JP4722585B2 - An electricity reduction system for collective housing using solar cells and / or cubicles that can reduce not only electricity charges but also CO2 emissions - Google Patents

An electricity reduction system for collective housing using solar cells and / or cubicles that can reduce not only electricity charges but also CO2 emissions Download PDF

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JP4722585B2
JP4722585B2 JP2005190761A JP2005190761A JP4722585B2 JP 4722585 B2 JP4722585 B2 JP 4722585B2 JP 2005190761 A JP2005190761 A JP 2005190761A JP 2005190761 A JP2005190761 A JP 2005190761A JP 4722585 B2 JP4722585 B2 JP 4722585B2
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JP2005287300A (en
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順治 田山
康男 桝本
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エフビットパワー株式会社
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

Description

本発明は、公営住宅やマンションなどの集合住宅の各戸の電力料金を節減することができ、さらにＣＯ２排出量をも削減することができる、集合住宅用電力削減システムに関する。 The present invention relates to a collective housing power reduction system that can reduce the electricity charge of each unit of a housing complex such as a public housing or a condominium, and can also reduce CO 2 emissions.

従来より、公営住宅やマンションなどの集合住宅においては、各戸が電力会社と個別に「低圧電力供給契約」を締結して、高圧電力配電線を流れる約６，０００Ｖの高圧電力を電力会社が管理する変圧器（配電線の電柱などに設置されている）により約１００Ｖ又は２００Ｖに変換した低圧電力を、電力会社から供給してもらっている。   Traditionally, in apartment houses such as public housing and condominiums, each house has signed a “low-voltage power supply contract” with an electric power company, and the electric power company manages about 6,000 V of high-voltage power flowing through the high-voltage power distribution line. A low voltage power converted to about 100V or 200V by a transformer (installed on a power pole of a distribution line) is supplied from an electric power company.

このような従来の「低圧電力供給契約」に対して、最近は、集合住宅の各戸の電力料金を削減するために、電力会社と集合住宅との間で「高圧電力供給契約」（業務用電力契約）を締結することが一部で採用されつつある。この「高圧電力供給契約」を締結した場合は、配電線を流れる約６，０００Ｖの高圧電力をそのまま集合住宅に供給してもらい、集合住宅側が管理する変圧器を含む受変電設備（集合住宅の片隅など設置される）により約１００Ｖ又は約２００Ｖの低圧に変換して各戸に配電・供給する、という方法（高圧一括受電低圧配電方法）が採られる（特許文献１参照）。   In contrast to the conventional “low-voltage power supply contract”, recently, a “high-voltage power supply contract” (commercial power (Contract) is being adopted in part. When this “high-voltage power supply contract” is concluded, the high-voltage power of about 6,000V flowing through the distribution line is supplied to the apartment house as it is, and the substation equipment including the transformer managed by the apartment house side (of the apartment house) A method of converting to a low voltage of about 100 V or about 200 V and distributing / supplying to each house (high voltage collective power reception low voltage distribution method) is adopted (see Patent Document 1).

この方法によるメリットは、一般に「高圧電力供給契約」による電力は電力会社側の変圧器の管理コストが不要であるなどの理由から電力料金が低く設定されているので、この料金が低く設定されている高圧電力を集合住宅側が一括受電して、その一括受電した高圧電力を自らが比較的安いコストで管理する変圧器により低圧に変換して各戸に配電・供給するようにすれば、変圧器などの管理コストを含めても、集合住宅の全体の電力コストが大きく削減されることになる、というものである。
特開２００２−１５９１３８号公報 The merit of this method is that the power charge is generally set low because the power supply by the “high voltage power supply contract” does not require the management cost of the transformer on the power company side. If the apartment house side collects the high-voltage power that is received, and converts the high-voltage power received collectively into a low voltage by a transformer that is managed at a relatively low cost and distributes and supplies it to each house, a transformer, etc. Even if the management cost is included, the power cost of the entire apartment will be greatly reduced.
JP 2002-159138 A

しかしながら、前記特許文献１などが提案する高圧一括受電低圧配電方法は、単に、電力会社からの高圧電力を集合住宅側が受電してそれを自らが管理する受変電設備で低圧に変換して各戸に配電・供給するというだけのものであるから、各戸の電力料金が低くなること以上の付加価値を生むものではなかった。例えば、上記の高圧一括受電低圧配電方法によるか一般的な低圧契約の方法によるかは、要するに高圧電力を低圧に変換するための変換器を電力会社側が保有管理するか集合住宅側が保有管理するかの違いに過ぎないから、いずれの方法によっても、全体としてのＣＯ２発生量は全く変わるものではなかった。 However, the high-voltage collective power reception and low-voltage distribution method proposed by Patent Document 1 or the like simply receives the high-voltage power from the power company at the apartment house side and converts it into a low-voltage by the substation equipment managed by itself. Since it was just the distribution and supply of electricity, it did not create any added value beyond the fact that the electricity charges at each house were lowered. For example, whether the above high-voltage collective power reception low-voltage distribution method or the general low-voltage contract method depends on whether the electric power company owns or manages the converter for converting high-voltage power to low-voltage. Therefore, the total amount of generated CO 2 was not changed at all by either method.

本発明は、『極めて単純な構成から成るシステム』を集合住宅に備えるだけで、集合住宅全体の電気料金とＣＯ ２ 排出量を大幅に削減することを可能にした、「電力会社からの高圧電力を送電する高圧送電線」と「集合住宅の各戸に電力を分配するための分電盤」との間に介設される電力の圧力変換及び分配のためのシステムに適用される集合住宅用電力削減システム、を提供することを目的とするものである。 The present invention makes it possible to drastically reduce the electricity bill and CO 2 emissions of the entire apartment by simply providing the system with a “simple configuration” in the apartment. The power for collective housing applied to the system for pressure conversion and distribution of power interposed between the “high-voltage transmission line for transmitting power” and the “distribution panel for distributing power to each door of the apartment” The purpose is to provide a reduction system .

