wheel output gear 26 Front wheel driven gear 27 Front wheel differential gear 28 Rear wheel output gear 29 Rear wheel driven gear 30 First trunnion 31 Second trunnion 32, 32a Displacement shaft 33 First pivot 34 Support 35 Columns 36a, 36b Hydraulic cylinders 37a, 37b Rods 38a, 38b Piston 39 Control valve 40 Cam surface 41 Plunger 42 Spool 43 Sleeve 44 Control motor 45 First cavity 46 Second cavity 47 Main body 48 End plate 49 Screw 50 Support wall 51 circular hole 52 radial needle bearing 53 thrust needle bearing 54 outer ring 55 spacer 56 circular hole 57 large diameter part 58 small diameter part 59 step part 60 thrust ball bearing 61 outer ring 62 radial needle bearing 63 thrust needle bearing 64 radial needle bearing 65 rocking Limiting means 66 Convex part 67 Concave part 68 Concave hole part 69 Partition member 70 Engaging concave part 71 First oil passage 72 Second oil passage 73 Stopper member 74 Disk part 75 Locking convex part 76 Inner ring

Claims (1)

それぞれが断面円弧形の凹面である互いの内側面同士を対向させた状態で、互いに同心に、且つ互いに独立した回転自在に支持された入力側ディスク及び出力側ディスクと、これら両ディスクの中心軸に対し捻れの位置にある枢軸を中心として揺動する複数のトラニオンと、これら各トラニオンに支持された状態で上記両ディスク同士の間に挟持された、その周面を球状凸面とした複数のパワーローラとを備え、上記各トラニオンの周囲に設けた支持フレームに、支持軸によりそれぞれの中間部を枢支した、上記各トラニオンと同数の揺動フレームを、アクチュエータにより揺動変位自在とすると共に、上記各トラニオンの両端部に設けた上記各枢軸を、上記各揺動フレームの両端部に揺動自在に支持したトロイダル型無段変速機に於いて、上記各揺動フレームと上記各トラニオンとの間に、これら各トラニオンが所定以上揺動するのを阻止する為の揺動制限手段を設けており、この揺動 制限手段は、上記各トラニオンの両端部に設けた枢軸の端面とこれら各端面に対向する上 記各揺動フレームの内面とにそれぞれ設けた凸部と凹部とにより構成するものであり、こ のうちの凸部をこの凹部内に、上記各トラニオンの揺動方向に関する変位を可能に挿入し た状態に組み合わせ、これら各トラニオンの揺動に基づき上記凸部の側面と上記凹部の内 面とを当接させる事により、これら各トラニオンが所定以上揺動するのを阻止するもので あり、上記凸部の側面と上記凹部の内面とにより構成されて軸方向両端を塞がれた空間内 に、この空間を満たす状態にまで導入した潤滑油を、この凸部の変位に基づいてこの空間 から出入させる構成を採用する事により、上記トラニオンの揺動に対する抵抗となる抵抗 手段を設けた事を特徴とするトロイダル型無段変速機。An input side disk and an output side disk that are supported concentrically and independently of each other in a state where the inner side surfaces of the concave surfaces each having an arcuate cross section are opposed to each other, and the centers of these two disks A plurality of trunnions that swing around a pivot that is twisted with respect to the shaft, and a plurality of trunnions that are sandwiched between the two disks while being supported by each trunnion and that have a circumferential convex surface. A power frame, and a support frame provided around each trunnion, with the same number of swing frames as each trunnion pivotally supported by a support shaft. In the toroidal continuously variable transmission in which the pivots provided at both ends of the trunnions are swingably supported at both ends of the swing frames, Serial between each oscillating frame and the trunnions, the trunnions are provided with a swinging limiting means for blocking to predetermined or swinging, the swing limiting means, both ends of the trunnions the end surface of the pivot provided on the parts and is intended to constitute a upper SL respectively to the inner surface provided with projections and recesses of each oscillating frame facing the respective end faces, the convex portion of this within this recess , combined state of being inserted to enable displacement about the swinging direction of the trunnions, by contacting an inner surface of the side surface and the recessed portion of the projecting portion on the basis of the oscillation of the trunnions, the trunnions Is introduced into a space that is constituted by the side surface of the convex portion and the inner surface of the concave portion and that is closed at both ends in the axial direction . Lubricating oil, this convex Based on the displacement by adopting a configuration in which and out from the space, toroidal-type continuously variable transmission, characterized in that provided resistance means the resistance against rocking of the trunnion.
JP2004198755A 2004-07-06 2004-07-06 Toroidal continuously variable transmission Expired - Fee Related JP4774694B2 (en)

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JP2004198755A JP4774694B2 (en) 2004-07-06 2004-07-06 Toroidal continuously variable transmission
CNB2005800230036A CN100460715C (en) 2004-07-06 2005-06-28 Toroidal type stepless speed change device
DE112005001589T DE112005001589B4 (en) 2004-07-06 2005-06-28 Continuously variable transmission of the toroidal type
PCT/JP2005/011831 WO2006003886A1 (en) 2004-07-06 2005-06-28 Toroidal type stepless speed change device

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JP3355941B2 (en) * 1996-07-16 2002-12-09 日産自動車株式会社 Toroidal type continuously variable transmission
JP3711688B2 (en) * 1997-03-22 2005-11-02 マツダ株式会社 Toroidal continuously variable transmission
JP3417288B2 (en) * 1998-03-12 2003-06-16 日産自動車株式会社 Toroidal type continuously variable transmission
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JP2003021210A (en) * 2001-07-10 2003-01-24 Nsk Ltd Toroidal type continuously variable transmission and continuously variable transmission device
JP2004003594A (en) * 2002-01-25 2004-01-08 Makoto Kida Turning mechanism for turning member and turned base member
JP2003336708A (en) * 2002-05-20 2003-11-28 Nsk Ltd Trunnion of toroidal continuously variable transmission and toroidal continuously variable transmission
JP3912178B2 (en) * 2002-05-20 2007-05-09 日産自動車株式会社 Assembly method of link connection structure for trunnion in toroidal type continuously variable transmission
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JP2006022828A (en) 2006-01-26
DE112005001589B4 (en) 2010-08-26
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CN1997841A (en) 2007-07-11
CN100460715C (en) 2009-02-11

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