JP4733442B2 - Miwa management machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a three-wheel management machine that is attached to a machine body so as to be swingable in the machine body width direction and that can adjust a rear wheel tread in accordance with a furrow.

  In order to perform operations such as cultivation and weeding, the management machine is equipped with various working machines and performs various farming operations such as cultivation and weeding while running between the furrows. During farm work, the tread of the management machine, which is the distance between the left and right wheels, may be adjusted according to the ridge width, crop cultivation width, and the like.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is known a management machine in which a crawler frame is moved to the left and right with respect to the machine body so that the tread width can be adjusted (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP-A-8-80104 (FIG. 2)

Patent document 1 is demonstrated based on the following figure.
FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining a basic configuration of a conventional technique. A management machine 100 includes a machine body 101 and crawler frames 102 and 102 that are provided on the left and right sides of the machine body 101 so as to be extendable.
The crawler frame 102 includes a plurality of rollers 103... 103 (... indicates a plurality. The same applies hereinafter) and a crawler 104 wound around the rollers 103. , 104. Then, the crawlers 104 and 104 are driven by the drive sprockets 105 and 105.

  A guide frame 106 is provided on the machine body 101 side, a slide frame 107 is provided on the crawler frames 102 and 102 side, and the slide frame 107 is fitted to the guide frame 106 so as to be extendable. Then, the crawler frames 107 and 107 are expanded and contracted in the width direction with respect to the machine body 101, and between the drive shafts 108 and 108 and the sprocket shafts 109 and 109 are expanded and contracted in the width direction. ) Make adjustments.

  However, since the crawler frames 102 and 102 and the drive shafts 108 and 108 are configured to expand and contract with respect to the machine body 101, the driving force transmission means including the drive shafts 108 and 108 have a complicated structure and increase in weight.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a technique capable of simplifying a driving force transmission means from an engine to a driving wheel in a management machine capable of adjusting a tread width.

  The invention according to claim 1 is a three-wheel management machine in which a rear wheel is attached to a machine body so as to be swingable in the machine body width direction, and the rear wheel tread can be adjusted according to the gap. The output of the engine mounted on the fuselage is supplied to the rear wheel after being shifted by the fluid transmission, and the input shaft of the fluid transmission passes through the swing point of the rear wheel and the fluid transmission swings together with the rear wheel. The fluid transmission is arranged to move.

  The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the fluid transmission is disposed directly above the rear wheel.

  In the first aspect of the invention, the fluid transmission is arranged so that the input shaft of the fluid transmission passes through the swing point of the rear wheel and the fluid transmission swings together with the rear wheel. Both the distance to the input shaft and the distance from the output shaft of the fluid transmission to the rear wheel do not change. As a result, the structure of the driving force transmission means from the engine to the rear wheels can be simplified.

In the invention according to claim 2, since the fluid transmission is arranged right above the rear wheel, the fluid transmission can be made difficult to get dirty when mud or the like jumps up.
In addition, the fluid transmission dissipates heat as it is used, but the heat dissipating effect of the fluid transmission that dissipates heat can be enhanced by disposing it directly above the rear wheel with good ventilation.

The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, front / rear, left / right, and upper / lower are determined based on the passenger sitting on the passenger seat. The drawings are viewed in the direction of the reference numerals.
FIG. 1 is a side view of a three-wheel management machine according to the present invention. A three-wheel management machine 10 includes a front wheel frame 12 that can be steered left and right at a front portion of an airframe 11 formed of a steel frame and a steel plate. A front wheel 13 is provided below 12, an electric motor 14 that drives the front wheel 13 is provided substantially at the center of the front wheel frame 12, and a work machine 15 that performs various operations such as sowing, plowing, and weeding is raised and lowered behind the front wheel frame 12. A driver's seat 17 on which an occupant sits is provided behind the working machine 15 so as to be movable up and down via a mechanism 16, and rear wheels 18L and 18R serving as driving wheels are shown below the driver's seat 17 (only the left rear wheel 18L is shown). ) And fluid transmissions 22L and 22R (only the left fluid transmission 22L is shown) above the rear wheels 18L and 18R (only the left rear wheel 18L is shown). The An agricultural machine of the two front wheels after one wheel - to obtain.

  Reference numeral 23 is a steering handle for the front wheel 13, 24 and 24 are steering rods interposed between the handle 23 and the front wheel frame 12, 25 is a steering shaft for the front wheel 13, 26 is a silencer, and 27 is a lifting cylinder.

