JP4758068B2 - Construction method and kiln - Google Patents
Construction method and kiln Download PDFInfo
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- JP4758068B2 JP4758068B2 JP2004053259A JP2004053259A JP4758068B2 JP 4758068 B2 JP4758068 B2 JP 4758068B2 JP 2004053259 A JP2004053259 A JP 2004053259A JP 2004053259 A JP2004053259 A JP 2004053259A JP 4758068 B2 JP4758068 B2 JP 4758068B2
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011088 parchment paper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011823 monolithic refractory Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011822 basic refractory Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- UAMZXLIURMNTHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3] UAMZXLIURMNTHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003465 moissanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
Description
本発明は溶融金属、溶融塩、高温物質を溶解、精錬、保持あるいは運搬するための窯炉の内張り耐火物築造方法および窯炉に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for constructing a refractory lining of a kiln and a kiln for melting, refining, holding or transporting molten metal, molten salt and high temperature materials.
近年、施工の簡便さなどから、窯炉の内張り耐火物に不定形耐火物が多く使用されるようになってきている。とりわけ、鉄鋼製造用の窯炉である取鍋やタンディッデュには、不定形耐火物が広く使用されている。
取鍋やタンディッシュの耐火物ライニングを築炉するに当たっては、まず鉄皮にパーマネント耐火物を施工する。パーマネント耐火物には、れんがを用いることが多いが、不定形耐火物や吹き付け耐火物を使用することもある。パーマネント耐火物築造の後、あるいは使用後の窯炉のウエア耐火物を解体除去してパーマネント耐火物を露出させた後、必要に応じて補修してから、ウエア用の不定形耐火物を施工する。窯炉の底に相当する部分はパーネント耐火物の上に直接流し込み、側壁に相当する部分の場合には型枠あるいは中子を設置してから流し込むことが通常行われる。
不定形耐火物は、通常は混練液として、耐火物粉末１００質量部に対して、水を４〜１０質量部程度加えて混練し、流し込み施工に供する。流し込まれた不定形耐火物は、硬化して施工体として必要な強度が発現するまで養生する。
In recent years, an amorphous refractory is increasingly used as a lining refractory for kilns because of the ease of construction. In particular, amorphous refractories are widely used in ladle and tandidu, which are kilns for steel production.
In constructing a ladle or tundish refractory lining, a permanent refractory is first applied to the iron skin. Permanent refractories often use bricks, but irregular refractories and sprayed refractories may also be used. After constructing the permanent refractory, or dismantling and removing the wear refractory from the kiln after use, expose the permanent refractory, then repair it as necessary, and then apply the irregular refractory for the wear. . The part corresponding to the bottom of the kiln is poured directly onto the permanent refractory, and in the case of the part corresponding to the side wall, it is usually carried out after a mold or core is installed.
The amorphous refractory is usually kneaded as a kneading liquid with about 4 to 10 parts by mass of water added to 100 parts by mass of the refractory powder, and then subjected to casting. The poured indeterminate refractory is cured until it hardens and the necessary strength is exhibited as a construction body.
不定形耐火物中の水は、硬化後は不要である。この不要となった水を乾燥工程で取り除く。通常はバーナー等で耐火物内張りを加熱して水を蒸発させて取り除く。この工程では幾つかの問題が発生し、これらを解決するための手段が提案されている。
例えば、特許文献１に記載の発明は、乾燥時にＳｉＯ２やＮａ２Ｏが水分と共に流し込み耐火物からパーマネント耐火物へと移動することによって引き起こされる、ウエア耐火物とパーマネント耐火物との強固な接着や、また水分が気化する際にパーマネント耐火物の組織が破壊されることに対して、これらを抑制することを目的として、黒鉛粉末を含有する無機塩からなるペーストをパーマネント耐火物層の表面に塗布することを提案している。
また、特許文献２〜４に記載の発明は、塩基性耐火物による内張りに、不定形耐火物を継ぎ足して施工した場合、乾燥する際に不定形耐火物から発生する蒸気によって、内張りの塩基性耐火物中のマグネシアなどが水和して耐火物が消化するという課題を解決するために、液状シリコーンや不透水性シートで塩基性耐火物よりなる内張りの使用後の表面を被覆した後に、その上に不定形耐火物を継ぎ足し施工する方法を提案している。
For example, the invention described in Patent Document 1 has a strong adhesion between a wear refractory and a permanent refractory caused by the movement of SiO 2 or Na 2 O together with moisture during drying to move from a refractory to a permanent refractory. In addition, a paste made of an inorganic salt containing graphite powder is applied to the surface of the permanent refractory layer for the purpose of suppressing the destruction of the structure of the permanent refractory when moisture evaporates. It is proposed to apply.
