JP4751624B2 - Fastener - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fastener used for fixing a climbing beam arranged to be inclined from a ridge toward an eaves in order to support a roof of a wooden building.

  The roof of a wooden building is generally inclined downward from here to the eaves centering on the ridge near the center of the building, and it is necessary to receive various loads such as tiles and snow. There are intricately interlaced members such as pillars. The structure of the roof and its surroundings varies, but generally the structure as shown in FIG. 8 is widespread. As shown in this figure, pillars stand upright on the periphery of the building, beams are arranged horizontally so as to connect the pillars, and purlins are arranged horizontally on the top of the building. The talc is arranged obliquely from the purlin to the beam. A field board is laid on the entire surface of the talc, and exterior materials such as tiles are arranged on the field board. Since talc has a smaller cross section than beams, and only the purlins and beams that support both ends of the talc cannot withstand the load of the roof, the middle part is also supported by the bundle and the purlin.

  In addition to the traditional structure shown in FIG. 8, climbing beams may be used as a substitute for talc. The climbing beam is arranged obliquely like talc, but its cross section has the same dimensions as other beams, and it not only simply supports the field board, but also functions as a building skeleton. As a result, members supporting the middle, such as bundles and purlins, are no longer needed, and the structure of the attic is simplified, so a large space can be secured when an attic is provided, and the atrium structure is eliminated by eliminating the ceiling. In this case, only thick members such as beams and climbing beams are neatly arranged on the attic, creating a unique atmosphere that makes you feel a profound feeling.

  As mentioned above, the climbing beam is superior in terms of securing space and aesthetics when it is provided with an attic or has an atrium structure without a ceiling, but the length and thickness of the climbing beam, and other inclination angles during construction Since it differs from building to building, the fastening method with purlins and beams that support both ends of the climbing beam has not been established, and special tools such as hozos and nails are used to manufacture and assemble dedicated brackets each time. There are many cases. In order to solve such problems, it is possible to manufacture and store various types of brackets in advance according to various cross-sectional shapes and inclination angles of climbing beams, but this method collects many types of brackets together. There is a need to manufacture it, which is easy to increase labor, and has a large amount of inventory. Therefore, buildings using climbing beams tend to be more expensive than conventional ones. Therefore, even if a building using climbing beams is desired, it may be abandoned and changed to a conventional construction method.

  FIG. 9 shows a structural example of a metal fitting currently used to fix the lower end side of the climbing beam. The climbing beams shown here have different inclination angles and cross-sectional shapes, and their fixing methods are also different. 9A to 9D, a metal fitting is inserted from the end face of the climbing beam, and a fixing pin is driven so as to penetrate the climbing beam and the metal fitting. Furthermore, the metal fitting is attracted to the beam by bolts and fixed. Note that when the tilt angle is large as in (C) and (D), the bolts cannot be arranged in a well-balanced manner, so the strength is ensured by using an L-shaped reinforcing tool. As described above, the shape of the metal fitting varies depending on the inclination angle and cross-sectional shape of the climbing beam, the arrangement of the bolts and fixing pins also changes, and an accessory such as a reinforcing tool may be required.

  The climbing beam is not only to support the load on the roof, but is also a part of the important skeletal structure that maintains the strength of the building, and it is necessary to secure sufficient rigidity at the fastening part with other beams. Furthermore, since the climbing beam is constructed at a high place using heavy machinery during construction, it is necessary to be able to fasten it as quickly and simply as possible.

  The present invention was developed on the basis of such circumstances, and can be used for general purposes and can suppress the increase in cost regardless of the cross-sectional shape and inclination angle of the climbing beam. The purpose is to provide ingredients.

The invention according to claim 1 for solving the above-mentioned problem is characterized in that a round hole formed in the bottom surface of the climbing beam, a shaft that passes through the round hole formed in the upper surface of the support member, and a side surface of the shaft A drift pin that passes through the formed lateral hole and the support member, and a fixing pin that passes through the lateral hole formed on the side surface of the shaft and the climbing beam are provided, and the support member and the climbing beam are coupled via the shaft. The fastener is characterized in that a space portion is secured between the outer peripheral surface of the shaft and the inner peripheral surface of the round hole formed in the climbing beam so that they do not come into contact with each other.