本発明は、「電力会社からの高圧電力を送電する高圧送電線」と「集合住宅の各戸に電力を分配するための分電盤」との間に介設される電力の圧力変換及び分配のためのシステムに適用される集合住宅用電力削減システムであって、電力会社からの高圧電力を受電してこれを低圧に変換して分電盤へ供給するキュービクルと、前記キュービクル及び後記の蓄電池からの電力が供給される分電盤と、太陽からの光エネルギーを電気エネルギーに変換する太陽電池と、前記太陽電池からの電力と前記キュービクルからの電力を充電する蓄電池と、前記蓄電池からの直流電力を交流電力に変換して前記分電盤に供給する、ＤＣ−ＡＣコンバータを含むパワーコンディショナーと、前記キュービクルからの交流電力を直流電力に変換して前記蓄電池に供給するＡＣ−ＤＣコンバータと、前記ＡＣ−ＤＣコンバータと前記蓄電池との間に接続されており、両者を電気的に接続又は切断するための、ＡＣ−ＤＣコンバータ及び蓄電池間タイマ付きスイッチであって、タイマを内蔵しており、後述の制御手段からの接続指示信号に基づいて、前記のタイマにより、電力料金に深夜割引が適用される時間帯だけ、前記ＡＣ−ＤＣコンバータと前記蓄電池との間を電気的に接続するように動作する、ＡＣ−ＤＣコンバータ及び蓄電池間タイマ付きスイッチと、前記蓄電池と前記パワーコンディショナーとの間に接続され、両者を電気的に接続又は切断するための、蓄電池及びパワーコンディショナー間タイマ付きスイッチと、前記パワーコンディショナーと前記分電盤との間に接続され、両者を電気的に接続又は切断するための、パワーコンディショナー及び分電盤間タイマスイッチと、前記キュービクルと前記分電盤との間に接続されており、両者を電気的に接続又は切断するための、キュービクル及び分電盤間タイマスイッチと、前記蓄電池の充電電圧を検出するための検出手段と、前記検出手段からの出力に基づいて、（ア）前記の太陽電池からの電力をも蓄電する蓄電池の充電電圧が所定の値より低いときは、前記ＡＣ−ＤＣコンバータと前記蓄電池とを接続することを指示する接続指示信号を、前記ＡＣ−ＤＣコンバータ及び蓄電池間タイマ付きスイッチに出力すると共に、前記キュービクルと前記分電盤とを接続することを指示する接続指示信号を、前記キュービクル及び分電盤間タイマスイッチに出力し、（イ）前記の太陽電池からの電力をも蓄電する蓄電池の充電電圧が所定の値よりも高いときは、前記蓄電池と前記パワーコンディショナーとを接続することを指示する接続指示信号を、前記蓄電池及びパワーコンディショナー間タイマ付きスイッチに出力すると共に、前記パワーコンディショナーと前記分電盤とを接続することを指示する接続指示信号を、前記パワーコンディショナー及び分電盤間タイマスイッチに出力する、という『ただ１つの分岐処理』を行う制御手段と、を備え、前記制御手段による制御と前記ＡＣ−ＤＣコンバータ及び蓄電池間タイマ付きスイッチの動作とにより、（Ａ）前記の太陽電池からの電力をも蓄電する蓄電池に蓄積されている電気エネルギー量が所定の値より少ない場合だけ、前記キュービクルからの電力を前記分電盤に供給するようにし、（Ｂ）前記の太陽電池からの電力をも蓄電する蓄電池に蓄積されている電気エネルギー量が所定の値より少ない場合であって且つ電力料金に深夜割引が適用される時間帯である場合だけ、前記キュービクルからの電力を前記蓄電池に供給（充電）するようにし、且つ、（Ｃ）前記の太陽電池からの電力をも蓄電する蓄電池に蓄積されている電気エネルギー量が所定の値より多い場合だけ、前記蓄電池からの直流電力を交流電力に変換して前記分電盤に供給するようにし、これにより、『極めて単純な構成から成るシステム』を集合住宅に備えるだけで、集合住宅全体の電気料金とＣＯ２排出量を大幅に削減することを可能にした、太陽電池とキュービクルを不可欠の要素とする集合住宅用電力削減システムである。 The present invention relates to pressure conversion and distribution of electric power interposed between “a high-voltage transmission line for transmitting high-voltage power from an electric power company” and “distribution panel for distributing electric power to each house of an apartment house”. A power reduction system for collective housing applied to a system for power supply, comprising a cubicle that receives high voltage power from an electric power company, converts it to low voltage and supplies it to a distribution board, and the cubicle and a storage battery described later A distribution board to which electric power is supplied, a solar cell that converts light energy from the sun into electric energy, a storage battery that charges the electric power from the solar cell and the cubicle, and direct-current power from the storage battery A power conditioner including a DC-AC converter for converting the AC power to the distribution board and converting the AC power from the cubicle into DC power to the storage battery An AC-DC converter for supplying power, and a switch with a timer between the AC-DC converter and the storage battery, which is connected between the AC-DC converter and the storage battery and electrically connects or disconnects both. And a timer, and based on a connection instruction signal from the control means to be described later, the timer is used between the AC-DC converter and the storage battery only during a time period in which a midnight discount is applied to the power charge. An AC-DC converter and a switch with a battery-to-battery timer, a battery connected between the battery and the power conditioner, and electrically connecting or disconnecting both, Switch with timer between power conditioners, and connected between the power conditioner and the distribution board, A power conditioner and a timer switch between distribution boards for connecting or disconnecting, and a cubicle and a distribution board for connecting or disconnecting both electrically connected between the cubicle and the distribution board. Based on the inter-panel timer switch, the detecting means for detecting the charging voltage of the storage battery, and the output from the detecting means, (a) the charging voltage of the storage battery that also stores the electric power from the solar battery is predetermined. A connection instruction signal for instructing connection between the AC-DC converter and the storage battery is output to the switch with a timer between the AC-DC converter and the storage battery, and the cubicle and the power distribution A connection instruction signal for instructing connection to the panel is output to the cubicle and the distribution panel timer switch; When the charging voltage of the storage battery that also stores the electric power from the storage battery is higher than a predetermined value, a connection instruction signal instructing connection between the storage battery and the power conditioner is sent to the switch between the storage battery and the power conditioner. A control for performing “only one branch process” of outputting a connection instruction signal for instructing to connect the power conditioner and the distribution board to the power conditioner and the timer switch between the distribution boards. And (A) the electric energy stored in the storage battery that also stores the electric power from the solar battery by the control of the control means and the operation of the switch with the timer between the AC-DC converter and the storage battery. Supply power from the cubicle to the distribution board only when the amount is less than a predetermined value (B) When the amount of electrical energy stored in the storage battery that also stores the electric power from the solar battery is less than a predetermined value, and in the time zone in which the midnight discount is applied to the power rate Only in a certain case, the electric energy from the cubicle is supplied (charged) to the storage battery, and (C) the amount of electric energy stored in the storage battery that also stores the electric power from the solar battery is a predetermined value. Only when there are more, the DC power from the storage battery is converted into AC power and supplied to the distribution board, and thus, only by providing the “dwelling system with a very simple configuration” in the apartment house. This is a collective housing power reduction system that uses solar cells and cubicles as indispensable elements, making it possible to significantly reduce the overall electricity bill and CO 2 emissions.

