JP4744499B2 - Waste landfill method and leachate treatment method - Google Patents

Waste landfill method and leachate treatment method Download PDF

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JP4744499B2
JP4744499B2 JP2007288108A JP2007288108A JP4744499B2 JP 4744499 B2 JP4744499 B2 JP 4744499B2 JP 2007288108 A JP2007288108 A JP 2007288108A JP 2007288108 A JP2007288108 A JP 2007288108A JP 4744499 B2 JP4744499 B2 JP 4744499B2
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waste
caisson
landfill
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leachate
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栄治 関
昇 竹村
達彦 杉本
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Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding Co Ltd
Mitsui E&S Holdings Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Description

本発明は廃棄物の埋立方法及び浸出水の処理方法に関し、詳しくは、廃棄物の安定化処理により発生する浸出水を浄化処理するための水処理施設の設置に掛かる工期と費用を大幅に削減でき、埋立の早期実施を可能とする廃棄物の埋立方法及び浸出水の処理方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a waste landfill method and a leachate treatment method, and in particular, significantly reduces the work period and cost for installing a water treatment facility for purifying leachate generated by waste stabilization treatment. The present invention relates to a waste landfill method and leachate treatment method that enable early landfill.

産業廃棄物や一般廃棄物は、埋立処分される形態によって、安定型廃棄物と管理型廃棄物に分類される。   Industrial waste and general waste are classified into stable waste and managed waste according to the form of landfill disposal.

安定型廃棄物は、瓦礫類、陶器屑など、形状が安定したもので、有害成分を溶出することはないが、管理型廃棄物は、汚泥、木屑、焼却灰などで、溶出成分に有害物質を含み、水質汚染を起こしやすい、有害な溶出成分を排出する廃棄物である。   Stable waste is stable in shape, such as rubble and earthenware waste, and does not elute harmful components, but managed waste is sludge, wood waste, incinerated ash, etc. It is a waste that discharges harmful elution components that easily cause water pollution.

このため、従来、管理型廃棄物や安定型廃棄物を処分場に埋め立てる場合、図５に示すように、埋立区域を管理型廃棄物区域Ａと安定型廃棄物区域Ｂに区画し、管理型廃棄物区域Ａの周囲は、図６に示すような護岸壁で隔離し、有害物質の外部への流出を防止する工法がとられていた。安定型廃棄物区域Ｂは有害成分の流出のおそれがないので、図６のような護岸壁を必要としない。   For this reason, conventionally, when management-type waste or stable-type waste is landfilled in a disposal site, as shown in FIG. 5, the landfill area is divided into a management-type waste area A and a stable-type waste area B. The area around the waste area A was isolated by a revetment wall as shown in FIG. 6, and a construction method was adopted to prevent the discharge of harmful substances to the outside. In the stable waste area B, there is no fear of the leakage of harmful components, and therefore no revetment wall as shown in FIG. 6 is required.

図６に基づいて護岸壁の詳細を説明すると、海と接する部位には、護岸壁２００を基礎捨て石２００ａの上に竪設する。管理型廃棄物区域Ａ側には、順に、防砂シート２０１、腰付け土２０２、遮水シート２０３、中間保護層２０４、遮水シート２０５、上部被覆層２０６、洗堀防止シート２０７が形成されている。   The details of the revetment wall will be described with reference to FIG. 6. The revetment wall 200 is installed on the foundation discarding stone 200 a at a portion in contact with the sea. On the managed waste area A side, a sandproof sheet 201, a lining soil 202, a water shielding sheet 203, an intermediate protective layer 204, a water shielding sheet 205, an upper covering layer 206, and a scour prevention sheet 207 are formed in this order. Yes.

従って、従来、管理型廃棄物の処分においては、有害物質が溶け出した水が他に漏れないようにして、浸出水を浄化処理して安定化させる手法が採用されていたので、処分場の護岸壁を設けるだけでも、膨大なコストがかかる問題があった。   Therefore, conventionally, in the disposal of managed waste, a method has been adopted to purify and stabilize leachate so that water from which toxic substances have dissolved is not leaked to others. There was a problem that a huge cost was required just by installing a revetment wall.

また、上記の管理型廃棄物区域Ａ側において、管理型廃棄物を安定化させるには、図７に示すように、先ず管理型廃棄物Ｉを受け入れて、散水による安定化処理を行い、安定化したら、管理型廃棄物ＩＩを受け入れて、散水による安定化処理を行い、安定化したら、更に管理型廃棄物ＩＩＩを受け入れて、散水による安定化処理を行う。このような手法では、管理型廃棄物ＩＩＩが安定化するまでは安定化処理が終了せず、閉鎖するまで長年かかる欠点がある。また雨水による有害物質の漏洩のおそれがあるが、管理型廃棄物区域Ａの上部全部を遮蔽するには膨大な費用がかかる問題がある。
特許第３４３９６３６号公報 特許第３８７６５９６号公報 In addition, in order to stabilize the management-type waste on the above-mentioned management-type waste area A side, as shown in FIG. 7, first, the management-type waste I is received and stabilized by watering, and stabilized. If it is, the management-type waste II is accepted and the stabilization process is performed by watering. After stabilization, the management-type waste III is further received and the stabilization process is performed by watering. Such a method has a disadvantage that the stabilization process is not completed until the managed waste III is stabilized, and it takes many years to close. Further, there is a risk of leakage of harmful substances due to rainwater, but there is a problem that enormous costs are required to shield the entire upper part of the managed waste area A.
Japanese Patent No. 3439636 Japanese Patent No. 3876596