The climbing beam according to the present invention is arranged along the slope of the roof, the upper end thereof is fastened to the purlin, and the lower end of one is fastened to the support member. The support member refers to all members that receive the lower end of the climbing beam, and corresponds to a beam or a column. In the present invention, the lower end side of the climbing beam is placed on the upper surface of the support member. Therefore, a bottom surface that is a downward horizontal surface during installation is machined near the lower end of the climbing beam, and this bottom surface is supported. The upper surface of the member is in surface contact. Furthermore, in order to couple | bond the bottom face of a climbing beam and the upper surface of a supporting member, the fastener is interposed between both.

The bottom surface of the climbing beam and the top surface of the support member are fastened via a shaft. The shaft is a cylindrical round bar, and both members are inserted. In order to insert the shaft, it is necessary to process concentric round holes at predetermined positions of the support member and the climbing beam. Further, a plurality of lateral holes penetrates the side surface of the shaft, and when a drift pin is driven so as to penetrate the lateral hole and the support member, and a fixing pin is driven so as to penetrate the lateral hole and the climbing beam, Both members are fastened through the shaft. It should be noted that the outer diameter of the shaft and the inner diameters of both round holes are the same so that no looseness occurs.

  With this configuration, when the climbing beam is fastened, it is only necessary to form a round hole for inserting the round bar into the bottom surface of the climbing beam, so how the cross-sectional shape and inclination angle of the climbing beam change. However, it is very versatile.

The shaft passes through both the support member and the climbing beam, but in the section through which the shaft is inserted, the outer peripheral surface of the shaft and the inner peripheral surface of the round hole are brought into full contact with each other. It is not necessary, and a space is provided in order to make the contact partial on the premise that a predetermined strength can be secured . As a specific configuration of the space portion, there are methods such as thinning only a part of the cross section of the shaft or partially increasing the diameter of the round hole. With this configuration, when the shaft is inserted into the climbing beam, friction is reduced, and elastic deformation of the shaft and the round hole can be allowed by the space portion.

As in the first aspect of the present invention, the climbing beam is fastened by the shaft penetrating both members, so that the climbing beam is simply formed with a round hole for inserting the shaft, and the cross section of the climbing beam Since it is not affected by changes in shape and angle of inclination , shafts having the same shape can be used in various climbing beams, and costs can be reduced. In addition, by embedding the shaft in the support member prior to the construction, the construction time can be shortened as compared with the work using the conventional tenon or nail. As a result, it becomes possible to provide buildings using climbing beams at as low a cost as possible, and it is possible to meet the demands of more construction owners.

In addition, by providing a space in order to make partial contact between the outer peripheral surface of the shaft and the inner peripheral surface of the climbing beam, workability when installing the climbing beam is improved by reducing friction. Furthermore, since the contact area between the shaft and the climbing beam is reduced, elastic deformation of the climbing beam and the shaft can be allowed to some extent, and minute errors can be absorbed.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a place where a fastener according to the present invention is used, and depicts a skeleton structure in the vicinity of a roof of a wooden building. The pillar 32 stands upright from the ground, and the beam 31 is placed thereon. The beam 31 is arranged in a rectangular shape so as to surround the periphery of the building, and a purlin 34 is horizontally arranged above the beam 31 in the vicinity of the center of the building. The purlin 34 is installed at the highest position of the building, the upper end of the climbing beam 33 that supports the roof is fixed to the side surface of the purlin 34, the lower end rests on the beam 31, and only both ends are supported. It is in the state. Note that a field board 35 is laid on the entire surface of the climbing beam 33 and a tile 36 and the like are placed thereon. The lower end of the climbing beam 33 is supported by the beam 31, and this fastening portion has a structure in which the climbing beam 33 is placed on the upper surface P of the beam 31. However, since the climbing beam 33 is inclined and cannot be contacted with the upper surface P of the beam 31 as it is, a bottom surface B that is horizontally finished by cutting out the vicinity of the end is formed.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing details in the vicinity of the lower end of the climbing beam 33 of FIG. At the lower end of the climbing beam 33, a bottom surface B is formed by horizontally finishing the downward surface. Further, a pair of grooves 17 penetrating the climbing beam 33 are processed so as to cross the bottom surface B, and the grooves 17 penetrate to the opposite surface of the bottom surface B. Further, a drill hole 14 is formed in the side surface of the climbing beam 33 so as to penetrate the groove 17 and reach the opposite surface, and the steel fixing pin 11 can be driven into this. The metal fitting 1 has a U-shaped shape obtained by bending an iron plate in two places, a front plate 5 located in the center, and two wing plates 6 extending vertically from both sides of the front plate 5. The wing plate 6 has a locking hole 9 into which the fixing pin 11 is inserted. Naturally, the locking hole 9 is formed concentrically with the two slats 6. In addition, the front plate 5 has a hole 7 formed in the center, which is not visible in the figure.

