JP4740382B2 - Windmill - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a windmill serving as a power source such as wind power generation, and more particularly to a windmill capable of ensuring stable power even in strong winds.

  Conventionally, various wind turbines have been developed for wind turbine generators. Conventionally known wind turbines for wind power generation include a horizontal axis type and a vertical axis type depending on the setting of the rotation axis.

  Also, by the generation form of the rotational force, among the forces acting on the blades placed in the wind flow, the lift type that uses the force acting in the direction perpendicular to the wind flow, and the force acting in the direction parallel to the wind flow There is a drag type that uses power.

  At present, most of the wind turbines that are widely used are horizontal axis type and lift type propeller type. Although this windmill has a large structure, the generated torque is small, and wind direction control is required.

  In Japan, the wind conditions are significantly different from those of overseas, and the wind direction changes significantly throughout the year. The wind direction is 360 degrees, and a wind turbine with a structure that supports all directions is required.

  Further, since this propeller type has a power transmission device, a generator, and the like above the support, vibration is likely to occur and the noise is large. In addition, there are problems such as difficulty in maintaining them.

  Next, since the vertical axis type and the lift type Darrieus type cannot be self-started, they need auxiliary means, are difficult to control against fluctuations in wind speed, have a lot of vibration, and generate less torque. Such problems have been pointed out.

  Also, the vertical and drag type Savonius type, which is partly used as a compact type, is difficult to control against fluctuations in wind speed and is low in efficiency even though the wind pressure area is large. There are problems such as being heavy and not very economical.

  For example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-248935, out of the forces acting on the main blade and the sub blade in the wind flow, the lift force in the direction perpendicular to the flow and the wind receiving in the flow In order to be able to use the drag force that works in parallel, the rotor blades combined with the wind receiving, the main blade, and the sub blade are combined with the vertical rotating shaft of the windmill by the blade support shaft. Wind turbines for wind power generation are disclosed.

  In Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-68152, as a wind power generator that generates a rotational motion regardless of the wind direction, a spiral rotary blade is attached to a vertical rotary shaft, and this is held in a bearing using a bearing or the like. A wind power prime mover mounted on a mold support frame is disclosed.

JP 2005-248935 A JP-A-9-68152

  The wind turbines currently used for wind power generation are mainly made in Europe. However, since wind conditions differ greatly between Europe and Japan, various problems will arise if introduced as they are.

  In particular, in Japan, the wind direction changes greatly throughout the year, and the wind direction is reversed depending on the season. In Europe, there is no significant change in wind direction throughout the year.

  The European-made propeller type windmill is not assumed when the wind direction changes greatly, and has a structure that cannot support 360 degrees in all directions.

  In the above Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-248935, although it corresponds to all directions regardless of the wind direction, there is another problem of stable rotation in strong winds such as typhoons, which is a feature of Japanese wind.

  With this type of windmill, not only typhoons but wind speeds of about 15m are considered the limit. In Japan, wind turbines are currently stopped during typhoons, but there is a need for wind turbines that can be used during typhoons and obtain stable rotational force.

  The subject of this invention is made | formed in view of the above problems, and is providing the windmill which can be rotated irrespective of a wind direction, and can implement | achieve stable rotation also at the time of strong winds, such as a typhoon.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a windmill in which rotating blades are provided spirally around a support shaft in the vertical direction.

  The spiral rotary blade is attached to a vertical support shaft and can receive wind from all directions.

  The spiral rotating blade may be, for example, a screw-shaped rotating blade, and it is preferable that the helical pitch be narrowed to easily receive lift and drag.

  Further, the material of the rotary blade may be arbitrary, may be a rigid metal or the like, or may be a resin material having an appropriate elasticity.

  Moreover, you may attach a small wind receiving plate etc. to the back surface of a spiral surface so that it may receive a drag easily. Further, a current plate may be provided.

  The present invention is a windmill characterized by a spiral shape as the shape of the rotating blades, but a curved shape that gradually drops like an umbrella toward the outer peripheral side.

  By adopting a shape that hangs down in a curved shape, the portions that receive the wind are the upper end portion and the side surface portion of the spiral shape, and these portions are the entrance of the wind. Then, when the wind sequentially flows downward inside the spiral shape, upward lift is generated and the blades are rotated.

  Even in the spiral shape, the lift is greatly different between the case where the spiral surface is flat and the case where it is a curved surface.

  In the case of a curved surface, when the wind flows downward on the inner surface side, it becomes difficult for the wind to escape to the outside, and by increasing the number of turns of the spiral, the lift can be effectively rotated. However, in the case of a flat surface, the wind immediately escapes to the outside regardless of the number of turns, and lift cannot be expected. A plurality of spiral blades may be provided.

