JP4730292B2 - Damping pendulum device and damping system comparison experience device using the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a damping pendulum device for transmitting a principle and image of a viscoelastic body used in a vibration control system of a vibration control house to absorb vibrations such as an earthquake to a customer, and a vibration control system comparison experience using the same. Relates to the device.

  Buildings built in Japan are designed to withstand earthquake shaking, taking into account the frequent occurrence of earthquakes in the Japanese climate. The following construction methods have been devised.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 14, there is an earthquake-resistant structure 104 that can withstand the shaking of an earthquake by reinforcing a space portion formed between a column 101 and a beam 102 with a brace 103. However, in the seismic structure 104 as shown in FIG. 14, by reinforcing as described above, the lower floors such as the first floor can withstand the earthquake shaking 105, but the shaking width is the distance from the ground. It grows approximately proportionally. For this reason, high-rise buildings cannot withstand earthquake shaking 105, and low-rise buildings are also subject to significant shaking, furniture falling, windowpanes breaking, etc. There is a possibility of injury, and the person inside the building may fall and be injured due to the shaking.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 15, a seismic isolation device 108, that is, a laminated rubber for absorbing the seismic shaking 105, or a sliding material installed just below the pillar is provided between the base portion 106 and the seismic isolation portion 107. By sliding on a steel plate that has been surface-treated with PTFE or the like, the base portion 106 that is shaken by the earthquake can be shaken by interposing a sliding bearing that prevents the earthquake swing 105 from being transmitted to the seismic isolation portion 107. A seismic isolation structure 109 that prevents transmission to the seismic isolation part 107 is given. However, seismic isolation houses are expensive because of the construction of the structure described above, and there are economic problems. Further, in the event of an earthquake, the seismic isolation portion 107 shown in FIG. 15 moves in the direction of the earthquake, so an extra space of about several tens of centimeters is required around the seismic isolation portion 107. Problems such as the need for periodic inspections to check whether the machine operates correctly occur.

  And in order to solve the problem of the seismic structure 104 and the seismic isolation structure 109 mentioned above, as shown in FIG. 16, the damping structure 110 is devised. That is, the damping structure 110 includes, for example, a substantially damper-like damping system 111 having a viscoelastic body inside a part of the bracing 103 used in the earthquake-resistant structure 104 in FIG. . As a result, it is possible to suppress the shaking of the building itself against the shaking 105 of the earthquake, and when these are installed in the building, it is less expensive than the seismic isolation structure 109 described above. Attention has been paid. (For example, Patent Document 1)

JP-A-2005-90101

  However, there are many opportunities to explain the principle of the seismic control system to customers when incorporating the seismic control system that constitutes the above-mentioned seismic control structure into a building. However, it was necessary for new employees to fully understand the principles of the vibration control system. However, it is impossible to understand the principle of the seismic control system just by looking at the real thing, and even if the principle can be understood, how the seismic control system suppresses the shaking of the earthquake, Also, it was difficult to imagine whether it would decay. In addition, a model of a full-scale building is created, and a large-scale experiment such as shaking the building with an earthquake generator is not performed every time it is explained, and the vibration control system is explained to customers, etc. It was difficult.

  The present invention has been made for the purpose of solving the various problems as described above, and does not require a large-scale facility, and does not require a large-scale experiment. The present invention relates to a damping pendulum device that allows the attached damping system to easily understand the principle and image of damping the shaking of the earthquake and a damping system comparison experience device using the same.

  In order to achieve the above object, the damped pendulum device according to claim 1 has substantially equal lengths in which one end sides are respectively opposed and locked to two suspension bars installed substantially parallel to each other at substantially the same height. A plurality of pendulums comprising spheres suspended at the intersections on the other end of the two string members are provided in the longitudinal direction of the suspension rod so that the spheres adjacent to each other are in contact with each other. A surface of a pendulum device where the spheres of at least one inner sphere sandwiched between outer spheres located at both ends of the spheres of the pendulum provided in the longitudinal direction of the suspension rod contact each other Is formed of a viscoelastic body.