In addition, the inventions described in
しかし、上記の特許文献１に記載のペーストは遮水性が不十分であり、所望の遮水効果を得ることができない。
また、上記の特許文献２〜４に記載の液状シリコーンや不透水性シートで塩基性耐火物よりなる内張りの使用後の表面を被覆しても、乾燥する際に流し込み耐火物から発生する蒸気に起因する内張りの塩基性耐火物の消化を、完全に防止することは容易ではない。
However, the paste described in Patent Document 1 has insufficient water barrier properties and cannot obtain a desired water barrier effect.
Moreover, even if the surface after use of the lining made of a basic refractory is coated with the liquid silicone or the water-impermeable sheet described in
一方、上記の様な乾燥時ではなく、不定形耐火物の流し込み時において、パーマネント耐火物の上に、直接不定形耐火物を流し込んだ場合、以下の問題点がある。
すなわち、パーマネント耐火物に隣接して流し込まれた不定形耐火物中の水は、隣接するパーマネント耐火物に急速に吸い取られる。このため不定形耐火物の流動性は急速に低下し、流し込み作業に支障を来たすことがある。このため場合によっては規定量よりも多めに水を加えることがあり、この水分は、施工体の品質と耐用性を低下させる原因となっている。
他方、特に流動性が問題にならず過剰な水分を添加しない場合には、水和して施工体に強度を与えるアルミナセメントは、反応すべき水が不足して十分に水和できず、本来の強度が発現しない。これもまた施工体の品質を低下させる原因となっている。
On the other hand, when the amorphous refractory is poured directly on the permanent refractory when the amorphous refractory is poured, not at the time of drying as described above, there are the following problems.
That is, the water in the amorphous refractory poured in adjacent to the permanent refractory is rapidly absorbed by the adjacent permanent refractory. For this reason, the fluidity of the irregular shaped refractory rapidly decreases, which may hinder the pouring work. For this reason, in some cases, water may be added in a larger amount than the prescribed amount, and this moisture causes the quality and durability of the construction body to deteriorate.
On the other hand, especially when fluidity does not become a problem and excessive water is not added, alumina cement that hydrates and gives strength to the construction body cannot be sufficiently hydrated due to insufficient water to react. The strength of is not expressed. This also causes the quality of the construction body to deteriorate.
以上の通り、乾燥時のパーマネント耐火物と不定形耐火物との間の水蒸気の遮水の必要性については認識されていたものの、その対策は充分ではなかった。
一方で、不定形耐火物の流し込み時において、不定形耐火物の液体水分が、パーマネント耐火物へ移行する問題点については、何ら認識されていなかった。
本発明は、低水分であって、かつ水和反応等の水が関与する反応が十分な、高品質の不定形耐火物を用いて施工体を得る築炉方法、およびその様に施工して得られた窯炉を提供することを目的とする。
As described above, although the necessity of water vapor shielding between the permanent refractory and the amorphous refractory during drying was recognized, the countermeasure was not sufficient.
On the other hand, at the time of pouring the amorphous refractory, no problem has been recognized about the problem that the liquid moisture of the amorphous refractory shifts to the permanent refractory.
The present invention relates to a method of building a furnace using a high-quality amorphous refractory that has a low moisture content and has a sufficient water-related reaction such as a hydration reaction. It aims at providing the obtained kiln.
この課題を解決するための手段としての本発明は以下のとおりである。
（１）窯炉の内張り耐火物を施工する際、パーマネント耐火物を施工した後に、あるいは使用し終えたウエア耐火物を除去してパーマネント耐火物を露出させた後に、遮水性を有するシートを用いて、パーマネント耐火物表面の一部あるいは全部を被覆し、さらにその上に不定形耐火物を施工する方法であって、遮水性を有するシートとして、硫酸紙、パラフィン紙の１種以上を用いることを特徴とする築炉方法。
（２）パーマネント耐火物とウエア耐火物の間に遮水性を有する層が存在する窯炉であって、遮水性を有する層が、硫酸紙、パラフィン紙の１種以上からなることを特徴とする窯炉。
The present invention as means for solving this problem is as follows.
