JP4751874B2 - Vehicle rear wheel rudder angle control device and rear wheel rudder angle control method - Google Patents

Vehicle rear wheel rudder angle control device and rear wheel rudder angle control method Download PDF

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JP4751874B2
JP4751874B2 JP2007317895A JP2007317895A JP4751874B2 JP 4751874 B2 JP4751874 B2 JP 4751874B2 JP 2007317895 A JP2007317895 A JP 2007317895A JP 2007317895 A JP2007317895 A JP 2007317895A JP 4751874 B2 JP4751874 B2 JP 4751874B2
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deceleration
acceleration
rear wheel
correction value
stability factor
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JP2009137512A (en
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博章 佐々木
泰 堀内
貴志 柳
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To eliminate impairing of natural driving feeling even if longitudinal acceleration/deceleration of a vehicle body is rapidly varied by pitching motion, rapid acceleration, rapid deceleration or the like of the vehicle body in a rear wheel steering angle control device for a vehicle for controlling a rear wheel steering angle such that normative yaw rate transmission characteristic is attained based on a stability factor being subjected to correction of longitudinal acceleration/deceleration. <P>SOLUTION: In the rear wheel steering angle control for the vehicle, the stability factor used for a rear wheel steering angle control regulation is corrected according to longitudinal acceleration/deceleration of the vehicle body to make it proper, and the rear wheel steering angle is controlled based on the stability factor being subjected to correction of longitudinal acceleration/deceleration so as to attain the normative yaw rate transmission characteristic. Restriction is added to a variation amount per a unit time of an acceleration/deceleration correction value A&alpha; of the stability factor. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

本発明は、車両の後輪舵角制御装置および後輪舵角制御方法に関し、特に、自動車等の四輪車両において、車体の前後加減速度に応じて補正されるスタビリティファクタの要件を含んで後輪舵角を制御する後輪舵角制御装置および後輪舵角制御方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a rear wheel steering angle control device and a rear wheel steering angle control method for a vehicle, and particularly includes a requirement of a stability factor that is corrected according to the longitudinal acceleration / deceleration of a vehicle body in a four-wheel vehicle such as an automobile. The present invention relates to a rear wheel steering angle control device and a rear wheel steering angle control method for controlling a rear wheel steering angle.

自動車等の四輪車両において、左右の後輪を各々支持するハブキャリア(ナックル)が、途中に電動式あるいは油圧式のリニアアクチュエータを含んで車体に連結され、リニアアクチュエータの伸縮駆動によって後輪のトー角を左右個別に変化させる後輪操舵装置が知られている(例えば、特許文献1)。   In a four-wheeled vehicle such as an automobile, a hub carrier (knuckle) that supports the left and right rear wheels is connected to the vehicle body including an electric or hydraulic linear actuator on the way, and the rear wheel A rear wheel steering device that changes the toe angle separately on the left and right is known (for example, Patent Document 1).

このような後輪操舵装置の舵角制御則として、前輪の実舵角に対して実現したいヨーレイト伝達特性、つまり規範ヨーレイト伝達特性をスタビリティファクタを含んで演算し、前輪の実舵角と車速と規範ヨーレイト伝達特性に基づいて後輪舵角の制御目標値を演算し、後輪の舵角(トー角)が後輪舵角制御目標値になるように制御する制御則が知られている。   As a steering angle control law for such a rear wheel steering device, the yaw rate transmission characteristic to be realized with respect to the actual steering angle of the front wheel, that is, the standard yaw rate transmission characteristic is calculated including the stability factor, and the actual steering angle and vehicle speed of the front wheel are calculated. And a control law for calculating a rear wheel rudder angle control target value based on the standard yaw rate transmission characteristic and controlling the rear wheel rudder angle (toe angle) to be the rear wheel rudder angle control target value. .

スタビリティファクタは、舵角一定の旋回時のアンダステア−オーバステア特性(US−OS特性)の程度を表す指数であり、前輪のコーナリングパワー、後輪のコーナリングパワー、車両重心から前輪車軸までの距離、車両重心から後輪車軸までの距離等によって決まる。
特開平9−30438号公報
Stability factor is an index representing the degree of understeer-oversteer characteristics (US-OS characteristics) when turning at a constant rudder angle, front wheel cornering power, rear wheel cornering power, distance from vehicle center of gravity to front wheel axle, It is determined by the distance from the center of gravity of the vehicle to the rear axle.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-30438

スタビリティファクタは、一定速度での走行下では定数であるが、車体の前後方向の加減速を伴う場合には、車体に前後荷重移動が生じ、前輪、後輪のコーナリングパワーが変化するため、車体の前後加減速によって変化する。   The stability factor is a constant when traveling at a constant speed, but when accompanied by acceleration / deceleration in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, the longitudinal load movement occurs in the vehicle body, and the cornering power of the front and rear wheels changes. It changes with the longitudinal acceleration / deceleration of the car body.

このため、上述の後輪舵角制御則に用いるスタビリティファクタを、車体の前後加減速に応じて補正して適正化し、前後加減速補正されたスタビリティファクタのもとに、規範のヨーレイト伝達特性が実現されるべく後輪舵角を制御することが考えられている。   For this reason, the stability factor used in the above-mentioned rear wheel steering angle control law is corrected and optimized according to the longitudinal acceleration / deceleration of the vehicle body, and the standard yaw rate transmission is performed based on the stability factor corrected for longitudinal acceleration / deceleration. In order to realize the characteristics, it is considered to control the rear wheel steering angle.

