JP2008309132A - Variable blade type wind power conversion mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a variable blade type wind power conversion mechanism having wind turbine blades reducing the wind speed and wind receiving state of a wind turbine by wind power when a strong wind blows. <P>SOLUTION: In the variable blade type wind power conversion mechanism A, a plurality of trifurcate retaining arms 10a, 10b, 10c are provided on upper and lower sides of a rotating shaft 11x rotatably supported in the vertical direction, and a plurality of variable blades 14 for receiving wind are mounted to vertical support shafts 13x rotatably provided in predetermined radial positions of the pair of retaining arms 10a, 10b, respectively. The variable blade 14 has an approximately arcuate cross section in plane view and length in the vertical support shaft direction corresponding to between the upper and lower retaining arms 10a, 10b. A plummet 18 is mounted to ends of arms 17, 17 of a link mechanism connected to the support shaft 13x. An elastic member 13b is mounted between the plummet 18 and the other retaining arm 10c, and due to the elastic force, the variable blade 14 is held in the fully opened state until predetermined wind speed. During rotation at wind speed not lower than the predetermined one, the centrifugal force of the plummet 18 overpowers the elastic force of the elastic member 13b, to close the variable blade 14 in accordance with the magnitude of the wind speed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a variable wing type wind power conversion mechanism that converts wind blowing in all directions from light wind to strong wind into energy such as electric power and rotational force.

  Research on wind turbines that convert wind power into rotational force and use the energy as energy such as electric power has been conducted for a long time. The so-called windmills as a mechanism for extracting energy such as electric power by converting wind power into rotational force are roughly classified into two types, a horizontal axis type and a vertical axis type, and each has advantages and disadvantages. The vertical axis type is installed in a direction perpendicular to the wind blowing direction, and it is not necessary to rotate the windmill parallel to the wind blowing direction like the horizontal axis type, and such a rotation mechanism is not necessary. There is an advantage that the whole mechanism becomes simple.

  As a vertical axis type windmill, a Darrieus type having a high peripheral speed ratio (blade peripheral speed / wind speed) and a Saponius type having a low peripheral speed ratio are known. On the other hand, Darrieus type windmills have a high peripheral speed ratio and high conversion efficiency, while high wind noise and high blade precision are required. The Saponius type has a low wind noise, but since the peripheral speed is low, high conversion efficiency for converting the wind speed into rotational torque cannot be obtained. However, compared to other types of wind turbines, the installation location is not limited, and there is an advantage that it is small and can be easily installed as a wind power generator anywhere.

  As an example of a Saponius type wind power generation mechanism, a “Saponius wind power generation device” of Patent Document 1 is known. In this wind turbine generator, a generator is connected to a vertical shaft in which a plurality of blades are radially fixed, and the plurality of blades are fixed between upper and lower rotating plates fixed to the vertical shaft, and an air vent hole is formed in each blade. In addition, projecting blades are provided on the outer periphery between the upper and lower rotary plates. This power generator pays attention to the advantages of the Saponius type and improves the flow of airflow compressed between multiple blades so as to obtain a large rotational force (rotational speed) so that a large amount of power can be obtained. It is a thing.

  For this reason, airflow compressed between multiple blades facing each other during rotation of each blade is released from the vent holes formed in each blade, reducing the resistance of the air pressure applied to the blade surface and facilitating high-speed rotation In addition, by providing projecting blades on the outer periphery between the upper and lower rotary plates, rotation is performed at a higher speed.

  As another example, a “wind turbine for wind power generation” in Patent Document 2 is known. This windmill is also a vertical axis type, and the end of the blade support shaft that extends in the radial direction of the vertical rotation axis in order to increase the generated torque by utilizing the advantages of the lift type and drag type, and to enable use in a wide range of wind speeds The U-shaped rain gutter-shaped wind-receiving gutter provided on the arc, the arc-shaped main blade extending in the circumferential direction of the windmill rotation from the vicinity of the center of the U-shape, and the U-shaped center line are symmetrical axes The sub-wings are arranged substantially symmetrically with the main blades. In this device, due to the wind force acting on the rotor blades placed in the wind flow, the drag force acting on the wind-receiving ridge in parallel and the force acting on the main blade and the sub blade in the direction perpendicular to the flow. Torque is generated by the working lift.