A work machine shaft 31 is disposed in the lower part of the machine body 11 in the front-rear direction, a relay shaft 32 is connected to the front portion of the work machine shaft 31, and an input shaft 33 of the work machine 15 is attached to the relay shaft 32. Power transmission between the rear output shaft 34 of the engine 21 and the work machine shaft 31 is performed by a pair of pulleys 35 and 36 attached to the shafts 34 and 31 and a belt 37 wound around the pulleys 35 and 36. It is. Universal joints 38 and 39 are provided before and after the relay shaft 32.
The drive system for the rear wheels 18L and 18R (only the left rear wheel 18L is shown) will be described in the next figure.

  FIG. 2 is a principle diagram of the drive system of the three-wheel management machine according to the present invention. The output of the engine 21 includes the drive power of the rear wheels 18L and 18R, the drive power for driving the work machine 15, and the power to the generator 87. This is the sum of the inputs. However, if the electromagnetic clutches 88 and 89 are disengaged, the power of the engine 21 can be entirely used to drive the generator 87. All the power generated by the generator 87 is stored in the battery 91.

The fluid transmissions 22L and 22R are generally called HST (Hydrotic Transmission) and incorporate a variable displacement swash plate type hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor, and generate hydraulic pressure by driving the hydraulic pump with the input shafts 69L and 69R. The oil having this hydraulic pressure is supplied to the hydraulic motor to rotate the hydraulic motor and output it to the output shafts 71L and 71R of the fluid transmissions 22L and 22R. By changing the inclination angle of the swash plate from the outside, The output shafts 71L and 71R can be accelerated, decelerated, forwardly rotated, stopped, and reversely rotated while the input shafts 69L and 69R are rotated at a constant speed.
In this embodiment, the swash plate is indirectly controlled by the control motors 92L and 92R.

  FIG. 3 is a rear view of the three-wheel management machine according to the invention. Arm members 41L and 41R are extended from the airframe 11 to the left and right, and the fluid transmissions 22L and 22R are swingably attached to the arm members 41L and 41R. The rear wheel frames 42L and 42R are attached downward from the fluid transmissions 22L and 22R, the rear wheels 18L and 18R are rotatably attached to the rear wheel frames 42L and 42R, and below the rear wheel frames 42L and 42R, Inclination adjusting portions 43L and 43R for adjusting the inclination of the rear wheel frames 42L and 42R are provided.

  Hereinafter, rear wheel driving units 65L and 65R as driving force transmitting means for transmitting driving force from the rear output shaft 34 of the engine 21 to the rear wheels 18L and 18R, and an inclination adjusting unit for adjusting the inclination of the rear wheel frames 42L and 42R. The configuration of 43L and 43R will be described in detail.

  First, the rear wheel drive units 65L and 65R are attached to the output pulleys 65L and 65R on the front output shaft 64 of the engine 21 to transmit the driving force of the engine 21 to the fluid transmissions 22L and 22R. The input pulleys 67L and 67R are attached to the input shafts 69L and 69R of the 22R, and the cog belts 68L and 68R, which are toothed belts, are wound around the output pulleys 65L and 65R and the input pulleys 67L and 67R, and the fluid transmission 22L In order to transmit the driving force of 22R to the rear wheels 18L, 18R, drive sprockets 72L, 72R are attached to the output shafts 71L, 71R of the fluid transmissions 22L, 22R, and the driven sprockets 74L, 74R are attached to the rear wheel axles 73L, 73R. Installation, chain 75 between drive sprockets 72L, 72R and driven sprockets 74L, 74R , Formed by turning over the 75R.

  The output of the engine 21 mounted on the machine body 11 is supplied to the rear wheels 18L and 18R after being shifted by the fluid transmissions 22L and 22R. At this time, the fluid transmissions 22L and 22R have fluids such that the input shafts 69L and 69R pass through the swing points 76L and 76R of the rear wheels 18L and 18R, and the fluid transmissions 22L and 22R swing with the rear wheels 18L and 18R. Transmissions 22L and 22R are arranged.

  Fluid transmission 22L such that input shafts 69L and 69R of fluid transmissions 22L and 22R pass through swing points 76L and 76R of rear wheels 18L and 18R, and fluid transmissions 22L and 22R swing with rear wheels 18L and 18R. 22R, the distance from the engine 21 to the input shafts 69L and 69R of the fluid transmissions 22L and 22R and the distance from the output shafts 71L and 71R of the fluid transmissions 22L and 22R to the rear wheels 18L and 18R both change. do not do. As a result, it is possible to simplify the structure of the rear wheel drive units 65L and 65R as a driving force transmission means from the engine 21 to the rear wheels 18L and 18R.