特許文献１には、管理型廃棄物を複数の区画内で散水処理して有害物質の洗浄処理を行って、廃棄物が安定したら、そのまま埋め立てる方法が記載されている。特許文献１の技術は、複数の区画で散水により浸出水の安定化を早期に実施し、閉鎖期間の短縮を図るものである。   Patent Document 1 describes a method in which managed waste is sprinkled in a plurality of compartments to perform cleaning of harmful substances, and when the waste is stabilized, it is directly landfilled. The technique of patent document 1 implements stabilization of leachate at an early stage by watering in a plurality of sections, and aims at shortening the closing period.

この特許文献１には、ケーソンについては記載がないが、各区画にケーソンを適用したとしても、全ての区画に管理型廃棄物を受け入れ、安定化処理が完成したら、閉鎖するためにケーソン毎埋め立てることになる。   Although there is no description about caisson in this patent document 1, even if caisson is applied to each compartment, managed waste is accepted in all compartments, and when stabilization processing is completed, each caisson is reclaimed to be closed. It will be.

しかし、このようなケーソン自体を閉鎖していく手法では、大量の管理型廃棄物を受け入れて安定化処理して埋め立てる場合に、管理型廃棄物量に応じた大量のケーソンを必要とし、コスト低減にはならない欠点がある。   However, such a method of closing the caisson itself requires a large amount of caisson according to the amount of managed waste when receiving a large amount of managed waste and stabilizing and landfilling it. There is a disadvantage that should not be.

また、管理型廃棄物を安定化させる際に排出される浸出水を浄化処理するためには、水処理施設を設置する必要があるが、特許文献２のようにケーソンを水処理施設に用いてしまうと、ケーソンを用いた廃棄物の安定化処理が実現できず、本来の廃棄物の埋立処理が実現できない欠点がある。   Moreover, in order to purify the leachate discharged when stabilizing managed waste, it is necessary to install a water treatment facility. However, as in Patent Document 2, a caisson is used for the water treatment facility. In other words, there is a drawback that the waste stabilization process using the caisson cannot be realized and the original waste landfill process cannot be realized.

そこで、本発明者らは、ケーソンに廃棄物の安定化処理を担保させ、浸出水の処理は水処理施設を搭載したバージを利用することによって、低コストで廃棄物を処分できると共に、水処理施設の設置に掛かる工期と費用を大幅に削減できることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。   Therefore, the present inventors have caisson ensured the waste stabilization treatment, and the leachate treatment can be disposed of at low cost by using a barge equipped with a water treatment facility, and the water treatment The present inventors have found that the construction period and cost required for installation of facilities can be greatly reduced, and the present invention has been completed.

即ち、本発明の課題は、埋立区域をケーソンで区画し、ケーソン内で廃棄物を安定化処理した後、逐次、移送して埋め立てることにより、従来のような護岸壁を必要とせずに、低コストで廃棄物を処分できる廃棄物の埋立方法を提供することにある。   That is, the object of the present invention is to divide a landfill area with a caisson, stabilize the waste in the caisson, and then sequentially transfer and landfill to reduce the need for a conventional revetment wall. The object is to provide a landfill method for waste that can be disposed of at a low cost.

また本発明の他の課題は、廃棄物の安定化処理により発生する浸出水を浄化処理するための水処理施設の設置に掛かる工期と費用を大幅に削減でき、埋立の早期実施を可能とする浸出水の処理方法を提供することにある。   In addition, another object of the present invention is to significantly reduce the construction period and cost for installing a water treatment facility for purifying leachate generated by the stabilization treatment of waste, and enable early implementation of landfill. The object is to provide a method for treating leachate.

本発明の他の課題は、以下の記載により明らかとなる。   Other problems of the present invention will become apparent from the following description.

上記課題は、以下の各発明によって解決される。   The above problems are solved by the following inventions.