  The present invention provides a wind turbine characterized in that the radius of curvature of the curved rotating blade is 100 to 500% with respect to the length from the support shaft to the tip of the rotating blade in the direction perpendicular to the support shaft. Is.

If the curved surface of the rotating blade has a small curvature, it cannot receive sufficient wind, and lift and drag cannot be expected. On the other hand, if it is too large, the resistance will be too great to obtain a smooth rotational force.
Preferably, it is 100 to 200%, more preferably 100 to 120% with respect to the radius of the rotary blade (the length from the support shaft to the tip of the rotary blade in the direction perpendicular to the support shaft).

When a spiral blade is provided on such a support shaft, when wind blows from one side, the wind blows to the side of the spiral surface where the entrance end face is located, with the support shaft as the center, and lift is generated to rotate. However, on the side where there is no entrance end face with the support shaft as the center, wind hits the outer surface of the spiral blade and a force to rotate in the reverse direction will work, but since it is curved, the resistance is very high The force that becomes smaller and reversely rotates hardly works.

  In the case of a simple spiral blade, the wind is directly received by the blade, and the wind is received symmetrically about the support shaft, and the rotation is not smooth. It is necessary to take measures such as providing means and installing wind shields on either side.

  The present invention is a windmill characterized in that the start end and the end end of the spiral surface of the rotary blade are in the same direction from the support shaft.

  It is preferable that the start end portion serving as the wind intake port of the spiral blade and the end portion serving as the final wind exit be provided in the same direction from the support shaft. That is, it is on the same straight line from the support shaft.

  For example, if the starting end is the upper part of the rotating blade, the terminal end is the lower part of the rotating blade, but if the directions from the central axis of the starting end and the terminal end do not match, the entire rotating blade Since the balance between the weight and the resistance is lost, there arises a problem that the rotation is not smooth.

  The present invention is a wind turbine characterized in that a plurality of the rotating blades are combined.

Any combination of a plurality of blade components is possible as long as a spiral blade having a curved surface can be formed.
One part of the spiral may be used as one part, or one part may be constituted by a plurality of parts.

For example, the support shaft may be a combination of a plurality of fan-shaped blades having curved surfaces and attached to form a spiral blade.

  In the present invention, the rotary blade is provided with a curved cover-type auxiliary wing for collecting the wind and taking in the air on either the front surface or the back surface, or both surfaces. The wind turbine is characterized in that it is provided with an opening for allowing the wind that has flowed into the air to flow out to the opposite surface side of the rotary blade.

  The auxiliary wing has a cover-type shape curved in a crescent or half-moon shape. Wind blows between the rotary blade and the auxiliary wing, and rotates through the opening provided in the rotary blade at the back. Smoothly flows out to the opposite side of the blade.

  The rotational force of the rotating blades is reduced by the drag when blown into the auxiliary blades at this time and the drag when passing through the opening provided in the rotating blades because the back side of the auxiliary blades is narrowed and the pressure is increased. It can be raised.

  The auxiliary wing may be either the front surface or the back surface of the rotating blade. However, if the auxiliary wings are provided symmetrically on both surfaces and the opening can be used in common, it is efficient, the drag is effectively increased, and the rotating force is further increased. Up.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the number of attachment of the auxiliary wings is an odd number such as 3 or 5 with the same mounting interval. If it is attached to even places such as two or four places, depending on the direction of the wind, the drag force against the wind may become equal to the left and right, which is not preferable because rotation is suppressed.

The present invention has the following effects.
1) It can be rotated by receiving wind from all directions.

2) Since the wind impinges on the spiral blades from the lateral direction, even if it is a strong wind, it rotates while escaping the wind in a timely manner, so a stable rotational motion can be obtained even in a strong wind such as a typhoon.

3) Since the spiral surface is curved, the portion that receives the wind and the portion that allows the wind to escape are formed in a well-balanced manner, so that lift and drag can be obtained effectively and stable rotation can be obtained.

4) By making the start end portion and the end end portion of the rotary vane in the same direction, the entire balance is maintained and the rotation blade can be smoothly rotated.

5) By forming the spiral shape with a plurality of parts, it is easy to manufacture and a plurality of stages of rotating blades with an increased number of spiral turns can be realized.

6) Since the blades are relatively small and can be mounted on a truck or the like as a power generator, it can be used as an emergency generator in the event of a disaster.

7) The rotational force can be increased by attaching a cover type auxiliary wing.