  The seismic control system comparison experience device according to claim 2 is engaged with the damped pendulum device according to claim 1 and two suspension rods installed substantially parallel to each other at substantially the same height, with one end facing each other. The pendulum comprising a sphere suspended at the intersection of the two other ends of the two cords having substantially the same length is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the suspension rod so that the spheres adjacent to each other are in contact with each other. A vibration control system comparison experience device characterized by comprising a plurality of pendulum devices.

  According to the damping pendulum device according to claim 1, among the spheres of the pendulum provided in the longitudinal direction of the suspension rod, the spheres of at least one inner sphere sandwiched between outer spheres located at both ends thereof. Since the surface of the contact point is a viscoelastic sphere formed from a viscoelastic body, when one outer sphere is pulled up to a predetermined height and then released, it collides with an inner sphere adjacent to the one outer sphere. Then, this impact is sequentially transmitted to the adjacent inner sphere, and then the last inner sphere collides with the other outer sphere, and the other outer sphere is flipped off. However, in this case, energy loss due to the viscous component of at least one viscoelastic sphere used for the inner sphere, that is, conversion of mechanical energy into thermal energy is performed. Therefore, the other outer sphere can only rise to a height that is lower than the initial height of one outer sphere, and the viscoelastic body absorbs the energy received from the outer sphere and visually shows how the pendulum motion attenuates. Can be observed. Therefore, it is possible to easily understand the principle and image of absorbing the vibration of the viscoelastic body used in the vibration control system of the vibration control house.

  According to the seismic control system comparison experience device of the second aspect, in addition to the above-described effects, the pendulum device for comparison with the damped pendulum device is provided. For this reason, it is possible to directly compare a pendulum device that is composed of spheres of the same quality and that can be considered that the pendulum motion is not damped in appearance, and a damped pendulum device that has a viscoelastic sphere and the pendulum motion attenuates. The principle and image that the viscoelastic body used in the vibration control system of the vibration control house absorbs the shaking of the earthquake can be understood more easily.

  The best embodiment of the damping pendulum device according to the present invention will be described below. As shown in FIG. 2, the damped pendulum device 1 of this embodiment has a substantially equal length in which one end side is engaged and locked to two suspension rods 2 installed substantially parallel to each other at substantially the same height. The pendulum 5 comprising a sphere 4 suspended at the intersection of the other two string members 3 is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the suspension rod 2 so that the adjacent spheres 4 are in contact with each other. A plurality of damping pendulum devices 1 provided on the suspension rod 2, and at least one inner sphere sandwiched between outer spheres 6 located at both ends of the spheres 4 of the pendulum 5 provided in the longitudinal direction of the suspension rod 2. 7 is a viscoelastic sphere 8 formed from the viscoelastic body X at the surface where the spheres 4 are in contact with each other.

  Then, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, the seismic control system comparison experience device 9 of this embodiment has two hanging rods 2 installed substantially parallel to each other at substantially the same height as the damping pendulum device 1. The pendulums 5 each including a sphere 4 suspended at the intersection of the two other ends of the two cords 3 having substantially the same length, each of which is engaged with each other, are adjacent to each other. A plurality of pendulum devices 10 are provided in the longitudinal direction of the suspension rod 2 so that the four contact each other. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, on the back side of the vibration control system comparison experience device 9, a housing 12 used for a vibration control house provided with the vibration control system 11 is displayed.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the damping pendulum device 1 according to the present embodiment includes first to sixth pendulums (5a to 5f), and includes a second sphere 4b of the second pendulum 5b and The fifth sphere 4e of the fifth pendulum 5e is a viscoelastic sphere 8. This assumes the first pendulum 5a and the sixth pendulum 5f on both ends, that is, the outer sphere 6 as the external force exerted on the building by the earthquake shake, and the second to fifth between them. The pendulum (5b to 5e), that is, the inner sphere 7 is assumed as the housing 12. The second pendulum 5 b provided with the viscoelastic sphere 8 and the fifth pendulum 5 e among the inner spheres 7 are assumed to be a vibration control system 11 provided on the housing 12. However, the number of pendulums 5 used in the damping pendulum device 1 and the positions of the viscoelastic body balls 8 are not limited to the present embodiment, and can be changed as appropriate.

