JP4738687B2 - Thermoplastic resin additive for matting and thermoplastic resin composition containing the same - Google Patents

Thermoplastic resin additive for matting and thermoplastic resin composition containing the same Download PDF

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JP4738687B2
JP4738687B2 JP2001530406A JP2001530406A JP4738687B2 JP 4738687 B2 JP4738687 B2 JP 4738687B2 JP 2001530406 A JP2001530406 A JP 2001530406A JP 2001530406 A JP2001530406 A JP 2001530406A JP 4738687 B2 JP4738687 B2 JP 4738687B2
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thermoplastic resin
calcium carbonate
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heavy calcium
resin
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隆伸 酒井
壽一 北条
英充 笠原
勝彦 松尾
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Maruo Calcium Co Ltd
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/24Acids; Salts thereof
    • C08K3/26Carbonates; Bicarbonates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/24Acids; Salts thereof
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    • C08K2003/265Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate

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Description

技術分野
本発明は、艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤、ならびに該添加剤を配合してなる熱可塑性樹脂組成物に関する。
更に詳しくは、照明カバー・照明看板・各種ディスプレイ・グルージング・サイン等の用途に使用される熱可塑性樹脂に添加される重質炭酸カルシウムからなる艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤、およびこれを配合してなる、艷消し性・防眩性・全光線透過性に優れた熱可塑性樹脂組成物に関する。
背景技術
一般に、(メタ)アクリル樹脂、スチレン樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、塩化ビニル樹脂、あるいはABS樹脂に代表される熱可塑性樹脂組成物は、照明器具用カバー、照明看板、各種ディスプレイ、グルージング、サイン等の用途に広汎に利用されている。
中でも照明カバーの用途においては、プレス加工・真空加工等の二次加工を経た、いわゆる乳白色半透明板の板状製品が、室内・車内の照明効率や防眩性効果を目的として広く普及している。
これらの乳白色半透明板は、光源から目を保護する防眩性、照明エネルギーを効率よく発現させる全光線透過率等の物性に加え、美麗性等も優れていることが要求されている。
防眩性や全光線透過率等の物性を付与する目的で、上記の(メタ)アクリル樹脂、スチレン樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、塩化ビニル樹脂、ABS樹脂等に、例えば硫酸バリウムや炭酸カルシウムの如き無機粒子やガラスビーズ、ないしプラスチックを光拡散剤として添加する方法が提案され使用されている。
例えば特公平3−2188号公報では粒径・形状を制御した炭酸カルシウムを添加する方法、特開昭56−106237号公報ではガラスビーズを添加する方法、特開平2−6557号公報では透明プラスチックとガラスビーズを添加する方法が提案されている。それらは、添加剤によって光源からの光線の拡散を行い、所望の全光線透過性と防眩性を上記の樹脂に付与することにより目的を達している。
しかし、上記の樹脂はその表面に艶を有しており、屋内や車内で使用される照明カバーや各種ディスプレー等に使用される場合、艶の有無が商品価値を決める場合がある。
例えば、一般家庭で使用される照明カバーの場合、個人の嗜好が優先される為、落ち着いた色調を要求される商品も多く、艷のない樹脂が必要とされている。
また、消灯時の照明カバーと室内の雰囲気の調和からも、艷の有無・強弱の調整が求められている。なお、艶に起因する色調への要求は一般家庭だけでなく、ホテルや展示場・公会堂等の公共性の高い屋内でも、その意匠上の要請から強く要請されている。
従来、上記樹脂の艶消し方法として、大別すると以下の2方法が提案されている。
〔1〕樹脂表面に紋付け加工・艷消し加工の様な凹凸をつける方法。
〔2〕樹脂に、無機物または有機物の艶消し剤を添加する方法。
上記〔1〕の方法は、樹脂の耐衝撃性・強伸性等の物性の低下が少ない利点を有するが、生産性が悪く加工費がかさむ上に艶消し効果も不十分であり、特に二次加工を施す場合は、施した艶消し効果が著しく低減、ないし消滅するという欠点を有する。特に、照明カバー等に使用される場合は、上記の二次加工を施す事が多く、艶消し効果付与の点で不向きである。
一方、上記〔2〕の方法は、生産性がそれほど低下せず、艶消しの程度もコントロールが可能であり、二次加工を施す用途にも適用できる等の利点を有するが、樹脂自体の物性低下をもたらす恐れがある。
例えば、特開平9−272777号公報には、シリカゲル等の無機物を艷消し剤として使用した場合、耐衝撃性、伸度、透明性等の物性低下が著しいと報告されている。
また、有機物、特に高分子系の艶消し剤を用いる方法として、特開昭56−36535号公報に記載の懸濁重合によって得られる平均粒子径35〜500μmの架橋ポリマーを用いる方法が挙げられる。しかしながら、この方法で得られた樹脂は、耐衝撃性や伸度等の樹脂自体の物性低下は少ないが、艷消し効果が不十分であり、更にこの架橋ポリマーは半架橋構造を有する重合体であるために、フィルム状に賦形するとブツが生成する欠点を有する。特にアクリル樹脂に使用し、フィルム状に賦形すると透明性の低下が著しく好ましくない。
また、特開平7−316374号公報では、塩化ビニル樹脂に、特定炭素数のアルキル基を有するアクリル酸ヒドロキシアルキルエステルまたはメタクリル酸ヒドロキシアルキルエステル・メタクリル酸アルキルエステル・アクリル酸アルキルエステルおよび、それら以外の共重合可能なビニル単量体で水酸基を有する直鎖状重合体によって、艶消し性のある熱可塑性樹脂を得ているが、必ずしも満足し得るものではない。
また、特開平7−316389号公報では、ABS樹脂に、特定炭素数のアルキル基を有するアクリル酸ヒドロキシアルキルエステルまたはメタクリル酸ヒドロキシアルキルエステル・メタクリル酸アルキルエステル・アクリル酸アルキルエステルおよび、それら以外の共重合可能なビニル単量体で水酸基を有する直鎖状重合体によって、艷消し性のある熱可塑性樹脂を得ているが、その艶消し性は必ずしも十分とは云い難い。
また、特開平7−314615号公報では、アクリル樹脂・塩化ビニル樹脂・ABS樹脂に、特定炭素数のアルキル基を有するアクリル酸ヒドロキシアルキルエステル・メタクリル酸アルキルエステル・アクリル酸アルキルエステル・ビニル芳香族モノマーおよびその他のものエチレン性不飽和モノマーからなる非架橋性モノマー混合物と、分子内に2個以上の二重結合を有する架橋性ポリマーの混合物を重合して得られる架橋ポリマーを、アクリル樹脂・ポリカーボネート樹脂・塩化ビニル樹脂・ABS樹脂等に積層することによって、艶消し性のある熱可塑性樹脂を得ているが、その艶消し性は必ずしも十分とは云い難い。
更に、以上の方法に上記〔1〕の方法を加えて、所望の全光線透過性・防眩性・艶消し性を簡便かつ安価に得ようとしたが、嗜好の多様性を十分に満足させることはできなかった。
かくして、照明器具用カバー、照明看板、各種ディスプレイ、グルージング、サイン等の用途に使用される(メタ)アクリル樹脂、スチレン樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、塩化ビニル樹脂、ABS樹脂等の熱可塑性樹脂の全光線透過性・防眩性を保持しつつ、効果的に艶消し性を付与する方法が望まれていた。
本発明は、照明器具用カバー、照明看板、各種ディスプレイ、グルージング、サイン等の用途に使用される(メタ)アクリル樹脂、スチレン樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、塩化ビニル樹脂、ABS樹脂等の熱可塑性樹脂の全光線透過性・防眩性を阻害することなく、効果的に艷消し性を付与する艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤、及び該艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤を配合してなる熱可塑性樹脂組成物を提供することを目的とする。
発明の開示
本発明者らは鋭意研究の結果、白色糖晶質石灰石を粉砕加工し、高精度に分級加工することにより、粒子形状が不特定多面体形状で、かつ特定の粒度分布を有する重質炭酸カルシウムからなる艷消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤が、全光線透過性・防眩性を阻害することなく、熱可塑性樹脂に効果的に艷消し性を付与できることを見出し本発明に到達した。
すなわち、本発明の第1は、下記式(1)〜(5)の粒度分布構成を満足する重質炭酸カルシウムからなる艷消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤を内容とする(請求項1)。
2≦A≦30 (1)
0≦B≦25 (2)
1≦C≦25 (3)
1≦D≦3 (4)
E≦100 (5)
但し、
A:レーザー式流度分布計(マイクロトラックFRA)で測定して得られる重質炭酸カルシウムの篩通過側累積50%径〔μm〕
B:レーザー式流度分布計(マイクロトラックFRA)で測定して得られる重質炭酸カルシウムの篩通過側累積50%径の1/2の粒子径の篩通過側累積パーセント〔%〕
C:レーザー式流度分布計(マイクロトラックFRA)で測定して得られる重質炭酸カルシウムの篩通過側累積90%径を10%径で除算した値〔−〕
D:レーザー式流度分布計(マイクロトラックFRA)で測定して得られる重質炭酸カルシウムの篩通過側累積75%径を25%径で除算した値〔−〕
E:レーザー式流度分布計(マイクロトラックFRA)で測定して得られる重質炭酸カルシウムの最大粒子径〔μm〕
好ましい態様として、重質炭酸カルシウムの恒圧通気式粉体比表面積Swが2000〜15000cm/gの範囲内にある艷消し用熱可塑性添加剤である(請求項2)。
好ましい態様として、重質炭酸カルシウムを重質炭酸カルシウム100重量部に対し0.01〜5重量部の疎水性付与剤で表面処理してなる艷消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤である(請求項3)。
好ましい態様として、疎水性付与剤に、重質炭酸カルシウム100重量部に対し0.01〜5重量部の流動性助剤を添加してなる艷消し用熱可塑性添加剤である(請求項4)。
本発明の第2は、熱可塑性樹脂に、上記艷消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤を配合したことを特徴とする熱可塑性樹脂組成物を内容とする(請求項5)。
好ましい態様として、艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤の配合量が、熱可塑性樹脂100重量部に対し0.5〜5重量部である熱可塑性樹脂組成物である(請求項6)。
本発明の第3は、熱可塑性樹脂に、上記艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤と光拡散剤とを配合したことを特徴とする熱可塑性樹脂組成物を内容とする(請求項7)。
好ましい態様として、光拡散剤が、下記式(6)の条件を満たす合成炭酸カルシウム・硫酸バリウム・ガラスビーズ・シリカから選択される少なくとも1種である熱可塑性樹脂組成物である(請求項8)。
0.05≦F≦10.0 (6)
但し、