車体がピッチング運動すると、車体の前後加減速が急激に変化する。また、アクセルペダル、ブレーキペダルが急激に踏み込まれたり、戻されたりした時も、車体の前後加減速が急激に変化する。このような場合、前後加減速補正されるスタビリティファクタの値も急激に変化し、前後加減速補正されたスタビリティファクタを含んで演算される規範ヨーレイト伝達特性が急激に変化する。このため、車体のピッチング運動等によって車体の前後加減速が急激に変化すると、規範のヨーレイト伝達特性が実現されるべく制御される後輪舵角(トー角)が急激に変化し、自然な運転感覚が損なわれる。   When the vehicle body pitches, the longitudinal acceleration / deceleration of the vehicle body changes abruptly. Further, the front-rear acceleration / deceleration of the vehicle body also changes abruptly when the accelerator pedal and the brake pedal are stepped on or returned. In such a case, the value of the stability factor that is corrected for longitudinal acceleration / deceleration also changes abruptly, and the standard yaw rate transmission characteristic that is calculated including the stability factor that is corrected for longitudinal acceleration / deceleration also changes abruptly. For this reason, when the longitudinal acceleration / deceleration of the vehicle body changes suddenly due to the pitching motion of the vehicle body, the rear wheel rudder angle (toe angle) that is controlled to achieve the standard yaw rate transmission characteristics changes rapidly, and natural driving Sense is impaired.

本発明が解決しようとする課題は、前後加減速補正されたスタビリティファクタのもとに、規範ヨーレイト伝達特性が実現されるべく後輪舵角を制御するものにおいて、車体のピッチング運動、急加速、急減速等によって車体の前後加減速が急激に変化しても、自然な運転感覚が損なわれるようにすることである。   The problem to be solved by the present invention is to control the rear wheel rudder angle in order to realize the standard yaw rate transmission characteristic based on the stability factor corrected for longitudinal acceleration / deceleration. In other words, even if the longitudinal acceleration / deceleration of the vehicle body changes suddenly due to sudden deceleration or the like, the natural driving feeling is impaired.

本発明による車両の後輪舵角制御装置は、後輪舵角制御則に用いるスタビリティファクタを、車体の前後加減速に応じて補正して適正化し、前後加減速補正されたスタビリティファクタのもとに、規範のヨーレイト伝達特性が実現されるべく後輪舵角を制御する車両の後輪舵角制御装置であって、前記スタビリティファクタの加減速度補正値の単位時間当たりの変化量に制限を加える手段を有する。   The vehicle rear wheel rudder angle control device according to the present invention corrects and stabilizes the stability factor used in the rear wheel rudder angle control law in accordance with the longitudinal acceleration / deceleration of the vehicle body. A vehicle rear wheel rudder angle control device that controls a rear wheel rudder angle so that a standard yaw rate transmission characteristic is realized, wherein a change amount per unit time of an acceleration / deceleration correction value of the stability factor is determined. Has a means to add restrictions.

本発明による車両の後輪舵角制御装置は、スタビリティファクタを含んで規範ヨーレイト伝達特性を演算し、前輪の実舵角と車速と前記規範ヨーレイト伝達特性とに基づいて後輪舵角の制御目標値を演算し、後輪の舵角が前記後輪舵角制御目標値になるように制御する車両の後輪舵角制御装置であって、車体の前後加減速度を検出する前後加減速度検出手段と、前記規範ヨーレイト伝達特性の演算に用いられる前記スタビリティファクタを前記前後加減速度検出手段によって検出される車両の前後加減速度に応じて補正する加減速度補正値を演算するスタビリティファクタ加減速補正値演算手段と、前記スタビリティファクタ加減速補正値演算手段により演算される前記加減速度補正値の単位時間当たりの変化量を制限する補正値変化量制限手段と有する。   A vehicle rear wheel steering angle control device according to the present invention calculates a reference yaw rate transmission characteristic including a stability factor, and controls a rear wheel steering angle based on an actual steering angle of a front wheel, a vehicle speed, and the reference yaw rate transmission characteristic. A vehicle rear wheel rudder angle control device that calculates a target value and controls the rear wheel rudder angle to be the rear wheel rudder angle control target value, and detects front / rear acceleration / deceleration detection for detecting front / rear acceleration / deceleration of the vehicle body And a stability factor acceleration / deceleration for calculating an acceleration / deceleration correction value for correcting the stability factor used for calculating the reference yaw rate transmission characteristic according to the longitudinal acceleration / deceleration of the vehicle detected by the longitudinal acceleration / deceleration detecting means Correction value change amount restriction for restricting a change amount per unit time of the acceleration / deceleration correction value calculated by the correction value calculation means and the stability factor acceleration / deceleration correction value calculation means It has a stage.

本発明による車両の後輪舵角制御装置は、好ましくは、前記加減速度補正値の単位時間当たりの加減速度補正値変化量を演算する加減速度補正値変化量演算手段を有し、前記補正値変化量制限手段は、前記加減速度補正値変化量演算手段によって演算された前記加減速度補正値変化量が所定値以上の場合に、前記加減速度補正値の単位時間当たりの変化量を制限する。   The vehicle rear wheel steering angle control device according to the present invention preferably includes an acceleration / deceleration correction value change amount calculating means for calculating an acceleration / deceleration correction value change amount per unit time of the acceleration / deceleration correction value. The change amount limiting means limits the change amount per unit time of the acceleration / deceleration correction value when the acceleration / deceleration correction value change amount calculated by the acceleration / deceleration correction value change amount calculating means is greater than or equal to a predetermined value.

本発明による車両の後輪舵角制御装置は、好ましくは、前記前後加減速度の単位時間当たりの前後加減速度変化量を演算する前後加減速度変化量演算手段を有し、前記補正値変化量制限手段は、前記前後加減速度変化量演算手段によって演算された前記前後加減速度変化量が所定値以上の場合に、前記加減速度補正値の単位時間当たりの変化量を制限する。   The vehicle rear wheel steering angle control device according to the present invention preferably includes front / rear acceleration / deceleration change amount calculating means for calculating a change amount of front / rear acceleration / deceleration per unit time of the front / rear acceleration / deceleration, The means limits the amount of change per unit time of the acceleration / deceleration correction value when the amount of change in front / rear acceleration / deceleration calculated by the front / rear acceleration / deceleration change amount calculating means is equal to or greater than a predetermined value.