  As the viscoelastic body X, a styrenic polymer compound is used, and the polymer compound has an elasticity that increases its force with respect to the magnitude of deformation and a force proportional to the speed of deformation. It has increased viscosity, that is, it has viscoelasticity. In general, the viscoelasticity of these polymer compounds gives a constant repetitive stimulus such as a sine wave to the object, measures the generated stress, and measures the dynamic viscoelasticity of the object from the relationship between force and strain. The And by measuring these, the storage elastic modulus resulting from the elastic component of a polymer compound and the loss elastic modulus resulting from a viscous component can be measured.

  The storage elastic modulus measured in this way is proportional to the elastic energy stored in the viscoelastic body X for a certain period such as one cycle of a sine wave, and the loss elastic modulus is It is proportional to the energy that the viscoelastic body X loses as heat in a certain period. Therefore, the viscoelastic body X used in the vibration control system 11 of the vibration control house does not store the vibration of the building due to the earthquake as energy, but loses the energy as heat, that is, loss elasticity due to the viscous component. A high rate is preferable. However, if the loss elastic modulus is too high with respect to the storage elastic modulus, it is not preferable because it easily undergoes plastic deformation. Therefore, a viscoelastic body X having suitable plastic deformability and storage elastic modulus is suitably selected and used as the vibration control system 11.

  These viscoelastic spheres 8 are formed from the viscoelastic body X at the surface where the spheres 4 are in contact with each other. When used in the present embodiment, the viscoelastic sphere 8 is molded only from the viscoelastic body X. It is also possible to use a substantially spherical sphere 4 made. However, when the ratio of the viscosity component of the viscoelastic body X used for the sphere 4 is large, when the first sphere 4a shown in FIG. 2 collides with the second sphere 4b, the mechanical energy becomes thermal energy. Since the loss ratio is large and the mechanical energy is hardly transmitted to the sixth sphere 4f, the sixth sphere 4f hardly rises. As a result, it is impossible to observe the process in which the swaying of the sphere 4 gradually attenuates, and the principle and image of the vibration control system 11 cannot be accurately conveyed to customers.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, the viscoelastic sphere 8 whose surface is formed from the viscoelastic body X is a viscoelasticity in which the surface of the metal sphere Y is covered with the viscoelastic body X as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 10, a viscoelastic sphere 8 in which a viscoelastic body X is provided in a band shape on the circumference around which the spheres 4 are in contact with each other, or a sphere 4 as shown in FIG. 11. A viscoelastic sphere 8 provided with a viscoelastic body X only in the vicinity where they are in contact with each other is used. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 12, what attached the viscoelastic body X to the surface of the spherical body 4 can be used. And the thickness etc. of the viscoelastic body X shown in FIG. 9 thru | or FIG. 12 can be suitably changed with the ratio of the viscous component of the viscoelastic body X, the length of the string 3, etc. Moreover, the viscoelastic body X used for the viscoelastic body sphere 8 of the damping pendulum device 1 is not necessarily the same as the viscoelastic body X used for the vibration control system 11 of an actual vibration control house. The viscoelastic body X can be selected as appropriate.

  The spheres 4 other than the viscoelastic spheres 8 described above, that is, the first sphere 4a, the third sphere 4c, the fourth sphere 4d, and the sixth sphere 4f shown in FIG. It is preferable that the material is made of, for example, ebonite or the like. However, these materials may be appropriately changed as long as they may be metal and have a high coefficient of restitution. Further, it is preferable that the shapes, sizes, and weights of the first to sixth spheres (4a to 4f) are the same. The size of the sphere 4 may be as large as a golf ball as in this embodiment, or may be as large as a bowling sphere, and may be changed as appropriate. Can do.