（請求項１）
海岸に産業廃棄物又は一般廃棄物を埋め立てる廃棄物の埋立方法において、
海岸の埋立区域を、少なくとも一部にケーソンを使用した護岸壁によって区画すると共に、該埋立区域内に、水処理施設を搭載したバージを曳航して着底させ、
前記ケーソン内に有害な溶出成分を排出する廃棄物を受け入れ、該ケーソン内で海水による散水処理を行って前記廃棄物を安定化処理し、
前記安定化処理により発生する有機物や有害な溶出成分を含む浸出水を、前記水処理施設のみで浄化処理し、
前記安定化処理された廃棄物を該ケーソンから取り出して前記埋立区域内に移送して埋め立てることを特徴とする廃棄物の埋立方法。 (Claim 1)
In the landfill method of waste that landfills industrial waste or general waste on the coast,
The landfill area of the coast is partitioned by a revetment wall using caisson at least in part, and a barge equipped with a water treatment facility is towed and settled in the landfill area,
Accept waste that discharges harmful elution components in the caisson, stabilize the waste by performing sprinkling treatment with seawater in the caisson,
Purify leachate containing organic matter and harmful elution components generated by the stabilization treatment only at the water treatment facility,
A waste landfill method, wherein the stabilized waste is taken out from the caisson and transferred into the landfill area for landfill.

（請求項２）
前記廃棄物を受け入れるケーソンの上方に、移動可能な屋根状の覆いを設け、外部環境とケーソン内部とを遮断することを特徴とする請求項１記載の廃棄物の埋立方法。 (Claim 2)
The waste landfill method according to claim 1, wherein a movable roof-like cover is provided above the caisson that receives the waste to block the external environment from the caisson.

（請求項３）
海岸の埋立区域を、少なくとも一部にケーソンを使用した護岸壁によって区画すると共に、該埋立区域内に、水処理施設を搭載したバージを曳航して着底させ、
前記ケーソン内に有害な溶出成分を排出する廃棄物を受け入れ、該ケーソン内で海水による散水処理を行って前記廃棄物を安定化処理し、
前記安定化処理により発生する有機物や有害な溶出成分を含む浸出水を、前記水処理施設のみで浄化処理することを特徴とする浸出水の処理方法。 (Claim 3)
The landfill area of the coast is partitioned by a revetment wall using caisson at least in part, and a barge equipped with a water treatment facility is towed and settled in the landfill area,
Accept waste that discharges harmful elution components in the caisson, stabilize the waste by performing sprinkling treatment with seawater in the caisson,
A method for treating leachate, comprising purifying leachate containing organic matter and harmful elution components generated by the stabilization treatment only at the water treatment facility.

（請求項４）
前記水処理施設が、浸出水中の有機物や窒素分を処理する生物処理設備と、浸出水中の有害な溶出成分を凝集沈殿処理する凝集沈殿処理設備を少なくとも有することを特徴とする請求項３記載の浸出水の処理方法。 (Claim 4)
The said water treatment plant | facility has at least the biological treatment equipment which processes the organic matter and nitrogen content in leachate, and the coagulation sedimentation treatment equipment which coagulates and precipitates the harmful elution component in leachate. Treatment method of leachate.

本発明の廃棄物の埋立方法によれば、埋立区域をケーソンで区画し、ケーソン内で廃棄物を安定化処理した後、逐次、移送して埋め立てることにより、従来のような護岸壁を必要とせずに、低コストで廃棄物を処分できる。   According to the waste landfill method of the present invention, the landfill area is divided by caisson, and after stabilizing the waste in the caisson, it is transferred and landfilled sequentially, so that a conventional revetment wall is required. In addition, waste can be disposed of at low cost.

また、本発明の浸出水の処理方法によれば、廃棄物の安定化処理により発生する浸出水を浄化処理するための水処理施設の設置に掛かる工期と費用を大幅に削減でき、埋立の早期実施を可能とする。   In addition, according to the leachate treatment method of the present invention, it is possible to greatly reduce the construction period and cost required for the installation of a water treatment facility for purifying leachate generated by the stabilization treatment of waste, and the early landfill Enable implementation.

また本発明によれば、埋立区域を区画するための複数のケーソンのうち、一つ目のケーソンを設置した時点から、廃棄物の受け入れができるので、処理開始までの期間が短い廃棄物の埋立方法を提供することができる。   Further, according to the present invention, waste can be received from the time when the first caisson is installed among the plurality of caissons for partitioning the landfill area. A method can be provided.

更にまた、本発明によれば、海岸には海水が豊富にあるので、安定化のための散水に用いる水は豊富にあり、安定化のためにふんだんに水を使うことができ、安定化するまでの期間を短縮できる廃棄物の埋立方法を提供することができる。   Furthermore, according to the present invention, since there is abundant seawater on the shore, there is abundant water used for watering for stabilization, and water can be used for stabilization, until it stabilizes. It is possible to provide a waste landfill method that can shorten the period of the waste.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について図面に基づいて説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

図１は、本発明に係る廃棄物の埋立方法並びに浸出水の処理方法の一態様を示す平面図であり、１は海岸から海側に向かって一定の区画に仕切られた廃棄物の埋立区域である。   FIG. 1 is a plan view showing one embodiment of a waste landfill method and leachate treatment method according to the present invention, wherein 1 is a waste landfill area partitioned into fixed sections from the coast toward the sea. It is.

