JP4726136B2 - Waste treatment method and waste treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a waste treatment method and a waste treatment apparatus, and more particularly, a waste treatment method and a waste that prevent condensation in the exhaust path and liquid dripping out of the waste treatment apparatus due to condensation, thereby preventing deterioration of the surrounding environment. The present invention relates to a material processing apparatus.

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, waste treatment apparatuses using the power of microorganisms are known as waste treatment means such as garbage.
In this waste treatment apparatus, waste is decomposed in the treatment tank as follows.
In order to decompose the waste in the treatment tank, a substrate containing microorganisms is filled, and the input lid is opened, and the waste is introduced into the treatment tank from the inlet provided in the treatment tank. Then, the waste is fermented and decomposed by the action of microorganisms living in the base material.
In such a waste treatment apparatus, when no waste is input, water cannot be replenished by the input of the waste. Therefore, if the normal operation is continued in this state, the substrate and waste in the treatment tank are dried, and microorganisms It will be in a state where the decomposition ability of the powder is reduced and fine powder is dancing.
Therefore, conventionally, there has been proposed an apparatus or the like in which the operation of the apparatus is reduced or stopped when there is no waste input for a long period of time.
For example, in Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, etc., when the charging lid opening / closing detection means detects that no waste is input, the operation of the heating means, the air blowing means, the air supply means, and the stirring means is reduced or stopped. A device in the power saving mode has been proposed.
According to these, even when there is no waste input, the amount of water necessary for microorganisms is maintained in the base material, the activity of the microbe is reduced due to drying of the base material, and the scattering of fine powder is further reduced, further reducing power consumption. can do.
Further, Patent Document 3 discloses a waste treatment apparatus that includes a deodorizing apparatus and that heats and deodorizes exhausted odor exhausted from a treatment tank and vents the warmed exhaust to the outside of the apparatus by ventilating the exhaust path. Proposed.
According to these, since the heated exhaust gas is ventilated to the exhaust channel, condensation in the exhaust channel can be prevented.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 07-136623 JP 09-271740 A Special Registration No. 0322602

However, the above conventional example has the following problems.
For example, in the ones described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, after shifting to the power saving mode, the gas that has been heated in the treatment tank and volume-expanded tends to flow out of the apparatus through the exhaust path.
For this reason, the warmed exhaust gas is cooled to the outside air while flowing outside through the exhaust path, and the exhaust path may condense, causing liquid dripping from the lower part of the exhaust fan.
Moreover, in the thing of the said patent document 3, since there is no power saving mode, even if there is no waste input more than the preset time, since a deodorizing device performs normal control, it cannot reduce power consumption. Problems arise.

  In view of the above problems, the present invention can prevent dripping due to dew condensation from the lower part of the exhaust fan to the outside of the waste treatment apparatus while suppressing power consumption, and can maintain a clean environment. The object is to provide a treatment method and a waste treatment apparatus.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a waste processing method and a waste processing apparatus configured as follows.
The waste treatment method of the present invention comprises a treatment tank provided with an input port and an input lid for opening and closing the input port,
When the waste and the base material mixed in the treatment tank are stirred from the inlet of the treatment tank and the waste is decomposed, the exhaust gas with odor generated in the treatment tank is heated and deodorized. Deodorized by heating,
A waste treatment method in which the heat-deodorized exhaust is discharged outside a treatment tank by an exhaust fan, and waste treatment is performed.
By using a closing lid opening / closing detecting means for detecting opening / closing of the closing lid, when the opening / closing of the closing lid is not detected for a preset time or longer, the first power saving mode reduces the rotation speed of the exhaust fan. Waste disposal,
The deodorization used to prevent dripping due to dew condensation when the opening / closing of the charging lid is not detected for a preset time or longer after performing the waste treatment in the first power saving mode. The waste treatment is performed in a second power saving mode in which the heating temperature of the means is lower than that in the first power saving mode .
Also, waste treatment method of the present invention, in the first power saving mode, also with less the agitation frequency and performing the waste treatment, waste treatment method of the present invention, There is a circulation duct constituting a gas circulation passage in the treatment tank outside the piping in the treatment tank, and the circulation duct has a gas suction port in the treatment tank on one end side, and the other end side. A circulation fan for blowing the gas is provided in
In the first power saving mode, the waste treatment is performed by reducing the rotational speed of the circulation fan.
Further, the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention is provided with a loading lid that opens and closes the loading port at a loading port for loading waste, a treatment tank for decomposing the waste loaded from the loading port,
A heating and deodorizing means for heating and deodorizing exhaust gas accompanied by an odor generated in the treatment tank when decomposing the waste;
An exhaust fan that exhausts the odor deodorized by heating to the outside of the treatment tank via piping inside the treatment tank and outside the treatment tank,
A closing lid opening / closing detecting means for detecting opening / closing of the closing lid is provided,
When the closing lid opening / closing detection means does not detect opening / closing of the closing lid for a preset time or more, the waste treatment is performed in the first power saving mode in which the rotational speed of the exhaust fan is reduced,
The deodorization used to prevent dripping due to dew condensation when the opening / closing of the charging lid is not detected for a preset time or longer after performing the waste treatment in the first power saving mode. The waste treatment operation control is performed in a second power saving mode in which the heating temperature of the means is lowered and heated in comparison with the first power saving mode .
Also, waste treatment apparatus of the present invention has a stirring means for mixing the waste and the substrate inserted from the insertion slot, said agitating means, the stirring in the first power saving mode The agitation frequency of the means is configured to be reduced.
Further, the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention has a circulation duct that constitutes a gas circulation passage in the treatment tank outside the piping in the treatment tank, and the circulation duct has the treatment tank on one end side thereof. A gas suction port and a circulation fan for blowing the gas on the other end side are provided,
The circulation fan is configured to be capable of reducing the rotation speed of the circulation fan in the first power saving mode.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent liquid dripping due to condensation from the lower portion of the exhaust fan to the outside of the waste treatment apparatus while suppressing power consumption, and a waste treatment method capable of maintaining a clean environment and A waste disposal apparatus can be realized.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, and relative arrangements of the components described in the present embodiment should be changed as appropriate according to the configuration of the apparatus to which the invention is applied and various conditions. It is not limited at all by these.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a configuration of a waste disposal apparatus according to the present embodiment.
2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the waste treatment apparatus as viewed from A in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the waste treatment apparatus according to the present embodiment when the exterior cover is mounted, and FIG. It is a figure which shows the structure in the ventilation path | route in the waste-processing apparatus which concerns on a form.
1 to 4, 1 is a drive motor that rotates forward and backward of a power source, 2 is a small sprocket fixed to the tip of the output shaft of the drive motor 1, 3 is a chain that meshes with the small sprocket 2, and 4 is meshed with the chain 3 It is a large sprocket.
Reference numeral 5 denotes a stirring blade that stirs the waste, 6 denotes a stirring shaft that rotates the stirring blade 5, and 7 denotes a bearing that supports the stirring shaft 6.
The stirring means of the present embodiment is constituted by these members.

