JP4774425B2 - Snowfall prevention structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention is to dispose a snow fence prevention fence at the upper part of the outer edge of the roof of a building, and belongs to the technical field of architecture.

In heavy snow areas, many buildings adopt flat roof shapes such as flat roofs that do not allow snow to fall down to reduce snowfall work and avoid troubles due to falling snow.
In this type of roof-shaped building, snowfall occurs at the eaves of the roof due to snowfall accompanied by wind in a certain direction such as seasonal wind.
The snow leopard starts when the snow puddle at the leeward eaves grows and exceeds the height of the parapet, and when the eaves puddle becomes saturated, it grows rapidly in the horizontal direction, increasing the local load on the eaves, Injury caused by collapse.
And since the snow plow removal work is also dangerous and difficult, in recent years, development of means for suppressing the snow plow has been desired.

As a snowfall prevention device, a conventional example 1 shown in FIG. 7, a conventional example 2 shown in FIG. 8, a conventional example 3 shown in FIG. 9, and the like have been proposed.
7A is a longitudinal sectional view of Conventional Example 1 cited as Patent Document 1, FIG. 7B is an exploded perspective view of Conventional Example 1, and Conventional Example 1 is as shown in FIG. On the outer edge (parapet) of the building, the holder is fixed with bolts at regular intervals, the headboard is mounted on the holder, the base is aligned with the holder on the headboard, and the outer vertical plate and bottom plate The bottom plate of the snowfall prevention member engaged with is fastened to the holder via the pedestal, and the inclined plate of the snowfall prevention member is arranged from the upper receiving portion of the vertical plate to the lower receiving portion of the bottom plate.

  Further, the snow scum prevention device having a substantially triangular cross section is configured by three members of a vertical plate, a bottom plate, and an inclined plate, so that even a large snow skein prevention device is easily subjected to size restrictions in manufacturing. The snow leopard prevention device is easy to transport and construct because the vertical plate, bottom plate, and inclined plate of the main members are separated. A space can be formed, and wind flowing along the roof surface from the space can be guided to the outside to reduce snow on the roof.

  Further, Conventional Example 2 (FIG. 8) is cited as Patent Document 2, and as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 8, a bracket integrated with a headboard is fixed on a parapet, and a vertical outer wall plate and an inclined inner wall are provided. A snowboard-cut headboard with a substantially triangular cross-section, which is integrated with the reinforcing plate, is engaged with the bracket and integrated with the headboard over the entire length of the parapet. By forming it integrally with the headboard, it is intended to reduce the cost and to reduce the cost by attaching the snowboard-cut headboard.

Further, Conventional Example 3 (FIG. 9) is a snow leopard prevention headwood cited as Patent Document 3, in which a wind riser portion and a headboard are integrally made of a single material, and a wind passage hole is formed in the wind riser portion. It is designed to simplify the shape, reduce size, reduce weight, and save labor in installation work. It prevents wind from adhering to the top of the wind rising part by causing wind turbulence. Suppresses snowfall.
JP 2004-27754 A JP 2007-321331 A JP 2006-328926 A

Since the snow scum prevention device of Conventional Example 1 (FIG. 7) is a triangular cross-section structure over the entire length, the product is expensive.
In the initial stage of snowfall, snow is blown off from the space between the bottom plate and the headboard. However, if snow accumulation proceeds, the snow scum prevention device performs a dam function of a snow pool and receives a heavy load, so it has high strength and high rigidity. It is necessary to set it as a structure, and the installation cost becomes large.
And since the snowfall prevention device exists in the form of a wall on the roof, the eaves height of the building becomes the top of the snowfall prevention device, and the floor height of each floor is pressed in the design of the building.
In addition, when the snow level is high, the snow scum prevention device merely has a function of raising the parapet, so that a snow sag is formed and dropped at the top of the snow sack prevention device.

In addition, in the conventional example 2 (FIG. 8), as in the conventional example 1 (FIG. 7), the wall-shaped structure having a triangular cross section extends on the roof, The floor height will increase, which will constrain the floor height design of each floor.
And since the snow sculpture Kasagi simply has the function of forming a dam on the rooftop, it forms a high snow pool, and in snow that exceeds the dam (Snow slash Kasagi), as in Conventional Example 1, It causes the formation of a snow jar at the top and the falling of a snow jar.
In addition, since the snow slasher Kasagi supports the snow puddle, it needs to be constructed with high strength and high rigidity, which increases the construction cost.

In addition, in the snow leopard prevention coping of the conventional example 3 (FIG. 9), since it is molded and processed with a single material with the coping and the wind rising part of the plate material is erected vertically from the coping, It is difficult to cope with the horizontal load of snow with snow.
Moreover, since there is no specific disclosure regarding the dimensions of the wind riser, the shape and structure of the wind draft hole, the wind rise riser has a small wind draft hole that increases the amount of snow on the surface, exerts a dam function, and has an upper end. It is also unclear whether it forms a snow leopard, or the wind vent hole is large and the air vent hole itself forms a snow leopard. Yes, it cannot be used in heavy snow areas.

  The present invention solves or improves the problems of these conventional snow scum prevention devices, analyzes the formation / growth phenomenon of snow sledges, suppresses snow accretion, and can also prevent the formation of snow scum. We will develop a groundbreaking snowfall prevention structure that is easy to manufacture and construct, and provide an effective snowfall prevention device in snowy areas.

The present invention is, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, a snowfall prevention structure in which a fence 3 is erected on a roof outer edge upper surface PT of a building by a support metal fitting 5. A vertical horizontal plate 3V, an upper side 3T, and a falling piece 3F that constitute an engagement groove 3G, and a lower end horizontal beam member 3D and a vertical beam member 3P are flat plate members provided with screw holes H3. The upper end Pt of the vertical crosspiece 3P is inserted into the engagement groove 3G of the upper end horizontal crosspiece 3U, and the upper end horizontal crosspiece 3U, the vertical crosspiece 3P, and the lower end horizontal crosspiece 3D are connected through corresponding screw holes H3. By fastening the screws 3N, the vertical crosspieces 3P are integrated while maintaining a vertically long opening Wa that allows the snow to blow through and suppresses the formation and growth of snow ridges. This is a snow-claw prevention structure in which the support brackets 5 are fixed to the spaced-apart support brackets 5 and the groups of the support brackets 5 are erected and fixed on the roof top surface PT.