廃棄物には、一般に、有害成分を溶出することがなく、そのまま埋め立てることができる安定型廃棄物と、溶出成分に有害物質を含み、浸出水処理を必要とする管理型廃棄物とがあるが、本明細書では特に断りがない限り、後者の管理型廃棄物を指すものとする。   In general, there are two types of waste: stable waste that does not elute harmful components and can be landfilled as it is, and managed waste that contains hazardous substances and requires leachate treatment. Unless otherwise specified, in this specification, the latter managed waste is indicated.

埋立区域１の周囲は護岸壁によって区画されている。ここでは護岸壁として複数のケーソン２を用いて埋立区域１の周囲を区画しているが、ケーソン２は護岸壁の少なくとも一部に１又は２以上設置されていればよく、ケーソン２と不図示の矢板とを組合せて護岸壁を構成してもよい。   The area around the landfill area 1 is divided by a revetment wall. Here, a plurality of caissons 2 are used as a revetment wall to divide the surrounding area of the landfill area 1. However, the caisson 2 may be installed in at least a part of the revetment wall and may not be shown as the caisson 2. A revetment wall may be configured by combining with a sheet pile.

本発明において、ケーソンというのは、箱状の形態で、内部に廃棄物を受け入れて散水処理が可能な空間が形成されたもので、工場等において予め成形され、現場に搬入されたものを言う。   In the present invention, a caisson is a box-like form in which a space is formed that can receive waste and can be sprinkled, and is formed in advance in a factory or the like and then brought into the field. .

本発明におけるケーソンは、コンクリート製、鋼板製、鋼板とコンクリートの合成構造等のいずれでもよく、護岸壁として利用できる耐久性、海水面に浸水させた際に自重によって護岸壁を形成できる重量を有していることが好ましい。   The caisson in the present invention may be made of concrete, steel plate, composite structure of steel plate and concrete, etc., and has durability that can be used as a revetment wall, and a weight that can form a revetment wall by its own weight when immersed in seawater. It is preferable.

ケーソン２の各々は内部を複数に仕切った構造（区画）を有していてもよい。   Each of the caissons 2 may have a structure (partition) in which the interior is partitioned into a plurality.

かかるケーソン２は、図２に示すように、予め工場にて製作されたものをタグボート等によって、埋立区画１内の設置予定場所まで曳航する（図２（Ａ））。設置予定場所の海底には、必要に応じて基礎地盤１ａを築造しておき、ケーソン２の内底部に土砂３等を投入することにより、基礎地盤１ａ上にケーソン２を沈設する（図２（Ｂ））。沈設されたケーソン２と海岸との間は、土石１ｂ等を投入して埋め、海岸とケーソン２とを陸続きとなるようにしておく（図２（Ｃ））。   As shown in FIG. 2, the caisson 2 is towed to a planned installation location in the landfill section 1 by using a tug boat or the like (FIG. 2A). The foundation ground 1a is built on the sea floor of the planned installation place as needed, and the caisson 2 is set on the foundation ground 1a by throwing earth and sand 3 etc. into the inner bottom of the caisson 2 (FIG. 2 ( B)). Between the caisson 2 and the coast that has been laid, earth and stones 1b and the like are inserted and buried so that the coast and the caisson 2 are connected to the land (FIG. 2C).

更に、予め水処理施設５を搭載したバージ４をタグボート等によって埋立区域１内まで曳航する（図２（Ｄ））。バージ４の設置予定場所の海底には、必要に応じて基礎地盤１ｃを築造しておき、ケーソン２に近接するように基礎地盤１ｃ上にバージ４を着底させる。   Further, the barge 4 preloaded with the water treatment facility 5 is towed into the landfill area 1 by a tugboat or the like (FIG. 2D). A foundation ground 1 c is built on the seabed at the place where the barge 4 is to be installed, if necessary, and the barge 4 is grounded on the foundation ground 1 c so as to be close to the caisson 2.

なお、複数のケーソン２のうちの少なくとも１つの内部には、後述する廃棄物の安定化処理設備６を設置しておく（図２（Ｅ））。バージ４の着底後は、更にケーソン２又は矢板を使用して埋立区域１の周囲を区画する。   In addition, a waste stabilization treatment facility 6 described later is installed in at least one of the plurality of caissons 2 (FIG. 2E). After the barge 4 reaches the bottom, the periphery of the landfill area 1 is further divided using a caisson 2 or a sheet pile.

水処理施設５を搭載したバージ４は１基に限らず、図１に示すように、水処理施設５の規模や処理量に応じて、水処理施設５１を搭載したバージ４１と水処理施設５２を搭載したバージ４２というように複数基であってもよい。バージ４を複数基とする場合、搭載される各水処理施設５は、水処理の一連の複数工程を分割して複数のバージ４に設備を振り分けて設置することができる。   The barge 4 equipped with the water treatment facility 5 is not limited to one, and as shown in FIG. 1, the barge 41 equipped with the water treatment facility 51 and the water treatment facility 52 according to the scale and the processing amount of the water treatment facility 5. There may be a plurality of units such as a barge 42 equipped with In the case where a plurality of barges 4 are used, each water treatment facility 5 to be mounted can divide a series of water treatment steps and distribute the facilities to the plurality of barges 4.

