JP2011179750A - Lining structure and method of constructing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress the efflorescence phenomenon in a lining structure. <P>SOLUTION: The lining structure includes an impermeable layer inhibiting movement of water in any position in the thickness direction of the lining layer, while including a shell, studs fixed to the shell and a lining layer laminated on the shell. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a lining structure used for industrial furnaces such as heating furnaces, soaking furnaces, incinerators, pipes through which high-temperature fluid circulates, flues such as ducts, or wall surfaces of buildings containing furnaces and pipes, etc. And its construction method.

  For industrial furnaces such as heating furnaces, soaking furnaces, incinerators, pipes through which high-temperature gas circulates, such as pipes connected to the furnaces, flue such as ducts, or wall surfaces of buildings containing furnaces and pipes, etc. In general, the surface is made of iron skin and the inside is lined with a heat-resistant material.

  For example, FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a cylindrical lining structure used for piping lining, and a cylindrical iron skin in which reinforcing members called studs 2 are projected at predetermined intervals on the inner peripheral surface. A lining layer 3 is formed on the inner surface of 1 so that the stud 2 is hidden. In order to manufacture such a lining structure, first, a cylindrical form 1 having an outer diameter corresponding to the thickness of the lining layer 3 is set up with a cylindrical iron skin 1 provided with studs 2 protruding vertically. Are installed concentrically inside the iron skin 1. Next, a kneaded material obtained by kneading refractory aggregate or cement in water is poured between the iron skin 1 and the mold, and after curing, the mold is removed to form the lining layer 3.

  However, in the construction of the furnace equipment, the lining structures are connected to form a pipe having a predetermined shape, connected to the exhaust port of the furnace, and then the furnace is operated to distribute the high-temperature gas throughout the pipe. 3 is dry. The moisture contained in the lining layer 3 is completely removed by such drying. Recently, as the size of the furnace equipment is increased, the length of the piping is increased, and accordingly, the period until the lining layer is dried tends to be longer. In addition, with the increase in construction overseas, there are increasing opportunities for, for example, transporting lining structures manufactured in Japan to overseas and assembling them locally. Due to such a prolonged storage period of the lining structure, spots having a color different from that of the background, which is generally referred to as “white flower phenomenon”, are generated on the surface of the lining layer 3, or the spots are peeled off. Many people are seeing the situation. The white flower phenomenon is that when the moisture contained in the kneaded material evaporates during curing, the metal ions eluted from the aggregate and cement migrate and come into contact with the air as the moisture migrates to the surface. It is thought that this is caused by oxidation and precipitation as a metal oxide.

  In recent years, there has been a strong demand for further improvement in heat resistance, and weight reduction has been demanded. As shown in FIG. 8, the heat insulating layer 10 and the refractory layer 11 are sequentially formed from the iron skin side. A lining structure having a two-layer lining layer 3 </ b> A laminated with the above is also widely used (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The heat insulating layer 10 is lightweight because it includes a lightweight aggregate such as silica hollow particles, and has a heat insulating action by an air layer inside the aggregate. On the other hand, since the refractory layer 11 is in direct contact with an erodible high-temperature fluid, the refractory layer 11 includes refractory aggregates such as silicon carbide having excellent corrosion resistance and alumina and silica having excellent heat resistance.

  In order to manufacture a lining structure having the lining layer 3A having a two-layer structure, first, the inner thickness of the iron skin 1 in which the stud 2 protrudes from the inner peripheral surface corresponds to, for example, the middle thickness of the stud 2. After installing a cylindrical first formwork having an outer diameter, pouring a kneaded material in which light aggregate or cement is kneaded in water between the iron shell 1 and the first formwork, 1 formwork is removed and the heat insulation layer 10 is formed. Next, a cylindrical second mold having an outer diameter that hides the stud 2 is installed inside the heat insulation layer 10, and a refractory aggregate or cement is placed between the heat insulation layer 10 and the second mold. After pouring a kneaded material kneaded in water and curing, the second mold is removed to form the refractory layer 11.

  In the lining structure having the lining layer 3A having the two-layer structure, the high temperature gas is circulated after forming the pipe in the construction of the furnace equipment in the same manner as the lining structure having the lining layer 3 having the one-layer structure. Dried. For this reason, as in the case of the lining structure having the lining layer 3 having a single-layer structure, there is a concern that the whitening phenomenon of the refractory layer 11 is frequently generated as the storage period becomes longer. Moreover, in the lining structure having the lining layer 3A having the two-layer structure, since the heat insulating layer 10 containing a large amount of moisture exists under the refractory layer 11, the refractory layer 11 is transferred from the heat insulating layer 10 to the moisture contained therein. There is a concern that moisture may be added and the white flower phenomenon is more likely to occur. In addition, the heat insulation layer 10 can reduce a density by containing much water | moisture content, and since an air layer increases to that extent, heat insulation improves.