Reference numeral 8 denotes an exterior part as a frame covering the waste treatment apparatus, and 10 is a (waste) treatment tank provided in the exterior part 8 for treating waste.
The processing tank 10 includes a processing tank right side plate 14 and a processing tank left side plate 15 as a pair of side walls provided opposite to each other, and a tank unit 10 provided horizontally between the pair of side walls. Configured.
11 (11a, 11b) is a partition plate for partitioning the processing tank 10 into a plurality of tanks (10b, 10c, 10d). A planar heater 9 as a heating means for heating the processing tank 10 is provided at the lower part of the processing tank 10.
Reference numeral 12 is a base material for decomposing waste, and 13 is a moisture content detection sensor for detecting the state of the decomposition process based on the moisture content of the base material.

16a is an exhaust fan for exhausting moisture and carbon dioxide generated by supplying air and decomposing air to microorganisms, 16b is a lower part of the exhaust fan for exhausting exhaust from the exhaust fan to the outside of the waste treatment apparatus, and 17 is a treatment tank 10 This is an intake port that takes in outside air.
18 is an exhaust port for discharging the carbon dioxide gas generated in the processing tank 10, 19 is a magnet attached to the charging lid 21 of the processing tank 10, 20 is a charging lid open / close detection sensor for detecting a magnet attached to the charging lid 21, 21 Is an input lid, and 22 is an input port for supplying waste.
23 is a control unit for controlling the whole, 24 is a vent, 25 is a dust removing filter for removing dust generated from the inside of the processing tank 10, and 26 (26 a, 26 b, 26 c) communicates the exhaust port in the processing tank 10 with the outside air. It is an exhaust duct.
Reference numeral 27 denotes a deodorizing unit as deodorizing means for heating the odorous air generated from the treatment tank 10 by the catalyst heater 27a and deodorizing using the oxidation catalyst 27b, and 28 is a temperature sensor for detecting the outlet temperature of the deodorizing unit 27. is there.

Reference numeral 29 denotes an outside air intake provided in the upper part of the exterior portion 8, 31 denotes a ventilation fan for forcibly creating a flow of outside air taken in from the outside air intake, and 30 denotes an exterior portion 8 as a frame covering the waste treatment apparatus. It is a bottom plate that is a part of.
32 is a duct which is arranged outside the exhaust duct 26a provided in the processing tank 10 and constitutes a gas circulation path in the processing tank 10, 33 is a gas suction port for sucking the gas in the processing tank 10 into the duct 32, A circulation fan 34 circulates the gas in the treatment tank 10.
35 is a discharge port for discharging the decomposition residue after processing waste in the treatment tank 10, 40 is a discharge lid for opening and closing the discharge port 35, 41 is a magnet attached to the discharge lid 40 of the treatment tank 10, and 42 is a discharge lid 40. It is a discharge lid open / close detection sensor that detects the magnet attached to the.
Reference numeral 36 denotes an intake heat exchange section that heats intake air into the treatment tank 10 in the intake passage of outside air defined by the partition wall 38 that partitions the inside of the duct 32, and 37 denotes an inside of the treatment tank 10 provided in the duct 32. It is the circulation heat exchange part which heats the gas which circulates through. Reference numeral 39 denotes an outside air port that takes in outside air into an outside air intake passage defined by a partition wall 38 that partitions the inside of the duct 32.

Next, the operation and operation of the waste disposal apparatus configured as described above will be described.
The treatment tank 10 has a stirring shaft 6 that rotates forward and backward in the center, and a base material 12 is contained therein. The substrate 12 is mainly composed of biodegradable fibre, sawdust of the main component, each grain is porous and has water absorption and voids, and the particle shape is complicated and large voids are formed between the particles. Yes.
The efficiency of the waste decomposition treatment is improved by supplying air to the treated organism through this gap.
In addition, the treatment organisms that decompose the waste in the mixture at this time are aerobic microorganisms and fungi.

Moreover, even if the base material 12 in the processing tank 10 is buckwheat husks or rice husks other than sawdust, it is suitable as the base material 12 because air can be supplied to the processing organisms while maintaining a gap.
Moreover, although the base material 12 uses the fiber sawdust which is hard to be biodegraded in the present embodiment, the base material 12 may be a ceramic having a function of keeping air gaps and supplying air to the treated organism.
Alternatively, even when the base material 12 using a processed product obtained by treating only garbage with a waste processing apparatus as a seed base material is used, the base organism 12 is already living or dormant in the active state. It is suitable as.

When the input lid 21 of the waste treatment apparatus in operation is opened, the input lid open / close detection sensor 20 that has detected the magnet 19 attached to the input lid 21 determines that the input lid 21 has been opened and is in a stirring state. The drive motor 1 stops.
Here, the closing lid opening / closing detection means including the magnet 19 attached to the closing lid 21 and the closing lid opening / closing detection sensor 20 is composed of a magnetic sensor that reacts to magnetism attached to the processing tank 10.
However, the present invention is not limited to this configuration, and a protrusion may be provided on the charging lid 21 and the protrusion may be detected by an optical sensor attached to the processing tank 10 side.
The closing lid opening / closing detection sensor 20 uses a non-contact type magnetic detection sensor in the present embodiment, but may be a mechanical micro switch.
Further, the loading lid open / close detection sensor 20 can be attached by attaching a detection sensor to the loading lid 21 side, the processing tank 10 side, the charging lid 21 or the processing tank 10 and a detection member to the other. is there.