F:レーザー式流度分布計(マイクロトラックFRA)で測定して得られる光拡散剤の篩通過側累積50%径〔μm〕
好ましい態様として、艷消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤と光拡散剤の合計配合量が熱可塑性樹脂100重量部に対し0.5〜5重量部である熱可塑性樹脂組成物である(請求項9)。
好ましい態様として、艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤に対する光拡散剤の割合が重量比率で0.1〜10である熱可塑性組成物である(請求項10)。
発明を実施するための最良の形態
本発明の艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤の特徴は、粒度ならびに粒度分布を厳しく制御した重質炭酸カルシウムを使用することにある。
重質炭酸カルシウムは、従来、光拡散剤として使用されている、図1に示されるような実質6面体構造を有する合成炭酸カルシウムに比べ、図2に示されるような不特定な多面体(6面体以上)形状を具備する。本発明の重質炭酸カルシウムからなる艷消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤が、効果的に樹脂に艷消し性を付与する理由は定かでないが、この不特定な多面体を有すること、及び粒度ならびに粒度分布を特定の範囲に制御したことによるものと推測される。
また、本発明の艷消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤は重質炭酸カルシウムを原料としていることから、コスト的に安価であり、また粒子の分散性・流動性・噴流性に優れていることから配合時の作業性が良好である。
本発明の艷消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤を構成する重質炭酸カルシウムは、その篩上通過側50%径Aは2≦A≦30、好ましくは4≦A≦20、更に好ましくは8≦A≦16を満足する必要がある。
篩上通過側50%径Aが30μmを越えると、艶消し性が低下するだけでなく、樹脂の耐衝撃性や伸度等の物性が低下し、更に表面平滑性に影響を与える場合があるので好ましくない。またAが2μm未満の場合、重質炭酸カルシウム自体の光散乱によって隠蔽性が上がり、全光線透過性は低下する為、所望の全光線透過性を得ることが困難になり好ましくない。
篩上通過側50%径Aの1/2の粒子径の重量累積パーセントBは0≦B≦25、好ましく0≦B≦20、更に好ましくは0≦B≦15である。Bが0に近づく程、微粒子の存在が少なくなり、全光線透過性、樹脂への耐衝撃性等の悪影響を与えることなく所望の艶消し性の付与が可能になり好ましい。一方、Bが25を越えると、添加剤中の微粒子が増え、微粒子が全光線透過性を低減させ好ましくない。
篩通過側累積90%径を10%径で除算した値Cは1≦C≦25、好ましくは1≦C≦20、さらに好ましくは1≦C≦15である。C値が1に近づく程、粒度分布がシャープになり、全光線透過性、耐衝撃性等の悪影響を与えることなく、樹脂に所望の艷消し性を付与することが可能になる。一方、C値が25を越えると粒度分布が幅広くなり、微粒子と粗粒子が混在するために、微粒子が全光線透過性を低減させ、粗粒子が樹脂の耐衝撃性等の物性を低下させるため好ましくない。
同様に、篩通過側累積75%径を25%径で除算した値Dは1≦D≦3、好ましくは1≦D≦2.5、さらに好ましくは1≦D≦2である。Dが1に近づく程、粒度分布がシャープになり、全光線透過性、耐衝撃性等の悪影響を与えることなく、樹脂に所望の艷消し性を付与することが可能になる。一方、Dが3を越えると粒度分布が幅広くなり、微粒子と粗粒子が混在するために、微粒子が全光線透過性を低減させ、粗粒子が樹脂の耐衝撃性等の物性を低下させるため好ましくない。
最大粒子径Eは、100μm以下、より好ましくは90μm以下、更に好ましくは60μm以下に調整する。最大粒子径Eが100μmを越えると、樹脂自体の耐衝撃性等に悪影響を与えるだけでなく、厚み1〜3mm程度の板・シートや100μm〜1mm程度の厚みのフィルム表面に突起物を生じやすくなり、製品を損なうおそれがあり好ましくない。
また、樹脂中での添加剤の分散が十分でない場合は、微粒子が粗粒子へ付着し、樹脂中に所定の粒子数を配合出来なくなり、所望の艶消し性が得られない場合があり好ましくない。
参考として、本発明の艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤である重質炭酸カルシウムと、一般に使用されている重質炭酸カルシウムの代表的な粒度分布をそれぞれ図3、図4に示す。
一般に分級された重質炭酸カルシウムは、二つのピークをもつ粒度内容(図4)に対して、本発明の重質炭酸カルシウムは意図的に微粒子を取り除いたものであることが明らかである(図3)。
本発明の艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤は、恒圧通気式比表面積Swが2000〜15000cm/gが好ましく、より好ましくは3000〜7500cm/g、さらに好ましくは4000〜6000cm/gである。
Swが15000cm/gを越えると、添加剤中に存在する微粒子が増え、微粒子が全光線透過性を低減させ好ましくなく、また、Swが2000cm/g未満の場合、樹脂自体の耐衝撃性等に悪影響を与えるだけでなく、艶消し効果も激減し、更に厚み1〜3mm程度の板・シートや100μm〜1mm程度の厚みのフィルム表面に突起物を生じやすくなり、製品を損なうおそれがあり好ましくない。
重質炭酸カルシウムの流動性、樹脂中への分散性の向上、更には重質炭酸カルシウムの凝集防止の目的で、疎水性付与剤を重質炭酸カルシウムに対し0.01〜5重量%、好ましくは0.1〜4重量%重質炭酸カルシウムに添加し、表面処理を行うことにより一層良好な熱可塑性樹脂組成物を得ることができる。疎水性付与剤の添加量が0.01重量%未満では、上記の表面処理効果が十分に発揮されず、一方、5重量%を越えると表面処理剤の過多により、熱可塑性樹脂の表面に処理剤がにじみ出すブリード現象を引き起こす場合があり好ましくない。
本発明に使用される疎水性付与剤は、重質炭酸カルシウムに疎水性を付与する物質であれば特に限定されず、具体的に例示すると、オレイン酸、ラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸、ミリスチン酸イソトリデシル、パルミチン酸、ベヘニン酸、ステアリン酸、イソステアリン酸等の脂肪酸、その塩及びその誘導体、上記塩としては、Na、K、Liのアルカリ金属塩またはアンモニウム塩、及びステアリン酸バリウム、ステアリン酸カルシウム、ステアリン酸アルミニウム、ステアリン酸亜鉛、ステアリン酸マグネシウムまたはその複合体等の金属石鹸系滑剤、上記誘導体としては前期脂肪酸のアマイドおよびビスアマイド及びエステル、上記エステルとしては一価アルコールの高級脂肪酸エステル、多価アルコールの高級脂肪酸エステル、モンタワックスタイプの長鎖のエステルまたはその部分加水分解物等の脂肪酸エステル系滑剤;ステアリルアルコール等の高級アルコールまたは分岐高級アルコール;C16以上の流動パラフィン、マイクロクリスタンワックス、天然パラフィン、合成パラフィン、ポリオレフィンワックスおよびこれらの部分酸化物、あるいはフッ化物、塩化物などの脂肪族炭化水素系滑剤;シリコンオイル、大豆油、ヤシ油、バーム核油、アマニ油、ナタネ油、綿実油、キリ油、ヒマシ油、牛脂、スクワラン、ラノリン、硬化油等の油剤;N−アシルアミノ酸塩、アルキルエーテルカルボン酸塩、アシル化ペプチド等のカルボン酸塩;アルキルスルホン酸塩、アルキルベンゼンおよびアルキルナフタレンスルホン酸塩、スルホンコハク酸塩、α−オレフィンスルホン酸塩、N−アシルスルホン酸塩等のスルホン酸塩;硫酸化油、アルキル硫酸塩、アルキルエーテル硫酸塩、アルキルアリルエーテル硫酸塩、アルキルアミド硫酸塩等の硫酸エステル塩;アルキルリン酸塩、アルキルエーテルリン酸塩、アルキルアリルエーテルリン酸塩等のリン酸エステル塩;脂肪族アミン塩、脂肪族4級アンモニウム塩、ベンザルコニウム塩、塩化ベンゼトニウム、ピリジニウム塩、イミダゾリニウム塩等の陽イオン界面活性剤;カルボキシベタイン型、アミノカルボン酸塩、イミダゾリニウムベタイン、レシチン等の両性界面活性剤;ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレン2級アルコールエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルフェニルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンステロールエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンラノリン誘導体、アルキルフェノールホルマリン縮合物等の酸化エチレン誘導体、ポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレンブロックポリマー、ポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレンアルキルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレングリセリン脂肪酸エステル、
ポリオキシエチレンヒマシ油および硬化ひまし油、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレンソルビトール脂肪酸エステル、ポリエチレングリコール脂肪酸エステル、脂肪酸モノグリセリド、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、脂肪酸アルカノールアミド、ポリオキシエチレン脂肪酸エステルアミド、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルアミン、アルキルアミンオキサイド等の非イオン界面活性剤;フッ素系界面活性剤;ポリオキシエチレンアリルグリシジルノニルフェニルエーテル、シランカップリング剤、チタネート系カップリング剤等の反応系界面活性剤;ヒドロキシエチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロース等の繊維素化合物等が挙げられ、これらは単独で又は2種以上組み合わせて用いられる。これらの中でも脂肪酸および脂肪酸エステルが安価で分散効果が高い点で好ましい。表面処理の方法は、特に制限はなく湿式、乾式のいずれでも可能である。
さらに、疎水性付与剤に流動性助剤を添加混合することにより、重質炭酸カルシウム自体の流動性と熱可塑性樹脂中における重質炭酸カルシウムの分散性が向上する。
流動性助剤は、BET比表面積が10〜800m/gの範囲で、本発明の重質炭酸カルシウムの平均粒子径の1/10以下の平均粒子径からなる微粒子粉体が好ましい。
本発明に使用される流動性助剤を具体的に例示すると、タルク、無水珪酸、ベントナイト、カオリン、酸化マグネシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、珪酸マグネシウム、酸化亜鉛、水酸化マグネシウム、コロイダルシリカ、珪藻土、ステアリン酸マグネシウム、ヒュームドシリカ、溶融シリカ、シリカ、コンスターチ、でん粉、珪酸カルシウム等の微粉末が挙げられ、これらは単独で又は2種以上組み合わせて用いられる。これらの中でも、無水珪酸、コロイダルシリカ、ヒュームドシリカ、溶融シリカが本発明の重質炭酸カルシウムの流動性改善効果が高い点で好ましい。流動性助剤の添加量は、重質炭酸カルシウムに対して0.01〜5重量%の範囲が好ましく、0.1〜4重量%がより好ましい。0.01重量%未満では流動性向上効果が不十分であり、また5重量%を越えると流動性付与効果は得られるものの、本発明の艷消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤を熱可塑性樹脂に配合した時に、熱可塑性樹脂の全光線透過性を低下させる傾向があり好ましくない。流動性助剤は、上記疎水性付与剤に添加して重質炭酸カルシウムに表面処理される。
本発明の艷消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤は、(メタ)アクリル樹脂、スチレン樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、塩化ビニル樹脂、ABS樹脂等の熱可塑性樹脂に添加され、各種の成形加工を経て照明器具用カバー、照明看板、各種ディスプレイ、グルージング、サイン等の用途に使用される。
艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤の添加量は、熱可塑性樹脂の種類、所望の全光線透過性、防眩性、艶等により一概には規定できないが、概ね熱可塑性樹脂100重量部に対し0.5〜5重量部の範囲が適当である。艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤が0.5重量部未満では、艶消し性、防眩性等該添加剤の添加効果が十分に発現されず、一方、5重量部を越えると樹脂組成物の全光線透過性、耐衝撃性、伸度、強度、加工性等が低下する。