(1) When installing a refractory lining of the kiln, after the construction of the permanent refractory, or wear refractories finished with removed after exposing the permanent refractory, a sheet having a water-blocking This is a method of coating a part or all of the surface of a permanent refractory, and then applying an irregular refractory thereon, and using one or more of sulfuric acid paper and paraffin paper as a sheet having water shielding properties. Furnace method characterized by there.
(2) a kiln which the layer is present with an aqueous barrier between the permanent refractory and wear refractory, layer having a water-blocking, characterized in that it consists of parchment paper, one or more wax paper Kiln furnace.
本発明により窯炉の耐火物ライニングの耐用性を向上させることができ、耐火物コストの削減、窯炉設備の安定稼動に貢献できる。 According to the present invention, the durability of the refractory lining of the kiln can be improved, and the refractory cost can be reduced and the furnace operation can be stably performed.
本発明者らは、築造後、あるいは露出させたパーマネント耐火物が、隣接して流し込まれた不定形耐火物中の水分を吸収するという課題に対し、パーマネント耐火物と不定形耐火物との間の液体水分の遮水を適切に施すことにより、低水分で高品質の不定形耐火物を用いて施工体を得ることができることに着目し、本発明を考案するに至った。
以下に本発明を詳細に説明する。
The present inventors addressed the problem that the permanent refractory after construction or exposed absorbs moisture in the amorphous refractory poured in adjacently, between the permanent refractory and the amorphous refractory. The present invention has been devised by paying attention to the fact that it is possible to obtain a construction body using a low-moisture and high-quality irregular refractory material by appropriately applying the liquid moisture shielding.
The present invention is described in detail below.
まず、窯炉の内張り耐火物を施工する際、パーマネント耐火物を施工した後に、あるいは使用し終えたウエア耐火物を除去してパーマネント耐火物を露出させる。
次に、遮水性を有するシートを用いて、パーマネント耐火物表面の一部あるいは全部を被覆しておき、その後、必要に応じて補修してから、ウエア用の不定形耐火物を施工することにより、パーマネント耐火物と不定形耐火物との間の液体水分の遮水を施すことができる。
First, when constructing the refractory lining the kiln, the permanent refractory is exposed after the permanent refractory is constructed or by removing the wear refractory that has been used.
Then, using a sheet having a water-blocking, leave covers a portion or all of the permanent refractory surface, then, since the repaired if necessary, to applying a monolithic refractory for wear Thus, it is possible to provide a liquid moisture barrier between the permanent refractory and the irregular refractory.
ここで、遮水性を有するシートを用いて施工した場合、パーマネント耐火物表面に遮水性を有する層を設けることができる。 Here, when it constructs using the sheet | seat which has water shielding, the layer which has water shielding can be provided in the permanent refractory surface .
遮水性を有するシートとしては、油脂や樹脂などを含浸させるなどして耐水性と遮水性を付与した紙、ポリエチレンや塩化ビニルなどの合成樹脂製のシートが例示できる。また以下に述べる塗布剤として記載した樹脂のシートも使用可能である。
また、遮水性を有するシートの施工方法としては、接着剤による貼付、粘着テープ、ピン、錘等による仮止めなどの方法によることもできるし、炉底の場合は敷いておくだけでも十分な場合もある。場合によってはパーマネントれんがの目地に端を挟んで固定することもできる。
上記シートの形状や大きさには特に制限はなく、施工面積に応じて効率的な大きさを選択すればよい。
Examples of the sheet having water-impervious properties include paper that has been provided with water resistance and water-impervious property by impregnation with oils and fats, resins, and the like, and sheets made of synthetic resin such as polyethylene and vinyl chloride. Moreover, the resin sheet described as a coating agent described below can also be used.
In addition, as a construction method of the sheet having water-impervious properties, it is possible to use a method such as sticking with an adhesive, temporary fixing with an adhesive tape, a pin, a weight, or the like. There is also. In some cases, the edge can be fixed to the joint of a permanent brick.