  As shown in FIG. 7, one end side of the cord body 3 is locked to the suspension rod 2, and a sphere 4 is suspended from the other end side. Moreover, since the string body 3 has substantially the same length, the sphere 4 is suspended from the string body 3 at the approximate center of the suspension bar 2 installed substantially parallel to a predetermined height, as shown in FIG. As described above, when the sphere 4 is rocked alone, the sphere 4 moves pendulumly on the middle line N of the two suspension rods 2 without shaking. Further, when the one end side of the string body 3 is locked to the suspension rod 2, the one end side of the string body 3 is not displaced from the suspension rod 2, for example, on the upper surface of the suspension rod 2 as shown in FIG. A groove 13 is preferably provided. Moreover, the string 3 is formed from a flexible material, and can use steel piano wire, cotton thread, etc., such as resin, as in the embodiment of the present invention. When it becomes large, a wire or the like can also be used. Moreover, the attachment method of the string 3 to the sphere 4 may be embedded in the sphere itself, or a hook may be attached to the sphere 4 to lock the string 3. In addition, hooks, carabiners, and the like can be used as appropriate for attaching the string body 3 to the suspension rod 2, and these attachment methods can be selected and used as appropriate.

  The suspension rods 2 are installed at substantially the same height and substantially parallel to each other. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the suspension rods 2 are supported at both ends by two vertical support rods 14. The vertical support bars 14 are respectively formed continuously with the mounting bar 15. And in order to change the height of the pendulum 5 provided in the suspension rod 2, the length of the vertical support rod 14 can be changed as appropriate, and the mounting rod 15 may be plate-shaped.

  In contrast to the damped pendulum device 1 having the above-described configuration, the pendulum device 10 is the same as that shown in FIG. 5 except that the spheres 4 of the damped pendulum device 1 are all made of the same steel sphere. The first and sixth pendulums (5g to 5l) have the same configuration as the damped pendulum device 1 and are used for comparison with the damped pendulum device 1. Then, the damping pendulum device 1 and the pendulum device 10 are mounted on the mounting table 16 so as to be adjacent to each other, for example, as shown in FIG. Both of the pendulum devices 10 can be viewed at the same time, but the arrangement of both devices can be changed as appropriate as long as they can be observed and compared simultaneously. Further, each of the damping pendulum device 1 and the pendulum device 10 may move on the mounting table 16 due to the influence of inertial force acting on the sphere 4 when the pendulum 5 included in the pendulum device 10 moves. These are fixed on the mounting table 16 by a fastener 17 as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, in order to distinguish between the other experience device and the present vibration control system comparison experience device 9 when displaying with other experience devices in an exhibition space or the like, as shown in FIG. A plate 18 or the like may be appropriately attached.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the seismic control system comparison experience device 9 and the housing 12 used in the actual seismic control house are displayed at the same time, the seismic control system 11 can be further compared by comparing both. Can understand the principle and image. In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, the housing 12 is formed by connecting a plurality of pillars 19 and beams 20 with connecting metal fittings 21, and is formed in a substantially rectangular space formed between the pillars 19 and the beams 20. It is comprised from the 1st thru | or 4th division (23a thru | or 23d) extended so that the cross | intersection 22 might be crossed. Among them, the space portions at both ends, that is, the first section 23a and the fourth section 23d, are provided with a substantially damper-shaped vibration control system 11 having a viscoelastic body X inside a part of the brace 22. It is provided on the back surface of the vibration control system comparison experience device 9 so that customers can see the housing 12 through the vibration control system comparison experience device 9. However, the position of the housing 12 is not limited to this embodiment, and when there is no space for installing the actual housing 12, a photograph of the housing 12 may be displayed.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the housing 12 and the damping pendulum device 1 are divided into first to fourth sections (23 a to 23 d) of the housing 12 and second to fifth of the damping pendulum device 1. The pendulums (5b to 5e) are made to correspond to each other. That is, as described above, the first pendulum 5a and the sixth pendulum 5f on both ends of the damping pendulum device 1 are the second to fourth sections (23a to 23d) corresponding to the first to fourth sections (23a to 23d) of the casing 12. It is assumed that the fourth pendulum (5b to 5e) is swayed by an external force, and as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the seismic control system 11 of the chassis 12 is viscoelastic. It corresponds to the body sphere 8. Thereby, since the housing 12 of the actual damping housing and the damping pendulum device 1 can be compared and observed, the principle and image of the damping system 11 can be better understood.