本発明の艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤を上記樹脂に添加する場合、用途・目的に併せて、単独でまたは他の光拡散剤と組み合わせて使用される。
本発明の艷消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤は、艶消し性付与の他に光拡散剤としての効能も併せ持ち、単独で上記の樹脂に添加すると、良好な艶消し性を付与するとともに、全光線透過性と防眩性も同時に付与するが、嗜好が多岐に渡る昨今のニーズに必ずしも十分に対応できない場合がある。このような場合には、光拡散剤と併用するのが望ましく、それにより全光線透過性・防眩性・艶を調整する事ができる。
光拡散剤としては、炭酸カルシウム・三酸化アンチモン・五酸化アンチモン・硫酸バリウム・塩基性炭酸マグネシウム・酸化チタン・酸化亜鉛・酸化アルミニウム・水酸化アルミニウム・水酸化マグネシウム・硼酸亜鉛・石英・結晶性シリカ・無定形シリカ・ガラスビーズ・弗化リチウム・弗化カルシウム・タルク・マイカ・ゼオライト・ハイドロタルサイト・ワラストナイト・トベルモナイト・ジャイロライト・ゾノトライト・トバモライト・ドーソナイト・アタパルジャイト・カオリンの無機粉体、ならびに(メタ)アクリル樹脂・スチレン樹脂・ポリカーボネート樹脂・塩化ビニル樹脂等の透明プラスチック、架橋重合ポリマー等の有機系物質が挙げられ、これらは単独で又は2種以上組み合わせて用いられる。
なお、上記の光拡散剤には用途・目的に応じ、適宜、重質炭酸カルシウムに適用した表面処理剤、流動性助剤を適用することが好ましい。
上記の光拡散剤は、通常使用されているものでもよいが、それらの篩通過側累積50%径Fが0.5≦F≦20、好ましくは1≦F≦10、より好ましくは3≦F≦7のものが、本発明の熱可塑性樹脂組成物の艷消し性・全光線透過性・防眩性を更に有効に発揮させる為に好ましく使用される。特に、上記の条件を満たす合成炭酸カルシウム・硫酸バリウム・ガラスビーズ・シリカからなる光拡散剤が好ましく用いられ、中でも合成炭酸カルシウムがその6面体形状から所望の全光線透過性・防眩性を発現させ易く、設定し易い点で最も好適である。
光拡散剤と艷消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤の割合は、前者が後者に対し重量比率で0.1〜10の範囲が好ましい。0.1未満では光拡散剤の添加効果が不十分で、また10を越えると防眩性は上がるが、全光線透過性が低下し、所望の明るさを得るために光源のエネルギーを上げる必要が生じるため好ましくない。
以下、(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物を例に挙げて更に詳細に説明する。
本発明に使用される(メタ)アクリル系樹脂は、通常の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂でよく、例えばメタクリル酸メチルの単独重合体、あるいはメタクリル酸メチルを50重量%以上と他のビニル単量体との共重合体のいずれでもよい。
上記のビニル単量体としては、例えばメタクリル酸エチル、メタクリル酸ブチル、メタクリル酸シクロヘキシル、メタクリル酸フェニル、メタクリル酸ベンジル、メタクリル酸2−エチルヘキシル、メタクリル酸2−ヒドロキシエチル等のメタクリル酸エステル類、アクリル酸メチル、アクリル酸エチル、アクリル酸ブチル、アクリル酸シクロヘキシル、アクリル酸フェニル、アクリル酸ベンジル、アクリル酸2−エチルヘキシル、アクリル酸2−ヒドロキシルエチル等のアクリル酸エステル類、メタクリル酸、アクリル酸などの不飽和酸類、スチレン、α−メチルスチレン、アクリロニトリル、メタクリロニトリル、無水マレイン酸、フェニルマレイミド、シクロヘキシルマレイミド等が挙げられ、これらは単独で又は2種以上組み合わせて用いられる。
また、この共重合体には、無水グルタル酸単位、グルタルイミド単位を含んでいてもよく、更に単独重合体、共重合体にジエン系ゴム、アクリル系ゴム等をブレンドしたものでもよい。
本発明の(メタ)アクリル樹脂組成物は、上記の(メタ)アクリル樹脂に本発明の艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤、又は本発明の艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤と上記した光拡散剤を添加して得られる。
上記の(メタ)アクリル樹脂に添加する本発明の艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤の量は、目的とする樹脂組成物の艷・全光線透過性・防眩性によって適宣選択されるが、(メタ)アクリル樹脂100重量部に対して0.5〜5重量部、好ましくは1〜4重量部、より好ましくは1.5〜3重量部の範囲内で使用される事が望ましい。艷消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤の添加量が5重量部を越えると、得られる樹脂組成物の全光線透過性・耐衝撃性・伸度が低下し、照明カバー等に用いた場合に明るさや強度が不足するだけでなく、透過光が着色して目的とする物性が得られないので好ましくない。一方、添加量が0.5重量部未満の場合は、得られる樹脂組成物に十分な艷消し性等を付与できず、本発明の目的が達成できないので好ましくない。
上記の(メタ)アクリル樹脂に、本発明の艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤と併せて添加する光拡散剤の添加量は、目的とする樹脂組成物の艶・全光線透過率・防眩性によって適宣選択されるが、本発明の艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤と上記光拡散剤の添加量の合計が、(メタ)アクリル樹脂100重量部に対して0.5〜5重量部、好ましくは1〜4重量部、より好ましくは1.5〜3重量部の範囲が望ましい。
合計の添加量が5重量部を越えると、得られる樹脂の全光線透過性・耐衝撃性・伸度が低下し、照明カバー等に用いた場合に明るさや強度が不足するだけでなく、透過光が着色して目的とする物性が得られず好ましくない。また、合計の添加量が0.5重量部未満の場合は、得られる樹脂組成物に十分な艶消し性・防眩性を付与できず、本発明の目的が達成されないので好ましくない。
(メタ)アクリル樹脂と本発明の艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤、又は本発明の艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤と併せて添加する光拡散剤の配合・混合方法は、通常用いられる方法で問題なく特に限定されないが、例えばヘンシェルミキサー・タンブラー等の混合機で混合攪拌後、通常の押出機でペレタイズして、本発明の艶消し用(メタ)アクリル樹脂組成物を得る。
なお、上記の方法において、本発明の艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤と光拡散剤を併用して使用する場合、艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤と光拡散剤を樹脂に添加して同時にペレタイズしてもよく、また別個に樹脂に添加してペレタイズした後、再び両者のペレットを溶融混練して押出機でペレタイズしてもよい。
ポリスチレン樹脂・ポリカーボネート樹脂・ポリエステル樹脂からなる熱可塑性樹脂組成物も、上記の(メタ)アクリル樹脂と同様の方法で得ることが出来る。
艷消し性を付与した照明カバー等の製造方法は、本発明の樹脂組成物をベント付き押出装置を使用し、シート表面が平滑になるようにシート加工する方法が一般的であるが、所望の用途や物性により、艶消し剤・光拡散剤を含有しないアクリル樹脂・ポリカーボネート樹脂・塩化ビニル樹脂・ABS樹脂等のシートに本発明の樹脂組成物のシートを積層することにより、目的とする照明カバー等を得てもよく、更に必要により、得られた樹脂板の表面をマット状にシート加工することも可能である。
本発明の熱可塑性樹脂組成物は、一般に該樹脂に使用される他の添加剤、例えば顔料、蛍光増白剤、ブルーイング剤等の染料、各種安定剤、酸化防止剤、加工助剤、帯電防止剤等各種添加剤を含有してもよい。
本発明によれば、本発明の艷消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤を使用することにより、熱可塑性樹脂組成物中で該添加剤が凝集することが無く、また粗大・凝集粒子ならびに微小粒子を含有することがないことから、該熱可塑性樹脂樹脂を成形加工して得られる照明カバー等の耐衝撃性・伸度・表面平滑性、外観を阻害することなく、極めて優れた光線透過性・防眩性を有し、また艷消し性を付与することが可能である。
以下、本発明を実施例を挙げて更に具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれら実施例に限定されないことは云うまでもない。
なお、各特性値の測定方法を以下に示す。
〈粒度分布〉
重質炭酸カルシウム又は光拡散剤5gをメタノール50ccに懸濁後、超音波分散機(日本精機製作所製:US−300T)で60秒間分散せしめ、該メタノール懸濁液をレーザー式粒度分布測定機(日機装製:マイクロトラックFRA)を用いて測定した。
〈粉体の比表面積〉
恒圧通気式粉体比表面積測定装置(島津製作所製)を使用して測定した。
〈全光線透過率〉
ASTMD−1003−61Tに準じ、積分球式HTRメーターで測定した。
〈光拡散率〉
ゴニオホトメーター(株式会社村上色彩技術研究所製HR−100型)で測定した角度20°および70°で透過した光強度の平均を、角度5°で透過した光強度で除した値を百分率として求めた。この光拡散率を防眩性の指標とした。
〈平滑性(表面の凹凸性)〉
光拡散用プラスチックを目視で観察し、下記の評価基準に従って5段階評価を行った。
5点:表面の凹凸が見えず平滑である。
4点:表面の一部に微少な凹凸が僅かに認められるが、実用上全く問題がない。
3点:表面全体に微少な凹凸が認められるが、実用上問題ない。
2点:表面全体に微少な凹凸が認められ、且つ粗大凹凸が一部認められ、実用上問題がある。
1点:表面全体に粗大凹凸が認められ、実用上非常に問題がある。
〈表面光沢度〉
村上色彩研究所製光沢度計GM−26Dを用いて60度鏡面を測定し、艶消し性の指標とした。
〈アイゾット衝撃強度〉
得られた樹脂板をASTM D256に準じて測定した。
〈総合評価〉
下記の評価基準により5段階評価した。
A:艶消し性・全光線透過性・防眩性・樹脂強度・樹脂板の平滑性が非常に良好で、艶消し性の照明カバーとして最適である。
B:艷消し性・全光線透過性・防眩性・樹脂強度・樹脂板の平滑性が良好で、艷消し性の照明カバーに適する。
C:艷消し性・全光線透過性・防眩性・樹脂強度・樹脂板の平滑性が比較的に良好で、艶消し性の照明カバーとして使用可能である。
D:艶消し性・全光線透過性・防眩性・樹脂強度・樹脂板の平滑性のいずれかが不良で、艶消し性の照明カバーとしての使用に実用上支障がある。
E:艷消し性・全光線透過性・防眩性・樹脂強度・樹脂板の平滑性のいずれかが不良で、艷消し性の照明カバーとしての使用に実用性がない。
実施例1〜6
白色糖晶質石灰石を粉砕・分級し、表1に示す篩通過側累積50%径A、篩通過側累積50%径の1/2の粒子径の篩通過側累積パーセントB、篩通過側累積90%径を10%径で除算した値C、篩通過側累積75%径を25%径で除算した値D、最大粒子径E、恒圧通気式粉体比表面積Swである不定形多面体の重質炭酸カルシウム粉体を調製し、艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加物を得た。
なお、得られた粉体をSEM写真により観察した結果、(6面体以上の)他面体であった。
実施例7〜10
実施例6の重質炭酸カルシウムに疎水性付与剤αを、重質炭酸カルシウム粉体100重量部に対してX重量部添加し、ヘンシェルミキサーで加熱混合し艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加物を得た。
実施例11〜14
実施例10の重質炭酸カルシウムに流動性助剤βを、重質炭酸カルシウム100重量部に対してY重量部添加し、ヘンシェルミキサーで加熱混合し艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加物を得た。
実施例15
実施例4の重質炭酸カルシウムに、疎水性付与剤αとしてステアリン酸を重質炭酸カルシウム100重量部に対して3.9重量部を添加し、更に流動性助剤をとして粒子径の範囲が0.005〜0.05μmのヒュームドシリカを重質炭酸カルシウム100重量部に対して2重量部添加し、ヘンシェルミキサーで加熱混合し艷消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加物を得た。

Figure 0004738687
比較例1〜5