このようにして設置された護岸壁を構成するケーソン２の内部には、有害な溶出成分を排出する廃棄物が受け入れられる。   In the caisson 2 constituting the revetment wall thus installed, waste that discharges harmful elution components is accepted.

本実施形態では、ケーソン２は埋立区域１の陸上側の一辺にもケーソン２１〜２６として設置されているため、これらを廃棄物受け入れ用として使用するようにすれば、陸上輸送される廃棄物の受け入れが容易となる。   In the present embodiment, since the caisson 2 is installed as caisson 21 to 26 on one side of the landfill area 1 as well, if these are used for receiving waste, Easy to accept.

なお、廃棄物が海上輸送される場合は、海側に設置されているケーソン２を廃棄物受け入れ用のケーソン２として使用することもできる。   When the waste is transported by sea, the caisson 2 installed on the sea side can be used as the caisson 2 for receiving waste.

廃棄物の受け入れをケーソン２１〜２６を用いて行う場合、これらのケーソン２１〜２６のうち、例えばバージ４１に搭載されている水処理施設５１に近いケーソン２１から投入開始する。本実施形態のように複数のケーソン２を有する場合は、廃棄物の受入量の増加に伴って、ケーソン２１が所定量に達したら、順次、ケーソン２２、２３…の順に投入していくことができる。   When receiving the waste using the caissons 21 to 26, the charging starts from the caisson 21 near the water treatment facility 51 mounted on the barge 41, for example. In the case of having a plurality of caissons 2 as in this embodiment, when the caisson 21 reaches a predetermined amount as the amount of waste received increases, the caissons 22 may be sequentially inserted in the order of caissons 22, 23. it can.

ケーソン２に投入された廃棄物は、安定化処理設備６によって、該ケーソン２内で安定化処理（海水による散水処理）が施される。   The waste thrown into the caisson 2 is subjected to stabilization processing (sprinkling treatment with seawater) in the caisson 2 by the stabilization processing equipment 6.

図３は、廃棄物の安定化処理を行う様子を示す模式図である。図３において、６１は海水ポンプであり、海水ポンプ６１で汲み上げられた海水は、配管６２を介して散水部６３に送られる。散水部６３には例えばスプレーノズルが設置され、ケーソン２内に投入された廃棄物１００の上部から散水する。   FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a state in which the waste stabilization process is performed. In FIG. 3, 61 is a seawater pump, and the seawater pumped up by the seawater pump 61 is sent to the sprinkler 63 through the pipe 62. For example, a spray nozzle is installed in the water sprinkling part 63 and sprinkles water from the upper part of the waste 100 thrown into the caisson 2.

安定化処理設備６の下部には空間部６４が形成されている。空間部６４は、例えば網状体やパンチングメタルのような透孔部材６５を所定高さに設置することによって形成すればよい。透孔部材６５の上部には海水を通過できる不織布６６を設けることも好ましい。   A space 64 is formed in the lower part of the stabilization processing facility 6. The space portion 64 may be formed by installing a through-hole member 65 such as a net or a punching metal at a predetermined height. It is also preferable to provide a non-woven fabric 66 that can pass seawater at the top of the through-hole member 65.

廃棄物１００の上部から散水された海水には、廃棄物１００に含まれる可溶性の有機物や塩類あるいは重金属などが有害成分として溶出する。この溶出処理を長時間継続していると、有害成分の溶出がほとんどなくなり、廃棄物１００が安定化する状態となっている。   In the seawater sprinkled from the upper part of the waste 100, soluble organic substances, salts, heavy metals, etc. contained in the waste 100 are eluted as harmful components. If this elution process is continued for a long time, the toxic components are hardly eluted and the waste 100 is stabilized.

有害成分を完全に溶出するには、従来、数年かかっていたが、本発明の場合には海水による散水であるので、豊富な海水を定量的に散水することができる。散水量は定量的に供給することが安定化の時間を短縮する上で好ましい。更に常に新鮮な海水を供給することができるので、廃棄物１００中の安定化に寄与する微生物へのミネラル供給ができること、及び海水は循環使用しないので、塩分の蓄積も防止できる。   Conventionally, it took several years to completely elute harmful components, but in the case of the present invention, since it is sprinkling with seawater, abundant seawater can be sprinkled quantitatively. It is preferable to supply the amount of water spray quantitatively in order to shorten the stabilization time. Furthermore, since fresh seawater can always be supplied, it is possible to supply minerals to microorganisms that contribute to stabilization in the waste 100, and since seawater is not circulated, accumulation of salt can be prevented.

このような散水処理は、廃棄物１００がケーソン容量の２０％程度になったら開始することが好ましい。   Such watering treatment is preferably started when the waste 100 reaches about 20% of the caisson capacity.