  A method of using the vibration control system comparison experience device 9 using the damping pendulum device 1 configured as described above will be described below.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the first sphere 4 a of the damping pendulum device 1 and the first sphere 4 g of the pendulum device 10 are arranged so that the string body 3 does not loosen. In the extending direction of the middle line N, it is pulled up to a height H outside the damped pendulum device 1 shown in FIGS. Thereby, the first sphere 4a and the first sphere 4g of each device acquire mechanical energy proportional to the height thereof.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 5, the pendulum device 10 causes the first sphere 4g to collide with the second sphere 4h, and the second sphere 4h collides with the third sphere 4i. As shown in FIG. 6, the sixth sphere 4 l is blown off to the outside of the pendulum device 10 in the extending direction of the middle line N of the two suspension rods 2. Here, considering the case where these collisions are completely elastic collisions, the weights of the first sphere 4g and the sixth sphere 4l are the same as described above. As shown in FIG. 5, the sixth sphere 4l also rises to a height H. After that, the sixth sphere 4l collides with the fifth sphere 4k, the fifth sphere 4k collides with the fourth sphere 4j, repeats the collision in the same manner, and the first sphere 4g again has a height. Rise to H. However, in reality, it is impossible for these to be fully elastic collisions. However, in the present embodiment, since the sphere having a high restitution coefficient is used as described above, the sixth collision is performed in the first collision. The height H ′ at which the spherical body 4l rises can be H′≈H. If one cycle is from the first sphere 4g colliding with the second sphere 4h until the first sphere 4g rises again, the first sphere 4g is approximately 3 to 4 cycles high. The pendulum 5 of the pendulum device 10 appears to be in a pendulum motion with a constant swing width.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, the damped pendulum device 1 causes the first sphere 4a to collide with the second sphere 4b, and the second sphere 4b collides with the third sphere 4c. Repeatedly, the sixth sphere 4f is blown off to the outside of the damping pendulum device 1 in the extending direction of the middle line N of the two suspension rods 2 as shown in FIG. However, since the second sphere 4b and the fifth sphere 4e are viscoelastic spheres 8, in the course of these collisions, as described above, energy loss due to the viscous component of the viscoelastic body X, That is, since mechanical energy is converted into thermal energy, the sixth sphere 4f rises only to a height T (however, H> T) as shown in FIG. Then, after that, the sixth sphere 4f collides with the fifth sphere 4e, the fifth sphere 4e collides with the fourth sphere 4d, repeats the collision in the same manner, and the first sphere 4a rises again. However, the same energy loss as described above occurs, and the first sphere 4a rises only to a height S (however, T> S) (not shown). Thus, in the damped pendulum device 1, the height at which the first sphere 4a rises every cycle decreases. Further, in order to clarify the behavior of these spheres 4, as shown in FIG. 8, a substantially rectangular scale plate 25 with a scale 24 is provided on the vertical support rod 14 of the pendulum device 10 or the damped pendulum device 1. It may be attached.