JP 2003-261390 A

  In the future, the size of facilities and construction overseas will increase, and the suppression of the white flower phenomenon will be an increasingly important issue in the future. Objective.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following lining structure and its construction method.
(1) Iron skin,
A stud fixed to the iron skin,
With a lining layer laminated on the iron skin,
A lining structure characterized in that an impermeable layer that prevents water movement is provided at an arbitrary position in the thickness direction of the lining layer.
(2) lining layer is laminated to the steel shell, and the heat insulating layer of density 0.2~1.7g / cm ^3, laminated on the insulation layer, and the refractory layer of density 2.0 to 6.0 g / cm ³ With
The lining structure according to (1) above, wherein a water-impermeable layer is provided at a boundary between the heat-insulating layer and the refractory layer or at an arbitrary position in the thickness direction of the refractory layer.
(3) The lining structure according to (1) or (2), wherein the water-impermeable layer contains a synthetic resin.
(4) fixing the stud to the curved or cylindrical iron skin;
A step of vertically arranging the iron skin on which the stud is fixed, and a step of installing the first formwork installed inside the iron skin;
Pouring a kneaded material containing aggregate, cement and water between the iron skin and the first mold, curing, and then removing the first mold to form the first lining layer;
Forming an impermeable layer that hinders the movement of water on the surface of the first lining layer;
Installing a second formwork inside the impermeable layer;
Pouring a kneaded material containing aggregate, cement and water between the impermeable layer and the second mold, curing, and then removing the second mold to form the second lining layer;
A method for constructing a lining structure characterized by comprising:
(5) a step of fixing the stud to the flat iron skin;
A step of horizontally arranging the iron skin to which the stud is fixed, and setting a form so as to surround the iron skin;
Pouring a kneaded material containing aggregate, cement and water into the mold, and curing to form a first lining layer;
Forming an impermeable layer that hinders the movement of water on the surface of the first lining layer;
Pouring a kneaded material containing aggregate, cement and water into the mold with the impermeable layer formed, curing, and then removing the mold to form a second lining layer;
A method for constructing a lining structure characterized by comprising:
(6) In the step of forming the first lining layer, while pouring a kneaded material containing lightweight aggregate, cement and water,
In the step of forming the second lining layer, a kneaded material containing a refractory aggregate, cement and water is poured into the lining structure as described in (4) or (5) above.
(7) The method for constructing a lining structure according to any one of (4) to (6) above, wherein a coating liquid containing a synthetic resin is applied and dried to form an impermeable layer.
(8) The construction method for a lining structure according to any one of (4) to (6), wherein a sheet made of synthetic resin is attached to form an impermeable layer.

  In the present invention, in the lining layer, the water impermeable layer prevents the moisture from moving to the surface, so that the occurrence of the white flower phenomenon can be suppressed. In particular, in a lining layer having a two-layer structure of a heat insulating layer and a refractory layer, the movement of moisture from the heat insulating layer containing a large amount of water to the refractory layer is hindered, so that the effect of preventing the white flower phenomenon becomes remarkable.

It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the lining structure which has a lining layer of the 1 layer structure of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the manufacturing method of the lining structure shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the lining structure which has a lining layer of the 2 layer structure of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the other example of the lining structure which has a lining layer of the 2 layer structure of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the lining structure which has the flat iron skin of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the manufacturing method of a flat lining structure. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the lining structure which has the lining layer of the conventional 1 layer structure. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the lining structure which has the lining layer of the conventional 2 layer structure.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a lining structure having a lining layer having a single-layer structure according to the present invention, and shows an enlarged view corresponding to a portion A in FIG.

  As shown in the drawing, the lining layer 3 is formed inside the iron shell 1 to which the stud 2 is fixed. However, the lining layer 3 has an arbitrary position in the thickness direction to prevent water from moving. An impermeable layer 20 is formed.

  In order to manufacture such a lining structure, first, as shown in FIG. 2A, an iron skin 1 to which a stud 2 is fixed is arranged vertically, and a protrusion length H of the stud 2 is provided on the inside thereof. A first mold 40 having an outer diameter corresponding to any lower position L is installed. Then, a kneaded material containing a material for forming the lining layer 3 is poured between the iron skin 1 and the first mold 40 and cured. By this curing, the first lining layer 3a is formed as shown in FIG. Next, as shown in FIG. 2C, the impermeable layer 20 is formed on the surface of the first lining layer 3a. Then, as shown in FIG. 2 (d), the second mold 41 is installed inside the tip of the stud 2, and the first lining is placed between the impermeable layer 20 and the second mold 41. The kneaded material used to form the layer 3a is poured and cured. By this curing, the second lining layer 3b is formed. The first lining layer 3a and the second lining layer 3b constitute the lining layer 3.