Next, the stirring operation after throwing in the waste will be described.
For example, in the standard mode, the stirring operation by the drive motor 1 after the waste is thrown is normally forward / reverse stirring for 10 minutes in a cycle of 30 minutes, but immediately after the waste is thrown, the stirring is immediately performed. Start and allow for 15 minutes of forward and reverse stirring during a 30 minute period.
Thereby, the thrown-in waste can be finely crushed and mixed with the substrate 12 evenly.
Further, by performing forward and reverse rotation, it is possible to prevent the thrown-in waste from being entangled with the stirring blade 5 and the stirring shaft 6.
Furthermore, in addition to mixing the base material 12 and waste, stirring is performed by stabilizing the temperature of the mixed material by stirring, and actively moving moisture contained in the mixed material to the outside of the mixed material, It is possible to adjust the moisture content of the mixture.
In addition, since the input waste can be decomposed within 24 hours, in the standard mode, when the waste is not input for 30 hours or more, the stirring cycle is stopped for 10 minutes and 110 minutes.
Thereby, the power supply to the drive motor 1 required for stirring can be reduced, and power saving can be achieved.
When the closing lid of the charging lid 21 is detected, the stirring cycle returns to the initial stirring cycle of 15-minute stirring and 20-minute stop. Thereafter, the stirring cycle of 10-minute stirring is performed over a period of 30 minutes, and then the charging lid 21 Repeat until is opened.
In the present embodiment, the stirring blade 5 has a triangular cross section and is configured to be attached to the stirring shaft 6 at a plurality of equal intervals. However, a flat stirring blade is attached to the stirring shaft 6 at a plurality of equal intervals. It is possible.
In addition, a plurality of bar-shaped stirring bars may be attached to the stirring shaft 6 at equal intervals.

Here, as shown in FIG. 1, the cross-sectional shape of the treatment tank 10 is substantially U-shaped having an arc portion of almost a semicircle or more so that the entire base material 12 is uniformly stirred by a light action. ing.
The stirring shaft 6 is provided in the horizontal direction so as to substantially coincide with the center of the arc of the arc portion. A plurality of stirring blades 5 are fixed to the stirring shaft 6 at equal intervals.
In the present embodiment, the stirring shaft 6 is horizontally mounted on the processing tank 10, but the stirring shaft may be provided in the processing tank in the vertical direction.
At this time, since the water and carbon dioxide gas are generated by stirring more than when the stirring is stopped, the exhaust flow rate of the exhaust fan 16a is increased, and at the same time as the supply of air from the intake port 17, Carbon dioxide gas is discharged to the outside of the treatment tank 10.
Thereby, it can prevent that the mixture in the processing tank 10 becomes humid, and it becomes possible to aim at adjustment of the moisture content of a mixture.
Further, in this embodiment, the exhaust fan 16a is attached to the exhaust duct 26 in the exhaust duct 26 after passing through the deodorizing portion 27 communicating with the exhaust outlet 18. A similar effect can be obtained even if a fan is attached to 17 and sucked.

The fan attached to the air inlet 17 may be a hot air fan capable of sending air heated from about 40 ° C. to about 70 ° C. into the processing tank 10.
By attaching a hot air fan to the intake port 17, the temperature of the gas in the treatment tank 10 can be raised.
Since the amount of saturated moisture contained in the gas increases as the temperature of the gas in the treatment tank 10 rises, if the aeration flow rate per hour is the same, more water in the mixture is removed from the treatment tank 10 in a short time. You can go outside.
The attachment of the hot air fan to the intake port 17 is effective as a means for adjusting the moisture content of the mixture when the mixture becomes humid.
Further, the same effect as described above can be obtained by providing the exhaust fan 16 a in the exhaust duct 26 communicating with the exhaust port 18 and providing the hot air fan in the intake port 17.

In this way, the waste introduced into the first treatment tank 10b and the substrate 12 are mixed evenly, and the decomposition process starts.
When the processed material decomposed in the first processing tank 10b increases, it overflows from the partition plates 11a and 11b provided in the processing tank 10, and the processed material is the second processing tank 10c and the third tank. To the processing tank 10d.
When the processed product is accumulated in the third processing tank 10d, the processed product can be recovered from the discharge port 35. In the present embodiment, the processing tank 10 is divided into three tanks by the partition plate 11, but may be divided into two tanks or four or more tanks.
Furthermore, it is possible to control the stirring operation time according to the result measured by the moisture content detection sensor 13.
For example, the intermittent operation time of stirring is normally 10 minutes during a 30-minute cycle, and is 10 minutes during a 60-minute cycle when the substrate state is dry.
Thereby, it is possible to prevent the base material 12 from being crushed due to excessive stirring as a necessary and sufficient stirring time, and to extend the life of the base material 12.

Moreover, it becomes possible to adjust the moisture content of the mixture of the base material and the waste by adjusting the stirring cycle and the exhaust gas flow rate according to the result measured by the moisture content detection sensor 13.
When the inside of the treatment tank 10 becomes humid, anaerobic bacteria grow, generate hydrogen sulfide, etc., and the odor state becomes a bad odor. Therefore, the moisture content of the base material 12 and waste is 20% to 60%. It is desirable to adjust within the range.
Further, when the amount of water increases, the torque required for stirring increases, and the motive force is generated. When the substrate 12 is finely powdered, it tends to be clayy when it contains water.
If the base material 12 becomes clay-like, the decomposition efficiency becomes extremely low. In such a case, the whole or a half or more of the base material 12 needs to be replaced.