There is no restriction | limiting in particular in the shape and magnitude | size of the said sheet | seat, What is necessary is just to select an efficient magnitude | size according to a construction area.
なお築造前のれんが単品に事前にシートを貼付しておくこともできる。 It is also possible to have assigned sticking front of the brick single item in advance of the sheet, such your construction.
前記の遮水性を有するシートによる被覆は、必要に応じてパーマネント耐火物表面の一部または全面とする。ウエアを形成させる不定形耐火物は常法とおりに混練して、被覆した部分の表面側（側壁の場合は横あるいは手前、天井の場合は下）に施工する。必要に応じて型枠や中子を使用してよい。 Coated by sheet having said impermeability is a part or the entire surface of the permanent refractory surface if necessary. The irregular refractory for forming the wear is kneaded in the usual manner and applied to the surface side of the coated part (side or front side for side walls, bottom for ceilings). Formwork and cores may be used as necessary.
ところで、副次的な問題として、不定形耐火物の流し込みを行った後に実施する乾燥中に、不定形耐火物から発生する蒸気が遮水性を有する層に阻まれて逃げ場を失い、施工体を爆裂させることが懸念される。
この様な懸念がある場合は、遮水性を有する層は、低温では水を通さず、高温では蒸気を通す性質があることが望ましい。
そのためには、低温ではパーマネント耐火物とウエア耐火物の間に層を形成しているが、高温になると溶融して両耐火物に吸収されて層がなくなり、蒸気の流通を妨げなくなるものを用いることが望ましい。
ここで、低温とは流し込み施工と養生を行う温度を意味しており、概ね５０℃以下である。また、高温とは水蒸気が発生し始める温度を意味しており、概ね７０℃以上である。特に水蒸気が大量に発生する温度は、概ね１００℃以上である。
By the way, as a secondary problem, the steam generated from the amorphous refractory is blocked by a layer having water-imperviousness during the drying that is performed after pouring the irregular refractory, and the escape place is lost. There is concern about the explosion.
When there is such a concern, it is desirable that the layer having a water-impervious property has a property of not allowing water to pass at a low temperature and allowing steam to pass at a high temperature.
For this purpose, a layer is formed between the permanent refractory and the wear refractory at low temperatures, but when the temperature becomes high, the layer is melted and absorbed by both refractories and the layer disappears, so that the flow of steam is not hindered. It is desirable.
Here, the low temperature means a temperature at which casting and curing are performed, and is generally 50 ° C. or lower. The high temperature means a temperature at which water vapor begins to be generated, and is generally 70 ° C. or higher. In particular, the temperature at which a large amount of water vapor is generated is approximately 100 ° C. or higher.
この様な、低温では水を通さず、高温では水蒸気を通す性質を有するシートとしては硫酸紙、パラフィン紙が挙げられる。
これらのシートは、５０〜７０℃程度で溶融するものを選択することにより、取扱いやすいため好ましい。
Examples of such a sheet having the property of not allowing water to pass at low temperatures and allowing water vapor to pass at high temperatures include sulfate paper and paraffin paper .
These sheets, by selecting the one that melts at about 50-70 ° C., and is easily handled preferable.
パーマネント耐火物は不定形と定形のいずれでも差し支えない。またパーマネント耐火物の材質も問わない。たとえば、ろう石、ジルコン、粘土、シャモット、ハイアルミナ、アルミナ、スピネル、ＳｉＣ、あるいはこれらのうちの２種以上の組み合わせからなる材質の耐火物が使用可能である。
しかしながら、パーマネント耐火物の材質については、乾燥時において、不定形耐火物に由来する水分によりパーマネント耐火物の構成要素、すなわち耐火物を構成するマグネシア（ペリクレス）、ドロマイト、カルシアなどが水和し消化することが懸念される場合は、パーマネント耐火物として塩基性耐火物は極力避けることが好ましい。
Permanent refractories can be either amorphous or fixed. The material of the permanent refractory is not limited. For example, a refractory material made of wax, zircon, clay, chamotte, high alumina, alumina, spinel, SiC, or a combination of two or more of these can be used.
However, regarding the material of permanent refractories, the components of permanent refractories, that is, magnesia (pericles), dolomite, calcia, etc. that constitute refractories are hydrated and digested by moisture derived from the amorphous refractories during drying. If there is a concern, it is preferable to avoid a basic refractory as much as possible as a permanent refractory.