  For the formation of the water-impermeable layer 20, a method of applying a coating solution containing a synthetic resin by using a brush, a roller, or a spray and drying it is simple and preferable. However, a synthetic resin sheet may be attached. Synthetic resins include general-purpose resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, vinyl chloride resin, polystyrene, ABS resin, methacrylic resin, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polyimide, fluororesin, thermoplastic elastomer, biodegradable resin, and fiber-based resin. Thermosetting resins such as thermoplastic resins, phenolic resins, unsaturated polyesters, epoxy resins, polyurethanes, and silicone resins are suitable, but polyethylene, polypropylene, and unsaturated polyesters are suitable because they are readily available. The film thickness of the water-impermeable layer is not particularly limited, but 1 μm to 10 mm, preferably 1 μm to 1 mm is suitable so as not to be broken when the kneaded material for forming the second lining layer 3 b is poured. .

  Further, the impermeable layer 20 is not limited to the above-described resin, and there is no particular problem as long as the movement of water can be suppressed. For example, ceramic such as glass, or metal such as stainless steel foil or aluminum foil may be used.

  The kneaded material for forming the lining layers 3a, 3b is not limited as long as it has heat resistance and fire resistance, and is mainly kneaded with aggregate and cement and water. For example, a kneaded material obtained by kneading 70 to 90 parts by mass of aggregate, 10 to 30 parts by mass of cement, and 5 to 200 parts by mass of water can be used. Moreover, when it is going to form the heat insulation layer mentioned later, the addition amount of water becomes like this. Preferably it is 10-200 mass parts, More preferably, it is 15-200 mass parts, Most preferably, it can also be 30-200 mass parts. When an attempt is made to form a fireproof layer to be described later, the amount of water is preferably 5 to 30 parts by mass, more preferably 5 to 25 parts by mass, and particularly preferably 5 to 20 parts by mass.

  Aggregates include porous lightweight aggregates such as vermiculite, perlite, and hollow silica, lightweight aggregates such as chamotte, selben, quartzite, sinter alumina, refractory bricks, silicon carbide, alumina aggregate, mullite aggregate, Refractory aggregates such as silica / alumina aggregates, such as Andalusite and Bang Shale, and siliceous aggregates.

  The particle size of such aggregate is not particularly limited as long as the expected effect can be obtained, for example, 0.1 to 6.5 mm, preferably 0.5 to 4 mm coarse particles, It can also be set to 0.15 to 1.18 mm medium and fine particles of less than 150 μm, and these coarse, medium and fine particles may be combined.

  Apart from these aggregates, inorganic ultrafine powders such as alumina ultrafine powder, silica ultrafine powder, silica stone powder, diatomaceous earth, and clay having a particle size of 0.01 to 20 μm, preferably 0.07 to 10 μm, if necessary. May be added. According to such an inorganic ultrafine powder, the lining layer can be further densified. The compounding quantity of such inorganic ultrafine powder should just be 0.01-0.10 mass part, respectively with respect to a total of 100 mass parts of aggregate and cement.

The cement is not particularly limited as long as it functions as a binder, and examples thereof include hydraulic cements such as pordrant cement, white cement, fly ash cement, silica cement, and alumina cement. In the present invention, alumina cement having high heat resistance can be suitably used. Here, the alumina cement is a cement mainly composed of CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ , and for example, the Al ₂ O ₃ ratio may be 40% by mass or more, preferably 50% by mass or more.

  Further, if necessary, for example, dispersants such as naphthalene sulfonic acid, phosphate, carboxylic acid, acrylic acid, lignin sulfonic acid, polyalcohol and other organic substances and salts, for example, polycarboxylic acid You may add hardening retarders, such as a salt, dry explosion prevention agents, such as metal aluminum, an oxycarboxylate, and an organic fiber. The blending amount of such a dispersant, a curing retarder, and a dry explosion inhibitor may be 0.01 to 0.10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the aggregate and the cement, respectively.

  In addition, there is no restriction | limiting in the method of pouring a kneaded material, However, The method of pouring into a formwork by the self flow by gravity, without giving vibration of a vibrator etc., the method of pouring by pumping, etc. are mentioned. According to the self-flow construction method, equipment such as a vibrator is unnecessary, and the cost can be reduced. Moreover, by using pump construction together, construction efficiency is improved, and construction time can be shortened and workers can be reduced.