In addition, the moisture content detection sensor 13 serving as the substrate state measuring means at this time directly contacts the substrate 12 in the treatment tank 10 with a pair of electrodes, and applies a voltage between the pair of electrodes, This is a resistance method in which the current flowing between the materials 12 is measured and the moisture content of the substrate 12 is measured.
Here, since the mixture of the base material 12 and the waste changes to weak alkalinity or weak acidity depending on the type of garbage that is the input waste, the material constituting the electrode in direct contact with the mixture in the resistance method is It is better to use a stainless material excellent in acid resistance and alkali resistance.
In the present embodiment, stainless steel screws that are versatile and inexpensive are used as electrodes.
Further, the moisture content detection sensor 13 may be a heat capacity method combining a heater and a thermistor.
Alternatively, the moisture content detection sensor 13 is composed of a sheet heater 9 as a heating means for heating the treatment tank 10 and a temperature detection sensor (not shown) for measuring the temperature of the sheet heater 9, and is used for treatment tank heating control. The structure which uses a thing as it is may be sufficient.
When the moisture content of the mixture of the base material 12 and the waste is large, the thermal conductivity is lowered.
When the temperature in the treatment tank 10 is controlled in a state where the thermal conductivity is lowered, the required time becomes long, so that the moisture content of the substrate 12 containing the waste can be measured as follows. .
That is, from the change in output of the temperature detection sensor when the planar heater 9 is operated or stopped after the temperature of the planar heater 9 reaches a preset temperature threshold, The water content of the substrate 12 containing the waste can be measured.
By combining the treatment tank heating control and the moisture content detection sensor 13, there is no need to install the moisture content detection sensor 13 that is provided separately in the conventional device, and the cost of the device can be reduced and the space can be saved. .

Next, when waste input is interrupted or the input amount is reduced, the substrate 12 may be dried too much by stirring or the like.
In such a case, the microorganisms in the base material 12 are not only activated slowly due to drying, and the processing efficiency is lowered, but also when the base material 12 is pulverized, it is scattered and the surroundings are contaminated. .
In these cases, bacteria mixed in the fine powder are scattered, which is not preferable for safety and health.
In such a case, the above problem can be compensated by preventing the fine powder from being discharged to the outside by the dust filter 25 provided at the exhaust port 18.
Further, the dust filter 25 can be manually removed without using an instrument by mechanically engaging the exhaust port 18 or fixing the dust filter 25 with a thumbscrew or a snap lock.
By removing the dust filter 25, the fine powder of the base material attached to the dust filter 25 can be easily cleaned.
Further, the odorous air generated from the treatment tank 10 is heated by the catalyst heater 27a in the deodorization unit 27, deodorized using the oxidation catalyst 27b, and exhausted to the outside of the processing machine through the exhaust duct 26.

Next, utilization of waste heat from the deodorizing unit 27 under the configuration of the waste treatment apparatus as described above will be described.
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 3, the deodorizing unit 27 is provided in the vicinity of the right side plate 14 of the treatment tank.
In addition, an exhaust duct 26a serving as an in-tank pipe for passing exhaust gas after passing through the deodorizing unit 27 is disposed in the processing tank 10, and an exhaust duct 26b serving as an outside pipe is disposed on the left side plate 15 of the processing tank. An exhaust duct 26c as a pipe outside the tank is disposed below the tank 10. And it was set as the structure discharge | released to external air through the exhaust fan 16a.
In addition, a duct 32 constituting an air passage is provided outside the exhaust duct 26 a provided in the treatment tank 10. Then, an intake heat exchanging portion 36 that heats the intake air into the treatment tank in one air passage partitioned by the partition wall 38 that partitions the inside of the duct 32, and a circulation that heats the gas circulating in the tank in the other air passage. A heat exchange unit 37 was provided.
In addition, the intake heat exchanging unit 36 is configured to provide an outside air port 39 for taking in outside air and an intake port 17 for taking air into the processing tank 10 at the other end to heat the intake air into the processing tank 10.
The circulation heat exchanging unit 37 is provided with a gas suction port 33 for sucking the gas in the processing tank 10 into the duct 32 and a circulation fan 34 for circulating the gas in the processing tank 10 at the other end. The system is configured to circulate.

With such a configuration, high-temperature air (250 ° C. in the standard mode) generated from the deodorizing unit 27 causes a heat transfer phenomenon in the exhaust duct 26.
That is, heat transfer occurs between objects having a finite temperature difference called heat transfer, and the heat generated from the deodorizing unit 27 is taken away during the transfer, and this heat transfer phenomenon is utilized. The treatment tank 10 and the waste treatment apparatus can be warmed.
In the circulation heat exchange unit 37, the gas in the treatment tank 10 sucked by the circulation fan 34 is heat-exchanged with the high-temperature air (250 ° C. in the standard mode) generated from the deodorization unit 27, and the gas in the treatment tank 10. Can be heated.
Furthermore, the gas in the processing tank 10 is circulated by the circulation fan 34, so that the gas temperature in the processing tank 10 rises and the moisture evaporation from the base material 12 and the processed material is promoted.

The heat transfer phenomenon includes forms of heat conduction, convection heat transfer, and radiant heat transfer. In an actual heat transfer system, it is rare that one form of heat transfer phenomenon occurs alone.
However, considering each entanglement, it becomes complicated, so here, explanation is limited to heat conduction.
In the present embodiment, Fourier law based on heat conduction is applied between the heat in the exhaust duct 26 and the air on the receiving side, and is expressed as follows.
Q = k (TH-TC) / σA
(However, A: Area of object (m ² ), Q: Amount of heat (W) transferred during unit time (s), (TH-TC) / σ: Temperature gradient, k: Thermal conductivity (W / m · K))
From the above equation, in order to effectively exchange heat with temperature, the value of the thermal conductivity k determined by the type (material) and state (temperature and pressure) of the substance must be sufficiently considered. Furthermore, the shape and size of the heat transfer surface, the flow state, etc. are generally included as those that affect the heat transfer amount.
In consideration of the above, the shape and material of the exhaust duct 26 must be selected. In the present embodiment, SUS304 is used as the material of the exhaust duct 26.
A large amount of heat is exchanged between the exhaust duct 26a and the exhaust duct 26b.
This is expressed as (TH−TC) / σ in the above Fourier law formula.
This is because the temperature gradient represented by is large.