  By the way, the general conventional Darrieus type and Saponius type windmills, and the windmills of Patent Documents 1 and 2 increase the rotational speed and rotational force of the windmill at a predetermined wind speed, and are in the most efficient state. It is explained on the assumption that it can be driven. However, when the wind actually blows, the direction of the wind always changes and the wind speed always changes. In particular, when the typhoon or low pressure approaches, the wind speed fluctuates greatly, and if the wind turbine blade (wind receiving plate) is left fully open at a strong wind speed of 25 to 35 m / s, the installed wind turbine itself There is a risk of collapse. However, in the conventional windmill, there is an emphasis on improving the operation efficiency at the time of normal operation, and there is no example which examined how to protect the safety of a windmill at the time of the above strong wind.

If the wind turbine blades (wind receiving plates) are installed in a fully open state during strong winds, the wind speed received by the blades and the rotation speed of the wind turbines due to the wind force will increase according to the magnitude of the strong wind. Beyond the strong wind condition, it becomes difficult to hold the windmill itself, and if such a dangerous state is predicted, the windmill cannot be installed, which is a factor that hinders its spread.
JP 2002-317749 A JP 2005-248935 A

  In consideration of the above problems, the present invention improves the operating efficiency during normal operation of the wind turbine, and when the wind turbine blade (wind receiving plate) is fixed in a fully open state during strong winds, Variable wing wind power conversion with wind turbine blades that can be changed to reduce the wind speed received by the blade and the wind receiving state of the wind turbine by the wind force according to the size of the strong wind as the risk of collapse increases. It is an object to provide a mechanism.

  According to the present invention, as means for solving the above-described problems, a plurality of trident holding arms are provided above and below a rotating shaft that is rotatably supported in the vertical direction, and the pair of holding arms can be freely rotated to a predetermined position in the radial direction. A plurality of variable wings that receive wind are attached to each of the vertical support shafts provided. The variable wings have a substantially arc-shaped cross section in plan view and have a length corresponding to the vertical support shaft direction between the upper and lower holding arms. A weight is attached to the end of the arm of the linked link mechanism, and an elastic member is attached between the weight and the other holding arm, and the variable blade is held in the fully open state by the elastic force up to a predetermined wind speed. In the rotation, the variable wing wind power conversion mechanism is configured so that the variable wing can be opened and closed so that the centrifugal force of the weight overcomes the elastic force of the elastic member and the variable wing is closed according to the magnitude of the wind speed.

  The variable wing type wind power conversion mechanism of the present invention configured as described above is provided on vertical support shafts provided at predetermined positions in the radial direction of the holding arms and rotatably with respect to the holding arms at predetermined angular intervals in the circumferential direction. Since a plurality of variable blades that receive wind are attached, the variable blades are set to a fully open state so that the entire device rotates with high efficiency during normal times. In this case, the number of blades of a normal Saponius type windmill is two, but in the variable blade type wind power conversion mechanism of the present invention, a state where more winds are received is generated by using a larger number, for example, three. To produce a highly efficient wind receiving state.

  In this case, rotation stop means for preventing the variable blade from being opened by the elastic member in a state where the blade tip is opened in the substantially radial direction is provided, and this state is set as a fully open state. This is because when the elastic member is set in a contracted state or in a tension state, and the elastic force accumulated thereby biases the variable wing in the direction to open the variable wing, the opening force of the variable wing is set. This is because the variable blade is stopped in a predetermined fully open state. The variable wing is provided with a length corresponding to the space between the upper and lower holding plates in the direction of the vertical support axis in the shape of a substantially circular arc in plan view, and converts the drag and lift acting on the outer surface of the wing to rotational force to increase the rotational speed The rotation of high rotational force is transmitted to the rotating shaft.

  In the variable wing type wind power conversion mechanism having the above-described configuration, when the wind of a predetermined speed or higher starts to blow, the variable wing is operated from the fully open state to the closing direction. This is because the weight is attached to the support shaft via the arm of the link mechanism, and the variable wing is held in the fully open state up to a predetermined wind speed by the elastic force. This is because the variable blades are provided so as to be openable and closable so as to overcome the elastic force and close the variable blades according to the wind speed, and the open state of the variable blades changes according to the wind speed. For example, when the wind speed of 35 m / s or more is blown, the variable blade is prevented from being blown off with the variable blade fully closed, and the risk of the entire variable blade-type wind power conversion mechanism collapsing with a strong wind is prevented.