白色糖晶質石灰石を粉砕・分級し、表2に示す篩通過側累積50%径A、篩通過側累積50%径の1/2の粒子径の篩通過側累積パーセントB、篩通過側累積90%径を10%径で除算した値C、篩通過側累積75%径を25%径で除算した値D、最大粒子径E、恒圧通気式粉体比表面積Swである不定形多面体の重質炭酸カルシウム粉体を調製し、艷消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加物を得た。
なお、得られた粉体をSEM写真により観察した結果、(6面体以上の)他面体であった。
比較例6
特開平10−130020号公報の実施例4に示される合成炭酸カルシウムを作成し、艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加物とした。なお、該合成炭酸カルシウムのA,B,C,D,Eは表2の通りであった。
比較例7
市販の溶融シリカを分級し、表2のA,B,C,D,Eの条件を満たす溶融シリカを艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加物とした。
Figure 0004738687
実施例16〜23,比較例8〜11
メチルメタクリレートの部分共重合体(スチレンの共重合率18重量%、住友化学工業株式会社製:スミベックス−EXA)100重量部に、艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤MをM’重量部を配合し、ヘンシェルミキサで高速60秒混合攪拌して十分に分散せしめた後に65mmφベント付き押出機、及びダイス幅が600mmのコートハンガーダイスにより樹脂温度250℃でシート状に押出し、ポリッシング三本ロールにより板状加工し、板厚2mmのサンプル板を得た。
得られたサンプル板の光学特性に関わる特性値及び総合評価を表3に示す。
Figure 0004738687
実施例24,25
メチルメタクリレートの部分共重合体(スチレンの共重合率18%、住友化学工業株式会社製:スミベックス−EXA)100重量部に、艷消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤M,N(光拡散剤)を各々M’,N’重量部を配合し、ヘンシェルミキサで高速60秒混合攪拌して十分に分散せしめた後に65mmφベント付き押出機、及びダイス幅が600mmのコートハンガーダイスにより樹脂温度250℃でシート状に押出し、ポリッシング三本ロールにより板状加工し、板厚2mmのサンプル板を得た。
得られたサンプル板の光学特性に関わる特性値及び総合評価を表4に示す。
Figure 0004738687
実施例26〜33、比較例12〜15
ポリエステル樹脂(大日本インキ化学工業株式会社製:CR3500)100重量部に、実施例1、6、15、比較例1、2、6、7の艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤を2重量部を配合し、タンブラーで均一に分散せしめた。これを実施例8と同様の方法で板厚2mmのサンプル板を得た。
得られたサンプルの光学特性に関わる特性値および総合評価を表5に示した。
Figure 0004738687
実施例34,35
メチルメタクリレートの部分共重合体(スチレンの共重合率18重量%、住友化学工業株式会社製:スミベックス−EXA)100重量部に、艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加物M,N(光拡散剤)を各々M’,N’重量部を配合し、ヘンシェルミキサで高速60秒混合攪拌して十分に分散せしめた後に、実施例8と同様の方法で板厚2mmのサンプル板を得た。
得られたサンプル板の光学特性に関わる特性値及び総合評価を表6に示す。
Figure 0004738687
実施例36〜43、比較例16〜19
ポリカーボネート樹脂(三菱化学株式会社:ノバレックス7030)100重量部に、艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加物MをM’重量部を配合し、タンブラーで均一に分散せしめた。
これを実施例8と同様の方法で板厚2mmのサンプル板を得た。
得られたサンプル以下の光学特性に関わる特性値及び総合評価を表7に示した。
Figure 0004738687
実施例44,45
ポリカーボネート樹脂(三菱化学株式会社:ノバレックス7030)100重量部に、艷消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤M,Nを各々M’,N’重量部を配合し、タンブラーで均一に分散せしめた。
これを実施例8と同様の方法で板厚2mmのサンプル板を得た。
得られたサンプル板の光学特性に関わる特性値及び総合評価を表8に示した。
Figure 0004738687
産業上の利用可能性
叙上のとおり、本発明の艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤は、熱可塑性樹脂に配合され、艶消し性、防眩性及び全光線透過性に優れた熱可塑性樹脂組成物を提供することができ、照明カバー・照明看板・各種ディスプレイ・グルージング・サイン等の用途に有用である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
図1は、従来の光拡散剤である合成炭酸カルシウムの電子顕微鏡写真(500倍)である。
図2は、本発明の艷消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤である重質炭酸カルシウムの電子顕微鏡写真(500倍)である。
図3は、本発明の艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤である重質炭酸カルシウムの代表的な粒度分布を示す。
図4は、一般の重質炭酸カルシウムの代表的な粒度分布を示す。Technical field
The present invention relates to a thermoplastic resin additive for matting, and a thermoplastic resin composition containing the additive.
More specifically, a matte thermoplastic resin additive made of heavy calcium carbonate added to a thermoplastic resin used for lighting covers, lighting signs, various displays, gurzing, signs, etc., and blended with this The present invention relates to a thermoplastic resin composition having excellent decoloring properties, antiglare properties, and total light transmittance.
Background art
In general, thermoplastic resin compositions represented by (meth) acrylic resin, styrene resin, polycarbonate resin, polyester resin, vinyl chloride resin, or ABS resin are used for lighting fixture covers, lighting signs, various displays, gurzing, signs. It is widely used for such applications.
In particular, for lighting cover applications, so-called milky white translucent plate-like products that have undergone secondary processing such as press processing and vacuum processing have become widespread for the purpose of lighting efficiency and anti-glare effect in the interior and interior of vehicles. Yes.
These milky white translucent plates are required to have excellent aesthetics in addition to physical properties such as anti-glare properties for protecting eyes from light sources and total light transmittance for efficiently expressing illumination energy.
For the purpose of imparting physical properties such as anti-glare property and total light transmittance, the above (meth) acrylic resin, styrene resin, polycarbonate resin, polyester resin, vinyl chloride resin, ABS resin, etc., for example, barium sulfate or calcium carbonate A method of adding such inorganic particles, glass beads, or plastics as a light diffusing agent has been proposed and used.
For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-2188 discloses a method of adding calcium carbonate having a controlled particle size and shape, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-106237 discloses a method of adding glass beads, and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-6557 discloses a transparent plastic. A method of adding glass beads has been proposed. They achieve the purpose by diffusing light from a light source with an additive and imparting the desired total light transmittance and antiglare to the resin.
However, the above-mentioned resin has gloss on its surface, and when used for lighting covers and various displays used indoors or in vehicles, the presence or absence of gloss may determine the commercial value.
For example, in the case of a lighting cover used in a general household, since personal preference is given priority, there are many products that require a calm color tone, and a resin without wrinkles is required.
Moreover, the presence / absence / absence of wrinkles is also required to be adjusted from the harmony between the lighting cover and the indoor atmosphere when the lights are off. The demand for color tone caused by luster is strongly demanded not only for ordinary households but also for highly public indoors such as hotels, exhibition halls, and public halls because of the design requirements.