安定化処理設備６における透孔部材６５の上方のケーソン２内部は、仕切り壁６７によって仕切られており、空間部６４内に溜まった浸出水（汚水）を取り出すための取水管６８が配設され、ケーソン２の外部に延びている。ケーソン２内の汚水は、この取水管６８を介して排出ポンプ６９によってケーソン２外に取り出され、バージ４上の水処理施設５に送られて浄化処理される。水処理施設５に送られる汚水は、常時又は定期的に、水質を検査することが好ましい。   The interior of the caisson 2 above the through-hole member 65 in the stabilization processing facility 6 is partitioned by a partition wall 67, and a water intake pipe 68 for taking out leachate (sewage) accumulated in the space 64 is disposed. , Extending outside the caisson 2. The sewage in the caisson 2 is taken out of the caisson 2 by the discharge pump 69 through the intake pipe 68 and sent to the water treatment facility 5 on the barge 4 to be purified. The sewage sent to the water treatment facility 5 is preferably inspected for water quality at all times or regularly.

水処理施設５の構成は特に限定されないが、一般に、前処理、生物処理、高度処理、消毒処理の各プロセスを経て、環境基準に適合する程度まで汚水を浄化処理する。浄化処理後は埋立区域１外に排水する。   The configuration of the water treatment facility 5 is not particularly limited, but generally, sewage is purified to a degree that meets environmental standards through pretreatment, biological treatment, advanced treatment, and disinfection. After the purification process, the wastewater is drained outside the landfill area 1.

前処理手段としては、浸出水中の油分、夾雑物、泥土などを処理する手段が採用され、例えば油分は凝集剤による分離、油水分離機による分離などの方法を採用できる。夾雑物、泥土などは、固液分離手段によって分離するが、塩化鉄、硫酸アルミなどの無機系凝集剤によって凝集分離処理すると更に効果的である。   As the pretreatment means, means for treating oil, contaminants, mud, etc. in the leachate is adopted. For example, the oil can be separated by a flocculant or by an oil / water separator. Contaminants, mud and the like are separated by solid-liquid separation means, but it is more effective to perform a flocculation separation treatment with an inorganic flocculant such as iron chloride or aluminum sulfate.

また前処理手段には、浸出水に含まれる重金属などの有害成分を処理するための処理設備を備えている。重金属の処理には、凝集沈殿処理などを採用できる。   In addition, the pretreatment means includes a treatment facility for treating harmful components such as heavy metals contained in the leachate. For the treatment of heavy metals, a coagulation sedimentation treatment or the like can be adopted.

生物処理手段としては、通常の活性汚泥処理設備、硝化脱窒処理設備などを採用できる。本発明では、かかる生物処理設備をバージに搭載させて現場に持ち込む手法を採用することが好ましく、その場合には、生物処理に必要な微生物を現場搬送前に馴養しておくことができるので、安定化処理によって浸出水が排出されても直ぐに対応できる。従って、廃棄物の安定化処理を妨げることがない効果を発揮する。   As the biological treatment means, normal activated sludge treatment equipment, nitrification denitrification treatment equipment, etc. can be adopted. In the present invention, it is preferable to adopt a technique for carrying such biological treatment equipment in a barge and bringing it to the site, in which case microorganisms necessary for biological treatment can be acclimatized before being transported on site, Even if leachate is discharged by stabilization treatment, it can be handled immediately. Therefore, the effect which does not disturb the stabilization process of a waste is exhibited.

例えば生物処理設備では、有機物処理の際に、容積負荷が好適でないと処理の安定性を確保できないので、かかる容積負荷を確保する必要があり、また散気用の配管の設置に特別な工夫が必要である。本発明では、処理設備をバージに搭載させて現場に持ち込む手法なので、このような曝気槽構造を搬送前に、設計・製作、試運転が可能であり、実際に機能する処理設備を設置できる。   For example, in a biological treatment facility, the stability of treatment cannot be ensured unless the volume load is suitable for the treatment of organic matter. Therefore, it is necessary to secure such volume load, and there is a special contrivance for the installation of aeration pipes. is necessary. In the present invention, since the processing equipment is mounted on the barge and brought to the site, such an aeration tank structure can be designed, manufactured, and tested before being transported, and processing equipment that actually functions can be installed.

高度処理手段としては、生物処理後の浮遊懸濁物質（ＳＳ）を凝集沈殿処理したり、活性炭処理したりする手法を採用できる。膜処理等も好適に採用できる。   As the advanced treatment means, a technique of subjecting the suspended suspended matter (SS) after biological treatment to coagulation sedimentation treatment or activated carbon treatment can be employed. A film treatment or the like can also be suitably employed.