本発明においては、前記制御手段は、前記太陽電池により発電された電気エネルギーが蓄電される前記蓄電池の充電エネルギー量（充電電圧）を検出して、前記蓄電池の充電エネルギー量が所定量よりも多いか少ないかだけに基づいて、In the present invention, the control means detects a charging energy amount (charging voltage) of the storage battery in which electrical energy generated by the solar battery is stored, and the charging energy amount of the storage battery is larger than a predetermined amount. Only based on whether or not
(ア) ＡＣ−ＤＣコンバータ及び蓄電池間タイマ付きスイッチ及びキュービクル及び分電盤間タイマスイッチへの接続指示信号の送信か、(A) Transmission of connection instruction signal to switch with timer between AC-DC converter and storage battery and timer switch between cubicle and distribution panel,
(イ)蓄電池及びパワーコンディショナー間タイマ付きスイッチ及びパワーコンディショナー及び分電盤間タイマスイッチへの接続指示信号の送信か、(B) Transmission of connection instruction signal to switch with timer between storage battery and power conditioner and timer switch between power conditioner and distribution panel,
のいずれかを行う、という『極めて単純な動作（ただ１つの分岐処理）』を行うようにしている。One of the following is performed: “Very simple operation (only one branch process)” is performed.
また、本発明においては、前記ＡＣ−ＤＣコンバータ及び蓄電池間タイマ付きスイッチは、電力料金に深夜割引が適用される時間帯だけＡＣ−ＤＣコンバータと蓄電池との間を接続するように（タイマで）設定されている。In the present invention, the AC-DC converter and the switch with storage battery timer are connected between the AC-DC converter and the storage battery (with a timer) only during a time zone in which a midnight discount is applied to the power charge. Is set.
したがって、本発明によれば、前記制御手段が前述のような『ただ1つの分岐処理を行うという極めて単純な動作』を行うだけで、したがってまた、そのような極めて単純な動作を行う制御手段を含む『極めて単純な構成から成るシステム』を集合住宅に備えるだけで、Therefore, according to the present invention, the control means only performs the “very simple operation of performing only one branch process” as described above, and therefore, the control means for performing such an extremely simple operation is also provided. Including a “system with a very simple structure”
(1)前記蓄電池の充電エネルギー量が十分でない場合は、前記キュービクルからの電力が分電盤に充電され（また、前記タイマ付きスイッチの動作により、割引料金が適用される深夜時間帯だけ、前記キュービクルからの電力が前記蓄電池に充電され）、(1) When the amount of charge energy of the storage battery is not sufficient, the power from the cubicle is charged to the distribution board (and only during the midnight hours when discount charges are applied by the operation of the switch with timer) Power from the cubicle is charged to the storage battery),
(2)前記蓄電池の充電エネルギー量が十分な場合は、前記の太陽電池により発電された電気エネルギーも蓄電している（そして場合により割引料金が適用される深夜時間帯の電力も蓄電される）蓄電池からの安価な電力が分電盤に供給されるようになって、(2) When the amount of charging energy of the storage battery is sufficient, the electric energy generated by the solar battery is also stored (and the electric power in the midnight hours where discounted charges are applied is also stored in some cases) Inexpensive power from the storage battery is supplied to the distribution board,
集合住宅全体の電気料金とＣＯElectricity charges and CO for the entire apartment complex ２2 排出量が大幅に削減されるようになる。Emissions will be greatly reduced.

また、本発明においては、前記検出手段により前記蓄電池に蓄積されている電気エネルギー量を検出し、この検出結果に基づいて、前記蓄電池に十分な量の電気エネルギーが蓄積されているときは、前記蓄電池からの電力（前記太陽電池による発電分を含む）だけを前記分電盤に供給し、電力会社からの電力は前記分電盤に供給しないようにすることができる。よって、本発明によれば、それだけ電力会社からの電力の使用量を減らすことができ、全体のＣＯ２排出量を削減することができる。 In the present invention, the detection means detects the amount of electric energy stored in the storage battery, and based on the detection result, when a sufficient amount of electric energy is stored in the storage battery, Only the electric power from the storage battery (including the power generated by the solar battery) can be supplied to the distribution board, and the electric power from the power company can be prevented from being supplied to the distribution board. Therefore, according to the present invention, the amount of power used by the power company can be reduced accordingly, and the total amount of CO 2 emission can be reduced.