  Next, the inclination adjusting units 43L and 43R will be described. The inclination adjusting units 43L and 43R include the adjustment plates 44L and 44R, and the upper arms 54L and 54R attached downward from the adjustment plates 44L and 44R via the pins 53L and 53R. And the inner arms 56L, 56R extending from the lower ends of these upper arms 54L, 54R to the body 11 via the pins 55L, 55R, and similarly, from the lower ends of these upper arms 54L, 54R via the pins 55L, 55R, And outer arms 57L and 57R extending toward the rear wheel frames 42L and 42R.

  Then, the adjustment plates 44L and 44R are attached to the airframe 11 via the fixing bolts 51L and 51R and the fixing nuts 52L and 52R, and the other ends of the inner arms 56L and 56R are attached to the airframe 11 via the pins 58L and 58R. The other ends of the outer arms 57L and 57R are attached to the rear wheel frames 42L and 42R via pins 59L and 59R.

  Further, upper holes 45, 45, middle holes 46, 46, and lower holes 47, 47 are opened on the left and right of the machine body 11 from above, and these upper holes 45, 45, middle holes 46, 46 or lower holes are opened. By inserting the fixing bolts 51L and 51R into either 47 or 47 and tightening with the fixing nuts 52L and 52R, the adjustment plates 44L and 44R are attached so as to be adjustable up and down.

  The adjustment plates 44L and 44R are attached to the left and right of the machine body 11 so as to be movable up and down, and these adjustment plates 44L and 44R are fixed to any one of the upper, middle and lower positions, and the inclination of the rear wheel frames 42L and 42R is increased. Can be adjusted. Details thereof will be described later.

The fluid transmissions 22L and 22R are disposed directly above the rear wheels 18L and 18R.
Since the fluid transmissions 22L and 22R are arranged directly above the rear wheels 18L and 18R, the fluid transmissions 22L and 22R can be made difficult to get dirty when mud or the like jumps up.

  In addition, the fluid transmissions 22L and 22R dissipate heat with use, but dissipate heat from the fluid transmissions 22L and 22R that dissipate heat by being disposed directly above the rear wheels 18L and 18R with good ventilation. The effect can be enhanced.

  4 is an enlarged view of four parts in FIG. 1. An arm member 41L extending from the body 11 is provided with a swing shaft 81L that is a swing point 76L of the rear wheel 18L (see FIG. 3). The fluid transmission 22L is disposed so as to be coaxial with the input shaft 69L of the fluid transmission 22L, and the rear wheel frame 42L extends downward from the fluid transmission 22L.

  A shaft holding member 82L is attached to the lower surface of the arm member 41L via fastening members 83, 83, and a swing shaft 81L is inserted into a hole formed in the shaft holding portion 82L, and both ends of the swing shaft 81L are connected to the bracket 84, 84, and by fixing these brackets 84, 84 to the fluid transmission 22L via the fastening members 85, 85, the arm member 41L is centered on the swing shaft 81L having the swing point 76L as the shaft center. In contrast, the fluid transmission 22L is swingably provided.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIG. 4, and the structure around the swing shaft 81L will be described.
A shaft holding member 82L is attached to the lower side of the shaft holding member 82L with a fastening member 83, a swing shaft 81L is inserted into the shaft holding member 82L, a bracket 84L around the swing shaft 81L, and a fluid to which the bracket 84L is attached. The transmission 22L and the rear wheel frame 42L attached to the fluid transmission 22L are attached so as to be swingable.
The left swing mechanism has been described above, but the right swing mechanism has the same structure as the left side, and the description thereof is omitted.

Next, the operation of the inclination adjusting unit described above will be described.
FIG. 6 is an operation diagram of the tilt adjustment unit, and the left adjustment unit among the left and right adjustment units will be described.
(A) The position of the adjustment plate 44L is set to the middle position, and a fixing bolt 51L and a fixing nut 52L (see FIG. 3) are inserted into the inner hole 46 to fix the adjustment plate 44L to the machine body 11, and the rear wheel frame 42L. And it shows that the rear wheel 18L is erect.

  (B), the adjustment plate 44L is moved upward by a distance δb from the position of (a), and a fixing bolt 51L and a fixing nut 52L (see FIG. 3) are inserted into the upper hole 45 to adjust the adjustment plate 44L to the machine body 11. Is fixed, and the rear wheel 18L is tilted inward by an angle θb around the swing point 76L.

  (C), the adjustment plate 44L is moved downward by a distance δc from the position of (a), and a fixing bolt 51L and a fixing nut 52L (see FIG. 3) are inserted into the lower hole 47, and the adjustment plate 44 is inserted into the machine body 11. 44L is fixed, and the rear wheel 18L is tilted outward by an angle θc around the swing point 76L.