Conventionally, the following two methods have been proposed as the matting method of the resin.
[1] A method for forming irregularities on the resin surface, such as a patterning process or a matting process.
[2] A method of adding an inorganic or organic matting agent to the resin.
The method [1] has the advantage that the physical properties such as impact resistance and toughness of the resin are less deteriorated, but the productivity is poor and the processing cost is increased, and the matting effect is insufficient. When the next processing is performed, there is a disadvantage that the matting effect is significantly reduced or disappears. In particular, when used for a lighting cover or the like, the secondary processing is often performed, which is unsuitable for imparting a matte effect.
On the other hand, the method [2] has advantages such that productivity does not decrease so much, the degree of matting can be controlled, and it can be applied to secondary processing applications, but the physical properties of the resin itself. May cause a drop.
For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-272777 reports that when an inorganic material such as silica gel is used as a matting agent, physical properties such as impact resistance, elongation, and transparency are significantly reduced.
Moreover, as a method using an organic substance, particularly a polymer matting agent, a method using a crosslinked polymer having an average particle size of 35 to 500 μm obtained by suspension polymerization described in JP-A-56-36535 can be mentioned. However, the resin obtained by this method is less deteriorated in physical properties of the resin itself such as impact resistance and elongation, but the erasing effect is insufficient, and this crosslinked polymer is a polymer having a semi-crosslinked structure. For this reason, there is a drawback that irregularities are generated when the film is shaped. In particular, when used in an acrylic resin and shaped into a film, a decrease in transparency is extremely undesirable.
In JP-A-7-316374, acrylic acid hydroxyalkyl ester or methacrylic acid hydroxyalkyl ester / methacrylic acid alkyl ester / acrylic acid alkyl ester having an alkyl group having a specific number of carbon atoms is added to vinyl chloride resin. Although a thermoplastic polymer having a matte property is obtained from a linear polymer having a hydroxyl group as a copolymerizable vinyl monomer, it is not always satisfactory.
Further, in JP-A-7-316389, an ABS resin is an acrylic acid hydroxyalkyl ester or a methacrylic acid hydroxyalkyl ester / methacrylic acid alkyl ester / acrylic acid alkyl ester having an alkyl group having a specific carbon number, and other co-polymers. A linear polymer having a hydroxyl group, which is a polymerizable vinyl monomer, has obtained a matte thermoplastic resin, but the matte property is not necessarily sufficient.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-314615 discloses acrylic acid hydroxyalkyl ester / methacrylic acid alkyl ester / acrylic acid alkyl ester / vinyl aromatic monomer having an alkyl group having a specific carbon number in acrylic resin / vinyl chloride resin / ABS resin. A cross-linked polymer obtained by polymerizing a mixture of a non-crosslinkable monomer mixture composed of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer and a cross-linkable polymer having two or more double bonds in the molecule is used as an acrylic resin / polycarbonate resin. A thermoplastic resin having a matte property is obtained by laminating it on a vinyl chloride resin, an ABS resin or the like, but the matte property is not necessarily sufficient.
Furthermore, the above method [1] is added to the above method to obtain desired total light transmittance, antiglare property and matte property simply and inexpensively, but sufficiently satisfying the variety of tastes. I couldn't.
Thus, thermoplastic resins such as (meth) acrylic resin, styrene resin, polycarbonate resin, polyester resin, vinyl chloride resin, ABS resin used for lighting fixture covers, lighting signs, various displays, gurzing, signs, etc. Thus, there has been a demand for a method of effectively imparting matteness while maintaining the total light transmittance and antiglare property of the above.
The present invention relates to heat for (meth) acrylic resin, styrene resin, polycarbonate resin, polyester resin, vinyl chloride resin, ABS resin, etc. used for lighting fixture covers, lighting signs, various displays, gurzing, signs, etc. Matting thermoplastic resin additive that effectively imparts mattness without hindering the total light transmittance and antiglare property of the plastic resin, and the matting thermoplastic resin additive. An object is to provide a thermoplastic resin composition.
Disclosure of the invention
As a result of diligent research, the inventors of the present invention pulverized white sugar crystalline limestone and classified it with high accuracy, so that the particle shape is an unspecified polyhedral shape and from heavy calcium carbonate having a specific particle size distribution. The present invention has been found that the erasing thermoplastic resin additive can effectively impart erasability to the thermoplastic resin without inhibiting the total light transmittance and antiglare property.
That is, a first aspect of the present invention includes an erasing thermoplastic resin additive made of heavy calcium carbonate that satisfies the particle size distribution structure of the following formulas (1) to (5) (Claim 1).
2 ≦ A ≦ 30 (1)
0 ≦ B ≦ 25 (2)
1 ≦ C ≦ 25 (3)
1 ≦ D ≦ 3 (4)
E ≦ 100 (5)
However,
A: Sieve passage side cumulative 50% diameter [μm] of heavy calcium carbonate obtained by measurement with a laser flow rate distribution meter (Microtrac FRA)
B: Cumulative percentage on the sieve passage side with a particle diameter ½ of 50% diameter on the sieve passage side of heavy calcium carbonate obtained by measurement with a laser flow rate distribution meter (Microtrac FRA) [%]
C: Value obtained by dividing the cumulative 90% diameter of heavy calcium carbonate obtained by measuring with a laser flow rate distribution meter (Microtrac FRA) by the 10% diameter [−]
D: Value obtained by dividing the cumulative 75% diameter on the sieve passing side of heavy calcium carbonate obtained by measurement with a laser flow rate distribution meter (Microtrac FRA) by the 25% diameter [-]
E: Maximum particle diameter [μm] of heavy calcium carbonate obtained by measuring with a laser flow rate distribution meter (Microtrac FRA)
As a preferable aspect, the constant pressure aeration type powder specific surface area Sw of heavy calcium carbonate is 2000-15000 cm. 2 It is a thermoplastic additive for erasing that is in the range of / g.
As a preferred embodiment, a frosting thermoplastic resin additive obtained by subjecting heavy calcium carbonate to a surface treatment with 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of a hydrophobicity-imparting agent with respect to 100 parts by weight of heavy calcium carbonate (claim 3). ).
As a preferred embodiment, a thermoplastic additive for matting is obtained by adding 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of a fluidity aid to 100 parts by weight of heavy calcium carbonate in a hydrophobicity imparting agent (Claim 4). .
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a thermoplastic resin composition characterized in that the above-mentioned erasing thermoplastic resin additive is blended with a thermoplastic resin.
As a preferred embodiment, a thermoplastic resin composition in which the amount of the matting thermoplastic resin additive is 0.5 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin (Claim 6).
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a thermoplastic resin composition characterized in that the thermoplastic resin additive for matting and a light diffusing agent are blended in a thermoplastic resin (claim 7).
As a preferred embodiment, the light diffusing agent is a thermoplastic resin composition that is at least one selected from synthetic calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, glass beads, and silica satisfying the following formula (6) (Claim 8). .
0.05 ≦ F ≦ 10.0 (6)
However,
F: Cumulative passage side 50% diameter [μm] of light diffusing agent obtained by laser flow rate distribution meter (Microtrac FRA)
A preferred embodiment is a thermoplastic resin composition in which the total blending amount of the erasing thermoplastic resin additive and the light diffusing agent is 0.5 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin (claim 9). .
A preferred embodiment is a thermoplastic composition in which the ratio of the light diffusing agent to the matting thermoplastic resin additive is 0.1 to 10 by weight (claim 10).
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The feature of the thermoplastic resin additive for matting of the present invention is that heavy calcium carbonate whose particle size and particle size distribution are strictly controlled is used.
Heavy calcium carbonate is an unspecified polyhedron (hexahedral) as shown in FIG. 2 as compared with synthetic calcium carbonate having a substantially hexahedral structure as shown in FIG. 1, which is conventionally used as a light diffusing agent. And so on). The reason why the thermoplastic resin additive for erasing made of heavy calcium carbonate of the present invention effectively imparts erasability to the resin is not clear, but it has this unspecified polyhedron, particle size and particle size distribution This is presumed to be due to the control within a specific range.
In addition, since the thermoplastic resin additive for matting of the present invention is made from heavy calcium carbonate as a raw material, it is inexpensive and blended because it is excellent in particle dispersibility, fluidity, and jetting properties. Workability at the time is good.
The heavy calcium carbonate constituting the frosting thermoplastic resin additive of the present invention has a 50% diameter A on the sieve passing side of 2 ≦ A ≦ 30, preferably 4 ≦ A ≦ 20, more preferably 8 ≦ A. It is necessary to satisfy ≦ 16.
When the 50% diameter A on the sieve passing side exceeds 30 μm, not only the matte property is lowered but also physical properties such as impact resistance and elongation of the resin are lowered, and the surface smoothness may be further affected. Therefore, it is not preferable. On the other hand, when A is less than 2 μm, the concealability is increased by light scattering of the heavy calcium carbonate itself, and the total light transmittance is lowered, which makes it difficult to obtain the desired total light transmittance, which is not preferable.
The weight cumulative percentage B of 1/2 the particle diameter of 50% diameter A on the sieve passing side is 0 ≦ B ≦ 25, preferably 0 ≦ B ≦ 20, more preferably 0 ≦ B ≦ 15. The closer B is to 0, the smaller the presence of fine particles, and the desirable matteness can be imparted without adverse effects such as total light transmittance and impact resistance to the resin. On the other hand, if B exceeds 25, the fine particles in the additive increase, and the fine particles reduce the total light transmittance, which is not preferable.
A value C obtained by dividing the 90% diameter accumulated on the sieve passing side by the 10% diameter is 1 ≦ C ≦ 25, preferably 1 ≦ C ≦ 20, and more preferably 1 ≦ C ≦ 15. The closer the C value is to 1, the sharper the particle size distribution becomes, and it becomes possible to impart desired erasing properties to the resin without adverse effects such as total light transmittance and impact resistance. On the other hand, when the C value exceeds 25, the particle size distribution becomes wide, and fine particles and coarse particles are mixed, so that the fine particles reduce the total light transmittance, and the coarse particles reduce the physical properties such as impact resistance of the resin. It is not preferable.