Moreover, by piping in this way, heat can be given to the air in the processing tank 10 by the heat transfer phenomenon of the exhaust duct 26a. As a result, the temperature of the air in the treatment tank 10 rises, so that more moisture in the treatment tank 10 can be contained in the air than the relationship of the saturated vapor pressure, which is effective when the treatment tank 10 is in a humid state.
Here, when the amount of moisture contained per 1 m ³ of gas in the treatment tank 10 has increased, a certain amount of moisture (water vapor) should be released out of the treatment tank 10, the following can be performed. It becomes possible.
That is, the amount of water contained per 1 m ³ of gas in the treatment tank 10 is increased, and the exhaust amount from the treatment tank 10 containing these moisture (water vapor) that passes through the deodorizing unit 27 can be reduced. .
Therefore, it is possible to select an exhaust fan having a small exhaust capacity and low power consumption at the time of design.
Further, since the amount of exhaust can be reduced, the heating time by the catalyst heater 27a can be reduced to reduce the power consumption, and the electricity cost can be reduced.
Ideally, the water (water vapor) can be discharged most efficiently if the saturated water vapor amount of the gas in the treatment tank 10 can be included (up to 100% in relative humidity).

In the present embodiment, the deodorization unit 27 has a catalyst heater 27a disposed upstream of the oxidation catalyst 27b such as a platinum alloy, and heats the exhaust gas passing through the catalyst heater 27a to a predetermined temperature (in this case, 250 ° C.). Deodorize by contacting with the oxidation catalyst 27b.
At this time, the power required for the catalyst heater 27a to raise the temperature of the exhaust gas is roughly proportional to the flow rate of the exhaust gas exhausted from the processing tank 10, and when the flow rate of the exhaust gas may be small, the catalyst heater 27a The amount of power supplied by can be reduced.

In the present embodiment, as is apparent from the above description, a duct 32 that constitutes a gas circulation path in the processing tank 10 is provided outside the exhaust duct 26 a provided in the processing tank 10.
In addition, an intake heat exchanging portion 36 is provided in one air passage partitioned by a partition wall 38 that partitions the inside of the duct 32.
As a result, the outside air sucked from the outside air port 39 is subjected to heat exchange with the high-temperature air (250 ° C. in the standard mode) generated from the deodorizing unit 27 and is heated and sucked into the treatment tank 10. Inside, the mixture is not cooled by the outside air that has been sucked in. And the decomposition of the waste proceeds efficiently.

Furthermore, a circulation heat exchange part 37 is provided in the other ventilation path partitioned by the partition wall 38 partitioning the inside of the duct 32, a gas inlet 33 for sucking the gas in the processing tank 10 into the duct 32, and the processing tank 10 at the other end. A circulation fan 34 for circulating the gas inside is provided.
As a result, it is possible to reduce the flow rate of the exhaust gas containing the moisture (water vapor) by the amount of circulating the gas in the processing tank 10 and improving the moisture discharge amount.
That is, it is possible to employ an exhaust fan with low power consumption, and it is possible to reduce the power consumption of the deodorization unit 27 by reducing the heating time by the catalyst heater 27a.
Further, the high-temperature (250 ° C. in the standard mode) exhaust gas generated from the deodorizing section 27 is passed through the exhaust duct 26a and then passed through the exhaust ducts 26b and 26c, so that heat can be reduced into the treatment tank 10. The heat given by the deodorizing unit 27 can be used evenly.
Further, the heat exchange in the exhaust duct 26c leads to a reduction in the operating cost of the planar heater 9.
In the apparatus of FIG. 1, when the outside air is 25 ° C., heat exchange in the exhaust duct 26c can keep the temperature at about 40 ° C. in the vicinity of the exhaust duct 26c at the bottom of the treatment tank 10, and the effect of disposing the exhaust duct 26c The cylindrical heater 9 can reduce heat radiation to other than the treatment tank 10.

Further, the exhaust fan 16 a is configured downstream of the deodorizing unit 27.
This is the ideal gas equation pv = RT
(However, p: pressure, v: volume, R: gas constant, T: absolute temperature (K))
This is a reflection of the idea.
Since gas generally expands in the isobaric state when heat is applied, the volume does not expand at room temperature, so it easily passes through the deodorizing unit 27, but generates a large resistance in the deodorizing unit 27 at a high temperature. , Can not pass easily.
Therefore, when the exhaust fan 16a is configured on the upstream side of the deodorizing unit 27 as shown in FIG. 5A, the inside of the deodorizing unit 27 is pressurized, and the gas that does not advance due to the resistance of the deodorizing unit 27 is the exhaust port 18 and the deodorizing unit 27. It leaks from the gap generated between the two, resulting in odor.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5B, the exhaust fan 16a is provided downstream from the deodorizing unit 27 to depressurize the inside of the deodorizing unit 27, and the odor does not leak from a gap in the middle.

Moreover, in this Embodiment, the deodorizing part 27 is comprised in the right side board 14 side of the processing tank, and the exhaust duct 26b is comprised in the left side board 15 side of the processing tank.
If comprised in this way, the heat source given to the base material 12 will be given heat not only from the planar heater 9 attached to the lower part of the processing tank 10, but also from both sides of the processing tank 10 and the exhaust duct 26a.
For this reason, the temperature of the base material 12 can be efficiently given from the whole four sides, and the processing efficiency can be improved by reducing the temperature unevenness.
Furthermore, it is more effective to configure the exhaust duct 26c below the processing tank 10.

Moreover, the exhaust duct 26b should just be provided in at least any one of the process tank side plates 14 and 15, and in at least any one of the process tank side plates 14 and 15, only the exhaust duct 26b is used to connect the process tank 10 to the exhaust tank 26b. It is good to heat.
Thereby, it is not necessary to provide a heater on the processing tank side plates 14 and 15, and the apparatus configuration can be simplified and the power consumption can be reduced.
The deodorizing unit 27 is disposed below the processing tank 10, and the exhaust gas after passing through the deodorizing unit 27 is first passed through the exhaust duct 26 b of the right side plate 14 of the processing tank, and then to the exhaust duct 26 a in the processing tank 10. After passing, you may pass to the exhaust duct 26b of the left side board 15 of a processing tank.
In this case, a temperature difference occurs between the right side plate 14 of the processing tank and the left side plate 15 of the processing tank, but the same effect as the configuration shown in FIG. 1 can be obtained by adjusting the temperature with a heat insulating material or the like.