  The variable wing type wind power conversion mechanism according to the present invention is provided with a holding arm on a rotating shaft that is rotatably supported in a vertical direction, and a vertical arm that is rotatably provided to a plurality of holding arms at predetermined positions in the radial direction of the holding arm. A variable wing that receives wind is attached to the support shaft, a weight is attached to the support shaft, and the variable blade is held open up to a predetermined wind speed by its elastic force. Since the variable wing can be opened and closed so as to overcome the elastic force of the member and close the variable wing according to the wind speed, the variable wing operates in a fully open state in a normal wind of 20 m / s or less, and 25 m / s The variable wing wind power conversion mechanism is operated by rotating the variable wing with centrifugal force to close the variable wing according to the wind speed when the wind is over s, and by fully closing the variable wing when the wind is over 35m / s. The danger of the whole of collapsing Advantageous in that it can be stopped is obtained.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is an external perspective view of the variable wing wind power conversion mechanism of the first embodiment, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the variable wing wind power converter A, and FIG. 3 is a variable wing 14 of the variable wing wind power converter A. The external appearance perspective view of the state which closed completely is shown. As shown in the figure, the variable wing wind power converter A is provided on a base plate 12 supported by a support leg 12L, and a power generator G is provided on the upper part of the variable wing wind power converter A. Has been. This variable wing type wind power converter A has a base plate with upper and lower ends of a vertical shaft 11x provided through three centers of three-pronged holding arms 10 (10a, 10b, 10c) provided vertically at predetermined intervals. 12 and a lower bottom plate 20B of the power generation unit G are rotatably supported by a bearing 12a.

  The variable blades 14 (three in the illustrated example, 14a) are provided at a plurality of positions at predetermined angular positions in the radial direction with respect to the vertical axis 11x between the holding arms 10a and 10b and at predetermined angular intervals in the circumferential direction. , 14b, 14c). As will be described later, the variable blade 14 (14a, 14b, 14c) rotates around the support shaft 13x from the fully opened state shown in FIG. 3 for winds of a predetermined wind speed or higher. In addition, since the plurality of variable wings are configured to be closed in a cylindrical shape as a whole and the open / close angle can be set in a variable state, they are called variable wings.

  The base base plate 12 is fixedly attached to an intermediate position of the support leg 12L, and the power generation unit G installed above the variable wing wind power converter A has its lower bottom plate 20B positioned above the support leg 12L. The generator is installed on the lower bottom plate 20B, and the upper portion thereof is covered with a hemispherical lid plate 20 or a radome. The input shaft 19 of the generator is connected to an extension shaft 11xe, which is an upper portion of the vertical shaft 11x of the variable wing wind power converter A, by a shaft coupling (not shown). In the illustrated state, the material of the lowermost holding arm 10c has the same plate thickness as the other holding arms 10a and 10b. However, in actuality, the thickness is made thicker than that shown in the figure to increase the weight. , Shall be able to act as a flywheel.

  The variable wing 14 is fixed to the support shaft 13x vertically attached to the predetermined distance position in the radial direction between the holding arms 10a and 10b, and rotates together with the rotation of the support shaft 13x. The support shaft 13x is rotatably supported and attached to the holding arms 10a, 10b, and 10c by a bearing 13a. The variable blade 14 has a substantially semicircular arc shape in plan view, and brackets 14s are arranged in a plurality of stages (three stages in the illustrated example) in the length direction of the blade member extending in a semicylindrical shape in the vertical direction. It is provided and formed.

  The support shaft 13x has a pair of arms 17 and 17 rotatably attached to a lower shaft portion and an auxiliary support shaft 13x 'provided at a position closer to the vertical shaft 11x than the support shaft 13x. A weight 18 is attached to the tips of 17 and 17 to constitute a kind of link mechanism. An elastic member 13b using a coil spring is attached to one end of the weight 18 near the vertical axis 11x. The other end of the coil spring is fixed to an appropriate position (not shown) of the holding arm 10c. The elastic member 13b normally sets the weight 18 in a direction substantially parallel to the holding arm 10c in a state where the variable blade 14 is opened most radially.

  The coil spring of the elastic member 13b is attached in a contracted state from the natural length state with an elastic force sufficient to set the variable blade 14 shown in FIG. 2 to the most open position. The weight 18 is swung in the centrifugal direction together with the pair of arms 17 and 17 by the centrifugal force generated by rotating the entire converter A counterclockwise, and variable by the rotation of the support shaft 13x to which one arm 17 is attached. A force in the direction of closing the wing 14 is acting. However, as long as the centrifugal force is smaller than the predetermined elastic force set by the elastic member 13b, the variable blade 14 is not closed and is held in the most open state.