また、本発明においては、前記制御手段により、前記蓄電池に蓄積されている電気エネルギー量が所定の値より少ない場合で、かつ電力料金に深夜割引が適用される時間帯である場合だけ、前記キュービクルからの電力を前記蓄電池に供給することができる。よって、本発明によれば、料金の安価な深夜電力で前記蓄電池への充電を行い、この蓄電池に充電した電気エネルギーを朝、昼間、夕方などの電力需要のために使用することができるので、各ユーザーは、単に高圧契約をしてキュービクルで低圧に変換して配電するだけの場合と比較して、より一層の電力料金の削減が可能になる。   In the present invention, the cubicle is used only when the amount of electrical energy stored in the storage battery is less than a predetermined value by the control means and when a midnight discount is applied to a power rate. Can be supplied to the storage battery. Therefore, according to the present invention, the storage battery can be charged with inexpensive late-night power, and the electric energy charged in the storage battery can be used for power demand in the morning, daytime, evening, etc. Each user can further reduce the electricity bill as compared with the case where the user simply makes a high-voltage contract and converts it into a low voltage in a cubicle and distributes power.

また、本発明による集合住宅用電力削減システムにおいては、前述のように電力会社からの高圧電力を低圧に変換するためのキュービクルを前記蓄電池にも接続するようにしているので、例えば電力料金の深夜割引が適用される深夜の時間帯だけ、前記キュービクルからの電力を前記蓄電池に供給して前記蓄電池への充電を行うことができる。よって、本発明によれば、前記の安価な深夜電力を蓄電池に充電した電気エネルギーを、朝、昼間、夕方などの電力需要のために使用することができるので、各ユーザーは、単に高圧契約をしてキュービクルで低圧に変換して配電するだけの場合と比較して、より一層の電力料金の削減が可能になる。   Further, in the collective housing power reduction system according to the present invention, the cubicle for converting the high voltage power from the electric power company to the low voltage is also connected to the storage battery as described above. It is possible to charge the storage battery by supplying power from the cubicle to the storage battery only during a midnight time period when the discount is applied. Therefore, according to the present invention, the electric energy obtained by charging the above-mentioned inexpensive late-night power to the storage battery can be used for power demand in the morning, daytime, evening, etc., so each user simply makes a high voltage contract. As a result, it is possible to further reduce the electricity charge as compared to the case where the cubicle is simply converted into a low voltage for distribution.

本発明を実施するための最良の形態は、以下の実施例１について述べるような形態である。   The best mode for carrying out the present invention is a mode as described in Example 1 below.

図１は本発明の実施例１による集合住宅用電力削減システムの全体構成を示す概念ブロック図、図２は本実施例１の主要部品の外観とそれらの接続状態を模式的に示す図である。   FIG. 1 is a conceptual block diagram showing the overall configuration of a collective housing power reduction system according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing the appearance of main components and their connection states in the first embodiment. .

図１及び図２において、１は電力会社の高圧電力配電線から高圧（例えば約６，６００Ｖ）の電力を受電してこれを低圧（例えば約１００Ｖ／２００Ｖ）に変換してこれを各戸の分電盤に配電するためのキュービクル（変圧器などの複数の機器により構成される受変電設備を一つの筐体の中に収容したもの）、２は前記キュービクル１により低圧に変換された電力を各戸の負荷機器（照明器具、冷蔵庫、エアコンなど）に供給するための分電盤、３は太陽光を電気エネルギーに変換するための太陽電池、４は前記太陽電池３が発電した電気エネルギー及び前記キュービクル１からの電気エネルギーを蓄積するための蓄電池、である。なお、図２において、３ａは前記太陽電池３と前記蓄電池４を接続する接続箱である。   1 and 2, reference numeral 1 indicates that a high-voltage (for example, about 6,600 V) power is received from a high-voltage power distribution line of an electric power company, and this is converted into a low-voltage (for example, about 100 V / 200 V). A cubicle for distributing power to the electrical panel (contains a receiving / transforming facility composed of a plurality of devices such as transformers in one casing), 2 is a power converted into a low voltage by the cubicle 1 Distribution board for supplying to load equipment (lighting fixtures, refrigerators, air conditioners, etc.), 3 is a solar cell for converting sunlight into electrical energy, 4 is electrical energy generated by the solar cell 3 and the cubicle 1 is a storage battery for storing electrical energy from 1. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 3 a denotes a junction box that connects the solar cell 3 and the storage battery 4.

また、図１において、５は前記キュービクル１からの交流電力を直流電力に変換して前記蓄電池４に送るためのＡＣ−ＤＣコンバータ、６は前記蓄電池４からの直流電力を交流電力に変換して前記分電盤２に送るためのパワーコンディショナー（ＤＣ−ＡＣコンバータを含む）、である。   In FIG. 1, 5 is an AC-DC converter for converting AC power from the cubicle 1 to DC power and sending it to the storage battery 4, and 6 is for converting DC power from the storage battery 4 to AC power. A power conditioner (including a DC-AC converter) for sending to the distribution board 2.

また、図１において、７は前記キュービクル１と前記分電盤２との間に接続されたインターロックＯＦＦタイマ付きスイッチ、８は前記ＡＣ−ＤＣコンバータ５と前記蓄電池４との間に接続されたタイマ付きスイッチ、９は前記蓄電池４と前記パワーコンディショナー６との間に接続された使用開始タイマ付きスイッチ及びテイクオフ盤、１０は前記パワーコンディショナー６と前記分電盤２との間に接続されたタイマ付きスイッチ、である。   In FIG. 1, 7 is a switch with an interlock OFF timer connected between the cubicle 1 and the distribution board 2, and 8 is connected between the AC-DC converter 5 and the storage battery 4. A switch with a timer, 9 is a switch with a use start timer connected between the storage battery 4 and the power conditioner 6 and a take-off panel, 10 is a timer connected between the power conditioner 6 and the distribution board 2 With a switch.

