JP4719120B2 - Engine misfire load limiting operation method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention is applied to a power generating multi-cylinder gas engine, a diesel engine, and the like, detects a misfire of a multi-cylinder engine that drives a generator with a plurality of loads, and limits the engine load based on the misfire detection result. The present invention relates to an engine misfire load limiting operation method and an apparatus for the operation.

  In a multi-cylinder gas engine or a multi-cylinder diesel engine that drives a generator with a plurality of loads, if a misfire occurs in one cylinder or a plurality of cylinders, the misfire is detected in order to continue the stable operation of the engine. At the same time, the load selective shut-off device is operated to selectively cut off some of the plurality of loads, and the engine is lowered to a load capable of stable operation, or the operation is continued, or the engine is stopped depending on the degree of misfire. It is like that.

  That is, FIG. 4 is a schematic system diagram of a misfire load limiting operation system in a conventional multi-cylinder gas engine for power generation. In such a multi-cylinder gas engine for power generation, the system load is separated from the power system by a system breaker 10 to When a plurality of loads 7 and 7 are applied to one engine 100 and the generator 6 driven thereby, and the engine 100 and the generator 6 driven thereby are operated independently, one cylinder Alternatively, when a misfire occurs in a plurality of cylinders, a misfire is detected by a misfire detector (not shown), and at the same time, the load selection cutoff device 102 is operated. % Output (50% output of engine 100 when misfire occurs in 2 cylinders), that is, the maximum allowable negative at 1 cylinder misfire A difference (L−La) between La and the load L applied to the engine 100 and the generator 6 driven thereby is detected. If the engine load L is larger than the allowable maximum load La, the difference (L−La) is detected. ) A considerable load is cut off. 9 is a generator breaker. Reference numeral 101 denotes an engine control system that is not interlocked with the load selection cutoff device.

  In Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-39007), the time required for the ignition timing to change to a predetermined range from the ignition timing of each cylinder detected by a crank angle detector is set between a plurality of cylinders. To determine whether a misfire has occurred in a specific cylinder, and for the misfired cylinder, a correction to increase the fuel injection amount or a correction to delay the ignition timing by the spark plug A misfire control device for an internal combustion engine is disclosed.

JP 2002-39007 A

In a conventional multi-cylinder gas engine for power generation (or a multi-cylinder diesel engine for power generation), as described above, when a misfire occurs in one cylinder, for example, when the engine 100 is operating alone. The engine 100 and the engine 100 are driven by setting the 90% output of the engine 100 (50% output of the engine 100 when a misfire occurs in two cylinders) uniquely to the allowable maximum load La when one cylinder misfires. A difference (L-La) between the load L applied to the generator 6 and the allowable maximum load La is detected. If the engine load L is larger than the allowable maximum load La, a load corresponding to the difference (L-La) is detected. Is designed to shut off.
However, in such a multi-cylinder engine for power generation, when misfire occurs in one or two cylinders of the engine, the mode (amplitude and frequency) of the torsional vibration of the crankshaft of the engine changes, and the mode of change of this vibration mode is misfire. The allowable maximum load of the engine 100 caused by misfire and the generator 6 driven by the misfire varies depending on the generation cylinder.

  However, in the conventional misfire load limiting system for a multi-cylinder engine for power generation, when a misfire occurs, for example, when one cylinder misfires, the engine 90% output is set to the allowable maximum load La. The allowable maximum load La is set according to the number of misfire-occurring cylinders, and the load is cut off as much as the load L applied to the engine / generator exceeds the allowable maximum load La. Since the allowable maximum load La is uniquely set and the load is interrupted without considering that the allowable maximum load of the engine due to misfire and the generator driven thereby differ depending on the cylinder, May cause excessive load interruption, making it difficult to operate the engine at an appropriate utilization rate when a misfire occurs. That.

  In view of the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides an appropriate value for the allowable maximum load on the engine and the generator driven by the misfire when each misfire occurs when one or more cylinders misfire. It is an object of the present invention to provide an engine misload load limiting operation method and apparatus capable of improving the engine utilization rate when misfire occurs.