  In addition, the pin 15b provided on the support shaft 13x abuts the convex member 15a provided on the lower holding plate 10b at the illustrated position so that the variable blade 14 rotates counterclockwise around the support shaft 13x. Rotation stop means 15 for preventing the rotation is provided, and the variable blade 14 is held in the most open position by this means. In the illustrated example, it is assumed that the rotation direction of the variable wing 14 is set so that the entire variable wing wind power converter A rotates counterclockwise. However, the support shaft 13x may be a solid shaft, and the coil spring of the elastic member 13b may be wound around the outer periphery thereof. Moreover, the elastic member 13b shall set the elastic coefficient k to a predetermined state by setting appropriately the wire diameter and material of the coil spring.

  When the elastic coefficient k is set to a predetermined state, when the wind speed is rotated at a high speed, for example, at a wind speed exceeding 25 m / s, the centrifugal force that increases according to the rate of increase in the rotational speed due to the wind speed is a coil spring of the elastic member 13b When the weight 18 and the arm 17 are swung outward by overcoming the elasticity of the blade, the variable blade 14 begins to rotate in the closing direction, and when the wind speed is 30 m / s, the variable blade 14 is closed 80% and further exceeds that. It means setting to the value of the elastic modulus corresponding to complete closing. Since the elastic coefficient is set as described above and the wind with a wind speed higher than the predetermined speed has a risk that the variable wing type wind power converter A itself may collapse due to the wind force, such a structure that does not collapse with the wind force is assumed.

  As described above, the base plate 12 is fixedly attached to an intermediate position of the support leg 12L. In this case, the support leg is further above the variable wing wind turbine A on the base plate 12. The power generation part G is installed with support at 12L. The base plate 12 supports the vertical shaft 11x by a bearing 12a so as to be rotatable, and can be held against a force in a direction in which the vertical shaft 11x is tilted by wind force. The extension shaft 11xe from which the vertical shaft 11x extends upward is connected to the input shaft 19 of the power generation unit G via a shaft coupling (not shown). Cb is an output line.

  In the variable wing type wind power converter A, the power generation unit G is installed at the upper part. This is because the water-tightness of the power generation unit G cannot be sufficiently maintained for a long period of time. In order to prevent the deterioration of the function, if sufficient watertightness can be maintained, it may be provided in the lower part. The output wiring from the generator is appropriately laid down along the support leg portion 12L, and is collected and stored at a predetermined position or transmitted. In this case, the output wiring may be wired in the vertical shaft 11x as a hollow shaft.

  The variable wing type wind power converter A of this embodiment having the above-described configuration is a so-called Saponius type windmill, which has three blades compared to a normal Saponius type windmill having two blades, and each blade. The variable wing 14 has the highest efficiency in a normal state and closes the variable wing 14 in a strong wind to prevent the risk of the variable wing wind power converter A collapsing with the wind force. When the variable wing type wind power converter A starts operating, the variable wing 14 is in the open state in which the variable wing 14 is opened most in the radial direction from the light wind of about 3 m / s to just before the strong wind of 25 m / s. The rotational force is transmitted from the variable wing 14 to the vertical shaft 11x, and the rotation is transmitted to the power generation unit G at a rotational speed corresponding to the wind speed in a state where each wind is received. Rotate.

  In this normal state, the most opened state shown in FIG. 5A is set by the elastic force of the coil spring of the elastic member 13b provided in the support shaft 13x. And as shown in FIG. 2, even if a wind blows from any direction of the east, west, north, and south with respect to the installed variable wing type wind power converter A, a windmill part rotates according to the wind force and wind speed. In this case, for example, if the wind blows in the lower right direction of FIG. 2, that is, in the direction from approximately southeast to northwest, the rotational force caused by the wind in this direction is the variable wing 14a out of the three variable wings 14a, 14b, 14c. , A speed difference occurs in the flow velocity of the wind flowing along the front side (arc surface side) and the back side of the blade, and based on this speed difference, the lift force that turns the variable blade 14a counterclockwise is converted into a rotational force.