本発明による車両の後輪舵角制御方法は、後輪舵角制御則に用いるスタビリティファクタを、車体の前後加減速に応じて補正して適正化し、前後加減速補正されたスタビリティファクタのもとに、規範のヨーレイト伝達特性が実現されるべく後輪舵角を制御する車両の後輪舵角制御方法であって、前記スタビリティファクタの加減速度補正値の単位時間当たりの変化量に制限を加える。   In the vehicle rear wheel steering angle control method according to the present invention, the stability factor used in the rear wheel steering angle control law is corrected and optimized according to the longitudinal acceleration / deceleration of the vehicle body, and the stability factor of the longitudinal acceleration / deceleration correction is corrected. A vehicle rear wheel rudder angle control method for controlling a rear wheel rudder angle so that a standard yaw rate transmission characteristic is realized, wherein a change amount per unit time of an acceleration / deceleration correction value of the stability factor is determined. Add restrictions.

本発明による車両の後輪舵角制御装置、後輪舵角制御方法によれば、スタビリティファクタの加減速度補正値の単位時間当たりの変化量に制限を加えるので、車体のピッチング運動等によって車体の前後加減速が急激に変化しても、前後加減速補正されたスタビリティファクタを含んで演算される規範ヨーレイト伝達特性、ついては後輪舵角(トー角)が急激に変化することがなく、ピッチング運動時や急加速時、急減速時も、自然な運転感覚を実現することができる。   According to the rear wheel steering angle control device and the rear wheel steering angle control method of the present invention, the amount of change per unit time of the stability factor acceleration / deceleration correction value is limited. Even if the front / rear acceleration / deceleration changes rapidly, the standard yaw rate transmission characteristics calculated including the stability factor corrected for front / rear acceleration / deceleration, the rear wheel rudder angle (toe angle) does not change abruptly, A natural driving sensation can be achieved during pitching, sudden acceleration, and sudden deceleration.

以下に、本発明による車両の後輪舵角制御装置、後輪舵角制御方法の実施形態を、図1〜図3を参照して説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of a rear wheel steering angle control device and a rear wheel steering angle control method according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

まず、本発明による後輪舵角制御装置、後輪舵角制御方法が適用される四輪自動車を、図1を参照して説明する。   First, a four-wheeled vehicle to which a rear wheel steering angle control device and a rear wheel steering angle control method according to the present invention are applied will be described with reference to FIG.

本実施形態の四輪自動車1は、左右の前輪4L、4Rと、左右の後輪6L、6Rとを有する。前輪4L、4Rは、各々、タイヤ3L、3Rを装着され、左右のフロントサスペンション7L、7Rによって車体2により懸架され、ナックル7aL、7aRによって車体2に対して転向自在に取り付けられている。後輪6L、6は、各々、タイヤ5L、5Rを装着され、左右のリヤサスペンション8L,8Rによってそれぞれ車体2により懸架され、ナックル8aL、8aRによって車体2に対して転向自在に取り付けられている。   The four-wheel vehicle 1 of the present embodiment includes left and right front wheels 4L and 4R and left and right rear wheels 6L and 6R. The front wheels 4L and 4R are fitted with tires 3L and 3R, respectively, suspended by the vehicle body 2 by left and right front suspensions 7L and 7R, and attached to the vehicle body 2 by knuckles 7aL and 7aR so as to be turnable. The rear wheels 6L and 6 are fitted with tires 5L and 5R, respectively, suspended by the vehicle body 2 by left and right rear suspensions 8L and 8R, and attached to the vehicle body 2 by knuckles 8aL and 8aR so as to be turnable.

四輪自動車1は、ステアリングホイール11の操舵によって左右の前輪4L、4Rを直接的に転舵操作する前輪操舵装置10を備えている。前輪操舵装置10は、ステアリングホイール11にステアリングシャフト12を介して一体的に回転可能に連結されたピニオン13と、ピニオン13に噛合する歯部を有して車幅方向に往復動可能に設けられたラック軸14とを有するラック・アンド・ピニオン機構を備えている。ラック軸14の両端はタイロッド15を介して左右のナックル7aL、7aRに連結されている。左右の前輪4L、4Rは、ステアリングホイール11の回転操作によってラック軸14が車幅方向に移動することにより、転舵(転向)される。   The four-wheel vehicle 1 includes a front wheel steering device 10 that directly steers the left and right front wheels 4L and 4R by steering the steering wheel 11. The front wheel steering device 10 includes a pinion 13 that is integrally connected to a steering wheel 11 via a steering shaft 12 and a tooth portion that meshes with the pinion 13 so as to be reciprocally movable in the vehicle width direction. A rack and pinion mechanism having a rack shaft 14 is also provided. Both ends of the rack shaft 14 are connected to the left and right knuckles 7aL and 7aR via tie rods 15. The left and right front wheels 4L, 4R are steered (turned) when the rack shaft 14 is moved in the vehicle width direction by the rotation operation of the steering wheel 11.

ステアリングシャフト12には前輪4L、4Rの実舵角δrに相当するステアリングホイール11の操舵角を検出する操舵角センサ26が設けられている。以降、操舵角センサ26は、前輪実舵角δrを示すセンサ信号を出力するものとする。   The steering shaft 12 is provided with a steering angle sensor 26 for detecting the steering angle of the steering wheel 11 corresponding to the actual steering angle δr of the front wheels 4L, 4R. Thereafter, the steering angle sensor 26 outputs a sensor signal indicating the actual front wheel steering angle δr.

四輪自動車1は、後輪操舵装置(後輪トー角可変装置)20として、一端を車体2に連結され、他端を左側の後輪6Lのナックル8aLに連結された左側のリニアアクチュエータ21Lと、一端を車体2に連結され、他端を右側の後輪6Rのナックル8aRに連結された右側のリニアアクチュエータ21Rとを有する。左右のリニアアクチュエータ21L、21Rは、電動式あるいは油圧式のものであり、リニア動作により伸縮し、左右の後輪6L、6Rのトー角を個別に変化させる。このように構成された後輪操舵装置20では、左右のリニアアクチュエータ21L、21Rによって左右の後輪6L、6Rのトー角を、前輪転舵方向と逆相で、互いに同一同方向に制御することにより、後輪転舵を行うことができる。   The four-wheeled vehicle 1 is a rear wheel steering device (rear wheel toe angle varying device) 20 having one end connected to the vehicle body 2 and the other end connected to the knuckle 8aL of the left rear wheel 6L. And a right linear actuator 21R having one end connected to the vehicle body 2 and the other end connected to the knuckle 8aR of the right rear wheel 6R. The left and right linear actuators 21L and 21R are electrically operated or hydraulic, and expand and contract by a linear operation to individually change the toe angles of the left and right rear wheels 6L and 6R. In the rear wheel steering device 20 configured as described above, the toe angles of the left and right rear wheels 6L and 6R are controlled by the left and right linear actuators 21L and 21R in the same direction in the opposite phase to the front wheel steering direction. Thus, the rear wheel can be steered.