The present invention achieves such an object, and detects an engine misfire of a multi-cylinder engine that drives a generator under a plurality of loads, and blocks a part of the plurality of loads based on the detection result of the misfire. In the misfire-related load limit operation method, the allowable maximum load of the engine is set in the allowable maximum load setting means for each misfire-occurring cylinder number or in combination with the misfire-occurring cylinder number, and based on the detection signal of the misfiring cylinder the permissible maximum load corresponding to該失fire occurrence cylinders extracted from the allowable maximum load setting means, when said load hanging on the generator is greater than the allowable maximum load, and calculating the excess load, the excess The engine is operated by selectively blocking a load corresponding to the load from a plurality of loads applied to the generator.
In such an invention, preferably, as the allowable maximum load setting means, using the allowable maximum load setting table in which the allowable maximum load of the engine is set for each misfiring cylinder number or a combination of misfiring cylinder numbers, the overload is set. Is calculated.

Further, the invention of the apparatus for carrying out the method invention detects a misfire of an engine of a plurality of cylinders driving a generator having a plurality of loads, and blocks a part of the plurality of loads based on the detection result of the misfire. In the engine misfire load limiting operation device, the allowable maximum load setting table in which the allowable maximum load of the engine is set for each misfire occurrence cylinder number or in combination with the misfire occurrence cylinder number and the detection signal of the misfire occurrence cylinder a misfire maximum allowable load calculating means for extracting from the allowable maximum load setting table permissible maximum load corresponding to該失fire occurs cylinder, said extracted by the load and the misfire maximum allowable load calculating means hanging on the generator when allowable maximum load and compares the load hanging on the generator exceeds the allowable maximum load, the super Equipped with excess load calculating means for calculating the load, a blocking target load extraction means for extracting a plurality of load hanging on the calling electrical blocking load corresponding to the excess amount of load calculated in the ultra overload calculating means And a load controller.

In a multi-cylinder diesel engine or gas engine, when a misfire occurs in one or two cylinders of the engine, the mode (amplitude and frequency) of the torsional vibration of the crankshaft of the engine changes. Varies depending on the cylinder.
Therefore, in the event of a misfire, in order to maintain an appropriate utilization rate of the engine, the amount of engine load limit due to misfire is changed depending on which cylinder the misfire-occurring cylinder is, and the engine is It is necessary to set the maximum allowable load that enables stable operation.

  However, according to the present invention, in the allowable maximum load setting table as the allowable maximum load setting means in the controller, the relationship between the misfiring cylinder and the change in torsional vibration of the engine or the like is determined experimentally or by simulation calculation. Set the allowable maximum load in advance considering the cylinder number (combination of misfire-occurring cylinder numbers when misfiring occurs in multiple cylinders) and the torsional vibration of the engine corresponding to the misfire-occurring cylinder number or combination of cylinder numbers. When the misfire detection cylinder number detection signal is input to the controller from the misfire detector, the maximum allowable load corresponding to the detection signal of the misfire occurrence cylinder number from the allowable maximum load setting table by the misfire allowable maximum load calculation means of the controller. Extract the load.

Then, the excess load calculation unit, compares the allowable maximum load of the extraction engine by a plurality of loads (the generator load) and the misfire maximum allowable load calculating means hanging on the generator, the generator load engine When the allowable maximum load is exceeded, the overload is calculated by the overload calculating means. Then extracted a blocking load corresponding to the excess amount of load is calculated by the excess load calculating means from the plurality of the generator load.
Thus, by the only blocking load which is calculated to correspond to the misfire cylinder number multiple engine load is reduced, and it is possible to stably operate the engine at the maximum allowable load following the generator load Become.

Therefore, according to the present invention, since (if the misfire multiple cylinders occurs combinations misfire cylinder number) cylinder number of misfire occurrence cylinders to set the maximum allowable load of the engine by the cylinder number or misfire misfire cylinder The allowable maximum load that matches the combination of the generated cylinder numbers can be set, and with this allowable maximum load as a reference, the load can be cut off by an amount exceeding the allowable maximum load, and the allowable maximum load depends on the number of misfiring cylinders The load shutoff amount and shutoff using the maximum allowable load suitable for the combination of the cylinder number or misfired cylinder number at the time of misfire does not occur excessively as in the conventional technology that uniquely sets the It becomes possible to determine the load, and the utilization rate of the engine at the time of misfire is improved .

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the component parts described in this example are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention only to specific examples unless otherwise specified. Only.