In this case, the roof outer edge upper surface PT indicates the parapet upper surface PT in a building equipped with the parapet P, and the roof outer edge upper surface PT indicates the roof outer edge upper surface PT in a flat roof building. It refers to the upper surface PT.
Moreover, the upper end crosspiece 3U and the lower end crosspiece 3D may be attached to the vertical partition 3P group for snow partitioning firmly and simply. Typically, the width (Wv) of the upper end crosspiece 3U is used. ) and lower transverse crosspieces 3D width (Wd) is a 3 0 mm of plate material co.

Further, the width a1 of the vertically long opening Wa and the width a2 of the vertical crosspiece 3P are elements that have a significant influence on the suppression of the formation / growth of snowfall, and the snow quality (dry snow, wet snow), the amount of snow cover However, typically, the width a1 of the opening Wa is 50 mm, the width a2 of the vertical beam 3P is 15 mm, and the upper horizontal beam 3D from the upper end to the lower horizontal beam 3D. The height h3 to the lower end of the rail, that is, the height h3 of the fence 3 itself is 370 mm.
In addition, since the support metal fittings 5 are arranged at regular intervals in the fence 3, it is desirable that the support metal fittings 5 have a structure that does not cause snow accumulation. Typically, the opening Wa for the snow blow-off is provided in the fence. 3 is arranged in the same form as the opening Wa.

As a result of recent research and experiments at the Hokkaido Prefectural Institute of Northern Architecture (Asahikawa City) regarding the basics of the formation, growth and prevention of snowfall, the snowfall caused snow puddles in the parapet on the leeward side. However, when the puddle exceeds the height of the parapet, as the puddle grows, the snow cover surface hangs out to the leeward side and hangs down due to its own weight, and further snowfall causes accumulation of pilings and overhangs on the initial snow pail to grow.
The formed snow leopard hangs down due to creep due to its own weight (a phenomenon in which deformation under a constant load progresses over time).
In areas where the wind direction during snowfall is constant, snow accumulation and creep are the factors contributing to the growth of snow bream.
If wind drift on the windward and leeward sides is the main cause of snow ridge formation, install a fence or other means to increase the snow accumulation capacity or reduce the amount of snow puddle so that the puddle does not saturate. That is necessary.
When installing a fence, make sure that the sump does not exceed the height of the fence.
When a snowfall is combined with snow on the roof, it will continue to grow without falling, so the area of the connection between the snowfall and the snow on the roof should be reduced.
Important matters such as were announced.

Thus, cornice preventing structure of the present invention, since the fence 3 is provided with an elongated opening Wa, while allowing snow atrium, while suppressing the drift of the windward side及beauty leeward snow fence 3, The vertical crosspiece 3P between the openings Wa blocks the connection between the snow layer on the windward side of the roof and the leeward side of the fence 3, that is, the outside snow overhang, so that the formation of snow canopies can be suppressed. At the same time, the growth of snow leopards can be suppressed.
And even if a snowfall occurs, each overhanging snow layer with a narrow width at the width a1 (standard: 50 mm) of the opening Wa divided by the width a2 (standard: 15 mm) of each vertical rail as a snow partition plate The formation of a dangerous snowfall with a large impact of falling can be suppressed.
In the snow scum prevention structure of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 6 (A), the fence 3 is composed of a vertical horizontal plate 3V provided with a screw hole H3, an upper side 3T, and a falling piece 3F. It is a plate material that constitutes the engagement groove 3G, and the lower end cross member 3D and the vertical cross member 3P are flat plate members provided with screw holes H3, and the upper end Pt of the vertical cross member 3P is the engagement groove of the upper end cross member 3U. Inserted into 3G, the upper end crosspiece 3U, the vertical crosspiece 3P, and the lower end crosspiece 3D are integrated with the screw 3N through the corresponding screw hole H3, and the opening Wa is integrated. This is also an essential requirement .
In this case, since the width dimension of the upper end crosspiece 3U and the lower end crosspiece 3D has a snow dam function, if the strength as the upper and lower frame members can be secured, the width is preferably smaller. Should have a width dimension that separates the snow layer horizontally to cut off the coupling of snow between the windward side and the leeward side of the fence 3 and reduces snowfall. Each of the crosspieces 3U, 3D, and 3P is a 5 mm thick aluminum alloy plate, and the width Wv of the vertical horizontal plate 3V of the upper end crosspiece 3U and the width Wd of the lower end crosspiece 3D are both 30 mm. Yes, the width a2 of the vertical crosspiece 3P is 15 mm .
Accordingly, since the upper end crosspiece 3U, the lower end crosspiece 3D, and the vertical crosspiece 3P are plate members, they can be easily manufactured and prepared. Since it is screw tightening in contact, the work is easy, and the engaging groove 3G of the upper side crosspiece 3U facilitates the work of assembling the vertical crosspiece 3P, and also provides a fitting portion for the support fitting 5. And while the upper side 3T and the falling piece 3F provide the reinforcement part of the upper surface of the fence 3, the design effect is also exhibited .
Therefore, although it is a fence made of a plate material that can be easily manufactured, a snow fence prevention fence having a good design and having an opening Wa (standard width a1: 50 mm) necessary for preventing snowfall is obtained .