左右のリニアアクチュエータ21L、21Rは、後輪操舵制御装置(ECU)30によって制御される。後輪操舵制御装置30は、マイクロコンピュータを含む電子制御式のものであり、操舵角センサ26より前輪実舵角δrを示すセンサ信号を、四輪自動車1の車速Vを検出する車速センサ24より車速Vを示すセンサ信号を、車体2の前後加減速度αχを検出する前後加減速度センサ25より車体2の前後加減速度αχを示すセンサ信号を各々入力し、これらセンサ信号を用い、予め設定された制御則に従って、制御目標リア操舵角δrを演算する。 The left and right linear actuators 21L and 21R are controlled by a rear wheel steering control device (ECU) 30. The rear wheel steering control device 30 is of an electronic control type including a microcomputer, and receives a sensor signal indicating the actual front wheel steering angle δr from the steering angle sensor 26 and a vehicle speed sensor 24 that detects the vehicle speed V of the four-wheeled vehicle 1. The sensor signal indicating the vehicle speed V is input from the front / rear acceleration / deceleration sensor 25 for detecting the longitudinal acceleration / deceleration αχ of the vehicle body 2 and the sensor signal indicating the longitudinal acceleration / deceleration αχ of the vehicle body 2 is input. The control target rear steering angle δr * is calculated according to the control law.

ECU30は、制御目標リア操舵角δrをリニアアクチュエータ21L、21Rの制御目標ストローク量Sに換算し、リニアアクチュエータ21L、21Rに設けられているストロークセンサ23L、23Rよりリニアアクチュエータ21L、21Rの実ストローク量SL、SRを示すセンサ信号を入力し、制御目標ストローク量Sと実ストローク量SLとの制御偏差、制御目標ストローク量Sと実ストローク量SRとの制御偏差が各々ゼロになるように、リニアアクチュエータ21L、21Rの各々に制御目標信号を出力する。 The ECU 30 converts the control target rear steering angle δr * into the control target stroke amount S * of the linear actuators 21L and 21R, and uses the stroke sensors 23L and 23R provided in the linear actuators 21L and 21R to execute the actual operations of the linear actuators 21L and 21R. Sensor signals indicating the stroke amounts SL and SR are input so that the control deviation between the control target stroke amount S * and the actual stroke amount SL and the control deviation between the control target stroke amount S * and the actual stroke amount SR are each zero. In addition, a control target signal is output to each of the linear actuators 21L and 21R.

これにより、左右の後輪6L、6Rのトー角(後輪舵角)が目標リア操舵角(後輪舵角制御目標値)δrになるようにフィードバック制御される。 Thus, feedback control is performed so that the toe angles (rear wheel steering angles) of the left and right rear wheels 6L and 6R become the target rear steering angle (rear wheel steering angle control target value) δr * .

つぎに、本実施形態による後輪舵角制御装置30の詳細を、図2を参照して説明する。後輪舵角制御装置30は、フロント(前輪)操舵伝達特性演算部31と、リア(後輪)操舵伝達特性演算部32と、規範ヨーレイト伝達特性演算部33と、スタビリティファクタ加減速補正値演算部34と、スビリティファクタ補正値変化量制限部35と、加減速度補正値変化量演算部36と、制御目標リア操舵角演算部37とを有する。   Next, details of the rear wheel steering angle control device 30 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The rear wheel steering angle control device 30 includes a front (front wheel) steering transmission characteristic calculation unit 31, a rear (rear wheel) steering transmission characteristic calculation unit 32, a reference yaw rate transmission characteristic calculation unit 33, and a stability factor acceleration / deceleration correction value. A calculation unit 34, a stability factor correction value change amount limiting unit 35, an acceleration / deceleration correction value change amount calculation unit 36, and a control target rear steering angle calculation unit 37 are included.

前輪操舵角(実舵角)をδf、後輪操舵角(実舵角)をδrとすると、前輪操舵角δf、後輪操舵角δrに対する車両(四輪自動車)1のヨーレート特性γは、下式(1)によって表される。
γ=(Gf・δf)−(Gr・δr) …(1)
但し、Gfはフロント操舵伝達特性であり、Grはリア操舵伝達特性である。
When the front wheel steering angle (actual steering angle) is δf and the rear wheel steering angle (actual steering angle) is δr, the yaw rate characteristic γ of the vehicle (four-wheeled vehicle) 1 with respect to the front wheel steering angle δf and the rear wheel steering angle δr is It is represented by Formula (1).
γ = (Gf · δf) − (Gr · δr) (1)
However, Gf is a front steering transmission characteristic, and Gr is a rear steering transmission characteristic.

前輪操舵角δfに対して実現したいヨーレイト特性、つまり、規範ヨーレイト伝達特性をGidealとすると、γideal=(Gideal・δf)で、γideal=γとなる後輪操舵角δrを設定すれば、規範ヨーレイト伝達特性Gidealを実現することができる。このことを踏まえて、後輪舵角制御装置30は、下記の演算処理を行い、規範ヨーレイト伝達特性Gidealを実現する制御目標リア操舵角δrを算出する。 Assuming that the yaw rate characteristic to be realized with respect to the front wheel steering angle δf, that is, the reference yaw rate transmission characteristic, is set to Gideal, if the rear wheel steering angle δr is set such that γideal = (Gideal · δf) and γideal = γ, the reference yaw rate transmission is performed. The characteristic Gideal can be realized. Based on this, the rear wheel steering angle control device 30 performs the following arithmetic processing to calculate the control target rear steering angle δr * that realizes the reference yaw rate transmission characteristic Gideal.