Similarly, a value D obtained by dividing the sieve passing side accumulated 75% diameter by the 25% diameter is 1 ≦ D ≦ 3, preferably 1 ≦ D ≦ 2.5, and more preferably 1 ≦ D ≦ 2. As D gets closer to 1, the particle size distribution becomes sharper, and it becomes possible to impart desired erasing properties to the resin without adverse effects such as total light transmittance and impact resistance. On the other hand, when D exceeds 3, the particle size distribution becomes wide, and fine particles and coarse particles are mixed, so that the fine particles reduce the total light transmittance, and the coarse particles reduce physical properties such as impact resistance of the resin. Absent.
The maximum particle diameter E is adjusted to 100 μm or less, more preferably 90 μm or less, and still more preferably 60 μm or less. If the maximum particle size E exceeds 100 μm, not only will the impact resistance of the resin itself be adversely affected, but also protrusions may easily occur on the surface of a plate or sheet having a thickness of about 1 to 3 mm or a film having a thickness of about 100 μm to 1 mm. Therefore, the product may be damaged, which is not preferable.
Further, when the dispersion of the additive in the resin is not sufficient, the fine particles adhere to the coarse particles, and it becomes impossible to mix a predetermined number of particles in the resin, and the desired matte property may not be obtained, which is not preferable. .
As a reference, typical particle size distributions of heavy calcium carbonate, which is the thermoplastic resin additive for matting of the present invention, and heavy calcium carbonate generally used are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, respectively.
In general, the classified heavy calcium carbonate has a particle size content having two peaks (FIG. 4), whereas the heavy calcium carbonate of the present invention is intentionally obtained by removing fine particles (FIG. 4). 3).
The matte thermoplastic resin additive of the present invention has a constant pressure aeration specific surface area Sw of 2000 to 15000 cm. 2 / G is preferred, more preferably 3000-7500 cm 2 / G, more preferably 4000-6000 cm 2 / G.
Sw is 15000cm 2 When the amount exceeds / g, the amount of fine particles present in the additive increases, and the fine particles are not preferable because the total light transmittance is reduced, and Sw is 2000 cm. 2 If it is less than / g, not only will the impact resistance of the resin itself be adversely affected, but the matting effect will also be drastically reduced. This is not preferable because it tends to cause a product to be damaged.
For the purpose of improving the fluidity of heavy calcium carbonate, dispersibility in the resin, and preventing the aggregation of heavy calcium carbonate, the hydrophobicity-imparting agent is preferably 0.01 to 5% by weight based on the heavy calcium carbonate, preferably Is added to 0.1 to 4% by weight of heavy calcium carbonate, and a surface treatment is performed to obtain a better thermoplastic resin composition. When the added amount of the hydrophobicity-imparting agent is less than 0.01% by weight, the above-mentioned surface treatment effect is not sufficiently exhibited. On the other hand, when the amount exceeds 5% by weight, the surface of the thermoplastic resin is treated due to an excess of the surface treatment agent. It may cause bleeding phenomenon that the agent oozes out, which is not preferable.
The hydrophobicity-imparting agent used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a substance that imparts hydrophobicity to heavy calcium carbonate. Specific examples include oleic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, isotridecyl myristate, Fatty acids such as palmitic acid, behenic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, salts and derivatives thereof, alkali metal salts or ammonium salts of Na, K, Li, and barium stearate, calcium stearate, aluminum stearate Metal soap lubricants such as zinc stearate, magnesium stearate or composites thereof, amides and bisamides and esters of fatty acids as the above derivatives, higher fatty acid esters of monohydric alcohols, higher fatty acids of polyhydric alcohols Esther, Montawa Fatty acid ester-based lubricants such as esters or partial hydrolyzate thereof long chain box type; higher alcohols or branched higher alcohols such as stearyl alcohol; C 16 Liquid paraffin, microcrystalline wax, natural paraffin, synthetic paraffin, polyolefin wax and partial oxides thereof, or aliphatic hydrocarbon lubricants such as fluoride and chloride; silicon oil, soybean oil, coconut oil, balm kernel Oils such as oil, linseed oil, rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil, tung oil, castor oil, beef tallow, squalane, lanolin, hydrogenated oil; carboxylates such as N-acyl amino acid salts, alkyl ether carboxylates, acylated peptides; alkyls Sulfonates such as sulfonates, alkylbenzenes and alkylnaphthalenesulfonates, sulfosuccinates, α-olefin sulfonates, N-acylsulfonates; sulfated oils, alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, alkyls Allyl ether sulfate, alkylamide sulfate Sulfate ester salts; phosphate salts such as alkyl phosphates, alkyl ether phosphates, alkyl allyl ether phosphates; aliphatic amine salts, aliphatic quaternary ammonium salts, benzalkonium salts, benzethonium chloride, pyridinium Cationic surfactants such as salts and imidazolinium salts; amphoteric surfactants such as carboxybetaine type, aminocarboxylate, imidazolinium betaine and lecithin; polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene secondary alcohol ethers, Polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene sterol ether, polyoxyethylene lanolin derivative, ethylene oxide derivatives such as alkylphenol formalin condensate, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polymer, polyoxyethylene Siethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene glycerin fatty acid ester,
Polyoxyethylene castor oil and hydrogenated castor oil, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitol fatty acid ester, polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester, fatty acid monoglyceride, polyglycerin fatty acid ester, polyglycerin fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, fatty acid alkanolamide, poly Nonionic surfactants such as oxyethylene fatty acid ester amide, polyoxyethylene alkylamine, alkylamine oxide, etc .; fluorinated surfactants; polyoxyethylene allyl glycidyl nonyl phenyl ether, silane coupling agents, titanate coupling agents, etc. Reactive surfactants: Fibrin compounds such as hydroxyethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, etc. They are used singly or in combination of two or more. Among these, fatty acids and fatty acid esters are preferable because they are inexpensive and have a high dispersion effect. The surface treatment method is not particularly limited, and can be either wet or dry.
Furthermore, by adding and mixing a fluidity aid to the hydrophobicity imparting agent, the fluidity of the heavy calcium carbonate itself and the dispersibility of the heavy calcium carbonate in the thermoplastic resin are improved.
The flow aid has a BET specific surface area of 10 to 800 m. 3 A fine particle powder having an average particle size of 1/10 or less of the average particle size of the heavy calcium carbonate of the present invention in the range of / g is preferred.
Specific examples of the flow aid used in the present invention include talc, anhydrous silicic acid, bentonite, kaolin, magnesium oxide, magnesium carbonate, magnesium silicate, zinc oxide, magnesium hydroxide, colloidal silica, diatomaceous earth, magnesium stearate. , Fumed silica, fused silica, silica, starch, starch, calcium silicate and the like, and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, anhydrous silicic acid, colloidal silica, fumed silica, and fused silica are preferable in that the fluidity improving effect of the heavy calcium carbonate of the present invention is high. The amount of flow aid added is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 5% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 4% by weight, based on heavy calcium carbonate. If it is less than 0.01% by weight, the fluidity improving effect is insufficient, and if it exceeds 5% by weight, the fluidity imparting effect is obtained, but the thermoplastic resin additive for erasing of the present invention is added to the thermoplastic resin. When it does, there exists a tendency which reduces the total light transmittance of a thermoplastic resin, and it is unpreferable. The flow aid is added to the hydrophobicity imparting agent and surface-treated to heavy calcium carbonate.
The frosting thermoplastic resin additive of the present invention is added to a thermoplastic resin such as (meth) acrylic resin, styrene resin, polycarbonate resin, polyester resin, vinyl chloride resin, ABS resin, etc., and lighting through various molding processes. Used for appliance covers, lighting signs, various displays, gurzing, signs, etc.
The amount of the thermoplastic resin additive for matting cannot be specified unconditionally depending on the type of thermoplastic resin, desired total light transmittance, antiglare property, gloss, etc., but is generally 0 for 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin. The range of 5 to 5 parts by weight is appropriate. If the thermoplastic resin additive for matting is less than 0.5 parts by weight, the additive effects such as matting and antiglare properties are not sufficiently exhibited. On the other hand, if it exceeds 5 parts by weight, the resin composition Total light transmittance, impact resistance, elongation, strength, workability, etc. are reduced.
When the thermoplastic resin additive for matting of the present invention is added to the above resin, it is used alone or in combination with another light diffusing agent in accordance with the purpose and purpose.
The frosting thermoplastic resin additive of the present invention also has the effect as a light diffusing agent in addition to the matting property, and when added alone to the above resin, it gives a good matting property, Although transparency and anti-glare properties are imparted at the same time, there are cases where it is not always sufficient to meet the recent needs with a wide variety of preferences. In such a case, it is desirable to use it together with a light diffusing agent, whereby the total light transmittance, antiglare property and gloss can be adjusted.
As light diffusing agents, calcium carbonate, antimony trioxide, antimony pentoxide, barium sulfate, basic magnesium carbonate, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, zinc borate, quartz, crystalline silica・ Amorphous silica, glass beads, lithium fluoride, calcium fluoride, talc, mica, zeolite, hydrotalcite, wollastonite, tobermonite, gyrolite, zonolite, tobermorite, dosonite, attapulgite, kaolin inorganic powder, and Examples thereof include transparent plastics such as (meth) acrylic resin, styrene resin, polycarbonate resin, and vinyl chloride resin, and organic substances such as cross-linked polymer, and these are used alone or in combination of two or more.
In addition, it is preferable to apply a surface treatment agent and a fluidity aid applied to heavy calcium carbonate as appropriate to the light diffusing agent according to the purpose and purpose.
The above light diffusing agents may be those usually used, but their sieve passing side cumulative 50% diameter F is 0.5 ≦ F ≦ 20, preferably 1 ≦ F ≦ 10, more preferably 3 ≦ F. Those of ≦ 7 are preferably used in order to more effectively exhibit the erasing property, total light transmittance, and antiglare property of the thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention. In particular, a light diffusing agent composed of synthetic calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, glass beads, and silica that satisfies the above conditions is preferably used. Among them, the synthetic calcium carbonate exhibits desired total light transmittance and antiglare properties due to its hexahedral shape. It is most suitable because it is easy to set and easy to set.
The ratio of the light diffusing agent and the erasing thermoplastic resin additive is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 10 in terms of the weight ratio of the former to the latter. If it is less than 0.1, the effect of adding a light diffusing agent is insufficient, and if it exceeds 10, the antiglare property increases, but the total light transmittance decreases, and it is necessary to increase the energy of the light source to obtain the desired brightness. Is not preferable.
Hereinafter, the (meth) acrylic resin composition will be described as an example in more detail.