Here, the deodorizing part 27 and the exhaust duct 26b are not directly applied to the processing tank 10 (processing tank side plates 14 and 15), and it is preferable to provide a gap (or an interposed member).
The exhaust in the deodorizing unit 27 and the exhaust in the exhaust duct 26b are high in temperature. And if it hits directly to a processing tank, since the thing with low heat conductivity like air will not pass, the processing tank side plates 14 and 15 will be heated to high temperature, As a result, the microorganisms which process waste will be killed by high temperature. It is because it ends.
And since the exhaust duct 26b efficiently heats the base material 12 through the left side plate 15 of the processing tank, in this embodiment, the exhaust duct 26b is formed on the side surface of the left side plate 15 of the processing tank with a gap of 5 to 10 mm. It is configured to be provided and ventilated.
Aeration of the side surface of the left side plate 15 of the treatment tank is because the thermal conductivity of air is very low. Therefore, if the exhaust duct is separated from the treatment tank side plate by 5 to 10 mm or more, the heat transferred from the exhaust duct is sufficiently transmitted. It is because it is not possible.
Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 6 (a), 6 (b), 6 (c) and 6 (d), it is possible to pass through a location corresponding to the location where the substrate 12 is carried. desirable. For example, it is preferable that at least part of the projecting portions formed by projecting the exhaust duct 26b and the stirring region by the stirring blade 5 in the axial direction of the stirring shaft 6 overlap.
Thereby, heat can be positively given to the processing tank 10 also from the side wall, and furthermore, the heat can be efficiently supplied to the base material 12.

Further, since the exhaust duct 26b is configured on the left side plate 15 side of the treatment tank, a space in the width direction of the waste treatment apparatus is required.
Therefore, in order to save space, the exhaust duct 26 does not protrude in the width direction from the protruding portion of the bearing 7 that supports the stirring shaft 6.
For example, the exhaust duct 26 b is disposed in a region from the left side plate 15 of the processing tank to the vicinity of the end of the bearing 7 in a direction substantially orthogonal to the left side plate 15 of the processing tank.
Here, the cross-sectional shape of the exhaust duct 26b is more effective than the circular shape because the ventilation area can be increased by making the shape of a substantially rectangular shape that hardly protrudes in the width direction of the apparatus.
Thus, by configuring the exhaust duct 26b, it is not necessary to widen the width of the waste treatment apparatus in order to use the exhaust duct 26b, so that space saving can be achieved, resulting in a reduction in material. It is done.

Further, the space in which the exhaust duct 26b is provided may be enclosed by the left side plate 15 (outer wall) of the processing tank and the exterior portion 8, and the space of the exhaust duct 26b may be a closed chamber (closed space).
By making the chamber closed, the heat transfer gas can be confined, the unevenness of heat applied to the left side plate 15 of the processing tank can be reduced, and the entire left side plate 15 of the processing tank can be warmed more effectively.
Furthermore, by setting a boundary with the outside air, it also leads to heat insulation of the waste treatment apparatus. Since the waste heat is used for heating, the operation cost can be reduced and the operation efficiency can be improved.
In addition, a partition plate 11 (11a, 11b) for partitioning the inside of the processing tank 10 into a plurality of tanks is provided, and the thrown-in waste overflows sequentially, and the residue after decomposition treatment is put into the processing tank 10d on the side opposite to the charging port 22. The one provided with the discharge port 35 for taking out is configured as follows.
That is, a duct 32 that constitutes a gas circulation path in the processing tank 10 is provided outside the exhaust duct 26 a provided in the processing tank 10.
Then, an intake heat exchanging portion 36 that heats the intake air into the treatment tank in one air passage partitioned by the partition wall 38 that partitions the inside of the duct 32, and a circulation that heats the gas circulating in the tank in the other air passage. The heat exchange unit 37 is provided.
In addition, the intake heat exchanging unit 36 is configured to provide an outside air port 39 for taking in outside air and an intake port 17 for taking air into the processing tank 10 at the other end to heat the intake air into the processing tank 10.
Further, a gas suction port 33 for sucking the gas in the processing tank 10 into the duct 32 is provided on the input port 22 side, and a circulation fan 34 for circulating the gas in the processing tank 10 is provided on the discharge port 35 side. Yes.

With such a configuration, the waste introduced into the first treatment tank 10b from the introduction port 22 rotates the agitation shaft 6 having the agitation blade 5 to rotate the base material 12 filled in the treatment tank 10 and The decomposition process starts after stirring and mixing evenly.
When the treatments decomposed in the first treatment tank 10b increase, the treatments overflowing from the partition plates 11a and 11b provided in the treatment tank 10 are the second treatment tank 10c and the third treatment tank. Move to 10d.
When the processed product is accumulated in the third processing tank 10d, the discharge lid 40 can be opened to recover the processed product from the discharge port 35.
A magnet 41 is attached to the discharge lid 40, and the discharge lid 40 is opened.
Accordingly, the control unit 23 can detect that the magnet 41 attached to the discharge lid 40 is separated from the discharge lid open / close detection sensor 42 and the discharge lid 40 is opened by the discharge lid open / close detection sensor 42 being cut.
If the drive motor 1 is rotating when the discharge lid 40 is opened, it stops.
To discharge the processed material from the discharge port 35, the drive motor 1 is rotated by pushing a discharge start switch (not shown), and the stirring blade 5 removes the processed material in the third processing tank 10d from the discharge port 35 to the outside. It can be discharged by pushing it out.
The rotation of the drive motor 1 at this time can be performed by alternately repeating forward rotation and reverse rotation, and the rotation time can be rotated for a fixed time, and the discharge operation can be stopped by operating the switch. But it is possible.
In this embodiment, rotation in one direction in the direction of scraping the processed material with respect to the discharge port 35 is preferable because the discharge time is short.

Here, the discharge lid open / close detection means including the magnet 41 attached to the discharge lid 40 and the discharge lid open / close detection sensor 42 is composed of a magnetic sensor that reacts to magnetism attached to the processing tank 10.
However, the present invention is not limited to this configuration, and a protrusion may be provided on the discharge lid 40, and the protrusion may be detected by an optical sensor attached to the processing tank 10 side.
The discharge lid opening / closing detection sensor 42 uses a non-contact magnetic detection sensor in the present embodiment, but may be a mechanical micro switch.
Further, the attachment position of the discharge lid open / close detection sensor 42 can be provided by attaching a detection sensor to the discharge lid 40 side, the treatment tank 10 side, or one of the discharge lid 40 and the treatment tank 10 and attaching a detection member to the other. is there.