It is the schematic which shows the Example of the windmill by the spiral blade | wing which has a curved surface by this invention. It is a bottom view of the windmill by the spiral blade | wing which has a curved surface by this invention. It is a figure which shows the flow of the wind in the state which received the wind in the iron wire frame part of the spiral blade by this invention. 4 is a photograph showing an example of a spiral blade having a curved surface according to a combination configuration according to the present invention. It is a photograph which shows the Example of the windmill by the spiral blade provided with the auxiliary blade by this invention. It is the plane photograph seen from the upper part of the spiral blade | wing provided with the auxiliary blade by this invention. It is the bottom photograph seen from the lower part of the spiral blade provided with the auxiliary wing by the present invention. It is the side photograph seen from the A and B direction of the windmill by the spiral blade | wing provided with the auxiliary blade by this invention. It is the side photograph seen from the C and D direction of the windmill by the spiral blade | wing provided with the auxiliary blade by this invention. It is the side photograph seen from the E and F direction of the windmill by the spiral blade | wing provided with the auxiliary blade by this invention. It is the side view seen from the G and H directions of the windmill by the spiral blade provided with the auxiliary wing by the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the auxiliary wing | blade part of the spiral blade | wing provided with the auxiliary wing | blade by this invention. It is a table | surface which shows the windmill characteristic test result of the spiral blade | wing which has a curved surface by this invention.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a wind turbine with spiral blades having a curved surface according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic view seen from the bottom, and shows the iron wire frame 6.

  This embodiment effectively utilizes both the drag, which is the force acting in the direction parallel to the wind flow, and the lift, which is the force acting in the direction perpendicular to the wind flow, and is stable even in strong winds such as typhoons. This is an anti-lift type hybrid wind turbine that can exert its rotational force.

The anti-lift type hybrid wind turbine of the present embodiment is obtained by forming a spiral blade 1 with a glass fiber resin using a support shaft 2 with an iron wire 6 as a frame.

The rotating blade 1 of the anti-lift type hybrid wind turbine according to this embodiment rotates counterclockwise with respect to the support shaft 2.

  Reference numeral 3 denotes a start end which is an upper end face of the spiral blade 1, and reference numeral 4 denotes a terminal end which is a lower end face of the rotary blade 1.

  Here, the wind blows from the starting end 3 and flows to the lower surface of the rotary blade 1. At this time, lift acts, and the rotary blade 1 is pushed upward to rotate counterclockwise.

Further, the wind enters from the gaps 5 at each stage of the spiral blade 1. In this case, the iron wire 6 serving as a frame is arranged radially with the support shaft 2 as the center, as shown in FIG. 2, and the tip side is curved to the right. That is, it is curved in the direction opposite to the rotation direction.

  The iron wire 6 receives the wind that has entered from the exceptional gap 5 and the lower side of the spiral blade 1. That is, it effectively functions as a wind receiving surface and exhibits effective drag.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the flow of wind in a state where the iron wire frame portion of the spiral blade receives wind.

  W indicates the direction of the wind, 6A and 6B indicate the iron wire frame, and A and B indicate the wind flow in the vicinity of the iron wire frame.

As shown in the figure, because the spiral blade 1 is curved, the right side of the wind that strikes the spiral blade 1 with respect to the support shaft 2 is subjected to a large drag force by the iron wire 6A. To increase the rotational force.

  On the other hand, since the left iron wire 6B receives the wind, the drag is small, so that the rotation is not hindered.

Furthermore, since the wind blown to the right with the support shaft 2 as the center flows on the spiral-shaped descending surface, lift acts and reinforces the left rotation.

Since the wind blown to the left side of the support shaft 2 flows on the rising surface of the spiral shape, the lift is small and there is no force to reversely rotate, and it flows to the outside as it is.

  In this example, the rotary blade 1 has two stages. The rotary blade 1 is curved in an umbrella shape on the lower side.

In this way, by being curved to the lower side, it is not a simple spiral shape, so the wind receiving method, lift force and drag force on the right and left sides of the support shaft 2 against the wind from the side. However, it is possible to realize an effective rotational force and to rotate while effectively evacuating the wind to achieve a balanced and stable rotation.

[Experimental Example 1]
An operation test was performed using the rotating blades of this example. The operation test was carried out using a factory electric fan.

The wind turbine of the spiral blade by this invention was installed in the support bearing stand, and it ventilated with the factory fan from the position 2m away. Wind power was moderate.

  The wind turbine started to rotate slowly with the air flow, and the rotational speed increased to about 60 to 100 revolutions per minute.

[Experimental example 2]
An operational test was conducted outdoors during a typhoon.

When the typhoon approached, the windmill of the spiral blade of the present invention was installed on the support bearing stand outdoors.

  As the wind became stronger, the number of revolutions increased. It was about 200 to 300 revolutions per minute.

  Even in the storm zone, the number of rotations was high, but it was confirmed that the rotation was stable.

  FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a wind turbine with spiral blades having a combined curved surface according to the present invention.

In this example, the support shaft 11 is made of a hard resin, and a fixing bracket 12 for attaching the rotary blade unit 10 to the support shaft 11 is provided and five rotary blades 10 are attached.