ところで、ケーソン２内の廃棄物１００に雨水のような一時的に大量の水を散水することは、安定化時間を短縮する上で好ましくない。従って、廃棄物１００が受け入れられたケーソン２の上方には、図４に示すように、移動可能な屋根状の覆い７を設け、外部環境とケーソン２の内部とを遮断することが好ましい。散水処理を行っているケーソン２を被覆し、安定化時間の短縮を図るためである。   By the way, it is not preferable to temporarily spray a large amount of water such as rainwater on the waste 100 in the caisson 2 in order to shorten the stabilization time. Therefore, it is preferable to provide a movable roof-like cover 7 above the caisson 2 where the waste 100 is received, as shown in FIG. The reason is to cover the caisson 2 performing the watering treatment and shorten the stabilization time.

覆い７は、例えばケーソン２の上面に敷設された２本のレール８、８上に載置することによって、矢印で示す方向に沿って移動可能に構成することができる。更に、覆い７は、その移動方向に沿って伸縮可能に構成し、廃棄物１００の投入作業時等には折り畳んで収納し、雨天時等に必要に応じて伸張して使用すると、覆い７の設置スペースを縮小することができるために好ましい。   The cover 7 can be configured to be movable along a direction indicated by an arrow by placing the cover 7 on two rails 8 and 8 laid on the upper surface of the caisson 2, for example. Further, the cover 7 is configured to be stretchable along its moving direction, folded and stored when the waste 100 is thrown in, etc., and extended when necessary in the rain or the like. This is preferable because the installation space can be reduced.

ケーソン２内で安定化された廃棄物は、ケーソン２内から取り出され、逐次、埋立区域１内に移送されて埋め立てられる。処理後の廃棄物の取り出し及び移送に用いる手段は特に限定されず、図示しないバケットコンベア等を用いることができる。   The waste stabilized in the caisson 2 is taken out from the caisson 2 and sequentially transferred into the landfill area 1 for landfill. The means used for taking out and transferring the waste after the treatment is not particularly limited, and a bucket conveyor or the like (not shown) can be used.

埋立区域１内には、安定化処理の必要のない安定型廃棄物を埋め立てることもできる。埋立区域１内の埋め立てが所定量に達し、廃棄物の受け入れが終了したら、安定化処理設備６を解体し、ケーソン２の内部にコンクリートを打設する。また、埋立区域１は被覆土によって表面を被覆して埋立終了（閉鎖終了）となる。バージ４は、水処理施設５を解体して除去した後、そのまま埋め立ててしまうこともできる。   In the landfill area 1, stable waste that does not require stabilization treatment can be landfilled. When the landfill in the landfill area 1 reaches a predetermined amount and the acceptance of the waste is completed, the stabilization treatment facility 6 is dismantled and concrete is placed inside the caisson 2. Further, the landfill area 1 is covered with the covering soil and the landfill is completed (closed). The barge 4 can be landfilled as it is after the water treatment facility 5 is dismantled and removed.

本発明によると、ケーソン２内で廃棄物を安定化処理するので、従来のような護岸壁を必要とせずに、低コストで廃棄物を処分できる。しかも、廃棄物の安定化処理により発生する浸出水を浄化処理するための水処理施設５は、予めバージ４上に搭載しておいて埋立区域１まで曳航すればよいため、施設を設置するためのスペースを確保する必要もなく、施設設置に掛かる工期と費用を大幅に削減でき、埋め立ての早期実施が可能となる。   According to the present invention, since the waste is stabilized in the caisson 2, it is possible to dispose of the waste at a low cost without requiring a conventional revetment wall. In addition, the water treatment facility 5 for purifying leachate generated by the waste stabilization process may be installed in advance on the barge 4 and towed to the landfill area 1, so that the facility is installed. It is not necessary to secure sufficient space, and the construction period and cost for installing the facilities can be greatly reduced, and land reclamation can be carried out at an early stage.

また、埋立区域１内に少なくとも一つのケーソン２と水処理施設５を搭載したバージ４を設置した時点から、廃棄物の受け入れが可能であり、処理開始までの期間が短い効果がある。   In addition, it is possible to accept waste from the time when the barge 4 equipped with at least one caisson 2 and the water treatment facility 5 is installed in the landfill area 1, and there is an effect that the period until the start of treatment is short.

更に、海岸には海水が豊富にあるので、安定化のための散水に用いる水は豊富にあり、安定化のためにふんだんに水を使うことができ、安定化するまでの期間を短縮できる効果がある。   In addition, since the coast has abundant seawater, there is abundant water used for watering for stabilization, so that water can be used abundantly for stabilization, and the time to stabilization can be shortened. is there.