In addition, the first treatment tank 10b into which the waste is introduced has a high moisture content of 20 to 60% due to the input waste containing moisture or the generation of moisture accompanying the decomposition treatment, The environment is easy to activate.
On the other hand, the processed product discharged from the third processing tank 10d is desired to be dried because the disposal process is easier in the dry state.
In addition, the intake air heat exchange unit 36 exchanges heat with the high-temperature air (250 ° C. in the standard mode) generated from the deodorization unit 27 and heats and intakes the air into the treatment tank 10.
In the circulation heat exchange unit 37, the gas in the treatment tank 10 sucked by the circulation fan 34 is heat-exchanged with the high-temperature air (250 ° C. in the standard mode) generated from the deodorization unit 27, and the gas in the treatment tank 10 is changed. Can be heated.
Furthermore, the gas in the processing tank 10 is circulated by the circulation fan 34, so that the gas temperature in the processing tank 10 rises and the moisture evaporation from the base material 12 and the processed material is promoted. And the amount of moisture contained per 1 m ³ of gas in the processing tank 10 increases, and the ability to evaporate the moisture contained in the mixture and discharge it to the outside of the mixture is improved.

The control mode, which is a characteristic configuration of the present invention, under the configuration of the waste treatment apparatus as described above will be described.
The presence or absence of waste input is detected by detecting whether the input lid 21 is opened or closed by the input lid open / close detection sensor 20.
That is, when the closing lid opening / closing detection sensor 20 detects the opening of the closing lid 21, it is determined that the introduction of waste is started, and the closing lid opening / closing sensor 20 confirms that the closing lid 21 has changed from the open state to the closed state. When it is detected, it is judged that the introduction of waste has been completed.
Alternatively, when it is detected that a start button (not shown) for restarting the operation operation stopped by opening / closing the charging lid 21 is detected, it is determined that the input of the waste has been completed.

The operation mode has three modes: a standard mode, a dehumidification mode, and a moisture retention mode.
In addition, a power-saving mode for reducing power consumption includes a sleep mode and a long-term sleep mode. The power saving mode first enters the suspension mode according to the elapsed time from the previous waste input, and then shifts to the long-term suspension mode when a state in which no waste is input continues for a predetermined time.
Immediately after the completion of waste input, operation in the selected operation mode is started.
During operation in the standard mode, the moisture content of the base material is measured by the moisture content detection sensor 13 every preset time (for example, every 4 hours). Control to automatically switch to dehumidification mode in the mode and dry state.

In the standard mode shown in FIG. 7, the first stirring frequency is 15 minutes for 30 minutes for the first time, and 10 minutes for every 30 minutes after the second cycle. The exhaust fan 16a rotates at a high speed, the circulation fan 34 has a duty of 30%, the catalyst heater 27a has a temperature of 250 ° C., the first surface heater 9 has a temperature of 70 to 80 ° C., the second surface heater 9 has a 80 Controlled to ~ 90 ° C.
In the moisturizing mode shown in FIG. 7, the stirring frequency is 15 minutes for the first 30 minutes, and 10 minutes for every 60 minutes after the second cycle. The exhaust fan 16a is rotated at a low speed, the circulation fan 34 is 10% duty, the catalyst heater 27a is 250 ° C., the first surface heater 9 is 70 to 80 ° C., the second surface heater 9 is 80 Controlled to ~ 90 ° C.
In the dehumidifying mode shown in FIG. 7, the first stirring frequency is 15 minutes for 30 minutes for the first time, and 15 minutes for every 30 minutes after the second cycle. The exhaust fan 16a is rotated at a high speed, the circulation fan 34 is 100% duty, the catalyst heater 27a is 280 ° C., the first surface heater 9 is 80 ° C., and the third surface heater 9 is 90 ° C. I have control.

As shown in FIG. 7, after 30 hours or more in the standard mode, 20 hours or more in the moisturizing mode, and 70 hours or more in the dehumidifying mode after the previous waste input, the mode automatically shifts to the sleep mode for saving power consumption. Control is in progress.
In the rest mode, the stirring frequency is stirring for 10 minutes every 120 minutes, the exhaust fan 16a rotates at a low speed, and the circulation fan 34 rotates for 15 minutes after starting stirring.
In addition, the catalyst heater 27a is controlled to 250 ° C., the first planar heater 9 is 70 to 80 ° C., and the second and third planar heaters 9 are controlled to 80 to 90 ° C.
The operation in the pause mode is continued until new waste is input, that is, until the input lid opening / closing detection sensor 20 detects the opening of the input lid 21.

In the pause mode, the power consumption is reduced by reducing the agitation frequency and the air volume of the exhaust fan 16a and the circulation fan 34, draining water even when the substrate 12 is easy to dry without waste input for a long period of time. And the drying of the substrate 12 and the waste can be prevented.
Further, the exhaust from the inside of the treatment tank is heated to 250 ° C. by the catalyst heater 27a, so that even if it is cooled by the outside air, condensation occurs in the exhaust duct 26, and liquid dripping does not occur from the exhaust fan lower portion 16b.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7, in the standard mode, the moisturizing mode, and the dehumidifying mode, control is performed to automatically shift to the long-term sleep mode after 120 hours or more have elapsed since the previous waste input.
Since the input waste can be decomposed within 24 hours, there is almost no odor generated by decomposition when 120 hours or more have elapsed.
Therefore, even if the heating temperature of the catalyst heater 27a is lowered, odor does not leak out of the waste treatment apparatus.
Therefore, in the long-term pause mode, the stirring frequency is 10 minutes for 240 minutes, the exhaust fan 16a rotates at a low speed, and the circulation fan 34 rotates for 30 minutes after the start of stirring. And even if the catalyst heater 27a is controlled at 100 ° C, the first planar heater 9 is 35 ° C, and the third planar heater 9 is 35 ° C, odor leaks out of the waste treatment apparatus. There is no.
The operation in the long-term pause mode is continued until new waste is input, that is, until the input lid opening / closing detection sensor 20 detects the opening of the input lid 21.
That is, in the long-term pause mode, control is performed to reduce the stirring frequency, the air flow rate of the circulation fan 34, and the heating temperature of the catalyst heater 27a and the planar heater 9 in the pause mode.
For this reason, power consumption can be reduced, waste can not be input over a long period of time, and even when the substrate 12 is easily dried, moisture discharge can be suppressed and drying of the substrate 12 and the waste can be prevented.
Further, since the exhaust from the treatment tank is heated to 100 ° C. by the catalyst heater 27a, even if it is cooled to the outside air, condensation occurs in the exhaust duct 26, and liquid dripping does not occur from the exhaust fan lower portion 16b.
Thus, when there is no waste input, the power consumption can be reduced by shifting to the suspension mode and the long-term suspension mode.
At the same time, even if the control is performed in the pause mode and the long-term pause mode, the exhaust from the inside of the treatment tank is heated by the catalyst heater 27a, so that condensation of the exhaust duct 26 is prevented and liquid dripping from the exhaust fan lower portion 16b is prevented. It is possible to provide a waste treatment apparatus for preventing the waste.