FIG. 1 is a plan layout diagram showing the overall configuration of a misfire load limiting system in a multi-cylinder gas engine for power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 100 denotes an engine, which in this example is a power generation V-type multi-cylinder (8-cylinder) gas engine (a multi-cylinder diesel engine or a multi-cylinder gasoline engine may be used). 1 is a cylinder (8 cylinders) of the engine 100, 2 is a fuel injection device that injects fuel gas into each cylinder 1, and 4 is a fuel control that controls the fuel injection amount and fuel injection timing of the fuel injection device 2. Device.
6 is a generator that is directly connected to the engine 100, 9 is a generator breaker that shuts off the generator 6 from the power system or factory load, and 10 is a system breaker that shuts off the generator or factory load from the external power system. It is.

In such a multi-cylinder gas engine for power generation, the system breaker 10 separates the power system, and a plurality of loads 7 and 7 such as factory loads are applied to one engine 100 and the generator 6 driven by the engine 100 and the generator 6 driven thereby. The engine 100 and the generator 6 driven by the engine 100 are operated independently.
8 and 8 connect or block between the engine 100 and the generator 6 driven thereby and the plurality of loads 7 and 7 when the engine 100 and the generator 6 driven thereby are operated independently. A load switch is provided for each of the plurality of loads 7.

The above configuration is the same as that of a known V-type multi-cylinder (8 cylinder) gas engine for power generation.
The present invention relates to a load limiting operation method and a load limiting operation device when a misfire occurs in a multi-cylinder engine having the above-described configuration.

  In FIG. 1, reference numeral 5 denotes a misfire detector for detecting misfire of the engine 100. The misfire detector 5 is attached to each cylinder 1 and detects the occurrence of misfire in each cylinder 1 by detecting a change in pressure in the cylinder. A load controller 5 receives a misfire occurrence detection signal in each cylinder 1 from each misfire detector 3, receives the misfire detection signal, performs calculation and control as described later, and outputs the control signal to the fuel. It outputs to the control apparatus 4, and this fuel control apparatus 4 is controlled.

Next, referring to FIG. 2, a misfire load limiting operation method and apparatus for an engine according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
When misfire is detected by the misfire detector 3, a misfire detection signal and a cylinder number of misfire occurrence are input to the misfire cylinder extraction unit 51.
53 is an allowable maximum load setting table. When the engine 100 and the generator 6 driven by the engine 100 are operated independently, the misfire may occur experimentally or by simulation calculation depending on the relationship between the misfiring cylinder and the change in torsional vibration of the engine. When a misfire occurs, the maximum allowable load that can be applied to the engine / generator is set in consideration of the torsional vibration of the engine corresponding to the combination of the misfire-occurring cylinder numbers if a misfire occurs in the cylinder number of the misfire-occurring cylinder or multiple cylinders. Yes.
That is, as shown in the table of FIG. 3, for example, the allowable maximum load (%) when a misfire occurs in 2 cylinders in a V-type 16 cylinder is set in a matrix by a combination of cylinder numbers (L1, R1, etc.). Yes. In FIG. 3, R is a right row cylinder, L is a left row cylinder, and the number is% relative to the rated load.

52 is a misfire-allowable maximum load calculating section. When a misfire-occurring cylinder number is input from the misfire cylinder extracting section 51, the allowable maximum load is calculated based on a combination of misfire-occurring cylinders (for example, L1 and R3). The allowable maximum load (for example, 60% load for the combination of L1 and R3) corresponding to the combination (for example, L1 and R3) is extracted from the setting table 53 and input to the overload calculating unit 54.
Ultra under overload calculation unit 54 is extracted by the plurality of load 7,7, ... (the generator load) and the misfire maximum allowable load calculation unit 52 hanging on the generator 6 driven by the engine 100 and this comparing the allowable maximum load, before Symbol onset electrical load 7,7, when ... exceeds the allowable maximum load, excess load - by calculating the (generator load permissible maximum load), the blocking target load extraction unit 55.

In the interruption target load extraction unit 55, based on the calculated value of the excess load, an interruption load corresponding to the excess load amount is obtained from the loads of the plurality of engines and the generator 6 driven thereby. Extraction is performed, and the load switch 8 is made to block the extraction interruption load.
This reduces the loads 7, 7,... Of the plurality of engines and the generator driven thereby by the interrupting load calculated corresponding to the misfire occurrence cylinder number, and the allowable maximum load. The engine 100 can be stably operated with the following engine / generator load.