In the present invention, the running structure may be a lining layer 3A having a two-layer structure of a heat insulating layer 10 and a refractory layer 11 as shown in FIG. That is, FIG. 3 shows an enlarged view corresponding to the portion B of FIG. 8, but the impermeable layer 20 is formed on the surface of the heat insulating layer 10 laminated on the iron skin 1 on which the stud 2 protrudes. A lining structure in which a refractory layer 11 is formed on 20 can be obtained. The density of the heat insulating layer 10 is not particularly limited as long as it is lower than the density of the refractory layer 11, but may be 0.2 to 1.7 g / cm ³ , for example. The density of the refractory layer 11 is not particularly limited as long as it is higher than the density of the heat insulating layer, but may be, for example, 2.0 to 6.0 g / cm ³ . As the density of the heat insulating layer 10 decreases, the number of air layers increases, so the heat insulating property is improved accordingly.

  The manufacturing method can follow the steps shown in FIG. 2, and instead of pouring the kneaded material for forming the first lining layer 3a in (a), the kneaded material for forming the heat insulating layer 10 described below is poured, and (d ), A kneaded material for forming a fireproof layer 11 to be described later as the second lining layer 3b may be poured.

  Although there is no restriction | limiting in the kneaded material which forms the heat insulation layer 10, For example, the kneaded material which knead | mixed 70-80 mass parts of lightweight aggregate mentioned above, 20-30 mass parts of cement, and 5-200 mass parts of water can be used. In addition to the lightweight aggregate, a refractory aggregate may be included as necessary. In that case, the compounding quantity can use the kneaded material which knead | mixed 60-70 mass parts of lightweight aggregates, 1-10 mass parts of refractory aggregates, 20-30 mass parts of cement, and 5-200 mass parts of water. Here, the addition amount of water is preferably 10 to 200 parts by mass, more preferably 15 to 200 parts by mass, and particularly preferably 30 to 200 parts by mass.

  Although there is no restriction | limiting in the kneaded material which forms the fireproof layer 11, For example, the kneaded material which knead | mixed 80-90 mass parts of refractory aggregates mentioned above, 10-20 mass parts of cement, and 5-200 mass parts of water can be used, Preferably, a kneaded material obtained by kneading 80 to 90 parts by mass of the above-described refractory aggregate, 10 to 20 parts by mass of cement, 1 to 10 parts by mass of inorganic ultrafine powder, and 5 to 200 parts by mass of water can be used. In addition to the refractory aggregate, a lightweight aggregate may be included as necessary. In that case, the compounding quantity can use the kneaded material which knead | mixed 70-80 mass parts of refractory aggregates, 1-10 mass parts of lightweight aggregates, 20-30 mass parts of cement, and 5-200 mass parts of water. Here, the addition amount of water is preferably 5 to 30 parts by mass, more preferably 5 to 20 parts by mass, and particularly preferably 5 to 25 parts by mass.

  Further, in the lining structure having the lining layer 3A having the two-layer structure, the impermeable layer 20 may be formed at an arbitrary position of the refractory layer 11 as shown in FIG. That is, the first refractory layer 11a is formed on the heat insulating layer 10 with a predetermined thickness, the impermeable layer 20 is formed on the surface of the first refractory layer 11a, and the second impermeable layer 20 is formed on the surface of the impermeable layer 20. The refractory layer 11b is formed to have the original refractory layer thickness. In addition, the code | symbol 30 in a figure is a boundary of the heat insulation layer 10 and the fireproof layer 11. FIG.

  Although the above lining structure has a cylindrical shape, it may be a flat lining structure as shown in FIG. That is, in the case of a lining layer having a single layer structure, the first lining layer 3a is laminated on the flat iron shell 1 on which the stud 2 is projected, and the impermeable layer 20 is formed on the surface of the first lining layer 3a. In the case of a lining layer having a two-layer structure, the second lining layer 3b is laminated on the water-impermeable layer 20, and in the case of a lining layer having a two-layer structure, the flat iron skin 1 on which the stud 2 is projected is provided. The heat insulating layer 10 is laminated, the impermeable layer 20 is formed on the surface of the heat insulating layer 10, and the fireproof layer 11 is laminated on the impermeable layer 20. In addition, this flat lining structure can be used as a material which comprises the wall surface of the building which requires heat insulation, for example.