The (meth) acrylic resin used in the present invention may be a normal (meth) acrylic resin, for example, a homopolymer of methyl methacrylate or 50% by weight or more of methyl methacrylate and other vinyl monomers. Any of the copolymers may be used.
Examples of the vinyl monomer include ethyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, phenyl methacrylate, benzyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, methacrylate esters such as acrylic Acrylic esters such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, phenyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 2-hydroxylethyl acrylate, methacrylic acid, acrylic acid, etc. Saturated acids, styrene, α-methylstyrene, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, maleic anhydride, phenylmaleimide, cyclohexylmaleimide, etc. are mentioned, and these are used alone or in combination of two or more. Used.
The copolymer may contain a glutaric anhydride unit or a glutarimide unit, and further may be a homopolymer or a copolymer blended with a diene rubber, an acrylic rubber or the like.
The (meth) acrylic resin composition of the present invention is the above-described (meth) acrylic resin, the matting thermoplastic resin additive of the present invention, or the matting thermoplastic resin additive of the present invention and the light diffusing agent described above. Is obtained.
The amount of the matting thermoplastic resin additive of the present invention to be added to the (meth) acrylic resin is appropriately selected depending on the wrinkle, total light transmittance and antiglare property of the target resin composition, It is desirable to use 0.5 to 5 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 4 parts by weight, and more preferably 1.5 to 3 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the (meth) acrylic resin. If the addition amount of the thermoplastic resin additive for erasing exceeds 5 parts by weight, the total light transmittance, impact resistance, and elongation of the resulting resin composition are lowered, and brightness and brightness when used for lighting covers, etc. Not only is the strength insufficient, but the transmitted light is colored and the desired physical properties cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when the addition amount is less than 0.5 parts by weight, it is not preferable because sufficient erasability or the like cannot be imparted to the obtained resin composition, and the object of the present invention cannot be achieved.
The addition amount of the light diffusing agent added to the (meth) acrylic resin together with the matting thermoplastic resin additive of the present invention is the gloss, total light transmittance, and antiglare property of the target resin composition. The total amount of the matting thermoplastic resin additive of the present invention and the light diffusing agent is 0.5 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the (meth) acrylic resin, Preferably it is 1-4 weight part, More preferably, the range of 1.5-3 weight part is desirable.
If the total addition amount exceeds 5 parts by weight, the total light transmittance, impact resistance, and elongation of the resulting resin will be reduced, and not only will the brightness and strength be insufficient when used for lighting covers, etc., but also the transmission. The light is colored and the desired physical properties cannot be obtained, which is not preferable. Moreover, when the total addition amount is less than 0.5 part by weight, it is not preferable because sufficient matting properties and antiglare properties cannot be imparted to the obtained resin composition, and the object of the present invention is not achieved.
The blending / mixing method of the (meth) acrylic resin and the matting thermoplastic resin additive of the present invention or the light diffusing agent added in combination with the matting thermoplastic resin additive of the present invention is a commonly used method. Although it does not specifically limit without a problem, For example, after mixing and stirring with mixers, such as a Henschel mixer and a tumbler, it pelletizes with a normal extruder, The matte (meth) acrylic resin composition of this invention is obtained.
In the above method, when the matting thermoplastic resin additive and the light diffusing agent of the present invention are used in combination, the matting thermoplastic resin additive and the light diffusing agent are added to the resin and pelletized at the same time. Alternatively, after separately adding to the resin and pelletizing, both pellets may be melt-kneaded again and pelletized with an extruder.
A thermoplastic resin composition comprising a polystyrene resin, a polycarbonate resin, and a polyester resin can also be obtained in the same manner as the above (meth) acrylic resin.
As a method for producing a lighting cover or the like having erasability, a method of processing the sheet of the resin composition of the present invention so that the surface of the sheet is smooth using a vented extrusion device is generally used. Depending on the application and physical properties, the sheet of the resin composition of the present invention is laminated on a sheet of an acrylic resin, polycarbonate resin, vinyl chloride resin, ABS resin, etc. that does not contain a matting agent or light diffusing agent, thereby achieving a desired lighting cover Etc., and if necessary, the surface of the obtained resin plate can be processed into a mat.
The thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention comprises other additives generally used in the resin, such as pigments, dyes such as optical brighteners, bluing agents, various stabilizers, antioxidants, processing aids, charging agents. You may contain various additives, such as an inhibitor.
According to the present invention, by using the erasing thermoplastic resin additive of the present invention, the additive does not aggregate in the thermoplastic resin composition, and contains coarse / aggregated particles and fine particles. Therefore, it does not impair the impact resistance, elongation, surface smoothness, and appearance of lighting covers obtained by molding the thermoplastic resin. In addition, it is possible to impart erasability.
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. However, it is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to these examples.
In addition, the measuring method of each characteristic value is shown below.
<Particle size distribution>
Heavy calcium carbonate or 5 g of light diffusing agent is suspended in 50 cc of methanol and then dispersed for 60 seconds with an ultrasonic disperser (manufactured by Nippon Seiki Seisakusho: US-300T). The methanol suspension is laser-type particle size distribution analyzer ( Measurement was performed using Nikkiso Co., Ltd. (Microtrac FRA).
<Specific surface area of powder>
It measured using the constant pressure ventilation type powder specific surface area measuring apparatus (made by Shimadzu Corporation).
<Total light transmittance>
According to ASTM D-1003-61T, measurement was performed with an integrating sphere type HTR meter.
<Light diffusivity>
The value obtained by dividing the average of the light intensity transmitted at an angle of 20 ° and 70 ° measured by a goniometer (HR-100 model manufactured by Murakami Color Research Laboratory Co., Ltd.) by the light intensity transmitted at an angle of 5 ° is expressed as a percentage. Asked. This light diffusivity was used as an index of antiglare property.
<Smoothness (surface irregularity)>
The light diffusing plastic was visually observed and evaluated in five stages according to the following evaluation criteria.
5 points: Unevenness on the surface is not visible and smooth.
4 points: A slight unevenness is slightly observed on a part of the surface, but there is no problem in practical use.
3 points: Slight irregularities are observed on the entire surface, but there is no practical problem.
Two points: Minute irregularities are recognized on the entire surface, and some coarse irregularities are recognized, which is problematic in practical use.
One point: Coarse irregularities are observed on the entire surface, which is very problematic in practical use.
<Surface gloss>
A 60-degree specular surface was measured using a gloss meter GM-26D manufactured by Murakami Color Research Laboratory, and used as a matting index.
<Izod impact strength>
The obtained resin plate was measured according to ASTM D256.
<Comprehensive evaluation>
A five-step evaluation was performed according to the following evaluation criteria.
A: Matting property, total light transmittance, anti-glare property, resin strength, and smoothness of the resin plate are very good, and it is optimal as a matte lighting cover.
B: Good erasability, total light transmittance, anti-glare property, resin strength, smoothness of resin plate, and suitable for erasable lighting cover.
C: The mattness, total light transmittance, antiglare property, resin strength, and smoothness of the resin plate are relatively good, and can be used as a matte lighting cover.
D: Any of the matte property, total light transmittance, antiglare property, resin strength, and smoothness of the resin plate is defective, and there is a practical impediment to use as a matte illumination cover.
E: Any one of erasability, total light transmittance, anti-glare property, resin strength, and smoothness of the resin plate is poor, and is not practical for use as an erasable lighting cover.
Examples 1-6
White sugar crystalline limestone is crushed and classified, and the sieve passing side cumulative 50% diameter A shown in Table 1, the sieve passing side cumulative percentage B of the particle diameter ½ of the sieve passing side cumulative 50% diameter, and the sieve passing side cumulative A value C obtained by dividing 90% diameter by 10% diameter, a value D obtained by dividing 75% diameter accumulated on the sieve passing side by 25% diameter, maximum particle diameter E, and constant pressure aeration type powder specific surface area Sw. Heavy calcium carbonate powder was prepared, and a thermoplastic resin additive for matting was obtained.
In addition, as a result of observing the obtained powder by the SEM photograph, it was an other side body (hexahedral or more).
Examples 7-10
Hydrophobic property imparting agent α is added to heavy calcium carbonate of Example 6 with respect to 100 parts by weight of heavy calcium carbonate powder and heated and mixed with a Henschel mixer to obtain a thermoplastic resin additive for matting. It was.
Examples 11-14
The flow aid β was added to heavy calcium carbonate of Example 10 with respect to 100 parts by weight of heavy calcium carbonate, and heated and mixed with a Henschel mixer to obtain a matting thermoplastic resin additive.
Example 15
In the heavy calcium carbonate of Example 4, 3.9 parts by weight of stearic acid as a hydrophobicity imparting agent α is added to 100 parts by weight of heavy calcium carbonate, and the particle size range is further increased by using a flow aid. 2 parts by weight of 0.005 to 0.05 μm of fumed silica was added to 100 parts by weight of heavy calcium carbonate, and the mixture was heated and mixed with a Henschel mixer to obtain a frosting thermoplastic resin additive.
Figure 0004738687
Comparative Examples 1-5
White sugar crystalline limestone is pulverized and classified, and the sieve passing side cumulative 50% diameter A shown in Table 2, the sieve passing side cumulative percentage B of the particle diameter ½ of the sieve passing side cumulative 50% diameter, and the sieve passing side cumulative A value C obtained by dividing 90% diameter by 10% diameter, a value D obtained by dividing 75% diameter accumulated on the sieve passing side by 25% diameter, maximum particle diameter E, and constant pressure aeration type powder specific surface area Sw. Heavy calcium carbonate powder was prepared, and a thermoplastic resin additive for matting was obtained.
In addition, as a result of observing the obtained powder by the SEM photograph, it was an other side body (hexahedral or more).
Comparative Example 6
Synthetic calcium carbonate shown in Example 4 of JP-A-10-130020 was prepared and used as a matting thermoplastic resin additive. Table 2 shows A, B, C, D, and E of the synthetic calcium carbonate.
Comparative Example 7
Commercially available fused silica was classified, and fused silica satisfying the conditions of A, B, C, D and E in Table 2 was used as a matting thermoplastic resin additive.