フロント操舵伝達特性演算部31は、操舵角センサ26より前輪実舵角δrを示すセンサ信号を、車速センサ24より車速Vを示すセンサ信号を各々入力し、1次・2次の伝達関数として、下式(2)によってフロント操舵伝達特性Gfを演算する。
Gf=K(af・s+1)/(b・s+b・s+1) …(2)
The front steering transfer characteristic calculation unit 31 inputs a sensor signal indicating the front wheel actual steering angle δr from the steering angle sensor 26 and a sensor signal indicating the vehicle speed V from the vehicle speed sensor 24, respectively, as primary and secondary transfer functions, The front steering transmission characteristic Gf is calculated by the following equation (2).
Gf = K (af · s + 1) / (b 1 · s 2 + b 2 · s + 1) (2)

リア操舵伝達特性演算部32は、操舵角センサ26より前輪実舵角δrを示すセンサ信号を、車速センサ24より車速Vを示すセンサ信号を各々入力し、1次・2次の伝達関数として、下式(3)によってリア操舵伝達特性Grを演算する。
Gr=K(ar・s+1)/(b・s+b・s+1) …(3)
The rear steering transmission characteristic calculation unit 32 inputs a sensor signal indicating the front wheel actual steering angle δr from the steering angle sensor 26 and a sensor signal indicating the vehicle speed V from the vehicle speed sensor 24, respectively, as primary and secondary transfer functions, The rear steering transmission characteristic Gr is calculated by the following equation (3).
Gr = K (ar · s + 1) / (b 1 · s 2 + b 2 · s + 1) (3)

規範ヨーレイト伝達特性演算部33は、操舵角センサ26より前輪実舵角δrを示すセンサ信号を、車速センサ24より車速Vを示すセンサ信号を、スタビリティファクタ加減速補正値演算部34によって演算されたスタビリティファクタ加減速補正値Aαを示す信号を各々入力し、下式(4)によって規範ヨーレイト伝達特性Gidealを演算する。
Gideal=(V/L){1/(1+A・Aα・V)(c・s+1)/(d・s+d・s+1)} …(4)
The standard yaw rate transfer characteristic calculating unit 33 calculates a sensor signal indicating the front steering angle δr from the steering angle sensor 26 and a sensor signal indicating the vehicle speed V from the vehicle speed sensor 24 by the stability factor acceleration / deceleration correction value calculating unit 34. Each of the signals indicating the stability factor acceleration / deceleration correction value Aα is input, and the standard yaw rate transfer characteristic Gideal is calculated by the following equation (4).
Ideal = (V / L) {1 / (1 + A · Aα · V 2 ) (c 1 · s + 1) / (d 2 · s 2 + d 1 · s + 1)} (4)

式(2)〜式(4)の各パラメータは下式(5)〜式(10)によって演算される。
K=(V/L){1/(1+A・V)} …(5)
A=−(m/L){(Lf・Kf−Lr・Kr)/(Kf・Kr)} …(6)
af=(V/L)(m・Lf/Kr) …(7)
ar=(V/L)(m・Lr/Kf) …(8)
=K(m・V・I)/(Kf・Kr・L) …(9)
=K{m(Lf・Kf+Lr・Kr)+I(Kf+Kr)}/(Kf・Kr・L) …(10)
但し、m:車両質量
L:ホイールベース
Lf:重心−前輪車軸間距離
Lr:重心−後輪車軸間距離
Kf:前輪コーナリングパワー
Kr:後輪コーナリングパワー
V:車体速度
s:ラプラス演算子
A:定常状態でのスタビリティファクタ
Aα:スタビリティファクタ加減速補正値
I:車両ヨー慣性回転質量
、d、d:任意に設定する係数
Each parameter of the equations (2) to (4) is calculated by the following equations (5) to (10).
K = (V / L) {1 / (1 + A · V 2 )} (5)
A = − (m / L 2 ) {(Lf · Kf−Lr · Kr) / (Kf · Kr)} (6)
af = (V / L) (m · Lf / Kr) (7)
ar = (V / L) (m · Lr / Kf) (8)
b 1 = K (m · V · I) / (Kf · Kr · L) (9)
b 2 = K {m (Lf · Kf 2 + Lr · Kr 2 ) + I (Kf + Kr)} / (Kf · Kr · L) (10)
Where m: vehicle mass L: wheel base Lf: center of gravity-front wheel axle distance Lr: center of gravity-rear wheel axle distance Kf: front wheel cornering power Kr: rear wheel cornering power V: body speed s: Laplace operator A: steady Stability factor in state Aα: Stability factor acceleration / deceleration correction value I: Vehicle yaw inertial rotation mass c 1 , d 1 , d 2 : Coefficients to be set arbitrarily

制御目標リア操舵角演算部37は、フロント操舵伝達特性演算部31よりフロント操舵伝達特性Gfを示す信号を、リア操舵伝達特性演算部32よりリア操舵伝達特性Grを示す信号を、規範ヨーレイト伝達特性演算部33より規範ヨーレイト伝達特性Gidealを示す信号を、操舵角センサ26より前輪実舵角δrを示すセンサ信号を各々入力し、下式(11)によって制御目標リア操舵角δrを演算する。
δr=Gr−1(Gf−Gideal)δf …(11)
The control target rear steering angle calculation unit 37 receives a signal indicating the front steering transmission characteristic Gf from the front steering transmission characteristic calculation unit 31, a signal indicating the rear steering transmission characteristic Gr from the rear steering transmission characteristic calculation unit 32, and a reference yaw rate transmission characteristic. A signal indicating the standard yaw rate transfer characteristic Gideal is input from the calculation unit 33 and a sensor signal indicating the actual front wheel steering angle δr is input from the steering angle sensor 26, and the control target rear steering angle δr * is calculated by the following equation (11).
δr * = Gr −1 (Gf−Gideal) δf (11)

規範ヨーレイト伝達特性演算部33は、上述したように、後輪舵角制御則に用いるスタビリティファクタAをスタビリティファクタ加減速補正値Aαをもって車体2の前後加減速αχに応じて補正して適正化されたスタビリティファクタ(A・Aα)を用いて規範ヨーレイト伝達特性Gidealを算出する。   As described above, the reference yaw rate transfer characteristic calculation unit 33 corrects the stability factor A used for the rear wheel steering angle control law according to the longitudinal acceleration / deceleration αχ of the vehicle body 2 with the stability factor acceleration / deceleration correction value Aα. The standard yaw rate transfer characteristic Gideal is calculated using the stabilized stability factor (A · Aα).