  FIG. 6 shows a process of manufacturing a flat lining structure having a two-layer lining layer. First, as shown in FIG. 6A, the flat iron skin 1 on which the stud 2 is projected is surrounded. For example, a quadrilateral mold 43 is installed, and a kneaded material for forming the heat insulating layer 10 is poured into the mold and cured. Next, as shown in (b), an impermeable layer 20 is formed on the surface of the heat insulating layer 10. Next, as shown in (c), the kneaded material for forming the refractory layer 11 is poured onto the impermeable layer 20 and cured. Finally, the mold 43 is removed.

  In order to manufacture the cylindrical lining structure as shown in FIG. 2, the first mold 40 and the second mold 41 are necessary. When manufacturing a flat lining structure, There is an advantage that only one mold 43 is required.

  Examples The present invention will be further described below with reference to examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited thereby.

(Examples 1-2, Comparative Example 1)
A cylindrical lining structure having a two-layer lining layer of a heat insulating layer and a refractory layer was produced. At that time, in Examples 1 and 2, a water-impermeable layer was formed at the boundary between the heat insulating layer and the refractory layer as shown in FIG. 3, but in Example 1, a coating liquid containing polyethylene resin was applied to obtain a thickness. A 0.03 mm resin layer was formed, and in Example 2, a 0.03 mm thick polyethylene sheet was used.

In both Examples and Comparative Examples, the heat insulating layer was obtained by pouring and curing a kneaded material obtained by kneading “Tombolite Caster L-100” manufactured by Nichias Co., Ltd. and water, and the density after curing was 0.4 g / cm. ³ . On the other hand, the fireproof layer was obtained by pouring and curing a kneaded material obtained by kneading “dragonfly fireproof caster L-165” manufactured by Nichias Co., Ltd. and water, and the density after curing was 2.2 g / cm ³ .

  And after storing for a predetermined period in a dark room with an air temperature of 25 ° C. and a relative humidity of 50%, the surface of the refractory layer of the lining structures of Examples and Comparative Examples was observed to examine whether or not the white flower phenomenon occurred. The results are shown in Table 1. It was confirmed that the white flower phenomenon can be suppressed by forming the impermeable layer.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Iron skin 2 Stud 3, 3A Lining layer 10 Heat insulation layer 11, 11a, 11b Refractory layer 20 Impervious layer 30 Boundary

Claims (8)

Iron skin,
A stud fixed to the iron skin,
With a lining layer laminated on the iron skin,
A lining structure characterized in that an impermeable layer that prevents water movement is provided at an arbitrary position in the thickness direction of the lining layer. The lining layer is laminated on the iron skin, and has a heat insulating layer having a density of 0.2 to 1.7 g / cm ³ and a heat resistant layer having a density of 2.0 to 6.0 g / cm ³ and laminated on the heat insulating layer. ,
The lining structure according to claim 1, wherein a water-impermeable layer is provided at a boundary between the heat insulating layer and the refractory layer or at an arbitrary position in the thickness direction of the refractory layer.   The lining structure according to claim 1, wherein the impermeable layer contains a synthetic resin. Fixing a stud to a curved or cylindrical iron skin;
A step of vertically arranging the iron skin on which the stud is fixed, and a step of installing the first formwork installed inside the iron skin;
Pouring a kneaded material containing aggregate, cement and water between the iron skin and the first mold, curing, and then removing the first mold to form the first lining layer;
Forming an impermeable layer that hinders the movement of water on the surface of the first lining layer;
Installing a second formwork inside the impermeable layer;
Pouring a kneaded material containing aggregate, cement and water between the impermeable layer and the second mold, curing, and then removing the second mold to form the second lining layer;
A method for constructing a lining structure characterized by comprising: Fixing the stud to the flat iron skin;
A step of horizontally arranging the iron skin to which the stud is fixed, and setting a form so as to surround the iron skin;
Pouring a kneaded material containing aggregate, cement and water into the mold, and curing to form a first lining layer;
Forming an impermeable layer that hinders the movement of water on the surface of the first lining layer;
Pouring a kneaded material containing aggregate, cement and water into the mold with the impermeable layer formed, curing, and then removing the mold to form a second lining layer;
A method for constructing a lining structure characterized by comprising: In the step of forming the first lining layer, while pouring a kneaded material containing lightweight aggregate, cement and water,
6. The method for constructing a lining structure according to claim 4, wherein a kneaded material containing a refractory aggregate, cement and water is poured in the step of forming the second lining layer.   The method for constructing a lining structure according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein a coating liquid containing a synthetic resin is applied and dried to form an impermeable layer.   The method for constructing a lining structure according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that a water-impermeable layer is formed by attaching a synthetic resin sheet.

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