また、図１において、１１は前記蓄電池４の充電電圧を検出するための電圧センサ、である。また、１２は、前記電圧センサ１１からの出力に基づいて、前記インターロックＯＦＦタイマ付きスイッチ７、前記タイマ付きスイッチ８、前記使用開始タイマ付きスイッチ及びテイクオフ盤９、及びタイマ付きスイッチ１０を制御するためのマイクロコンピュータなどにより構成される制御装置、である。   In FIG. 1, reference numeral 11 denotes a voltage sensor for detecting the charging voltage of the storage battery 4. Further, 12 controls the switch 7 with an interlock OFF timer, the switch 8 with a timer, the switch with a use timer and the take-off panel 9 and the switch 10 with a timer based on an output from the voltage sensor 11. A control device including a microcomputer for the purpose.

次に、本実施例１の動作を説明する。晴天などの昼間は、太陽光を受けて前記太陽電池３により活発な発電が行われ、これにより得られた電気エネルギーが前記蓄電池４に蓄積されていく。また、前記制御装置１２は、前記電圧センサ１１からの出力に基づいて、前記蓄電池４の充電電圧が所定の値よりも低い場合だけ、前記タイマ付きスイッチ８に向けて接続指示信号を出力する。この結果、前記タイマ付きスイッチ８は、前記制御装置１２から接続指示信号が入力された場合（前記蓄電池４の充電電圧が所定の値よりも低い場合）であって、且つ、内蔵されたタイマにより、深夜の割引料金が適用される時間帯だけ、前記ＡＣ−ＤＣコンバータ５と前記蓄電池４を接続させる。これにより、前記蓄電池４に十分な電気エネルギーが蓄積されていない場合で且つ深夜割引料金が適用される時間帯だけ、前記キュービクル１からの安価な電力が前記蓄電池４に蓄積される。 Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described. During the daytime such as sunny weather, the solar battery 3 receives active sunlight and actively generates power, and the electric energy obtained thereby is accumulated in the storage battery 4. The control device 12 outputs a connection instruction signal to the timer-equipped switch 8 only when the charging voltage of the storage battery 4 is lower than a predetermined value based on the output from the voltage sensor 11. As a result, the timer-equipped switch 8 is when the connection instruction signal is input from the control device 12 (when the charging voltage of the storage battery 4 is lower than a predetermined value), and by the built-in timer. The AC-DC converter 5 and the storage battery 4 are connected only during a time zone in which a late night discount charge is applied . Thereby, cheap electric power from the cubicle 1 is accumulated in the storage battery 4 only when the storage battery 4 does not store enough electrical energy and only during the time when the late night discount charge is applied.

また、前記制御装置１２は、前記電圧センサ１１からの出力に基づいて、前記蓄電池４の充電電圧が所定の値よりも高いときは、前記使用開始タイマ付きスイッチ及びテイクオフ盤９と前記タイマ付きスイッチ１０とに向けて接続指示信号を出力する。前記使用開始タイマ付きスイッチ及びテイクオフ盤９と前記タイマ付きスイッチ１０は、前記制御装置１２からの接続指示信号が入力されると、それぞれ、前記蓄電池４と前記パワーコンディショナー６、及び前記パワーコンディショナー１０と前記分電盤２を、電気的に接続させる。これにより、前記蓄電池４に十分な電気エネルギーが蓄積されている場合だけ、前記蓄電池４から前記分電盤２に向けて電力が供給される。   When the charging voltage of the storage battery 4 is higher than a predetermined value based on the output from the voltage sensor 11, the control device 12 uses the switch with start timer and the take-off board 9 and the switch with timer. 10 to output a connection instruction signal. When the connection start signal from the control device 12 is input to the switch with start timer and take-off panel 9 and the switch with timer 10, the storage battery 4, the power conditioner 6, and the power conditioner 10, respectively, The distribution board 2 is electrically connected. Thereby, electric power is supplied from the storage battery 4 toward the distribution board 2 only when sufficient electrical energy is stored in the storage battery 4.

また、前記制御装置１２は、前記電圧センサ１１からの出力に基づいて、前記蓄電池４の充電電圧が所定の値よりも低いときは、前記のインターロックＯＦＦタイマ付きスイッチ７に向けて接続指示信号を出力する。前記タイマ付きスイッチ７は、前記制御装置１２からの接続指示信号が入力されると、前記キュービクル１と前記分電盤２を接続させる。これにより、前記蓄電池４に十分な電気エネルギーが蓄積されていない場合だけ、前記キュービクル１から前記分電盤２に電力が供給される。   Further, when the charging voltage of the storage battery 4 is lower than a predetermined value based on the output from the voltage sensor 11, the control device 12 sends a connection instruction signal to the switch 7 with an interlock OFF timer. Is output. The switch with timer 7 connects the cubicle 1 and the distribution board 2 when a connection instruction signal is input from the control device 12. Thereby, electric power is supplied from the cubicle 1 to the distribution board 2 only when sufficient electric energy is not accumulated in the storage battery 4.