  The columnar shaft 3 is embedded in the beam 31, and a round hole 13 is processed at a predetermined position on the upper surface P of the beam 31 correspondingly. The diameters of the shaft 3 and the inner periphery of the round hole 13 are equal to each other so that no play is generated between the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 3 and the inner peripheral surface of the round hole 13. In addition, a drill hole 15 that reaches the opposite surface through the round hole 13 is processed on the side surface of the beam 31, and a corresponding horizontal hole 10 is processed on the shaft 3. Therefore, after the shaft 3 is inserted into the round hole 13, when the drift pin 12 is driven after aligning the positions of the drill hole 15 and the lateral hole 10, the shaft 3 is integrated with the beam 31. A female screw 8 is machined in the center of the upper end surface of the shaft 3, and after the front plate 5 of the metal fitting 1 is brought into contact with a predetermined position on the upper surface P of the beam 31, the bolt 4 is inserted into the hole 7 formed in the front plate 5. When the screw portion is inserted and screwed into the female screw 8 and tightened, the metal fitting 1 and the shaft 3 are integrated via the bolt 4. Further, when the wing plate 6 is inserted into the groove 17 of the climbing beam 33 and the locking hole 9 is aligned with the drilling hole 14 and the fixing pin 11 is driven, the beam 31 and the climbing beam 33 are integrated.

  FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a configuration viewed from below opposite to FIG. Although the front plate 5 of the metal fitting 1 is sandwiched between the beam 31 and the climbing beam 33, a step is provided between the grooves 17 on the bottom surface B of the climbing beam 33 in order to embed the front plate 5. Is stored here. Further, a counterbore hole 16 is formed in the vicinity of the center of the bottom surface B for accommodating the head of the bolt 4, and a hole 7 for inserting the bolt 4 is provided in the vicinity of the center of the front plate 5.

  4A and 4B are diagrams showing the cross-sectional shape of FIG. 2, in which FIG. 4A is a central longitudinal sectional view of the climbing beam, and FIG. 4B is a central longitudinal sectional view of the beam. However, each element is drawn in an integrated state after installation. As shown in these drawings, the shaft 3 embedded in the round hole 13 of the beam 31 is fixed by the drift pin 12, and the metal fitting 1 inserted into the groove 17 of the climbing beam 33 is fixed by the fixing pin 11. ing. In addition, since the head of the bolt 4 is located inside the climbing beam 33, a counterbore hole 16 is provided in which the periphery is cut out. Further, the groove 17 is not processed so as to merely insert the slat 6 but is processed up to a position indicated by a dotted line in FIG. Therefore, a certain amount of dimensional error is allowed, and the error can be absorbed by elastic deformation of the metal fitting 1.

FIG. 5 shows a method of connecting the beam 31 and the climbing beam 33 using the shaft 21 as in the first aspect of the invention. FIG. 5 (A) is a perspective view, and FIG. It is a center longitudinal cross-sectional view of a climbing beam. The beam 31 is provided with a round hole 23 as in FIG. 1 and the shaft 21 is inserted into the beam 31 and fixed with the drift pin 27 as in FIG. A round hole 22 for inserting 21 is provided. Therefore, the shaft 21 passes through both the beam 31 and the climbing beam 33, the shaft 21 and the climbing beam 33 are fastened by the fixing pin 26, and the shaft 21 and the beam 31 are fastened by the drift pin 27. For this purpose, the shaft 21 has a side hole 24 for passing the fixing pin 26 and a side hole 25 for passing the drift pin 27. If the round hole 22 can be machined in the climbing beam 33 by such a configuration, it is extremely versatile because it is not affected by its size or inclination angle. Further, in order to insert the fixing pin 26 and the drift pin 27, the climbing beam 33 and the beam 31 are formed with a drill hole 29 penetrating the side surface. The drill hole 29 is aligned with the horizontal holes 24 and 25 of the shaft 21.