スタビリティファクタ加減速補正値演算部34は、前後加減速度センサ25より車体2の前後加減速度αχを示すセンサ信号を入力して、下式(12)によってスタビリティファクタ加減速補正値Aαを演算する。   The stability factor acceleration / deceleration correction value calculation unit 34 receives a sensor signal indicating the longitudinal acceleration / deceleration αχ of the vehicle body 2 from the longitudinal acceleration / deceleration sensor 25, and calculates the stability factor acceleration / deceleration correction value Aα by the following equation (12). To do.

Aα=(Lf・Kf−Lr・Kr)/{{(Lf/(Lf+h・αχ)}Lf・Kf−{(Lr/Lr+h・αχ)Lr・Kr}} …(12)
但し、h:重心高さ
Aα = (Lf · Kf−Lr · Kr) / {{(Lf / (Lf + h · αχ)} Lf · Kf − {(Lr / Lr + h · αχ) Lr · Kr}} (12)
Where h: height of the center of gravity

本発明において重要なことは、規範ヨーレイト伝達特性Gidealの急激な変化、ついては、制御目標リア操舵角δrの急激な変化を回避するために、スタビリティファクタAの加減速度補正値Aαの単位時間当たりの変化量に制限を加えることである。 What is important in the present invention is the unit time of the acceleration / deceleration correction value Aα of the stability factor A in order to avoid a sudden change in the reference yaw rate transfer characteristic Gideal, and in other words, a sudden change in the control target rear steering angle δr *. To limit the amount of change per hit.

このことに対して、加減速度補正値変化量演算部36は、スタビリティファクタ加減速補正値演算部34によって演算された加減速度補正値Aαの微分演算等によって加減速度補正値Aαの単位時間当たりの加減速度補正値変化量を演算し、その演算結果をスタビリティファクタ補正値変化量制限部35に渡す。   On the other hand, the acceleration / deceleration correction value change amount calculation unit 36 per unit time of the acceleration / deceleration correction value Aα by differential calculation of the acceleration / deceleration correction value Aα calculated by the stability factor acceleration / deceleration correction value calculation unit 34. The acceleration / deceleration correction value change amount is calculated, and the calculation result is passed to the stability factor correction value change amount limiting unit 35.

スタビリティファクタ補正値変化量制限部35は、スタビリティファクタ加減速補正値演算部34よりスタビリティファクタ加減速補正値Aαを示す信号を入力し、加減速度補正値変化量演算部36によって演算された加減速度補正値Aαの単位時間当たりの加減速度補正値変化量が所定値未満である場合には、スタビリティファクタ加減速補正値演算部34よりのスタビリティファクタ加減速補正値Aαを、そのまま規範ヨーレイト伝達特性演算部33に渡し、これに対し、加減速度補正値Aαの単位時間当たりの加減速度補正値変化量が所定値以上である場合には、加減速度補正値Aαの単位時間当たりの変化量に制限を加え、変化量を制限された加減速度補正値Aαを規範ヨーレイト伝達特性演算部33に渡する。   The stability factor correction value change amount limiting unit 35 receives a signal indicating the stability factor acceleration / deceleration correction value Aα from the stability factor acceleration / deceleration correction value calculation unit 34, and is calculated by the acceleration / deceleration correction value change amount calculation unit 36. When the acceleration / deceleration correction value change amount per unit time of the acceleration / deceleration correction value Aα is less than a predetermined value, the stability factor acceleration / deceleration correction value Aα from the stability factor acceleration / deceleration correction value calculation unit 34 is used as it is. In contrast, when the amount of change in the acceleration / deceleration correction value Aα per unit time of the acceleration / deceleration correction value Aα is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the reference yaw rate transfer characteristic calculation unit 33 receives the acceleration / deceleration correction value Aα per unit time. The change amount is limited, and the acceleration / deceleration correction value Aα with the change amount limited is passed to the reference yaw rate transfer characteristic calculation unit 33.

これにより、車体2のピッチング運動や、アクセルペダル、ブレーキペダルが急激に踏み込まれたり、戻されたりすることによって、急激な加減速が行われても、前後加減速補正されたスタビリティファクタ(A・Aα)を含んで演算される規範ヨーレイト伝達特性Gideal、ついては後輪舵角(トー角)が急激に変化することがなく、ピッチング運動時や急加速時、急減速時も、自然な運転感覚を実現することができる。   As a result, the stability factor (A) corrected for longitudinal acceleration / deceleration is corrected even if the acceleration / deceleration is performed suddenly by the pitching motion of the vehicle body 2, the accelerator pedal, or the brake pedal being suddenly depressed or returned.・ Standard yaw rate transmission characteristic Gideal calculated including Aα), and the rear wheel rudder angle (toe angle) does not change abruptly, and it feels natural even during pitching, sudden acceleration, and sudden deceleration Can be realized.

上述の実施形態では、加減速度補正値Aαの単位時間当たりの加減速度補正値変化量を演算して加減速度補正値Aαの単位時間当たりの変化量自体に制限を加えたが、スタビリティファクタ加減速補正値演算部34に入力する前後加減速度センサ25の前後加減速度αχの単位時間当たりの変化量に制限を加えることによって、スタビリティファクタ加減速補正値演算部34により演算される加減速度補正値Aαの単位時間当たりの変化量に制限を加えてもよい。   In the above-described embodiment, the acceleration / deceleration correction value change amount per unit time of the acceleration / deceleration correction value Aα is calculated to limit the change amount per unit time of the acceleration / deceleration correction value Aα. Acceleration / deceleration correction calculated by the stability factor acceleration / deceleration correction value calculation unit 34 by limiting the amount of change per unit time of the front / rear acceleration / deceleration αχ input to the deceleration correction value calculation unit 34. A limit may be added to the amount of change per unit time of the value Aα.