Further, in the snow leopard prevention structure of the present invention, it is preferable that the fence 3 is arranged such that the lower end crosspiece 3D forms a lower opening Wb that allows snow to blow through, as shown in FIG. .
In this case, since the opening Wb communicates the windward side and the leeward side of the fence 3, the height hb of the opening Wb should be a height that suppresses the formation of a large and dangerous snowfall, and FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, when the interference with the headboard 2 should be made, the height from the headboard horizontal end plate 2T should be set. Typically, the lower opening Wb has a height hb of 30 mm.

Therefore, since the opening Wb below the fence 3 functions as a wind blow-off window in the initial stage of snowfall, it suppresses the growth of the snow puddle inside the fence 3 (on the roof side), for example, from the opening Wb. Even if the layer is extended to the eaves side, it is a thin layer (standard: 30 mm) of snowfall and is not dangerous.
And since lower end horizontal crosspiece 3D above the lower opening Wb has a dam function, even if each divided snow layer divided by the vertical crosspiece 3P for snow partition overhangs from the vertically long opening Wa of the fence 3, Since the upper opening Wa is kept at a vertical distance from the overhanging snow of the lower opening Wb, in combination with the fact that the upper opening Wa is narrow (standard: 50 mm) Formation and growth can be suppressed.

Further, the fence used in the present invention has a width a1 of the opening Wa of the fence 3 of 45 to 55 mm, and the openings Wa and Wb with respect to the entire area in a state where the fence 3 is erected on the roof top surface PT. The total area is preferably 45 to 65%.
In this case, the total area of the fence is the height h30 (standard: 420 mm) from the lower end of the fence support bracket 5, that is, the height from the upper surface PT of the roof outer edge to the upper edge of the upper end crosspiece 3U.
Further, if the width a1 of the vertically long opening (opening window) Wa is increased, there is a risk that the snow layer is coupled with the windward side and the leeward side of the fence 3 to cause the overhanging snow layer to grow. If this is the case, the effect of preventing snowfall (overhanging snow layer) will be great, but snow will increase on the windward side of the fence 3.
In addition, wet snow is larger in snowfall on the fence 3 than snowfall, and snow layer coupling is likely to occur.
Moreover, if the aperture ratio is large, there is an effect of suppressing accumulation on the leeward side, but snow is also accumulated on the leeward side.

Accordingly, since the width a1 of the opening Wa that functions as a snow blow-through hole of the fence 3 and causes the snow layer to overhang is 45 to 55 mm, and the opening ratio of the fence 3 is 45 to 65%, the fence 3 is snowed. The dam function that causes the accumulation of puddles can be significantly suppressed during snowfall with normal wind (average: 4 m / sec), regardless of whether it is wet snow or dry snow. While suppressing the accumulation on the leeward side, snow accumulation on the leeward side can also be suppressed within a practical range.
And even if the overhanging snow layer from the fence 3 grows, it can be suppressed to a width that does not become a dangerous snowfall.

In other words, the snow scum prevention structure of the present invention can suppress the amount of snow accumulation due to the accumulation of snow on the windward side, and also reduces the area of snow coupling between the snow slab generated from the opening Wa of the fence 3 and the rooftop snow. In addition, the snowdrift layer on the lee side of the fence can also be suppressed, and the formation and growth of dangerous snow canopies on the outside of the fence 3, such as causing a personal injury if dropped, can be suppressed.
Moreover, because the overall shape of the fence 3 has a high opening ratio (45 to 65%), the fence 3 is regarded as a wall as in the conventional examples 1 and 2 without entering the eave height calculation. There is no restriction on the design of the building.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the support metal fitting 5 employed in the snow leopard prevention structure of the present invention includes a front rising plate 5A, a fixing bottom plate 5B, and inclined side plates 5S on both sides, and the rising plate 5A includes: It is preferable that a horizontal upper side 5U is provided at the upper end, a horizontal lower side 5D is provided at the lower end, a vertical partition 5P is provided on both sides, and a vertically long opening Wa that is aligned with the opening Wa of the fence 3 is formed at the center. .

In this case, the plate members 5A, 5B, 5S of the support metal fitting 5 may be formed of an aluminum alloy plate having a general thickness of 5 mm.
Further, even if the support bracket 5 is attached to the fence 3, the important function of the fence 3, that is, the function of blowing snow by the opening Wa, and the snow layer by the vertical crosspiece 3 </ b> P before and after the fence 3 The binding prevention function (partition function) should not be hindered. Typically, the vertically long opening Wa has a width of 50 mm and a height (length) hw of 310 mm, which is the same as the opening Wa of the fence 3. The width WP of the vertical partition 5P is 15 mm, which is the same as the width a2 of the vertical beam 3P.
Further, the inclined side plate 5S may be determined from the viewpoint of the brace function, and typically has a height of 390 mm and a base length (L5) of 200 mm, and the height: base length is approximately 2: 1. Yes, the bottom length L5 is suppressed and the brace function is exhibited.

Accordingly, the support bracket 5 can be firmly fixed to the concrete of the roof outer edge portion P (parapet) via the bottom plate 5B by the bolt 5N, and the rising plate 5A, the inclined side plates 5S and the bottom plate 5B on both sides are integrated. The structure becomes a rigid structure, and the inclined side plate 5S plays a brace function and firmly supports the fence 3.
In addition, the vertically long opening Wa of the rising plate 5A has the same shape and shape as the opening Wa of the fence 3, and the vertical partition 5P has the same width as the vertical beam 3P of the fence and is overlapped with the vertical beam 3P in a superposed form. Therefore, the attachment of the support bracket 5 does not reduce the snowfall prevention function of the fence 3.