以上のように、本実施例１では、前記太陽電池３により発電された電気エネルギーが前記蓄電池４に随時蓄積されていく。また、深夜割引料金が適用される安価な電力が前記キュービクル１から前記蓄電池４に供給され、前記蓄電池４の充電が安価に行われる。そして、前記蓄電池４に十分な電気エネルギーが蓄積されている場合は、前記蓄電池４からの電力が優先的（選択的）に前記分電盤２に供給され、前記キュービクル１からの電力は前記分電盤２には供給されない（前記蓄電池４に十分な電気エネルギーが蓄積されていない場合だけ、前記キュービクル１からの電力が前記分電盤２に供給される）。   As described above, in the first embodiment, the electric energy generated by the solar cell 3 is accumulated in the storage battery 4 as needed. In addition, inexpensive electric power to which a late night discount fee is applied is supplied from the cubicle 1 to the storage battery 4, and the storage battery 4 is charged at low cost. When sufficient electric energy is stored in the storage battery 4, the power from the storage battery 4 is preferentially (selectively) supplied to the distribution board 2, and the power from the cubicle 1 is It is not supplied to the switchboard 2 (the electric power from the cubicle 1 is supplied to the distribution board 2 only when sufficient electric energy is not stored in the storage battery 4).

このように、本実施例１によれば、前記太陽電池３により発電された電気エネルギーが前記蓄電池４を介して優先的に各家庭の負荷機器に（前記分電盤２を介して）供給され、その分だけ電力会社から供給される電力の消費量を大きく減らすことができ、その結果、集合住宅全体のＣＯ２排出量を大幅に減らせるようになる。また、本実施例１によれば、朝・昼間・夕方の電力需要に対しても、安価な深夜電力による電気エネルギーを前記蓄電池４を介して各家庭の負荷機器に（前記分電盤２を介して）供給することができるので、集合住宅のユーザーにとって、より一層の電気料金の削減が可能になる。 As described above, according to the first embodiment, the electrical energy generated by the solar cell 3 is preferentially supplied to the load device in each home via the storage battery 4 (via the distribution board 2). Therefore, the amount of electric power supplied from the electric power company can be greatly reduced, and as a result, the CO 2 emission amount of the entire apartment can be greatly reduced. In addition, according to the first embodiment, even in the morning / daytime / evening power demand, the electric energy generated by the inexpensive late-night power is supplied to the load devices of each home via the storage battery 4 (the distribution board 2 is installed). The electricity bill can be further reduced for apartment users.

次に、本発明の実施例２による集合住宅用電力削減システムを図３，４を参照して説明する。図３は本実施例２による集合住宅用電力削減システムの全体構成を示す概念ブロック図、図４は本実施例２の主要部品の外観とそれらの接続状態を模式的に示す図である。図３及び図４において、図１，２と共通する部分には同一の符号を付して説明を省略する。   Next, an apartment house power reduction system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 3 is a conceptual block diagram showing the overall configuration of the collective housing power reduction system according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing the appearance of main components and their connection states in the second embodiment. 3 and 4, the same reference numerals are given to portions common to FIGS. 1 and 2, and description thereof is omitted.

本実施例２では、前記制御装置１２は、前記電圧センサ１１からの出力に基づいて、前記蓄電池４の充電電圧が所定の値よりも低い場合だけ、前記タイマ付きスイッチ８に向けて接続指示信号を出力する。この結果、前記タイマ付きスイッチ８は、内蔵されたタイマにより深夜の割引料金が適用される時間帯であって、且つ前記制御装置１２から接続指示信号が入力された場合（前記蓄電池４の充電電圧が所定の値よりも低い場合）だけ、前記ＡＣ−ＤＣコンバータ５と前記蓄電池４を接続させる。これにより、前記蓄電池４に十分な電気エネルギーが蓄積されていない場合で且つ深夜割引料金が適用される時間帯だけ、前記キュービクル１からの安価な電力が前記蓄電池４に蓄積される。   In the second embodiment, the control device 12 sends a connection instruction signal to the timer-equipped switch 8 only when the charging voltage of the storage battery 4 is lower than a predetermined value based on the output from the voltage sensor 11. Is output. As a result, the timer-equipped switch 8 is in a time zone in which a late-night discount charge is applied by the built-in timer and a connection instruction signal is input from the control device 12 (the charging voltage of the storage battery 4 The AC-DC converter 5 and the storage battery 4 are connected only when the value is lower than a predetermined value. Thereby, cheap electric power from the cubicle 1 is accumulated in the storage battery 4 only when the storage battery 4 does not store enough electrical energy and only during the time when the late night discount charge is applied.

また、前記制御装置１２は、前記電圧センサ１１からの出力に基づいて、前記蓄電池４の充電電圧が所定の値よりも高いときは、前記使用開始タイマ付きスイッチ及びテイクオフ盤９と前記タイマ付きスイッチ１０とに向けて接続指示信号を出力する。前記使用開始タイマ付きスイッチ及びテイクオフ盤９と前記タイマ付きスイッチ１０は、前記制御装置１２からの接続指示信号が入力されると、それぞれ、前記蓄電池４と前記パワーコンディショナー６、及び前記パワーコンディショナー１０と前記分電盤２を、電気的に接続させる。これにより、前記蓄電池４に十分な電気エネルギーが蓄積されている場合だけ、前記蓄電池４から前記分電盤２に電力が供給される。   When the charging voltage of the storage battery 4 is higher than a predetermined value based on the output from the voltage sensor 11, the control device 12 uses the switch with start timer and the take-off board 9 and the switch with timer. 10 to output a connection instruction signal. When the connection start signal from the control device 12 is input to the switch with start timer and take-off panel 9 and the switch with timer 10, the storage battery 4, the power conditioner 6, and the power conditioner 10, respectively, The distribution board 2 is electrically connected. Thereby, electric power is supplied from the storage battery 4 to the distribution board 2 only when sufficient electric energy is stored in the storage battery 4.