In the present embodiment, the left-side inclination adjustment unit has been described, but the right-side inclination adjustment unit has the same structure, and the description thereof is omitted.
The adjustable distances δb and δc can be arbitrarily set. The number of holes opened on the left and right sides of the body 11 is three in the upper, middle, and lower sides, but may be five, seven, and nine, and the number can be arbitrarily set.

The operation of the three-wheel management machine will be described.
FIG. 7 is an operation diagram of the three-wheel management machine according to the present invention.
(A) is a figure corresponding to Fig.6 (a), the position of the adjustment plates 44L and 44R is fixed to a middle position according to the distance 2Ua between the ribs, and the rear wheel tread of the three-wheel management machine 10 is fixed. It shows that it matches 2Ua.

  (B) is a figure corresponding to FIG. 6 (b), the distance between the ridges is set to 2Ub (2Ub <2Ua), and the positions of the adjustment plates 44L and 44R are fixed to the upper positions, and the three-wheel management machine It shows that 10 rear wheel treads are adjusted to 2 Ub.

  (C) is a figure corresponding to FIG.6 (c), adjusts the position of the adjustment plates 44L and 44R to the lower position according to the distance between the ridges of 2Uc (2Ua <2Uc), and the three-wheel management machine. It shows that 10 rear wheel treads are adjusted to 2Uc.

  As described above, the rear wheels 18L and 18R are swung around the rocking points 76L and 76R (see FIG. 3), and the positions of the adjustment plates 44L and 44R are adjusted as appropriate, so that the rear wheels 18L and 18R are adjusted appropriately. A wheel tread can be set.

  Returning to FIG. 3, the output of the engine 21 mounted on the airframe 11 is shifted by the fluid transmissions 22L and 22R and then supplied to the rear wheels 18L and 18R, and the input shafts 69L and 69R of the fluid transmission are connected to the rear. Since the fluid transmissions 22L and 22R are disposed so as to pass through the rocking points 76L and 76R of the wheels, the output of the engine 21 is received by the input shafts 69L and 69R. In addition, since the output shafts 71L and 71R of the fluid transmissions 22L and 22R are arranged at right angles to the input shafts 69L and 69R, the output shafts 71L and 71R and the rear wheel axles 73L and 73R are configured in parallel. Even if the rear wheels 18L and 18R are swung in the body width direction around the swing points 76L and 76R, the parallelism between the rear wheel axles 73L and 73R and the output shafts 71L and 71R of the fluid transmissions 22L and 22R is maintained. The rear wheel axles 73L and 73R and the output shafts 71L and 71R remain parallel and do not twist.

Since there is no twist between the rear wheel axles 73L, 73R and the output shafts 71L, 71R, the load on the driving force transmission mechanism such as a belt can be greatly reduced, and fatigue due to the twist can be eliminated.
Further, since there is no twist between the rear wheel axles 73L, 73R and the output shafts 71L, 71R, the power transmission means between them is not limited to a belt or the like, and a chain, a gear train, or the like can be used. Therefore, it is possible to easily cope with an increase in transmission power, and it is possible to easily cope with an increase in the size of a management machine.

  Note that the three-wheel management machine according to the present invention is applied to a three-wheeled vehicle in the embodiment, but can also be applied to a four-wheeled vehicle and can be applied to a general vehicle.

  The present invention is suitable for a three-wheel management machine.

It is a side view of the three-wheel management machine concerning the present invention. It is a principle diagram of the drive system of the three-wheel management machine concerning this invention. It is a rear view of the three-wheel management machine concerning the present invention. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of part 4 of FIG. 1. FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIG. It is an effect | action figure of an inclination adjustment part. It is an operation view of the three-wheel management machine according to the present invention. It is a figure explaining the basic composition of the conventional technology.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Three-wheel management machine, 11 ... Airframe, 18L, 18R ... Rear wheel, 21 ... Engine, 22L, 22R ... Fluid transmission, 61 ... Spam, W ... Rear wheel tread, 69L, 69R ... Input shaft of fluid transmission, 76L, 76R: Swing points of the rear wheels.

Claims (2)

In the three-wheel management machine that attaches the rear wheel to the fuselage so as to be swingable in the fuselage width direction and can adjust the rear wheel tread according to the furrow,
In the three-wheel management machine, the output of the engine mounted on the airframe is supplied to the rear wheel after being shifted by the fluid transmission, and the input shaft of the fluid transmission passes through the swing point of the rear wheel. A three-wheel management machine, wherein the fluid transmission is arranged so that the fluid transmission swings with the rear wheel. The three-wheel management machine according to claim 1, wherein the fluid transmission is disposed directly above the rear wheel.

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