JP4742148B2 - 粉末状形成材料から三次元物体を層方向に製造するための装置および方法 - Google Patents
粉末状形成材料から三次元物体を層方向に製造するための装置および方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4742148B2 JP4742148B2 JP2008537123A JP2008537123A JP4742148B2 JP 4742148 B2 JP4742148 B2 JP 4742148B2 JP 2008537123 A JP2008537123 A JP 2008537123A JP 2008537123 A JP2008537123 A JP 2008537123A JP 4742148 B2 JP4742148 B2 JP 4742148B2
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
- B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
- B29C64/214—Doctor blades
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
Description
Claims (22)
- 粉末状の形成材料の層を、三次元物体の断面に対応するそれぞれの層の位置で、レーザまたは他のエネルギー源の作用により順次固化させることにより三次元物体を製造するための装置であって、
その上に前記物体が形成される支持体(2)と、
前記支持体または先に固化された層の上に粉末材料の層を塗布するための塗布装置であって、少なくとも1つの塗布方向(B)へ前記支持体または先に固化された層を横切って移動可能な塗布装置(5)と、
前記物体に対応するそれぞれの層の位置で粉末材料を固化させる固化装置(6)とを含み、
前記塗布装置(5)が、塗布方向に向かって上昇する塗布面(60c,61c)を有するブレード(60,61)を備え、前記塗布面が前記支持体(2)に対向するブレード底面側に設けられて、0度より大きく約5度より小さい角度で、該塗布装置の移動方向(B)に向かって上昇していることを特徴とする装置。 - 前記角度は約2度であることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の装置。
- 前記ブレードの前記移動方向における厚みが約1mmと約20mmとの間にあることを特徴とする、請求項1または2記載の装置。
- 前記塗布面の高さが約0.03mmより高く約0.5mmより低いことを特徴とする、請求項1から3の一つに記載の装置。
- 前記塗布装置(5)が、互いに距離を置いて配置され、かつ当該塗布装置の移動方向(B)に対して垂直な平面に関して鏡面対称に形成されている2つのブレードを備えることを特徴とする、請求項1から4の一つに記載の装置。
- 前記各ブレードが対称に形成されており、かつ2つの塗布面を有していることを特徴とする、請求項1から5の一つに記載の装置。
- 粉末状の形成材料の層を、三次元物体の断面に対応するそれぞれの層の位置で、レーザ又は他のエネルギー源の作用により順次固化させることにより三次元物体を製造する方法において、2.1ηrelより大きい溶液粘度を有する粉末が使用され、
層を塗布する間に、前記粉末が、塗布方向に向かって上昇する塗布面(60c、61c)を備えるブレード(60,61)によって機械的に固められ、前記塗布面はブレードの底面側に設けられ、かつ0度より大きく約5度より小さい角度でブレードの移動方向(B)に向かって上昇していることを特徴とする方法。 - 粉末状の形成材料の層を、三次元物体の断面に対応するそれぞれの層の位置で、レーザ又は他等のエネルギー源の作用により順次固化させることにより三次元物体を製造する方法において、
2.1ηrelより大きいPA2200の溶液粘度に相当する溶融粘度を有する粉末が使用され、
層を塗布する間に、前記粉末が、塗布方向に向かって上昇する塗布面(60c、61c)を備えるブレード(60,61)によって機械的に固められ、前記塗布面はブレードの底面側に設けられ、かつ0度より大きく約5度より小さい角度でブレードの移動方向(B)に向かって上昇していることを特徴とする方法。 - 固められることにより、0.38g/cm3より大きい粉末床密度が生成されることを特徴とする請求項7または8記載の方法。
- 0.4g/cm3より大きい粉末床密度が生成されることを特徴とする、請求項7から9の一つに記載の方法。
- 粉末床密度が0.41g/cm 3 より大きい請求項10に記載の方法。
- 粉末床密度が0.42g/cm 3 より大きい請求項10に記載の方法。
- 溶液粘度が約2.1ηrelより大きいことを特徴とする、請求項7から12の一つに記載の方法。
- 溶液粘度が約2.3ηrelより大きいことを特徴とする、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 溶液粘度が約2.6ηrelより大きいことを特徴とする、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 粉末状形成材料として、先に形成された1つまたはいくつかの物体の製造において未固化粉末として残留した古い粉末と、以前にいずれの製造工程においても使用されたことのない新しい粉末とを含む材料が使用されることを特徴とする、請求項7から15の一つに記載の方法。
- 粉末状の形成材料の層を、三次元物体の断面に対応するそれぞれの層の位置で、レーザ又は他のエネルギー源の作用により順次固化させることにより三次元物体を製造する方法であって、