According to the present embodiment described above, when there is no input of waste for a preset time or more, the mode shifts to the power saving mode, and the exhaust from the processing tank is exhausted through the exhaust path even during operation in the power saving mode. It can control to heat to the temperature which does not condense until it exhausts out of a processing tank after that.
Thereby, it is possible to prevent the exhaust path from being condensed by being cooled by the outside air when the moist and warm gas in the treatment tank flows out through the exhaust path.
In addition, dripping from the lower part of the exhaust fan due to condensation to the outside of the waste treatment apparatus can be prevented, and the periphery of the waste treatment apparatus can be kept clean.
Furthermore, power consumption can be reduced by controlling the deodorizing device to lower the heating temperature.

It is a schematic perspective view which shows the structure of the waste disposal apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the waste disposal apparatus seen from A view of FIG. It is a schematic perspective view at the time of the exterior cover mounting | wearing of the waste disposal apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure in the ventilation path | route in the waste disposal apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the positional relationship of the deodorizing part and ventilation fan in the waste processing apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a waste treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the driving | operation specification of the waste processing apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1: Drive motor 2: Small sprocket 3: Chain 4: Large sprocket 5: Agitation blade 6: Agitation shaft 7: Bearing 8 supporting the agitation shaft: Exterior part (frame)
9: Surface heater (heating means)
10, 10b, 10c, 10d: Treatment tank 11: Partition plate 12: Base material 13: Moisture content detection sensor 14: Right side plate (side wall) of treatment tank
15: Left side plate (side wall) of treatment tank
16a: Exhaust fan 16b: Exhaust fan lower part 17: Intake port 18: Exhaust port 19: Magnet 20 attached to the input lid: Input lid open / close detection sensor 21: Input lid 22: Input port 23: Control unit 24: Vent 25: Dust removal filter 26, 26a, 26b, 26c: exhaust duct (pipe)
27: Deodorization part (deodorization means)
27a: catalyst heater 27b: oxidation catalyst 28: temperature sensor 29: outside air intake port 30: bottom plate 31: ventilation fan 32: duct 33: gas suction port 34: circulation fan 35: discharge port 36: intake heat exchange unit 37: circulation heat Exchanger 38: partition 39: outside air port 40: discharge lid 41: magnet 42 attached to the discharge lid: discharge lid open / close detection sensor

Claims (6)

A treatment tank provided with a charging port and a charging lid for opening and closing the charging port;
When the waste and the base material mixed in the treatment tank are stirred from the inlet of the treatment tank and the waste is decomposed, the exhaust gas with odor generated in the treatment tank is heated and deodorized. Deodorized by heating,
A waste treatment method in which the heat-deodorized exhaust is discharged outside a treatment tank by an exhaust fan, and waste treatment is performed.
By using a closing lid opening / closing detecting means for detecting opening / closing of the closing lid, when the opening / closing of the closing lid is not detected for a preset time or longer, the first power saving mode reduces the rotation speed of the exhaust fan. Waste disposal,
The deodorization used to prevent dripping due to dew condensation when the opening / closing of the charging lid is not detected for a preset time or longer after performing the waste treatment in the first power saving mode. A waste treatment method, characterized in that the waste treatment is performed in a second power saving mode in which the heating temperature of the means is lower than that in the first power saving mode . The waste treatment method according to claim 1, wherein in the first power saving mode, the waste treatment is performed by reducing the frequency of stirring. There is a circulation duct constituting a gas circulation passage in the treatment tank outside the piping in the treatment tank, and the circulation duct has a gas suction port in the treatment tank on one end side, and the other end side. A circulation fan for blowing the gas is provided in
3. The waste treatment method according to claim 1, wherein, in the first power saving mode, the waste treatment is performed by lowering a rotation speed of the circulation fan. A processing tank for disassembling the waste input from the input port, comprising an input lid for opening and closing the input port at the input port for inputting the waste,
A heating and deodorizing means for heating and deodorizing exhaust gas accompanied by an odor generated in the treatment tank when decomposing the waste;
An exhaust fan that exhausts the odor deodorized by heating to the outside of the treatment tank via piping inside the treatment tank and outside the treatment tank,
A closing lid opening / closing detecting means for detecting opening / closing of the closing lid is provided,
When the closing lid opening / closing detection means does not detect opening / closing of the closing lid for a preset time or more, the waste treatment is performed in the first power saving mode in which the rotational speed of the exhaust fan is reduced,
The deodorization used to prevent dripping due to dew condensation when the opening / closing of the charging lid is not detected for a preset time or longer after performing the waste treatment in the first power saving mode. The waste treatment is characterized in that the waste treatment operation control is performed in a second power saving mode in which the heating temperature of the means is lowered from the first power saving mode and heated. Equipment . The agitator has a stirring means for mixing the waste introduced from the charging port and the base material, and the agitating means is configured to reduce the agitation frequency of the agitating means in the first power saving mode. The waste treatment apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein There is a circulation duct constituting a gas circulation passage in the treatment tank outside the piping in the treatment tank, and the circulation duct has a gas suction port in the treatment tank on one end side, and the other end side. A circulation fan for blowing the gas is provided in
The waste treatment apparatus according to claim 4 or 5 , wherein the circulation fan is configured to be able to reduce a rotation speed of the circulation fan in the first power saving mode.

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