  When the rotary blades 10 are combined, the outer surface becomes flat, but as shown in the figure, the blades that are curved inwardly protrude.

  By forming the protruding blades, the rotational force is increased by receiving the wind blown from the lower side of the spiral blades.

  FIG. 5 is a photograph showing an example of a windmill with spiral blades provided with auxiliary blades according to the present invention.

  Cover-type auxiliary wings 21 that are curved in a crescent shape are provided on each of the upper and lower surfaces of the outer peripheral portion of the spiral blade 20 every 120 degrees.

  This photo shows a windmill shaft 23 of the present invention fixed on three pipe frames 24 on a box-shaped pedestal 22, and is installed for conducting a wind tunnel experiment.

  FIG. 6 is a plan view of the spiral blade 20 provided with the auxiliary wing 21 according to the present invention as seen from above.

  The inlet portion of the auxiliary wing 21 is provided in a crescent shape so as to cover the spiral rotary blade 20.

  FIG. 7 is a plan view of the spiral blade provided with the auxiliary wing according to the present invention as seen from below.

  The wind that has flowed into the auxiliary blade 21 flows out downward from the opening 25 of the rotary blade shown in the drawing.

  Since the attachment state of the auxiliary wing 21 of the present invention is difficult to understand, FIGS. 8 to 11 show side photographs as seen from the eight directions A to H shown in the plan photograph of FIG.

  In this embodiment, the spiral is wound twice, and the auxiliary wings 21 are provided in six stages up and down in two stages for each 120 degree phase, and the upper and lower auxiliary wings 21 are provided symmetrically, The opening 25 of the rotary blade 20 is provided so that the upper and lower auxiliary blades 21 are common.

  FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the auxiliary wing portion of the spiral blade provided with the auxiliary wing according to the present invention.

  The auxiliary wing portion 21 of the present embodiment has a crescent-shaped cover shape, and is attached symmetrically so as to face both the upper surface and the lower surface of the spiral rotary blade 20. An opening 25 that connects the upper surface and the lower surface is provided in the rotary blade 20 at the back of the blade.

  As a result, the wind flowing in from the inlet portion 21c of the upper auxiliary wing 21a flows in the direction of the arrow inside the auxiliary wing 21a, is compressed as it goes deeper, passes through the opening 25, and flows out from the lower auxiliary wing 21b. To do.

  At this time, the rotational force is enhanced by a large drag force.

  Since the auxiliary wing 21 has a curved cover shape, the wind from the side opposite to the inlet flows without resistance. Moreover, since the attachment position is provided for every 120 degrees phase, the right and left drags of the windmill are not balanced by the direction of the wind, and the wind turbine can rotate smoothly.

  FIG. 13 is a table showing windmill characteristic test results of spiral blades having curved surfaces according to the present invention.

  For the spiral blade windmill having a curved surface according to the present invention, wind tunnel experiments were conducted at wind speeds of 5 m / s to 50 m / s using a wind tunnel experiment apparatus of the University of the Ryukyus as a demonstration test in strong winds such as typhoons.

  The table in FIG. 13 is a list showing the experimental results. Type 2 is a spiral blade windmill (type of FIG. 1) having a curved surface of the present invention, and Type 3 is a spiral blade windmill with auxiliary blades (type of FIG. 5).

  It was confirmed that Type 2 is a windmill capable of generating power without problems even in the case of a typhoon, with a reliable rotation record obtained at a wind speed of 35 m / s and Type 3 at a wind speed of 50 m / s.

  The number of rotations without addition was over 450 rpm, and good results were obtained for both rotational force and torque.

  Any device that uses wind power or hydraulic power as power can be used. Moreover, since a windmill becomes small, it can also be utilized as a mobile power generator in the event of a disaster.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 20 Rotary blade 2, 11, 23 Support shaft 3 Start end part 4 End part 5 Crevice of each step 6 Iron wire (frame)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Rotating blade 12 Fixed bracket 21 Auxiliary wing 22 Base 24 Pipe frame 25

Claims (5)

A windmill characterized in that a rotating blade provided in a spiral shape around a support shaft in a vertical direction has a curved shape that gradually drops in an umbrella shape toward the outer peripheral side . The radius of curvature of the curved surface of the rotary blade is 100 to 500% with respect to the length from the support shaft to the tip of the rotary blade in a direction perpendicular to the support shaft. The described windmill.
The windmill according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the start end and the end end of the spiral surface of the rotary blade are in the same direction from the support shaft. The wind turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein a plurality of the rotary blades are combined. The rotating blade is provided with a curved cover-type auxiliary wing for collecting wind and taking in the air inside either the front surface or the back surface, or both surfaces. The windmill according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising an opening for allowing the air to flow out to the opposite surface side of the rotary blade.