粉末状形成材料として、先に形成された1つまたはいくつかの物体の製造において未固化粉末として残留した古い粉末と、以前にいずれの製造工程においても使用されたことのない新しい粉末とを含む材料が使用される方法において、
層を塗布する間に前記粉末状形成材料が機械的に固められ、新しい粉末の比率が形成構築プロセスに使用する粉末の全量の50%より小さく、前記粉末状形成材料は、塗布方向に向かって上昇する塗布面(60c、61c)を備えるブレード(60,61)によって機械的に固められ、前記塗布面はブレードの底面側に設けられ、かつ0度より大きく約5度より小さい角度でブレードの移動方向(B)に向かって上昇していることを特徴とする方法。 - プラスチック粉末が材料として使用されることを特徴とする、請求項7から17の一つに記載の方法。
- 前記材料がポリアミド粉末を含むことを特徴とする請求項18記載の方法。
- 前記材料がポリアミド12を含むことを特徴とする請求項19記載の方法。
- 請求項1から6の一つに記載の装置を用いて行われることを特徴とする、請求項7から20の一つに記載の方法。
- 該方法によって製造される物体が、窪み状態を持たないことを特徴とする、請求項7から21の一つに記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102006023484.7 | 2006-05-18 | ||
DE102006023484A DE102006023484A1 (de) | 2006-05-18 | 2006-05-18 | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum schichtweisen Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objekts aus einem pulverförmigen Aufbaumaterial |
PCT/EP2007/003641 WO2007134688A1 (de) | 2006-05-18 | 2007-04-25 | Vorrichtung und verfahren zum schichtweisen herstellen eines dreidimensionalen objekts aus einem pulverförmigen aufbaumaterial |
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JP2009512579A JP2009512579A (ja) | 2009-03-26 |
JP4742148B2 true JP4742148B2 (ja) | 2011-08-10 |
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US (3) | US20090045553A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2026952B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4742148B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101351325B (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI0702904A2 (ja) |
DE (2) | DE102006023484A1 (ja) |
HK (1) | HK1124284A1 (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2370367C1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007134688A1 (ja) |
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CN101351325A (zh) | 2009-01-21 |
US8658078B2 (en) | 2014-02-25 |
CN101351325B (zh) | 2012-06-13 |
US20140127339A1 (en) | 2014-05-08 |
EP2026952B1 (de) | 2010-09-29 |
US8967990B2 (en) | 2015-03-03 |
HK1124284A1 (en) | 2009-07-10 |
EP2026952B2 (de) | 2015-09-23 |
RU2370367C1 (ru) | 2009-10-20 |
WO2007134688A1 (de) | 2007-11-29 |
DE502007005213D1 (de) | 2010-11-11 |
US20110133367A1 (en) | 2011-06-09 |
RU2008106928A (ru) | 2009-08-27 |
DE102006023484A1 (de) | 2007-11-22 |
EP2026952A1 (de) | 2009-02-25 |
BRPI0702904A2 (pt) | 2011-03-15 |
JP2009512579A (ja) | 2009-03-26 |
US20090045553A1 (en) | 2009-02-19 |
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