また、不定形耐火物の材質には制限はない。主要な不定形耐火物である中性のアルミナ質、ハイアルミナ質、アルミナ−シリカ質、アルミナ−スピネル質、アルミナ−マグネシア質、アルミナ−カーボン質、アルミナ−ＳｉＣ質、アルミナ−ＳｉＣ−カーボン質およびこれらの組み合わせである材質には問題なく適用できる。また、不定形耐火物の養生、乾燥、使用は常法通りでよい。 Moreover, there is no restriction | limiting in the material of an amorphous refractory. The main amorphous refractories are neutral alumina, high alumina, alumina-silica, alumina-spinel, alumina-magnesia, alumina-carbon, alumina-SiC, alumina-SiC-carbon and The combination of these materials can be applied without problems. In addition, curing, drying, and use of the amorphous refractory may be performed in a conventional manner.
本発明は、パーマネント耐火物に隣接して不定形耐火物を施工するすべての場合に適用可能である。このような構成を取っている鉄鋼用の主要な窯炉は取鍋やタンディッシュ等が挙げられるが、これ以外の鉄鋼用以外を含めた窯炉にも広く適用可能である。 The present invention is applicable to all cases in which an amorphous refractory is applied adjacent to a permanent refractory. Although the main kilns for steel having such a configuration include ladles and tundishes, they are widely applicable to other kilns including those other than those for steel.
３００ｔ溶鋼取鍋の敷と側壁に本発明を適用した実施例について以下に説明する。
まず、ろう石れんがで敷を、また側壁をろう石れんがとジルコンれんが（スラグライン部分のみ）で側壁を築造し、パーマネント耐火物とした。築造後にはバーナーを用いて耐火物を乾燥させた。
側壁のパーマネント耐火物には、アルキル樹脂系の油性防水ペイントを刷毛で側壁の全面に塗布し、その後約１日間自然乾燥させた。
また、敷のパーマネント耐火物の表面の全面を覆う様に、約７６０ｍｍ×１０００ｍｍのシート状硫酸紙を敷き詰め、所々を粘着テープで仮止めした。
敷にはアルミナ−スピネル質の粉末１００質量部に対して、水分７．４質量部を添加して混練した不定形耐火物（キャスタブル耐火物）を、厚さ２３０ｍｍ分流し込んだ。
An embodiment in which the present invention is applied to the floor and side walls of a 300 t molten steel ladle will be described below.
First, the side walls were constructed with wax stone bricks, and the side walls were constructed with wax stone bricks and zircon bricks (only the slag line part) to make permanent refractories. After construction, the refractory was dried using a burner.
For the permanent refractory on the side wall, an alkyl resin-based oil-based waterproof paint was applied to the entire side wall with a brush and then allowed to air dry for about 1 day.
Further, a sheet-like sulfuric acid paper of about 760 mm × 1000 mm was spread so as to cover the entire surface of the permanent refractory material on the floor, and the places were temporarily fixed with an adhesive tape.
An amorphous refractory (castable refractory) kneaded by adding 7.4 parts by weight of water to 100 parts by weight of alumina-spinel powder was poured into the floor for a thickness of 230 mm.
従来の添加水分量は７．６質量部であったが、硫酸紙を敷き詰めたところ流動性が大幅に改善されたので、水分を０．２質量部減じて混練して、不定形耐火物を流し込んだ。流し込み施工後は約１日間常温で養生した。
その後、加振装置を装備した側壁流し込み用の中子を敷の上に載せてセットした。側壁はアルミナ−マグネシア質の粉末１００質量部に対して、水分５．２質量部を添加して混練した不定形耐火物（キャスタブル耐火物）を、平均１４０ｍｍの厚みで流し込んだ。
The amount of water added in the past was 7.6 parts by weight, but when the sulfuric acid paper was spread, the fluidity was greatly improved. Poured. After casting, it was cured at room temperature for about 1 day.
Thereafter, a core for side wall pouring equipped with a vibration device was placed on the floor and set. As for the side wall, an amorphous refractory (castable refractory) kneaded by adding 5.2 parts by weight of water to 100 parts by weight of alumina-magnesia powder was poured in an average thickness of 140 mm.