Figure 0004738687
Examples 16 to 23, Comparative Examples 8 to 11
100 parts by weight of a methyl methacrylate partial copolymer (styrene copolymerization ratio 18% by weight, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd .: Sumibex-EXA) is blended with M 'parts by weight of a thermoplastic resin additive M for matting. , Mixed and stirred for 60 seconds at a high speed with a Henschel mixer, and then extruded into a sheet with a 65 mmφ vented extruder and a coat hanger die with a die width of 600 mm at a resin temperature of 250 ° C. Processing was performed to obtain a sample plate having a thickness of 2 mm.
Table 3 shows characteristic values and comprehensive evaluation related to the optical characteristics of the obtained sample plate.
Figure 0004738687
Examples 24 and 25
Methyl methacrylate partial copolymer (Styrene copolymerization rate 18%, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd .: Sumibex-EXA) 100 parts by weight, erasing thermoplastic resin additives M and N (light diffusing agent) respectively. After mixing with M 'and N' parts by weight, mixing and stirring at high speed for 60 seconds with a Henschel mixer and thoroughly dispersing, sheet-like resin with a 65 mmφ vented extruder and a coat hanger die with a die width of 600 mm at a resin temperature of 250 ° C. And processed into a plate shape with a polishing three roll to obtain a sample plate having a thickness of 2 mm.
Table 4 shows the characteristic values and comprehensive evaluation related to the optical characteristics of the obtained sample plate.
Figure 0004738687
Examples 26-33, Comparative Examples 12-15
To 100 parts by weight of a polyester resin (Dai Nippon Ink Chemical Co., Ltd .: CR3500), add 2 parts by weight of the matting thermoplastic resin additive of Examples 1, 6, 15 and Comparative Examples 1, 2, 6, and 7. Blended and evenly dispersed with a tumbler. A sample plate having a thickness of 2 mm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 8.
Table 5 shows the characteristic values and comprehensive evaluation related to the optical characteristics of the obtained samples.
Figure 0004738687
Examples 34 and 35
Matte thermoplastic resin additives M and N (light diffusing agent) are added to 100 parts by weight of a methyl methacrylate partial copolymer (styrene copolymerization ratio 18% by weight, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd .: Sumibex-EXA). M ′ and N ′ parts by weight were blended, mixed and stirred at a high speed for 60 seconds with a Henschel mixer and sufficiently dispersed, and then a sample plate having a thickness of 2 mm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 8.
Table 6 shows the characteristic values and comprehensive evaluation related to the optical characteristics of the obtained sample plate.
Figure 0004738687
Examples 36-43, Comparative Examples 16-19
M ′ part by weight of a matting thermoplastic resin additive M was blended with 100 parts by weight of a polycarbonate resin (Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation: Novalex 7030) and dispersed uniformly with a tumbler.
A sample plate having a thickness of 2 mm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 8.
Table 7 shows the characteristic values and comprehensive evaluation related to the optical characteristics of the samples below.
Figure 0004738687
Examples 44 and 45
M ′ and N ′ parts by weight of the erasing thermoplastic resin additives M and N were blended with 100 parts by weight of a polycarbonate resin (Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation: Novalex 7030), respectively, and uniformly dispersed with a tumbler.
A sample plate having a thickness of 2 mm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 8.
Table 8 shows the characteristic values and comprehensive evaluation related to the optical characteristics of the obtained sample plate.
Figure 0004738687
Industrial applicability
As described above, the thermoplastic resin additive for matting of the present invention is blended in a thermoplastic resin, and can provide a thermoplastic resin composition excellent in matting property, antiglare property and total light transmittance. It is useful for applications such as lighting covers, lighting signs, various displays, gurzing, signs, etc.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an electron micrograph (500 times) of synthetic calcium carbonate, which is a conventional light diffusing agent.
FIG. 2 is an electron micrograph (500 times) of heavy calcium carbonate, which is the frosting thermoplastic resin additive of the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows a typical particle size distribution of heavy calcium carbonate, which is the matting thermoplastic resin additive of the present invention.
FIG. 4 shows a typical particle size distribution of common heavy calcium carbonate.

Claims (10)

下記式(1)〜(5)の粒度分布構成を満足する重質炭酸カルシウムからなることを特徴とする艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤。
2≦A≦30 (1)
0≦B≦25 (2)
1≦C≦25 (3)
1≦D≦3 (4)
E≦100 (5)
但し、
A:レーザー式流度分布計(マイクロトラックFRA)で測定して得られる重質炭酸カルシウムの篩通過側累積50%径〔μm〕
B:レーザー式流度分布計(マイクロトラックFRA)で測定して得られる重質炭酸カルシウムの篩通過側累積50%径の1/2の粒子径の篩通過側累積パーセント〔%〕
C:レーザー式流度分布計(マイクロトラックFRA)で測定して得られる重質炭酸カルシウムの篩通過側累積90%径を10%径で除算した値〔−〕
D:レーザー式流度分布計(マイクロトラックFRA)で測定して得られる重質炭酸カルシウムの篩通過側累積75%径を25%径で除算した値〔−〕
E:レーザー式流度分布計(マイクロトラックFRA)で測定して得られる重質炭酸カルシウムの最大粒子径〔μm〕。
A matte thermoplastic resin additive comprising heavy calcium carbonate satisfying the particle size distribution structure of the following formulas (1) to (5).
2 ≦ A ≦ 30 (1)
0 ≦ B ≦ 25 (2)
1 ≦ C ≦ 25 (3)
1 ≦ D ≦ 3 (4)
E ≦ 100 (5)
However,
A: Sieve passage side cumulative 50% diameter [μm] of heavy calcium carbonate obtained by measurement with a laser flow rate distribution meter (Microtrac FRA)
B: Cumulative percentage on the sieve passage side with a particle diameter ½ of 50% diameter on the sieve passage side of heavy calcium carbonate obtained by measurement with a laser flow rate distribution meter (Microtrac FRA) [%]
C: Value obtained by dividing the cumulative 90% diameter of heavy calcium carbonate obtained by measuring with a laser flow rate distribution meter (Microtrac FRA) by the 10% diameter [−]
D: Value obtained by dividing the cumulative 75% diameter on the sieve passing side of heavy calcium carbonate obtained by measurement with a laser flow rate distribution meter (Microtrac FRA) by the 25% diameter [-]
E: Maximum particle diameter [μm] of heavy calcium carbonate obtained by measurement with a laser flow rate distribution meter (Microtrac FRA).
重質炭酸カルシウムの恒圧通気式粉体比表面積Swが2000〜15000cm/gである請求項1記載の艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤。 2. The matte thermoplastic resin additive according to claim 1, wherein the constant pressure aeration type powder specific surface area Sw of heavy calcium carbonate is 2000 to 15000 cm 2 / g. 重質炭酸カルシウムを重質炭酸カルシウム100重量部に対し0.01〜5重量部の疎水性付与剤で表面処理してなる請求項1又は2記載の艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤。The matte thermoplastic resin additive according to claim 1 or 2, wherein heavy calcium carbonate is surface-treated with 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of a hydrophobicity imparting agent with respect to 100 parts by weight of heavy calcium carbonate. 疎水性付与剤に、重質炭酸カルシウム100重量部に対し0.01〜5重量部の流動性助剤を添加してなる請求項3記載の艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤。The matte thermoplastic resin additive according to claim 3, wherein 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of a flow aid is added to the hydrophobicity imparting agent with respect to 100 parts by weight of heavy calcium carbonate. 熱可塑性樹脂に、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の艷消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤を配合したことを特徴とする熱可塑性樹脂組成物。A thermoplastic resin composition comprising the thermoplastic resin additive for erasing according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in a thermoplastic resin. 艷消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤の配合量が、熱可塑性樹脂100重量部に対し0.5〜5重量部である請求項5記載の熱可塑性樹脂組成物。The thermoplastic resin composition according to claim 5, wherein the amount of the glazing thermoplastic resin additive is 0.5 to 5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin. 熱可塑性樹脂に、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の艷消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤と光拡散剤とを配合したことを特徴とする熱可塑性樹脂組成物。A thermoplastic resin composition comprising the thermoplastic resin additive for erasing according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and a light diffusing agent in a thermoplastic resin. 光拡散剤が、下記式(6)の条件を満たす合成炭酸カルシウム・硫酸バリウム・ガラスビーズ・シリカから選択される少なくとも1種である請求項7記載の熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
0.05≦F≦10.0 (6)
但し、
F:レーザー式流度分布計(マイクロトラックFRA)で測定して得られる光拡散剤の篩通過側累積50%径〔μm〕
The thermoplastic resin composition according to claim 7, wherein the light diffusing agent is at least one selected from synthetic calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, glass beads, and silica that satisfy the following formula (6).
0.05 ≦ F ≦ 10.0 (6)
However,
F: Cumulative passage side 50% diameter [μm] of light diffusing agent obtained by laser flow rate distribution meter (Microtrac FRA)
艷消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤と光拡散剤の合計配合量が熱可塑性樹脂100重量部に対し0.5〜5重量部である請求項7又は8記載の熱可塑性樹脂組成物。The thermoplastic resin composition according to claim 7 or 8, wherein a total blending amount of the erasing thermoplastic resin additive and the light diffusing agent is 0.5 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin. 艶消し用熱可塑性樹脂添加剤に対する光拡散剤の割合が重量比率で0.1〜10である請求項7〜9のいずれか1項に記載の熱可塑性樹脂組成物。The thermoplastic resin composition according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the ratio of the light diffusing agent to the matting thermoplastic resin additive is 0.1 to 10 by weight.
JP2001530406A 1999-10-13 2000-10-12 Thermoplastic resin additive for matting and thermoplastic resin composition containing the same Expired - Fee Related JP4738687B2 (en)

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JP2002328208A (en) * 2001-04-26 2002-11-15 Keiwa Inc Light-diffusing sheet and back light unit using the same
JP5176826B2 (en) * 2008-09-26 2013-04-03 凸版印刷株式会社 Antiglare film, method for producing the same, and transmissive liquid crystal display
HUE025228T2 (en) * 2010-02-19 2016-02-29 Lg Chemical Ltd Coating layer for an antiglare film, and an antiglare film comprising the same
JP6854777B2 (en) 2015-12-11 2021-04-07 株式会社ユポ・コーポレーション Polyolefin stretched porous film

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JPH10130020A (en) * 1996-10-25 1998-05-19 Maruo Calcium Co Ltd Production of cubic calcium carbonate having controlled particle diameter
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JPH1160923A (en) * 1997-08-27 1999-03-05 Tokyo Ink Kk Resin composition for molding illuminator

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