本発明に係る廃棄物の埋立方法の一態様を示す平面図The top view which shows the one aspect | mode of the landfill method of the waste which concerns on this invention （Ａ）〜（Ｅ）はケーソン及び水処理施設を設置する様子を説明する説明図(A)-(E) is explanatory drawing explaining a mode that a caisson and a water treatment facility are installed. 廃棄物の安定化処理を行う様子を示す模式図Schematic diagram showing how to stabilize waste 移動式の覆いを示す斜視図Perspective view showing mobile cover 従来例を示す平面図Plan view showing a conventional example 図５のＶＩ−ＶＩ線に沿う要部断面図FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part taken along line VI-VI in FIG. 従来例を示す要部断面図Cross-sectional view of the main part showing a conventional example

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１：埋立区域
１ａ：基礎地盤
１ｂ：土石
１ｃ：基礎地盤
２、２１〜２６：ケーソン
３：土砂
４、４１、４２：バージ
５、５１、５２：水処理施設
６：安定化処理設備
６１：海水ポンプ
６２：配管
６３：散水部
６４：空間部
６５：透孔部材
６６：不織布
６７：仕切り板
６８：取水管
６９：排出ポンプ
７：覆い
８：レール
２００：護岸
２００ａ：基礎捨て石
２０１：防砂シート
２０２：腰付け土
２０３：遮水シート
２０４：中間保護層
２０５：遮水シート
２０６：上部被覆層
２０７：洗堀防止シート
Ｉ：管理型廃棄物（１回目投入）
ＩＩ：管理型廃棄物（２回目投入）
ＩＩＩ：管理型廃棄物（３回目投入） 1: Landfill area 1a: foundation ground 1b: earth and stone 1c: foundation ground 2, 21-26: caisson 3: earth and sand 4, 41, 42: barge 5, 51, 52: water treatment facility 6: stabilization treatment facility 61: seawater Pump 62: Piping 63: Sprinkling part 64: Space part 65: Perforated member 66: Non-woven fabric 67: Partition plate 68: Intake pipe 69: Discharge pump 7: Cover 8: Rail 200: Revetment 200a: Foundation waste stone 201: Sand protection sheet 202 : Seated soil 203: Water shielding sheet 204: Intermediate protective layer 205: Water shielding sheet 206: Upper coating layer 207: Scouring prevention sheet I: Management-type waste (first time input)
II: Managed waste (second time input)
III: Managed waste (third time input)

Claims (4)

海岸に産業廃棄物又は一般廃棄物を埋め立てる廃棄物の埋立方法において、
海岸の埋立区域を、少なくとも一部にケーソンを使用した護岸壁によって区画すると共に、該埋立区域内に、水処理施設を搭載したバージを曳航して着底させ、
前記ケーソン内に有害な溶出成分を排出する廃棄物を受け入れ、該ケーソン内で海水による散水処理を行って前記廃棄物を安定化処理し、
前記安定化処理により発生する有機物や有害な溶出成分を含む浸出水を、前記水処理施設のみで浄化処理し、
前記安定化処理された廃棄物を該ケーソンから取り出して前記埋立区域内に移送して埋め立てることを特徴とする廃棄物の埋立方法。 In the landfill method of waste that landfills industrial waste or general waste on the coast,
The landfill area of the coast is partitioned by a revetment wall using caisson at least in part, and a barge equipped with a water treatment facility is towed and settled in the landfill area,
Accept waste that discharges harmful elution components in the caisson, stabilize the waste by performing sprinkling treatment with seawater in the caisson,
Purify leachate containing organic matter and harmful elution components generated by the stabilization treatment only at the water treatment facility,
A waste landfill method, wherein the stabilized waste is taken out from the caisson and transferred into the landfill area for landfill. 前記廃棄物を受け入れるケーソンの上方に、移動可能な屋根状の覆いを設け、外部環境とケーソン内部とを遮断することを特徴とする請求項１記載の廃棄物の埋立方法。   The waste landfill method according to claim 1, wherein a movable roof-like cover is provided above the caisson that receives the waste to block the external environment from the caisson. 海岸の埋立区域を、少なくとも一部にケーソンを使用した護岸壁によって区画すると共に、該埋立区域内に、水処理施設を搭載したバージを曳航して着底させ、
前記ケーソン内に有害な溶出成分を排出する廃棄物を受け入れ、該ケーソン内で海水による散水処理を行って前記廃棄物を安定化処理し、
前記安定化処理により発生する有機物や有害な溶出成分を含む浸出水を、前記水処理施設のみで浄化処理することを特徴とする浸出水の処理方法。 The landfill area of the coast is partitioned by a revetment wall using caisson at least in part, and a barge equipped with a water treatment facility is towed and settled in the landfill area,
Accept waste that discharges harmful elution components in the caisson, stabilize the waste by performing sprinkling treatment with seawater in the caisson,
A method for treating leachate, comprising purifying leachate containing organic matter and harmful elution components generated by the stabilization treatment only at the water treatment facility. 前記水処理施設が、浸出水中の有機物や窒素分を処理する生物処理設備と、浸出水中の有害な溶出成分を凝集沈殿処理する凝集沈殿処理設備を少なくとも有することを特徴とする請求項３記載の浸出水の処理方法。   The said water treatment plant | facility has at least the biological treatment equipment which processes the organic matter and nitrogen content in leachate, and the coagulation sedimentation treatment equipment which coagulates and precipitates the harmful elution component in leachate. Treatment method of leachate.
JP2007288108A 2007-11-06 2007-11-06 Waste landfill method and leachate treatment method Expired - Fee Related JP4744499B2 (en)

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