また、前記制御装置１２は、前記電圧センサ１１からの出力に基づいて、前記蓄電池４の充電電圧が所定の値よりも低いときは、前記のインターロックＯＦＦタイマ付きスイッチ７に向けて接続指示信号を出力する。前記タイマ付きスイッチ７は、前記制御装置１２からの接続指示信号が入力されると、前記キュービクル１と前記分電盤２を接続させる。これにより、前記蓄電池４に十分な電気エネルギーが蓄積されていない場合だけ、前記キュービクル１から前記分電盤２に電力が供給される。   Further, when the charging voltage of the storage battery 4 is lower than a predetermined value based on the output from the voltage sensor 11, the control device 12 sends a connection instruction signal to the switch 7 with an interlock OFF timer. Is output. The switch with timer 7 connects the cubicle 1 and the distribution board 2 when a connection instruction signal is input from the control device 12. Thereby, electric power is supplied from the cubicle 1 to the distribution board 2 only when sufficient electric energy is not stored in the storage battery 4.

以上のように、本実施例２では、前記の実施例２と同様に、深夜割引料金が適用される安価な電力が前記キュービクル１から前記蓄電池４に供給され、前記蓄電池４の充電が安価に行われる。そして、前記蓄電池４に十分な電気エネルギーが蓄積されている場合は、前記蓄電池４からの電力が優先的（選択的）に前記分電盤２に供給され、前記キュービクル１からの電力は前記分電盤２には供給されない（前記蓄電池４に十分な電気エネルギーが蓄積されていない場合だけ、前記キュービクル１からの電力が前記分電盤２に供給される）。よって、本実施例２によっても、前記の実施例１におけると同様に、朝・昼間・夕方の電力需要に対しても、深夜帯の安価な電力による電気エネルギーを前記蓄電池４を介して各家庭の負荷機器に（前記分電盤２を介して）供給することができるので、集合住宅のユーザーにとって、より一層の電気料金の削減を可能とすることができる。   As described above, in the second embodiment, as in the second embodiment, inexpensive power to which a late night discount charge is applied is supplied from the cubicle 1 to the storage battery 4, and charging of the storage battery 4 is inexpensive. Done. When sufficient electric energy is stored in the storage battery 4, the power from the storage battery 4 is preferentially (selectively) supplied to the distribution board 2, and the power from the cubicle 1 is It is not supplied to the switchboard 2 (the electric power from the cubicle 1 is supplied to the distribution board 2 only when sufficient electric energy is not stored in the storage battery 4). Therefore, according to the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the electric energy generated by the inexpensive electric power in the midnight is also supplied to each household via the storage battery 4 for the morning, daytime, and evening power demand. Since it can be supplied to the load equipment (via the distribution board 2), it is possible to further reduce the electricity bill for the user of the apartment house.

本発明の実施例１による集合住宅用電力削減システムの全体構成を示す概念ブロック図。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The conceptual block diagram which shows the whole structure of the collective housing power reduction system by Example 1 of this invention. 本実施例１の主要部品の外観とそれらの接続状態を模式的に示す図。The figure which shows typically the external appearance of the main components of the present Example 1, and those connection states. 本発明の実施例２による集合住宅用電力削減システムの全体構成を示す概念ブロック図。The conceptual block diagram which shows the whole structure of the power reduction system for apartment houses by Example 2 of this invention. 本実施例２の主要部品の外観とそれらの接続状態を模式的に示す図。The figure which shows typically the external appearance of those main components of the present Example 2, and those connection states.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ キュービクル
２ 分電盤
３ 太陽電池
４ 蓄電池
５ ＡＣ−ＤＣコンバータ
６ パワーコンディショナー
７ インターロックＯＦＦタイマ付きスイッチ
８，１０ タイマ付きスイッチ
９ 使用開始タイマ付きスイッチ及びテイクオフ盤
１１ 電圧センサ
１２ 制御装置 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cubicle 2 Distribution board 3 Solar cell 4 Storage battery 5 AC-DC converter 6 Power conditioner 7 Switch 8 with interlock OFF timer, Switch with timer 9 Switch with start timer and take-off panel 11 Voltage sensor 12 Control device

Claims (1)