  As described above, as shown in FIG. 1, the pendulum device 10 and the damped pendulum device 1 are mounted on the mounting table 16 so as to be adjacent to each other. Compared to the case where the viscoelastic body X is not used, the viscoelastic body X used in the vibration control system 11 can visually experience the state of absorbing the external force. Since the comparison with the housing 12 provided with the vibration control system 11 can be made visually, the principle and image of the vibration control system 11 can be easily understood.

  As shown in FIG. 13, the damping pendulum device 1 according to another embodiment is formed larger than the damping pendulum device 1 shown in FIG. 1, and the hanging rod 14 is formed to have a size of about 3 m, for example. Yes. The sphere 4 is, for example, a bowling sphere, the viscoelastic sphere 8 is a sphere 4 with a viscoelastic body X attached to the surface thereof, and the sphere 4 and the string 3 Are attached via hooks 28. Here, the viscoelastic body X need only be provided on one side of the sphere 4 as shown in FIG. Further, in the damped pendulum device 1 according to another embodiment, casters 27 and the like are appropriately attached to the bottom plate 26 provided at the lower end of the vertical support bar 14 in order to facilitate movement. And according to the damped pendulum device concerning other embodiments shown in Drawing 13, there is force and it can understand the principle and image of vibration control system 11 still more easily.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 13, when the viscoelastic body sphere 8 is configured by attaching the viscoelastic body X to the surface of the sphere 4, the viscoelastic body X can be removed from the surface of the sphere 4. For example, since the configuration is the same as that of the pendulum device 10, it is possible to visually experience how the viscoelastic body X absorbs external force without the need for the pendulum device 10.

  The damped pendulum device 1 according to the present invention can be used not only in the vibration control system comparison experience device 9 as in the present embodiment but also in a physics experiment or the like.

Overall perspective view of vibration control system comparison experience device according to this embodiment Overall perspective view of a damped pendulum device according to this embodiment Side view showing state of collision between spheres in damping pendulum device Top view showing the state of collision between spheres in the damped pendulum device Side view showing the state of collision between spheres in the pendulum device Top view showing the state of collision between spheres in the pendulum device Side view showing a sphere suspended from a string Overall perspective view of a modified example of the damping pendulum device according to the present embodiment The figure which shows (a) front view of 1st embodiment of a spherical body, and (b) sectional drawing. The figure which shows (a) front view of 2nd embodiment of a spherical body, and (b) sectional drawing. The figure which shows (a) front view of 3rd embodiment of a spherical body, and (b) sectional drawing. The figure which shows (a) front view of 4th embodiment of a spherical body, and (b) sectional drawing. Overall perspective view of a damped pendulum device according to another embodiment Schematic diagram showing the structure of an earthquake-resistant house Schematic diagram showing the structure of a base-isolated house Schematic diagram showing the structure of a vibration control house

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Damping pendulum device 2 Suspension stick 3 String body 4 Sphere 5 Pendulum 6 Outer sphere 7 Inner sphere 8 Viscoelastic body ball 9 Seismic control system comparison experience apparatus 10 Pendulum apparatus

Claims (2)

It is hung at the intersection part of the other end side of two string bodies of approximately equal length, one end of which is locked oppositely to two hanging rods installed substantially parallel to each other at substantially the same height. A pendulum comprising a plurality of spheres, wherein a plurality of pendulums adjacent to each other are in contact with each other in the longitudinal direction of the suspension rod;
Among the spheres of the pendulum provided in the longitudinal direction of the suspension rod, the surface of the location where the spheres of the at least one inner sphere sandwiched between the outer spheres located at both ends of the pendulum comes from a viscoelastic body. A damped pendulum device characterized by being formed. A damped pendulum device according to claim 1;
It is hung at the intersection part of the other end side of two string bodies of approximately equal length, one end of which is locked oppositely to two hanging rods installed substantially parallel to each other at substantially the same height. And a pendulum device provided with a plurality of pendulums each having a sphere in the longitudinal direction of the suspension rod so that the spheres adjacent to each other are in contact with each other.

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