従来の添加水分量は５．３質量部であるが、中子を振動させると微粉が懸濁した水分が分離して上端に浮上してくるため、水分を０．１質量部減じて混練して、不定形耐火物を流し込んだ。なお、流し込み後の取鍋耐火物の構造を、中子を無視して模式的に示すと図１のようになる。
約半日間そのままで養生してから中子を取り外し、スラグライン部にマグカーボン質れんがを築造した。その後バーナーを用いて、およそ４０時間かけて耐火物を乾燥させ、さらに予熱してから実使用に供した。なお乾燥中に流し込んだ不定形耐火物は爆裂しなかった。
The conventional amount of added water is 5.3 parts by mass, but when the core is vibrated, the water in which the fine powder is suspended separates and floats to the top, so the water content is reduced by 0.1 parts by mass and kneaded. And poured in an irregular refractory. The structure of the ladle refractory after pouring is schematically shown in FIG. 1 ignoring the core.
After curing for about half a day, the core was removed and a mug carbon brick was built in the slag line. Thereafter, the refractory was dried for about 40 hours using a burner, and further preheated before use. The amorphous refractory poured during drying did not explode.
この様にして築造した溶鋼取鍋を６０回使用した時点で、敷の一部から試料を取り出し、その品質を調査した。
比較用の通常施工品（遮水層なしで、その他は実施例と同じ場合）は嵩比重２．８２、見掛気孔率２２．７容量％で、亀裂が多く、ぼろついていた。
これに対して硫酸紙を施工した取鍋の敷から採取したものは、嵩比重２．８７、見掛気孔率２２．３容量％と高比重低気孔率で、亀裂は少なく、ぼろつきもなく、品質良好であった。硫酸紙は残存していなかったが、敷設時の皺が転写されていた。
When the molten steel ladle constructed in this way was used 60 times, a sample was taken out from a part of the bed and the quality was investigated.
The normal construction product for comparison (without the water-impervious layer, otherwise the same as the example) had a bulk specific gravity of 2.82, an apparent porosity of 22.7% by volume, and many cracks and rags.
On the other hand, the sample collected from the ladle laid with sulfuric acid paper has a bulk specific gravity of 2.87, an apparent porosity of 22.3% by volume, a high specific gravity and low porosity, few cracks, and no rags. The quality was good. The sulfuric acid paper did not remain, but the wrinkles at the time of laying were transferred.
溶鋼取鍋の敷は、羽口や湯当ブロックの交換に伴い、定期的な部分解体と継ぎ足し補修を被るので、その良否は損耗速度では比較しにくい。ただし施工体の状況が良好であれば、部分解体と補修の量が減少する。この視点で比較すると、敷パーマネント耐火物面に硫酸紙を敷設した溶鋼取鍋の敷補修量は、従来法の場合のばらつきの範囲の下限付近でばらついており、敷補修量を低減でき、耐用性が良好であったことがわかった。
他方、側壁の損耗速度は、従来法の場合のばらつきの範囲の下限付近でばらついており、こちらも耐用性が良好であることがわかった。
敷と側壁のいずれでも耐用性が良好であったのは、遮水により添加水分量が削減でき、流し込み耐火物施工体の品質が向上したためと考えられる。
As the ladle of the molten steel ladle is repaired by periodically adding and repairing with the replacement of the tuyere and hot water block, its quality is difficult to compare with the wear rate. However, if the condition of the construction body is good, the amount of partial disassembly and repair will be reduced. Compared with this viewpoint, the amount of repair of the molten steel ladle with sulfuric acid paper laid on the surface of the floor permanent refractory varies in the vicinity of the lower limit of the range of variation in the conventional method, and the amount of repair can be reduced. It was found that the property was good.
On the other hand, the wear rate of the side wall varies in the vicinity of the lower limit of the range of variation in the case of the conventional method, and it was found that this also has good durability.
The reason why the durability was good in both the floor and the side wall is thought to be because the amount of added water could be reduced by water shielding, and the quality of the cast refractory construction body was improved.
１ 鉄皮
２ 敷のパーマネント耐火物
３ 側壁のパーマネント耐火物
４ 遮水シート
５ 粘着テープ
６ 遮水塗布剤
７ 敷の流し込み材
８ 側壁の流し込み材
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