If the support metal fitting 5 is adopted, a rectangular tube having a height h6 (standard: 600 mm) higher than the height h30 (standard: 420 mm) of the fence 3 is provided as shown in FIG. 6B. As shown in FIG. 1, the pole 6 (standard height h6: 600 mm) is erected in the support bracket 5 and fixed with both side plates 5S of the support bracket 5 and screws 6N. If the rope is stretched, a pole higher than the fence 3 becomes a mark of the outer edge of the building when there is an unexpectedly large amount of snowfall, preventing a crash.
In this case, the air hole H6 should be appropriately disposed in the rectangular tube pole so that the opening Wa of the support fitting 5 does not lose the air blow-out function.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the support metal fitting 5 has the horizontal upper side 5U of the rising plate 5A fitted into the engagement groove 3G of the upper end horizontal beam 3U, and the vertical partitions 5P on both sides are aligned with the vertical beam 3P of the fence 3. It is preferable that the abutment and the fence 3 are fixed and held through the screw hole H3 on the horizontal upper side 5U and the screw hole H3 on the horizontal lower side 5D.
In this case, the attachment of the rising plate 5A to the fence 3 is performed by removing the upper and lower screws 3N of the vertical beam 3P that overlaps the vertical partition 5P of the support metal 5 and overlapping the vertical beam 3P and the vertical partition 5P. The vertical crosspiece 3P and the vertical partition 5P may be laminated and fastened with the upper end horizontal crosspiece 3U, the lower end horizontal crosspiece 3D, and the screws 3N again.

Therefore, when the predetermined fence 3 is prepared in advance and the fence needs to be erected, the fence 3 can be easily erected and arranged with the support bracket 5 prepared in advance, and maintenance and management of the fence are also facilitated. And in the arrangement | positioning part of the support metal fitting 5 arrange | positioned by fixed center space | interval a3 (standard: 455 mm), since the rising board 5A of a support metal fitting serves as the lamination | stacking screw fastening to the vertical crosspiece 3P of the fence 3, it is enough. Without affecting the function of the vertical opening Wa for snow blow-off, which exerts the strength and plays an important function of the fence 3, and the vertical partition material 3P for snow partition that blocks the coupling of the snow layer, the fence 3 It can be set up and fixed easily.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the support fitting 5 has front and rear grooves 5G formed on the bottom sides of both side plates 5S. In the bottom plate 5B, the groove 5G-corresponding portion is the step upper side 5E, and the bolt insertion holes are arranged on the step upper side 5E. It is preferable to bolt the outer edge upper surface PT via H5.
In this case, the front and rear step upper sides 5E themselves have a front and rear width of 30 mm and a height of 5 mm, and a center-to-center distance of 90 mm between the front and rear step upper sides 5E. What is necessary is just to arrange | position to a position.

Therefore, the support metal fitting 5 is fixed to the roof top outer edge upper surface PT provided with the conventional roof waterproof layer 7A by the bottom plate 5B, but the front and rear grooves 5G are provided at the lower edge of the side plate 5S, and the groove 5G corresponding to the bottom plate 5B. Since there is a step upper side 5E, the full contact of the support metal 5 with the upper surface of the waterproof layer 7A is avoided, and even if there is unevenness on the roof outer edge upper surface PT, ie, the upper surface of the waterproof layer 7A, the support metal The bottom plate 5B can be seated by absorbing unevenness, and the bolt tightening is also firmly fastened with elastic displacement from the step upper side 5E.
Moreover, the waterproof layer 7A on the roof outer edge upper surface PT can be hardly damaged.
In addition, if the drain hole 5W is arrange | positioned in the lower end of one side plate 5S of a support metal fitting as shown in FIG.5 (C), the water in the support metal fitting 5 can be drained.

Further, in the fence 3 of the present invention, the width a1 of the vertically long opening Wa is 45 to 55 mm, the width a2 of the vertical crosspiece 3P is 10 to 20 mm, and the height h2 of the lower opening Wb is 25. It is preferable to stand up to 35 mm.
In this case, both the vertically long opening Wa of the fence 3 and the opening Wb extending in the lateral direction below the fence 3 are blown by snow accompanied by a strong wind (average: 4 m / sec). Although it suppresses the snow accumulation, the lower opening Wb is a form in which the snow layer on the windward side of the fence 3 and the snow layer on the leeward side are combined, so it is necessary to suppress dangerous thick laminated overhanging. is there.
Moreover, since the vertically long opening Wa of the fence 3 has an opening width a1 and is configured to connect the snow layer on the windward side and the snow layer on the leeward side, it is necessary to suppress a wide snow cover from the fence 3. There is.

Accordingly, the lower opening Wb communicates between the support brackets 5 in the lateral direction between the front and rear of the fence 3, but since the height hb is 25 to 35 mm, the initial stage of snowfall accompanied by wind In the stage, the snow is blown outward to suppress the formation of a snow pool inside the fence 3 (windward side). For example, even if the snow layer protrudes from the lower opening Wb to the outside of the fence, the height of the opening Wb Since it is a thin snow layer suppressed by hb, it does not result in the formation of a dangerous snowfall.
Further, even if snow accumulates and a snow layer overhangs from the vertically long opening Wa of the fence 3, the overhang snow layer is overhang under the restriction of the width of the opening Wa, and each overhang snow layer has a width Since it is a form divided by 10-20 mm vertical crosspieces 3P, it does not form or grow a dangerous snowfall.

Further, the overhang of snow from the lower horizontal opening Wb and the upper vertical opening Wa is caused by a lower end horizontal beam 3D having a width Wd (standard: 30 mm) defining the upper surface of the lower opening Wb, and a vertical opening. The vertical crosspieces 3P arranged in parallel at regular intervals with a width a2 (standard: 15 mm) between the portions Wa block the connection between the snow pool inside the fence 3 (windward side) and the overhanging snow outside the fence 3 (eave side). Therefore, the growth of the overhanging snow to the outside of the fence 3 into a dangerous snow ridge is suppressed.
In addition, the width a1 of the vertically long opening Wa, the height hb of the horizontally long opening Wb, and the width a2 of the vertical crosspiece 3P depend on the area where the fence is installed, that is, considering the amount of snowfall, the influence of wind, and the snow quality. Thus, the present invention provides an effective technique for preventing snowfall in the heavy snow region of Japan.