  The load controller 5 inputs the allowable maximum load at the time of misfire calculated as described above to the fuel control device 4, and the fuel control device 4 uses the allowable maximum load as a normal combustion cylinder other than the misfire cylinder. The fuel gas injection amount of the cylinder fuel injection device 5 for normal combustion is distributed and controlled to the fuel injection gas amount distributed based on the allowable maximum load at the time of misfire.

Therefore, according to such an embodiment, the load controller allows the maximum allowable number to the engine 100 and the generator driven by the cylinder number of the misfire-occurring cylinder (a combination of misfire-occurring cylinder numbers when a misfire occurs in a plurality of cylinders). Since the load is set, it is possible to set the maximum allowable load that matches the cylinder number of the misfire-occurring cylinder or the combination of the misfiring cylinder numbers. It can be performed.
As a result, the maximum allowable load is uniquely set according to the number of misfiring cylinders, and the load shut-off does not become excessive as in the prior art, and it is suitable for the combination of the cylinder number or misfiring cylinder number at the time of misfiring. It becomes possible to determine the load cutoff amount and the cutoff load using the allowable maximum load, and the utilization factor of the engine 100 when a misfire occurs is improved.

  According to the present invention, when misfire occurs in one cylinder or a plurality of cylinders, the allowable maximum load on the engine / generator at the time of misfire can be set to an appropriate value for each misfire-occurring cylinder. It is possible to provide an engine misload load limiting operation method and apparatus capable of improving the utilization rate.

It is a plane arrangement block diagram which shows the whole structure of the load limiting system at the time of misfire in the multi-cylinder gas engine for electric power generation which concerns on the Example of this invention. It is a control block diagram at the time of misfire detection in the said Example. It is a table | surface which shows an example of the misfire generation cylinder / torsional vibration reference output limit value setting table in the said Example. It is a general | schematic systematic diagram of the load limiting operation system at the time of misfire in the multicylinder gas engine for electric power generation which concerns on a prior art.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Engine 1 Cylinder 2 Fuel injection apparatus 3 Misfire detector 4 Fuel control apparatus 5 Load controller 6 Generator 7 Load 8 Load switch

Claims (3)

An engine misfire load limit operation method for detecting misfire of an engine of a plurality of cylinders that drives a generator with a plurality of loads, and blocking a part of the plurality of loads based on the detection result of the misfire, The allowable maximum load of the engine is set in the allowable maximum load setting means for each misfire occurrence cylinder number or in combination with the misfire occurrence cylinder number, and the allowable maximum load corresponding to the misfire occurrence cylinder is determined based on the detection signal of the misfire occurrence cylinder. the extracts from the allowable maximum load setting means, when said load hanging on the generator is greater than the allowable maximum load, and calculating the excess load, hanging the load of ultra overload equivalent to the generator An engine misfire load limiting operation method, wherein the engine is operated by selectively cutting off a plurality of loads.   As the allowable maximum load setting means, the excess load is calculated using an allowable maximum load setting table in which an allowable maximum load of the engine is set for each misfiring cylinder number or a combination of misfiring cylinder numbers. The engine misload-limited load limiting operation method according to claim 1. A misfire occurs in a misfire-induced load limit operation device for an engine that detects a misfire of a multi-cylinder engine that drives a generator with a plurality of loads and shuts off a part of the plurality of loads based on the misfire detection result. The permissible maximum load setting table in which the permissible maximum load of the engine is set for each cylinder number or in combination with the misfire occurrence cylinder number, and the permissible maximum load corresponding to the misfire occurrence cylinder based on the detection signal of the misfire occurrence cylinder It compares the misfire maximum allowable load calculating means for extracting from the maximum load setting table and extracted the maximum allowable load by load and the misfire maximum allowable load calculating means hanging on the generator, to the generator An overload calculating means for calculating the overload when the applied load exceeds the allowable maximum load; It has a load controller provided with an interruption target load extraction means for extracting an interruption load corresponding to the excess load amount calculated by the load calculation means from a plurality of loads applied to the generator. A load-limiting operation device for engine misfire.

Images