「電力会社からの高圧電力を送電する高圧送電線」と「集合住宅の各戸に電力を分配するための分電盤」との間に介設される電力の圧力変換及び分配のためのシステムに適用される集合住宅用電力削減システムであって、
電力会社からの高圧電力を受電してこれを低圧に変換して分電盤へ供給するキュービクルと、
前記キュービクル及び後記の蓄電池からの電力が供給される分電盤と、
太陽からの光エネルギーを電気エネルギーに変換する太陽電池と、
前記太陽電池からの電力と前記キュービクルからの電力を充電する蓄電池と、
前記蓄電池からの直流電力を交流電力に変換して前記分電盤に供給する、ＤＣ−ＡＣコンバータを含むパワーコンディショナーと、
前記キュービクルからの交流電力を直流電力に変換して前記蓄電池に供給するＡＣ−ＤＣコンバータと、
前記ＡＣ−ＤＣコンバータと前記蓄電池との間に接続されており、両者を電気的に接続又は切断するための、ＡＣ−ＤＣコンバータ及び蓄電池間タイマ付きスイッチであって、タイマを内蔵しており、後記の制御手段からの接続指示信号に基づいて、前記のタイマにより、電力料金に深夜割引が適用される時間帯だけ、前記ＡＣ−ＤＣコンバータと前記蓄電池との間を電気的に接続するように動作する、ＡＣ−ＤＣコンバータ及び蓄電池間タイマ付きスイッチと、
前記蓄電池と前記パワーコンディショナーとの間に接続され、両者を電気的に接続又は切断する、蓄電池及びパワーコンディショナー間タイマ付きスイッチと、
前記パワーコンディショナーと前記分電盤との間に接続され、両者を電気的に接続又は切断する、パワーコンディショナー及び分電盤間タイマスイッチと、
前記キュービクルと前記分電盤との間に接続されており、両者を電気的に接続又は切断するための、キュービクル及び分電盤間タイマスイッチと、
前記蓄電池の充電電圧を検出する検出手段と、
前記検出手段からの出力に基づいて、（ア）前記の太陽電池からの電力をも蓄電する蓄電池の充電電圧が所定の値より低いときは、前記ＡＣ−ＤＣコンバータと前記蓄電池とを接続することを指示する接続指示信号を、前記ＡＣ−ＤＣコンバータ及び蓄電池間タイマ付きスイッチに出力すると共に、前記キュービクルと前記分電盤とを接続することを指示する接続指示信号を、前記キュービクル及び分電盤間タイマスイッチに出力し、（イ）前記の太陽電池からの電力をも蓄電する蓄電池の充電電圧が所定の値よりも高いときは、前記蓄電池と前記パワーコンディショナーとを接続することを指示する接続指示信号を、前記蓄電池及びパワーコンディショナー間タイマ付きスイッチに出力すると共に、前記パワーコンディショナーと前記分電盤とを接続することを指示する接続指示信号を、前記パワーコンディショナー及び分電盤間タイマスイッチに出力する、という『ただ１つの分岐処理』を行う制御手段と、を備え、
前記制御手段による制御と前記ＡＣ−ＤＣコンバータ及び蓄電池間タイマ付きスイッチの動作とにより、（Ａ）前記の太陽電池からの電力をも蓄電する蓄電池に蓄積されている電気エネルギー量が所定の値より少ない場合だけ、前記キュービクルからの電力を前記分電盤に供給するようにし、（Ｂ）前記の太陽電池からの電力をも蓄電する蓄電池に蓄積されている電気エネルギー量が所定の値より少ない場合であって且つ電力料金に深夜割引が適用される時間帯である場合だけ、前記キュービクルからの電力を前記蓄電池に充電するようにし、且つ、（Ｃ）前記の太陽電池からの電力をも蓄電する蓄電池に蓄積されている電気エネルギー量が所定の値より多い場合だけ、前記蓄電池からの直流電力を交流電力に変換して前記分電盤に供給するようにし、これにより、『極めて単純な構成から成るシステム』を集合住宅に備えるだけで、集合住宅全体の電気料金とＣＯ ２ 排出量を大幅に削減することを可能にした、太陽電池とキュービクルを不可欠の要素とする集合住宅用電力削減システム。 A system for pressure conversion and distribution of electric power interposed between “high-voltage transmission lines for transmitting high-voltage power from electric power companies” and “distribution panels for distributing electric power to each house in an apartment house” An applied power reduction system for apartment buildings,
A cubicle that receives high-voltage power from an electric power company, converts it to low voltage, and supplies it to a distribution board,
A distribution board to which power from the cubicle and a storage battery described later is supplied;
A solar cell that converts light energy from the sun into electrical energy;
A storage battery for charging power from the solar battery and power from the cubicle;
A power conditioner including a DC-AC converter, which converts DC power from the storage battery into AC power and supplies it to the distribution board;
An AC-DC converter that converts AC power from the cubicle to DC power and supplies the battery to the storage battery;
Connected between the AC-DC converter and the storage battery, and a switch with a timer between the AC-DC converter and the storage battery for electrically connecting or disconnecting both, and has a built-in timer, Based on a connection instruction signal from the control means described later, the AC-DC converter and the storage battery are electrically connected by the timer only during a time zone in which a midnight discount is applied to the power charge. An operating AC-DC converter and a switch with a battery-to-battery timer;
A switch with a timer between the storage battery and the power conditioner, connected between the storage battery and the power conditioner and electrically connecting or disconnecting both,
A timer switch between the power conditioner and the distribution board, connected between the power conditioner and the distribution board, and electrically connecting or disconnecting both;
Connected between the cubicle and the distribution board, and a timer switch between the cubicle and the distribution board for electrically connecting or disconnecting both;
Detecting means for detecting a charging voltage of the storage battery;
Based on the output from the detection means, (a) when the charging voltage of the storage battery that also stores the electric power from the solar battery is lower than a predetermined value, the AC-DC converter and the storage battery are connected. A connection instruction signal for instructing the connection between the cubicle and the distribution board is output to the switch with the timer between the AC-DC converter and the battery and a connection instruction signal for instructing the connection between the cubicle and the distribution board. (B) a connection for instructing connection between the storage battery and the power conditioner when the charging voltage of the storage battery that also stores the power from the solar battery is higher than a predetermined value. An instruction signal is output to the switch with a timer between the storage battery and the power conditioner, and the power conditioner and the power distribution A connection instruction signal for instructing to connect the door, and outputs to the power conditioner and distribution board between the timer switch, and a control means for performing "only one branch processing" hereinafter,
By the control by the control means and the operation of the switch with the AC-DC converter and the inter-battery timer, (A) the amount of electric energy stored in the storage battery that also stores the electric power from the solar battery is more than a predetermined value Only when it is small , the power from the cubicle is supplied to the distribution board, and (B) the amount of electrical energy stored in the storage battery that also stores the power from the solar battery is less than a predetermined value And only when it is a time zone in which a late-night discount is applied to the power rate, the battery is charged with the power from the cubicle, and (C) the power from the solar battery is also stored. Only when the amount of electrical energy stored in the storage battery is greater than a predetermined value , the DC power from the storage battery is converted into AC power and supplied to the distribution board. As a result , solar cells and cubicles that can significantly reduce the electricity charges and CO 2 emissions of the entire apartment by simply providing the system with a very simple configuration in the apartment. An electricity reduction system for apartment buildings as an indispensable element .
JP2005190761A 2005-06-29 2005-06-29 An electricity reduction system for collective housing using solar cells and / or cubicles that can reduce not only electricity charges but also CO2 emissions Active JP4722585B2 (en)

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