  Further, according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the outer wall W of the building is provided with a breathable outer heat insulating composite panel 9, and the front falling plate 2F, the top horizontal plate 2T, and the top horizontal plate 2T fall down. The headboard 2 having the lower horizontal plate 2B extending rearward via the side 2P is locked to the front end with the fixing bracket 4 fixed to the upper end of the cement plate 9A of the composite panel 9, and the roof of the lower horizontal plate 2B The bottom plate 5B of the support metal fitting 5 which is arranged at two front and rear support points and fixed to the outer edge upper surface PT with the bolt 2N is attached to the waterproof layer 7A on the outer edge upper surface PT from the lower horizontal plate 2B of the headboard 2. It is preferable to be seated and fixed.

In this case, the breathable outer heat insulating composite panel 9 may be a breathable composite panel that can fix the fixing bracket 4 that locks the front end of the headboard 2. Typically, as shown in FIG. This is a composite panel in which a cement plate (exterior base material) 9A having a ventilation groove ar group on its inner surface and a foamed plastic heat insulating layer 9B are layered.
In addition, the caps 2 may be the ones shown in FIG. 4 filed by the present applicant (Japanese Patent Application No. 2002-246382) and patented (Japanese Patent No. 3727054). It is sufficient that the headboard 2 is fixed on the cement board 9A and can be locked while securing the exhaust from the ventilation groove ar of the composite panel 9 to the outside. Typically, as shown in FIG. As shown, the lower horizontal piece 4B is composed of a lower horizontal piece 4B, a vertical piece 4F, and an upper horizontal piece 4T, and the lower horizontal piece 4B is a small piece metal fitting having a screw hole H4 for screw fixing to the upper end of the cement plate.

  Therefore, the headboard 2 can be attached to the roof outer edge top surface PT, even if it is a parapet P or a flat flat roof, as long as the lower horizontal plate 2B can be placed on the concrete top surface. Even if it is blown by strong winds, it can be placed firmly without causing levitation, deformation, or damage, and it can be applied to external insulation buildings with a cemented board (exterior base material) and a breathable external insulation composite panel. It is possible, and the snow scum prevention structure of the present invention can be preferably implemented in a building having the headboard 2.

And since the standing and fixing of the fence 3 is fixed in the form of being placed on the lower horizontal plate 2B of the headboard 2, the arrangement part of the fence 3 with respect to the headboard 2 can be freely arranged, and the outside heat insulation building in which the headboard 2 is arranged Even if the snow fence prevention fence 3 is erected only on the top surface PT of the roof outer edge, where the snow fence easily occurs, for example, on the rooftop or leeward side, the same appearance of the headboard 2 can be maintained around the entire building.
Therefore, the snow scum prevention structure of the present invention can be applied to all the heat insulating buildings to which the cap of Japanese Patent No. 3727054 is applied, and the fence 3 by simple construction can be applied to the heat insulating building excellent in energy saving. Since it can prevent snow traps, it can contribute to the spread of external insulation buildings in snowfall areas.

  Since the fence 3 is provided with the vertically long opening Wa, the snow leopard prevention structure of the present invention allows snow to blow through, and the snow puddle on the windward side and leeward side of the fence 3, that is, the roof side and the eaves side. And the vertical crosspiece 3P between the openings Wa blocks the connection between the snow layer on the roof and the overhanging portion of the snow on the outside of the fence 3 so that the formation of snow ridges at the eaves can be suppressed. , Can also suppress the growth of snow leopard.

  And even if a snowfall occurs at the eaves, each narrow overhang with the width of the opening Wa (standard: 50 mm) divided by the width of the vertical crosspiece 3P (standard: 15 mm) as a snow partition plate The formation and growth of a dangerous snowfall, which is just a snowfall from the snow layer and has a large impact of falling, can be suppressed.

Moreover, since the fence is an assembly structure of the upper-end horizontal crosspiece 3U, the lower-end horizontal crosspiece 3D, and the vertical crosspiece 3P, it is easy to manufacture. Since the support metal fitting 5 is simply fixed to the roof outer edge upper surface PT with a bolt or the like, the snowfall prevention structure can be constructed at the time of new construction of a building or can be constructed into an existing building.
Since the upper end crosspiece 3U, the lower end crosspiece 3D, and the vertical crosspiece 3P are plate members, they are easy to manufacture and prepare, and even when assembled with the screws 3N between the crosspieces, Since it is screw tightening in contact, the work is easy, and the engaging groove 3G of the upper side crosspiece 3U facilitates the work of assembling the vertical crosspiece 3P, and also provides a fitting portion for the support fitting 5. And while the upper side 3T and the falling piece 3F provide the reinforcement part of the upper surface of the fence 3, the design effect is also exhibited .
Therefore, although it is a fence made of a plate material that can be easily manufactured, a snow fence prevention fence having a good design and having an opening Wa (standard width a1: 50 mm) necessary for preventing snowfall is obtained .

Therefore, the snowfall prevention structure of the present invention provides a snowfall prevention means that is highly practical in the snowy region.
In addition, the fence 3 for preventing snow leopards has a relatively wide (standard: 50 mm) vertically long opening Wa group between the narrow (standard: 15 mm) vertical beam members 3P group (standard: high). 55%), the floor design is not calculated as a floor height, and the construction design of the snowfall prevention fence 3 is free, so that it can be expected to spread as an effective means for preventing snowfall.