この実施形態を、図3を参照して説明する。なお、図3において、図2に対応する部分は、図1に付した符号と同一の符号を付けて、その説明を省略する。   This embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 3, parts corresponding to those in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1, and description thereof is omitted.

この実施形態では、前後加減速度センサ25によって検出された前後加減速度αχの単位時間当たりの前後加減速度変化量を演算する前後加減速度変化量演算部38と、前後加減速度変化量演算部38によって演算された単位時間当たりの前後加減速度変化量が所定値以上の場合に、前後加減速度変化量の単位時間当たりの変化量を制限する前後加減速度変化量制限部39を有し、前後加減速度センサ25によって検出された前後加減速度αχを、前後加減速度変化量制限部39を通してスタビリティファクタ加減速補正値演算部34に与えるようになっている。   In this embodiment, the front-rear acceleration / deceleration change amount calculation unit 38 that calculates the amount of change in front-rear acceleration / deceleration per unit time of the front-rear acceleration / deceleration αχ detected by the front-rear acceleration / deceleration sensor 25, and the front-rear acceleration / deceleration change amount calculation unit 38 When the calculated longitudinal acceleration / deceleration change amount per unit time is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, the longitudinal acceleration / deceleration change amount limiting unit 39 that limits the change amount per unit time of the longitudinal acceleration / deceleration change amount is provided. The longitudinal acceleration / deceleration αχ detected by the sensor 25 is supplied to the stability factor acceleration / deceleration correction value calculation unit 34 through the longitudinal acceleration / deceleration change amount limiting unit 39.

これにより、前後加減速度変化量制限部39がスタビリティファクタ補正値変化量制限手段として機能し、前後加減速度変化量演算部38によって演算された前後加減速度変化量が所定値以上の場合には、スタビリティファクタ加減速補正値演算部34により演算される加減速度補正値Aαの単位時間当たりの変化量が制限されることになる。   Thereby, the longitudinal acceleration / deceleration variation limiting unit 39 functions as a stability factor correction value variation limiting unit, and when the longitudinal acceleration / deceleration variation calculated by the longitudinal acceleration / deceleration variation calculating unit 38 is greater than or equal to a predetermined value. Therefore, the amount of change per unit time of the acceleration / deceleration correction value Aα calculated by the stability factor acceleration / deceleration correction value calculation unit 34 is limited.

本発明による後輪舵角制御装置、後輪舵角制御方法が適用される四輪自動車の一つの実施形態を示す全体構成図である。1 is an overall configuration diagram showing one embodiment of a four-wheeled vehicle to which a rear wheel steering angle control device and a rear wheel steering angle control method according to the present invention are applied. 本発明による車両の後輪舵角制御装置の一つの実施形態を示すブロック図である。1 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of a rear wheel steering angle control device of a vehicle according to the present invention. 本発明による車両の後輪舵角制御装置の他の実施形態を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows other embodiment of the rear-wheel steering angle control apparatus of the vehicle by this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

4L、4R 前輪
6L、6R 後輪
21L、21R リニアアクチュエータ
24 車速センサ
25 前後加減速度センサ
26 操舵角センサ
30 後輪舵角制御装置
31 フロント操舵伝達特性演算部
32 リア操舵伝達特性演算部
33 規範ヨーレイト伝達特性演算部
34 スタビリティファクタ加減速補正値演算部
35 スビリティファクタ補正値変化量制限部
36 加減速度補正値変化量演算部
37 制御目標リア操舵角演算部
38 前後加減速度変化量演算部
39 前後加減速度変化量制限部
4L, 4R Front wheel 6L, 6R Rear wheel 21L, 21R Linear actuator 24 Vehicle speed sensor 25 Front / rear acceleration / deceleration sensor 26 Steering angle sensor 30 Rear wheel steering angle control device 31 Front steering transmission characteristic calculation unit 32 Rear steering transmission characteristic calculation unit 33 Reference yaw rate Transfer characteristic calculation unit 34 Stability factor acceleration / deceleration correction value calculation unit 35 Stability factor correction value change amount limiting unit 36 Acceleration / deceleration correction value change amount calculation unit 37 Control target rear steering angle calculation unit 38 Front / rear acceleration / deceleration change amount calculation unit 39 Front / rear acceleration / deceleration variation limiter

Claims (4)