  In the second variable blade 14b, a drag force that is pushed against the wind force directly acting on the inside of the blade becomes a rotational force, and the windmill portion is rotated by this rotational force. The third variable wing 14c receives wind force on the wing surface and acts in a direction that prevents rotation against counterclockwise rotation. However, the flow of the wind flows along the blade surface and does not generate a large reaction force, and the rotational force of the two variable blades 14a and 14b is large, so that the wind turbine unit is rotated by the drag and lift. In the above description, the action from the southeast to the northwest has been described. However, by providing the three variable wings 14a, 14b, and 14c, the wind blows from the east, west, north, and south directions in the same way. And rotate.

  The above is an effect | action by the normal wind to the above-mentioned strong wind 25m / s, and when the wind speed exceeds the said strong wind area, it acts as follows. When the wind speed exceeds 25 m / s, the rotational speed of the variable blades 14 (14a, 14b, 14c) increases, and the centrifugal force of the weight 18 at the tip of the arm 17 connected to the lower side of the support shaft 13x increases. . Accordingly, due to the elasticity of the coil spring of the elastic member 13b, the centrifugal force is larger than the opening force that holds the variable wings 14a, 14b, 14c in the maximum open state. As described above, the weight 18 is swung outward from the normal state. By swinging the weight 18 outward, the variable wings 14a, 14b, and 14c rotate around the support shaft 13x in a direction to close the wing portion.

  When the open state of the variable blades 14a, 14b, and 14c is reduced, the wind receiving area is reduced. However, since the increase in the wind speed is larger than the decrease in the wind receiving area, the rotation speed is increased more and the wind speed is close to 35 m / s. The blades 14a, 14b, and 14c are in a state where their open states are closed by 80%, and when the wind speed is higher than this, the blades 14a, 14b, and 14c operate so as to be completely closed as shown in FIG. For this reason, in the conventional wind power generator, even when the wind speed increases due to the approach of a typhoon or low atmospheric pressure and there is a risk of collapsing as it is, the variable wing type wind power converter A of this embodiment has the variable wings. By closing 14a, 14b, and 14c, it is possible to protect against such a dangerous state.

  In the above embodiment, the variable wing 14, the elastic member 13b, the support shaft 13x, and the weight 18 may have various shapes other than the illustrated example. However, the configuration and function are within the scope of the present invention. Anything within the scope is included in the scope of the present invention.

  The variable wing type wind power conversion mechanism of the present invention uses the wing of the Saponius type windmill mechanism as a variable wing so that it can be fully closed by the centrifugal force of the weight when it is in a dangerous state due to excessive wind speed. Since it is highly efficient and can prevent the entire variable wing type wind power conversion mechanism from collapsing during strong winds, it can be widely used as a wind turbine mechanism of a wind power generator.

External perspective view of variable wing type wind power converter of embodiment Top view of the machine External perspective view with variable wings closed Main longitudinal section of the same machine Explanatory drawing of the function of the machine

Explanation of symbols

10a, 10b Holding arm 11x Vertical shaft 11xe Extension shaft 12 Base base plate 12L Support leg 13x Support shaft 13a Bearing 13b Elastic member 13xe Extension shaft 14 Variable blade 15 Rotation stop means 17 Arm 18 Weight 19 Input shaft 20 Cover plate 20B Lower bottom plate A Variable wing wind power converter

Claims (2)

  A plurality of trident-shaped holding arms 10a, 10b, and 10c are provided above and below a rotating shaft 11x that is rotatably supported in the vertical direction, and is vertically provided at a predetermined radial position of the pair of holding arms 10a and 10b. A plurality of variable blades 14 each receiving wind are attached to the support shaft 13x, and the variable blade 14 has a substantially arc-shaped cross section in plan view and has a length corresponding to the vertical support shaft direction between the upper and lower holding arms 10a and 10b. A weight 18 is attached to the ends of the arms 17 and 17 of the link mechanism connected to 13x, and an elastic member 13b is attached between the weight 18 and the other holding arm 10c. It is possible to hold the variable wing 14 in accordance with the magnitude of the wind speed by holding it fully open and rotating the centrifugal force of the weight 18 over the elastic force of the elastic member 13b when rotating at a wind speed above a predetermined level. Variable vane wind conversion mechanism provided with wings 14 openably.   When the variable blade 14 is closed in a fully closed state by the centrifugal force of the weight 18, the outer periphery of the variable blade 14 overlaps with the outer periphery of the holding plates 10a and 10b, and the outer periphery of the variable blade 14 is a fully closed shape that is continuous with each other. 2. The variable wing wind power conversion mechanism according to claim 1, wherein

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