[Fence 3 (FIGS. 2 and 6)]
The fence 3 is formed by connecting an upper end horizontal beam member 3U and a lower end horizontal beam member 3D in parallel with a number of vertical beam members 3P. The upper edge horizontal beam member 3U, the lower end horizontal beam member 3D and the vertical beam member 3P are formed. Are both aluminum alloy extruded products having a general thickness of 5 mm.
As shown in FIG. 6 (A), the upper crosspiece 3U has a vertical horizontal plate 3V having a cross-sectional width (Wv) of 30 mm, an upper side 3T having a width (wt) of 20.5 mm, and a falling piece having a width (Wf) of 12 mm. 3F, long (standard: 3000mm) plate product with engagement groove 3G at the bottom of the upper side 3T, and the bottom plate 3D is a long (standard: 3000mm) plate product with a width (Wd) of 30mm The vertical beam 3P is a plate product having a width (a2) of 15 mm and a length (height) hp of 36.5 mm.

  Further, the vertical horizontal plate 3V of the upper end crosspiece 3U is drilled with a screw hole H3 at a distance of 10 mm above the lower side at a 65 mm interval, and the lower end crosspiece 3D is drilled with a screw hole H3 at a center of the width at an interval of 65 mm. The vertical beam member 3P is located at a position 15 mm above the lower end and 15 mm from the upper end, that is, when the vertical beam member 3P is inserted into the engagement groove 3G of the upper edge horizontal member 3U. The screw hole H3 is drilled at a position where it is aligned with the screw hole H3 of the crosspiece.

Then, as shown in FIG. 2, a vertical beam member 3P having a width of a2 (15 mm) is fitted into an engagement groove 3G of the upper edge horizontal beam member with a space of 50 mm (a1), and a mutual screw is provided. It fixes with the screw 3N through the hole H3, and fixes a lower end to the crosspiece 3D with the screw 3N through the mutual screw hole H3.
Accordingly, each of the vertical beam members 3U, the lower edge horizontal beam material 3D, and the vertical beam material 3P are fixed and integrated with each other with the screw 3N, the height h3 is 370 mm, the length is 3000 mm, and the width is 15 mm (a2). Between 3P, the fence 3 provided with the vertically long opening Wa having a width (a1) of 50 mm and a height hw of 310 mm can be prepared.

[Support bracket 5 (Fig. 5)]
5A is an overall perspective view of the support fitting 5, FIG. 5B is a front view as viewed in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 5A, FIG. 5C is a longitudinal sectional view, and FIG. 5D is a top view. is there.
The support metal fitting 5 is an aluminum alloy molded product having a general wall thickness of 5 mm, and the overall shape is a height h5 of 410 mm, a width W5 of 80 mm, and a longitudinal length L5 of 200 mm.
A bottom plate 5B having a length L5 (200 mm) extends as an angle plate having the same width (80 mm) to a rising plate 5A having a width W5 (80 mm) and a height h5 (410 mm). As shown in (B), the opening Wa having a width of 50 mm and a height of 390 mm, having the same shape as the vertical partition 5P and the opening Wa of the fence 3, on the both sides of the same width (15 mm) as the vertical rail member 3P of the fence. With the upper horizontal side 5U at the upper end, the lower horizontal side 5D at the lower end, and the upper horizontal side 5U and the lower horizontal side 5D at the positions corresponding to the screw holes H3 of the upper horizontal member 3U and the lower horizontal member 3D of the fence 3, A screw hole H3 is provided.

In addition, an inclined side plate 5S for connecting and reinforcing the rising plate 5A and the bottom plate 5B from the lower end of the lateral upper side of the rising plate 5A to the tip of the bottom plate 5B is provided on both sides, and the bottom plate 5B has a front-rear width of 30 mm across the inclined side plates 5S. The upper side 5E of the step with a height of 5 mm is maintained at 60 mm, the two front and rear sides are arranged at the front side, that is, the upper side of the step 5E on the extending tip side of the bottom plate 5B is 30 mm from the tip. Is a groove 5G, and a horizontally long bolt insertion hole H5 is arranged on the upper side 5E of the step.
Further, as shown in FIG. 5 (C), there is a halfway between the rising plate 5A and the rear step upper side 5E and between the rear step upper side 5E and the front step upper side 5E at the lower part of one inclined side plate. A circular drain hole 5W is formed, and a pair of bolt holes Hb are arranged in the lower part and the middle part of the both side plates 5S near the rising plate 5A.

[Composite panel 9 (Fig. 3)]
The composite panel 9 employs a panel disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-143690 (Patent No. 4053561) proposed by the present applicant.
FIG. 3A is a perspective view of the composite panel 9. The composite panel 9 has a cement plate 9A as an exterior base material provided with a large number of ventilation grooves ar on the inner surface in parallel, and a heat insulating layer of foamed plastic. 9B is a breathable outer heat insulating composite panel in which the cement plate 9A is layered and integrated so that the ventilation groove ar is not crushed.
Therefore, if the outer wall W is formed by using the breathable outer heat insulating composite panel 9 as an outer mold frame of the outer wall concrete, the outer wall W is an outer heat insulating concrete wall W through which draft airflow flows from the drainage at the lower end to the headboard at the upper end. It becomes.

[Kasagi 2 (Figure 4)]
As the caps 2, the caps of Japanese Patent No. 3727054 proposed by the present applicant as Japanese Patent Application No. 2002-246382 are adopted.
FIG. 4A is an overall perspective view of the adopted headboard 2, FIG. 4B is an explanatory diagram of a usage state of the fixing bracket 4, and FIG. 4C is a perspective view of the fixing bracket 4.
The cap board 2 is a long aluminum alloy extruded product (standard: 3000 mm) having a general thickness of 2 mm, and as shown in FIG. 4A, a falling plate 2F having a height h2 of 45 mm and an upper surface The top horizontal plate 2T having a width WT of 75 mm, the falling edge 2P having a height d12 of 16 mm from the rear of the top horizontal plate 2T, and the width WB ′ (60 mm) forward from the lower end of the falling side 2P. A projecting piece protrudes and includes a lower horizontal plate 2B extending rearwardly by a width WB (115 mm). A falling plate 2F has a lower end inclined plate 2S having a width of 7 mm and a rearward 5 mm width. The rainwater rise prevention and reinforcement protrusion 2E is provided with a protrusion 2C forming an engagement groove 2G at the upper end with the lower surface of the top horizontal plate 2T. The overall height h2 is 45 mm and the overall width W2 is 190 mm.