車体の前後加減速に応じて補正されたスタビリティファクタを含んで規範ヨーレイト伝達特性を演算し、前輪の実舵角と車速と前記規範ヨーレイト伝達特性とに基づいて後輪舵角の制御目標値を演算し、後輪の舵角が前記後輪舵角制御目標値になるように制御する車両の後輪舵角制御装置であって、 車体の前後加減速度を検出する前後加減速度検出手段と、 前記規範ヨーレイト伝達特性の演算に用いられる前記スタビリティファクタを前記前後加減速度検出手段によって検出される車両の前後加減速度に応じて補正する加減速度補正値を演算するスタビリティファクタ加減速補正値演算手段と、 前記スタビリティファクタ加減速補正値演算手段により演算される前記加減速度補正値の単位時間当たりの変化量を演算する加減速度補正値変化量演算手段と、 前記加減速度補正値変化量演算手段によって演算された前記加減速度補正値の単位時間当たりの変化量が所定値以上の場合に、前記スタビリティファクタ加減速補正値演算手段により演算される前記加減速度補正値の単位時間当たりの変化量を制限する補正値変化量制限手段と、 を有する車両の後輪舵角制御装置。 Calculate the standard yaw rate transmission characteristic including the stability factor corrected according to the longitudinal acceleration / deceleration of the vehicle body, and control target value of the rear wheel rudder angle based on the actual steering angle and vehicle speed of the front wheel and the standard yaw rate transmission characteristic A vehicle rear wheel rudder angle control device for controlling the rudder angle of the rear wheel to be the rear wheel rudder angle control target value, comprising: a front / rear acceleration / deceleration detecting means for detecting front / rear acceleration / deceleration of the vehicle body; Stability factor acceleration / deceleration correction value for calculating an acceleration / deceleration correction value for correcting the stability factor used for calculating the reference yaw rate transmission characteristic according to the longitudinal acceleration / deceleration of the vehicle detected by the longitudinal acceleration / deceleration detecting means calculation means, acceleration and deceleration correction value change for calculating an amount of change per unit of acceleration correction value time which is calculated by the stability factor deceleration correction value computing means Calculation means, when the amount of change per unit time of the acceleration correction value calculated by the deceleration correction value change amount calculating means is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, is calculated by the stability factor deceleration correction value computing means A vehicle rear wheel steering angle control device comprising: correction value change amount limiting means for limiting a change amount per unit time of the acceleration / deceleration correction value. 車体の前後加減速に応じて補正されたスタビリティファクタを含んで規範ヨーレイト伝達特性を演算し、前輪の実舵角と車速と前記規範ヨーレイト伝達特性とに基づいて後輪舵角の制御目標値を演算し、後輪の舵角が前記後輪舵角制御目標値になるように制御する車両の後輪舵角制御装置であって、 車体の前後加減速度を検出する前後加減速度検出手段と、 前記規範ヨーレイト伝達特性の演算に用いられる前記スタビリティファクタを前記前後加減速度検出手段によって検出される車両の前後加減速度に応じて補正する加減速度補正値を演算するスタビリティファクタ加減速補正値演算手段と 前記前後加減速度の単位時間当たりの変化量を演算する前後加減速度変化量演算手段と前後加減速度変化量演算手段によって演算された前記前後加減速度の単位時間当たりの変化量が所定値以上の場合に、前記スタビリティファクタ加減速補正値演算手段により演算される前記加減速度補正値の単位時間当たりの変化量を制限する補正値変化量制限手段と、 を有する車両の後輪舵角制御装置。 Calculate the standard yaw rate transmission characteristic including the stability factor corrected according to the longitudinal acceleration / deceleration of the vehicle body, and control target value of the rear wheel rudder angle based on the actual steering angle and vehicle speed of the front wheel and the standard yaw rate transmission characteristic A vehicle rear wheel rudder angle control device for controlling the rudder angle of the rear wheel to be the rear wheel rudder angle control target value, comprising: a front / rear acceleration / deceleration detecting means for detecting front / rear acceleration / deceleration of the vehicle body; Stability factor acceleration / deceleration correction value for calculating an acceleration / deceleration correction value for correcting the stability factor used for calculating the reference yaw rate transmission characteristic according to the longitudinal acceleration / deceleration of the vehicle detected by the longitudinal acceleration / deceleration detecting means a longitudinal acceleration variation calculation means for calculating the amount of change per calculation means as a unit of the longitudinal acceleration time, the front and rear calculated by the longitudinal acceleration change amount calculation means When the amount of change per unit of the deceleration time is equal to or higher than the predetermined value, the correction value change amount that limits the amount of change per unit of acceleration correction value time which is calculated by the stability factor deceleration correction value computing means A vehicle rear wheel steering angle control device, comprising: a restricting means. 車体の前後加減速に応じて補正されたスタビリティファクタを含んで規範ヨーレイト伝達特性を演算し、前輪の実舵角と車速と前記規範ヨーレイト伝達特性とに基づいて後輪舵角の制御目標値を演算し、後輪の舵角が前記後輪舵角制御目標値になるように制御する車両の後輪舵角制御方法であって、 車体の前後加減速度を検出し、前記規範ヨーレイト伝達特性の演算に用いられる前記スタビリティファクタを前記前後加減速度に応じて補正する加減速度補正値を演算し、当該加減速度補正値の単位時間当たりの変化量が所定値以上の場合に、前記スタビリティファクタの前記加減速度補正値の単位時間当たりの変化量を制限する車両の後輪舵角制御方法。 Calculate the standard yaw rate transmission characteristic including the stability factor corrected according to the longitudinal acceleration / deceleration of the vehicle body, and control target value of the rear wheel rudder angle based on the actual steering angle and vehicle speed of the front wheel and the standard yaw rate transmission characteristic The vehicle rear wheel rudder angle control method for controlling the rudder angle of the rear wheels to be the rear wheel rudder angle control target value , wherein the longitudinal acceleration / deceleration of the vehicle body is detected and the reference yaw rate transmission characteristic is detected. An acceleration / deceleration correction value for correcting the stability factor used in the calculation according to the longitudinal acceleration / deceleration is calculated, and when the amount of change per unit time of the acceleration / deceleration correction value is a predetermined value or more, the stability A rear wheel steering angle control method for limiting a change amount per unit time of the acceleration / deceleration correction value of a factor. 車体の前後加減速に応じて補正されたスタビリティファクタを含んで規範ヨーレイト伝達特性を演算し、前輪の実舵角と車速と前記規範ヨーレイト伝達特性とに基づいて後輪舵角の制御目標値を演算し、後輪の舵角が前記後輪舵角制御目標値になるように制御する車両の後輪舵角制御方法であって、 車体の前後加減速度を検出し、前記規範ヨーレイト伝達特性の演算に用いられる前記スタビリティファクタを前記前後加減速度に応じて補正する加減速度補正値を演算し、前記前後加減速度の単位時間当たりの変化量が所定値以上の場合に、前記スタビリティファクタの前記加減速度補正値の単位時間当たりの変化量を制限する車両の後輪舵角制御方法。 Calculate the standard yaw rate transmission characteristic including the stability factor corrected according to the longitudinal acceleration / deceleration of the vehicle body, and control target value of the rear wheel rudder angle based on the actual steering angle and vehicle speed of the front wheel and the standard yaw rate transmission characteristic The vehicle rear wheel rudder angle control method for controlling the rudder angle of the rear wheels to be the rear wheel rudder angle control target value , wherein the longitudinal acceleration / deceleration of the vehicle body is detected and the reference yaw rate transmission characteristic is detected. An acceleration / deceleration correction value for correcting the stability factor used in the calculation according to the longitudinal acceleration / deceleration, and when the amount of change in the longitudinal acceleration / deceleration per unit time is a predetermined value or more, the stability factor A vehicle rear wheel steering angle control method for limiting a change amount per unit time of the acceleration / deceleration correction value.
JP2007317895A 2007-12-10 2007-12-10 Vehicle rear wheel rudder angle control device and rear wheel rudder angle control method Expired - Fee Related JP4751874B2 (en)

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