  When the climbing beam 33 is fixed using the shaft 21 as shown in FIG. 5, it is desirable to use a method as shown in FIG. 6 in consideration of workability in actual construction. FIG. 6 is a central cross-sectional view of the climbing beam, and FIG. 6A partially reduces the cross-sectional diameter of the upper portion of the shaft 21, resulting in a space 28 between them. As a result, friction acting during construction is reduced, and the shaft 21 can be slightly tilted in the space 28, and the round hole 22 is easily deformed, and is highly flexible against dimensional errors. However, in order to ensure a predetermined rigidity, the space portion 28 is not provided in the vicinity of the end portion of the shaft 21 and the vicinity of the entrance of the round hole 22, and both are brought into close contact with each other. Further, as shown in FIG. 6B, it is possible to provide the space portion 28 between the both by keeping the cross section of the shaft 21 constant and partially expanding the diameter of the round hole 22.

  The present invention is characterized in that even if the thickness and inclination of the climbing beam 33 change, the same configuration can be used. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing this, and the two climbing beams 33 in the figure are different in inclination and thickness. However, if the groove 17 and the round hole 22 for inserting the blade 6 can be machined on the bottom surface B of the climbing beam 33, there is no problem whether the angle of the climbing beam 33 is close to horizontal or vertical. Since the same thickness can be used as long as the slat 6 and the shaft 21 do not protrude, it can greatly contribute to cost reduction. In addition to the beam 31 shown in FIG. 1 and the like, the upper surface of the column 32 may be used as the support member as shown on the left side of the drawing.

It is a perspective view which shows the location where the fastener by this invention is used, and is extracting and drawing the frame | skeleton structure near the roof of a wooden building. It is a perspective view which shows the detail near the lower end of the climbing beam drawn by FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the structure seen from the bottom opposite to FIG. It is a figure which shows the cross-sectional shape of FIG. 2, (A) is a center longitudinal cross-sectional view of a climbing beam, (B) is a center longitudinal cross-sectional view of a beam. However, each element is drawn in an integrated state after installation. It is a figure which shows the method of couple | bonding a beam and a climbing beam using a shaft like invention of Claim 1 , (A) is a perspective view, (B) is a center longitudinal cross-sectional view of a climbing beam . It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the case where a space part is provided between a shaft and a round hole (climbing beam side), (A) is partially reducing the cross section of a shaft, (B) is a cross section of a round hole. Is partially enlarged. It is a perspective view which shows that this invention can respond flexibly, even if the thickness and inclination of a climbing beam change. In a conventional wooden building, it is a perspective view which shows the structural example of a roof and its periphery. In order to fix the lower end side of the climbing beam, it is a side view showing an example of the structure of a metal fitting etc. that is currently used. It shows that the shapes of the metal fittings and the arrangement of bolts and fixing pins are different.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Metal fitting 2 Connecting member 3 Shaft 4 Bolt 5 Front board 6 Wing board 7 Hole 8 Female screw 9 Locking hole 10 Lateral hole 11 Fixing pin 12 Drift pin 13 Round hole 14 Drilling hole (Climbing beam side)
15 Drill hole (support member side)
16 Counterbore 17 Groove 21 Shaft 22 Round hole (Climbing beam side)
23 Round hole (support member side)
24 Horizontal hole (climbing beam side)
25 Horizontal hole (support member side)
26 Fixing pin 27 Drift pin 28 Space 29 Drill hole 31 Beam (supporting member)
32 Pillar (support member)
33 Climbing beam 34 Purlin 35 Base plate 36 Tile B Bottom surface of climbing beam P Upper surface of support member

Claims (1)

A shaft (21) through which a round hole (22) formed in the bottom surface (B) of the climbing beam (33) and a round hole (23) formed in the top surface (P) of the support members (31, 32) are inserted. When,
A drift pin (27) that passes through a side hole (25) formed in a side surface of the shaft (21) and a support member (31, 32);
A fixing pin (26) for inserting a lateral hole (24) formed on a side surface of the shaft (21) and a climbing beam (33);
With
The support members (31, 32) and the climbing beam (33) are coupled via the shaft (21) ,
A space (28) is secured between the outer peripheral surface of the shaft (21) and the inner peripheral surface of the round hole (22) formed in the climbing beam (33) so that they do not contact each other. Fastener characterized by.

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