The locking fixture 4 of the headboard 2 is an aluminum alloy product having a thickness of 2 mm. As shown in FIG. 4C, the width (W4 ′) is 12 mm and the height ( h4) is a bent piece having a vertical piece 4F of 18 mm and a lower horizontal piece 4B having a width (W4) of 35 mm and a length (L4) of 30 mm.
In the center of the lower horizontal piece 4B, a long hole H4 having a width of 4 mm and a length of 8 mm is provided in the front-rear direction, and as shown in FIG. Fix in place with screws 4N, insert the tip of the upper horizontal piece 4T into the engagement groove 2G inside the front end of the headboard 2 to lock the front edge of the headboard 2, and use the vertical piece 4F to vent the composite panel This assures an exhaust space of the rising air from the groove ar from the inner side to the outer side of the headboard falling plate 2F.

[Pole 6 (Fig. 6)]
6B is a front view of the pole, and FIG. 6C is a top view of the pole.
The pole 6 is installed upright in front of the inclined support plates 5S of the fence support bracket 5 so as to show the edge of the building and prevent a crash accident when there is a large amount of unexpected snowfall. .
As shown in FIGS. 6B and 6C, the pole 6 is a 2 mm thick square pipe made of aluminum, the width L6 of the front and rear side surfaces 6R is 60 mm, the width W6 of the left and right side surfaces 6L is 45 mm, and the height h6 is 6 mm. The upper side 6T is provided with a 5 mm thick plate, the upper side 6T is provided with a circular ring 6F having a diameter of 30 mm for rope insertion, and the air holes H6 are arranged in two rows on each of the side surfaces 6L and 6R.

[Attachment of Kasagi 2 (FIG. 3B)]
FIG. 3 (B) is an explanatory diagram of a state in which the headboard is attached to the outer heat insulating concrete building, and the outer heat insulating building adopts the outer heat insulating composite panel 9 as a formwork of the concrete outer wall by a conventional method. Integrate.
Next, as shown in FIG. 4 (B), the fixing bracket 4 is arranged and fixed at the upper end of the panel cement plate 9A at an appropriate interval by the screw 4N of the lower horizontal piece 4B, and the headboard 2 has an engagement groove 2G inside the front end. The lower horizontal plate 2B of the headboard 2 is placed over the waterproof layer 7A on the upper surface of the parapet P from the upper end of the composite panel 9, and the parapet P is fixed with bolts 2N. Secure to concrete.

[Erecting fence 3 (Fig. 2)]
2A is a perspective view of the fence 3 in a standing state, FIG. 2B is a front view of the fence 3 in a standing state, and FIG. 2C is a top view of the fence 3 in a standing state.
As shown in FIGS. 2 (B) and 2 (C), the fence 3 of a long object (standard: 3000 mm) is erected and fixed by the support fitting 5 arranged at the interval a3 (455 mm). At the fixing part of the support bracket 5, the vertical screw 3N of the vertical beam member 3P is once removed, the vertical partition (width: 15mm) 5P of the support metal member 5 is overlapped with the vertical beam member 3P (width: 15mm), and screwed again. 3N superimposes and integrates the screw hole H3 of the upper end crosspiece 3U, the screw hole H3 above the vertical crosspiece 3P, and the screw hole H3 above the vertical partition 5P of the support bracket 5 to form the lower end crosspiece 3D. Similarly, the lower end of the vertical crosspiece 3P and the lower end of the vertical partition 5P of the support metal 5 are also integrated with the screw 3N.

Next, as shown in FIGS. 2 (A) and 2 (C), the lower end of the rising plate 5A is brought into contact with the rear edge of the top horizontal plate 2T of the headboard 2 as shown in FIGS. The bottom plate of 5 is fixed by driving the parapet P of the bolt 5N into the concrete from the bolt insertion hole H5 of the step upper side 5E.
In this case, the bolt 5N employs a P-less anchor (trade name) manufactured by Sanko Techno Co., Ltd., having a tensile load of 340 kgf / 1 and having a diameter of 5 mm.
When mounting and mounting the support bracket bottom plate 5B, the inclined side plate 5S is provided with the groove 5G, and the bottom plate 5B is provided with a step upper side 5E corresponding to the groove 5G. If necessary, a small piece such as a rubber piece 7E may be interposed on the bottom surface of the bottom plate 5B.

  Therefore, in the snow scum prevention structure obtained, the fence 3 has a height (hw) of 310 mm and a vertical opening Wa group having a width a1 (50 mm) and a vertical beam member 3P group having a width a2 (15 mm). And the opening Wa having the same shape is held between the vertical partitions 5P having the same width as the vertical crosspieces 3P, and the lower end horizontal crosspieces between the support fittings 5 Between the 3D and the top surface of the top edge horizontal plate 2T, a horizontal opening Wb having a height hb of 30 mm is provided. The height h30 from the waterproof layer 7A on the top surface of the parapet of the fence 3 to the upper side 3T is 420 mm. Because it stands upright, when snowfalls on the rooftop, it blocks the snow layer from the inside of the fence (windward side) where snow puddle accumulates to the outside of the fence, and the formation and growth of snow ridges on the outside of the fence, that is, at the eaves Can be suitably suppressed, and the intended purpose of the present invention can be achieved.

If necessary, as shown in FIG. 1, the pole 6 is fitted between the side plates 5S of the support bracket 5 in a contact form with the rising plate 5A, and the bolt 6 is inserted through the bolt holes Hb of the side plates 5S. If the lower part and the middle part of the pole 6 are screwed and a rope (not shown) is stretched between the circular rings 6F of each pole 6, the pole 6 becomes a mark, and a snow removal worker crashes on the rooftop. It is also useful for prevention.
Further, since there is a drain hole 5W at the lower end of the inclined side plate 5S of the support bracket 5, the snowmelt water generated between the step top sides 5E of the support bracket bottom plate 5B can also be eliminated laterally.

It is a vertical side view of the present invention. It is arrangement | positioning explanatory drawing of a fence, Comprising: (A) is a partially vertical perspective view, (B) is the front view seen from the roof side, (C) is a top view. It is composite panel explanatory drawing, (A) is a perspective view of a breathable outer heat insulation composite panel, (B) is a vertical side view of the state which has placed the headboard on the composite panel. It is explanatory drawing of a headboard, Comprising: (A) is a perspective view of a headboard, (B) is a use condition figure of a headboard fixing bracket, (C) is a perspective view of a headboard fixing bracket. It is explanatory drawing of a fence support metal fitting, Comprising: (A) is a perspective view, (B) is a front view, (C) is a vertical side view, (D) is a top view. It is use member explanatory drawing of this invention, Comprising: (A) is a disassembled perspective view of a fence, (B) is a front view of a pole, (C) is a top view of a pole. It is explanatory drawing of the prior art example 1, Comprising: (A) is a vertical side view, (B) is a disassembled perspective view. It is a vertical side view of the prior art example 2. It is a use condition perspective view of conventional example 3.

Explanation of symbols

2 Kasagi 2B Lower horizontal plate 2B ', 2C, 2E Protruding piece 2F Falling plate 2G Engaging groove 2N, 5N, 6N Bolt 2P Falling side 2S Draining diagonal piece 2T Top end horizontal plate 3 Fence 3D Bottom side crosspiece 3F Standing Downward strip 3G Engagement groove 3N, 4N Screw 3P Vertical beam 3T Upper side 3U Upper side horizontal beam 3V Vertical horizontal plate 4 Fixing bracket 4B Lower horizontal piece 4F Vertical piece 4T Upper horizontal piece 5 Support metal fitting 5A Rising plate 5B Bottom plate 5D Horizontal lower side 5E Upper edge of the step (step)
5G Groove 5P Vertical partition 5S Inclined side plate 5U Horizontal upper side 5W Drain hole 6 Pole 6F Round ring 6L, 6R Side surface 6T Upper side 7A, 7B, 7C Waterproof layer 7E Rubber pieces 8, 9B Heat insulating layer 9 Breathable outer heat insulating composite panel (Composite panel)
9A Cement board 10 Exterior material ar Ventilation groove f Air flow H3 Screw hole H5 Bolt insertion hole H6 Air hole Hb Bolt hole P Parapet PT Top surface of roof outer edge (parapet top surface)
Pt Upper end S Roof floor slab W Concrete outer wall (outer wall)
Wa, Wb Opening Wf Wall surface

Claims (6)

It is a snowfall prevention structure in which a fence (3) is erected on the upper surface (PT) of the roof top of the building by a support metal fitting (5), and the fence (3) has an upper side crosspiece (3U) screw hole (H3 ) Provided with a vertical horizontal plate (3V), an upper side (3T), and a falling piece (3F) to form an engagement groove (3G), a bottom horizontal beam (3D) and a vertical beam (3P) ) Is a flat plate having a screw hole (H3), and the upper end (Pt) of the vertical beam (3P) is fitted into the engagement groove (3G) of the upper horizontal beam (3U) to By fastening the material (3U), the vertical beam material (3P), and the lower edge horizontal beam material (3D) with screws (3N) via the corresponding screw holes (H3) , It is integrated with a vertically long opening (Wa) that allows snow to blow through and suppresses the formation and growth of snow ridges, and is fixed to the support bracket (5) with the fence (3) arranged at intervals. , The support bracket (5) cornice preventing structure erected fixed to the roof outer upper surface (PT) a group.   The fence (3) according to claim 1, wherein the bottom crosspiece (3D) is arranged so as to form a lower opening (Wb) that allows snow to blow through. The support bracket (5) includes a front rising plate (5A), a fixing bottom plate (5B), and inclined side plates (5S) on both sides, and the rising plate (5A) has a horizontal upper side (5U) at the upper end. With a horizontal lower side (5D) at the lower end and vertical partitions (5P) on both sides, with a vertically long opening (Wa) aligned with the opening (Wa) of the fence (3) at the center The snowfall prevention structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein The support metal fitting (5) has the horizontal upper side (5U) of the rising plate (5A) fitted into the engagement groove (3G) of the upper end crosspiece (3U), and the vertical partitions (5P) on both sides are connected to the fence (3). It is aligned and brought into contact with the vertical beam member (3P), and is fixedly held to the fence (3) through the screw hole (H3) of the horizontal upper side (5U) and the screw hole (H3) of the horizontal lower side (5D). 3 snowfall prevention structure. The support bracket (5) has front and rear grooves (5G) formed on the bottom sides of both side plates (5S). In the bottom plate (5B), the groove (5G) corresponding portion is the step upper side (5E), and the step upper side (5E) The snow scum prevention structure according to claim 3 or 4 , wherein the bolt is fastened to the upper surface (PT) of the outer edge via the arranged bolt insertion hole (H5). The outer wall (W) of the building is provided with a breathable outer thermal insulation composite panel (9), and the front falling plate (2F), the top horizontal plate (2T), and the falling edge from the top horizontal plate (2T) ( 2P), the front end of the fixing bracket (4), which is fixed to the upper end of the cement plate (9A) of the composite panel (9) with the lower horizontal plate (2B) extending backward via 2P) Of the support metal fitting (5), which is arranged with two points of support in the front and rear, and is fixed to the top surface (PT) of the roof top edge (PT) of the lower horizontal plate (2B) with the bolt (2N). bottom plate (5B), coping (2) lower horizontal plate seated fixed over the waterproof layer of the outer upper surface (PT) from above (2B) (7A), the cornice prevention of any one of claims 1 to 5 Construction.

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