JP4714120B2 - Vibration damping device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a vibration damping device configured by combining a plurality of permanent magnets.

  Vibration damping devices that prevent fluctuations in control equipment, air conditioning equipment, toilet floors, and freight transports and elevator car floors mounted on transportation vehicles such as trains reduce vibration propagation to the target object or human body. It is a device that gives attenuation. These vibration damping devices usually have an action of changing the vibration energy to heat energy or the like to reduce the amplitude. The action is performed by applying a force in the direction opposite to the direction of the vibration speed to the vibrating object. In these vibration damping devices, many elastic bodies, fluids, magnets and the like are applied.

As a technology corresponding to vibration attenuation of a relatively low frequency of about 5 Hz to 15 Hz in a vibration damping device applied with a magnet, a movable part in which a plurality of magnets having magnetic poles different from each other are arranged, and this movable part magnet There has been proposed a method in which magnets having different magnetic poles are arranged at opposing positions to form a fixed portion, and a bearing between the fixed portion and the movable portion is supported by a bearing (for example, see Patent Document 1).
JP 2006-84035 A (page 3-5, FIG. 1)

  According to the proposal disclosed in Patent Document 1, a vibration damping device effective for vibration damping at a relatively low frequency of about 5 Hz to 15 Hz can be obtained. However, the magnetic flux leaking from the magnet may adversely affect the human body. For this reason, in order to improve the efficiency of a magnet, the technique which arrange | positions a back yoke behind a magnet is disclosed, However, A structure becomes complicated and a weight and an external dimension will also become large.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a vibration damping device that can have a thin and lightweight structure and can suppress the influence of electromagnetic waves.

In order to achieve the above object, a vibration damping device according to the present invention includes a first array magnet that is attached to a fixed frame and includes a plurality of permanent magnets having magnetic poles arranged in different directions, and the first array magnet and the gap. A second array magnet composed of a plurality of permanent magnets which are attached to the movable frame so that the magnetic poles face each other via the magnetic poles, and the magnetic poles are arranged in different directions, and an elastic body connecting the fixed frame and the movable frame A support member; and a conductive plate provided in the gap parallel to a surface where the first array magnet and the second array magnet face each other, and supported by the fixed frame, and the first array magnet; with the at least one Halbach array of the second magnet array, said elastic body support member is a rotary spring, the flat portion of the center of rotation the fixed frame or the movable frame It is characterized in that arranged in the central position.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it becomes possible to provide the vibration damping device which can make a thin-walled lightweight structure and can suppress the influence of electromagnetic waves.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  A vibration damping apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1A is a secondary sectional view of a vibration damping device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a perspective view of a movable portion of the vibration damping device.

  The fixed frame 10 supports, for example, a fixed portion of a vibration damping device that is attached to the floor of the vehicle body. A first array magnet 11 is fixed to a flat portion at the bottom of the fixed frame 10, and a conductive plate 12 is provided above the first array magnet 11 via a magnetic gap. The conductive plate 12 has a column (not shown) standing from the bottom flat part of the fixed frame 10 and is fixed to the column by screws or the like.

  A second array magnet 31 fixed to the inside of the upper flat portion of the movable frame 30 is opposed to the upper portion of the conductive plate 12 through a magnetic gap. The inside of the upper flat portion of the movable frame 30 is connected and supported in the vertical direction by a plurality of elastic body support members 20 </ b> A provided between the bottom flat portion of the fixed frame 10. Further, the inside of the side surface of the movable frame 30 is connected and supported in the horizontal direction by a plurality of elastic body support members 20 </ b> B provided between posts attached to the bottom flat portion of the fixed frame 10.

  FIG. 2B is a perspective view of the movable frame 30 viewed from the fixed frame 10 side. As shown in the drawing, each of the plurality of conductive plates 12 indicated by broken lines and a second arrayed magnet 31 fixed to the movable frame 30 via a gap are provided. A plurality of elastic body support members 20 </ b> A are provided at predetermined positions that do not interfere with the second array magnet 31 inside the upper surface of the movable frame 30 as shown in the figure. In addition, in FIG.2 (b), illustration of the elastic body support member 20B is abbreviate | omitted.

  FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram related to the array magnet. As illustrated, the first array magnet 11 is formed by arranging magnets 11A, 11B, 11C, 11B, and 11E in a line. The magnetic pole directions of the magnet 11A and the magnet 11E are upward, the magnet 11C is downward, the magnetic pole direction of 11B is from the magnet 11C toward the magnet 11A, and the magnetic pole direction of the magnet 11D is opposite to the magnet 11B. A second array magnet 31 is provided above the conductive plate 12 so as to face the first array magnet 11. The arrangement of the magnetic poles of each magnet of the second array magnet 31 is the first array. The arrangement is such that the magnets 11 are turned upside down, that is, the same magnetic poles face each other.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the magnets 11A, 11C, and 11E are alternately arranged in the vertical direction with different polarities, and the magnets 11B and 11D in between are the magnets in the horizontal direction that are alternately different in polarity. This is called the Halbach array. In the case of FIG. 2, the Halbach array is a minimum combination of five magnets as one set, but the Halbach array is established even if the number of magnets is further increased. In addition, the vibration damping device of FIG. 1 has five sets of Halbach array magnets arranged on a plane, but the number of sets is arbitrary.

  Hereinafter, the function and effect of the array magnet and the conductive plate 12 by the Halbach array will be described.

  As shown by the broken line in FIG. 2, when the first array magnet 11 is in a Halbach array, the magnetic flux formed is in principle only in one direction of the array, that is, on the conductive plate 12 side in FIG. The magnetic flux of is almost zero. The magnetic flux density is approximately twice that of a conventional array magnet, that is, an array magnet without magnets 11B and 11D.

  FIG. 3 shows a gap size between the vibration damping device of the present invention in which a set of five Halbach magnets having a predetermined dimensional structure is opposed to the conventional vibration damping device in which an array without a lateral magnet is opposed. It is a repulsive force characteristic comparison figure with respect to. According to this example, the repulsive force with respect to a practical gap size of 7 mm is less than 4000 N in the present invention with respect to the conventional about 1200 N, and it can be seen that the repulsive force is three times or more.

  Next, the operation of the conductive plate 12 will be described. The conductive plate 12 in FIG. 2 is fixed to the fixed frame 10 shown in FIG. When the second array magnet 31 vibrates in this state, the magnetic flux generated by the second array magnet 31 crosses the conductive plate 12. As a result, a current is generated in the conductive plate 12 by the law of electromagnetic induction, and the current generates a magnetic flux in a direction that attenuates the vibration. This is called magnetic damping, which is characterized in that the magnetic damping acts without contact and the damping force is very accurately proportional to the vibration speed.

  Next, the elastic body support members 20A and 20B of the elastic body in FIG. 1 will be described.

  As described above, the first array magnet 11 and the second array magnet 31 are arranged so as to repel each other. Therefore, although depending on the weight of the vibration suppression object, the elastic body support member 20A is preferably a member having a tension spring characteristic. On the other hand, the elastic body support member 20B for absorbing lateral vibration is preferably a member having compression spring characteristics.

  Also, when applied to normal vibration suppression objects such as train toilets, elastic bodies are made of metal materials such as carbon steel, alloy steel, and aluminum that have a spring force that is linear, easy to design, durable, and easy to maintain. It is preferable to form a support member.

  Conversely, when applied to vibration suppression targets that require insulation such as internal parts of inverter devices, or light vibration suppression targets such as passenger car platforms, elastic support members are formed from non-metallic materials such as rubber, liquid, and fluid. It is preferable to do. In this case, a material having a large vibration adhesion attenuation is more effective in absorbing vibration.

  In addition, the fixed frame 10 and the movable frame 30 are made of metal materials such as carbon steel, alloy steel, copper alloy, or aluminum, which are usually weldable and can be easily realized in any shape. For applications that expect the above, non-metallic materials such as mold, plastic, and wood that can be integrally formed with the frame at the time of manufacturing the array magnet may be used.

  As described above, according to the present invention, since the magnetic flux is concentrated in the gap, the leakage of the magnetic flux to the outside is small. Moreover, in order to obtain the same repulsive force as in the past, it is possible to employ a magnet that is thinner than a conventional magnet, and a so-called thinned structure can be employed. By adopting this thin-walled structure, the vibration transmissibility is generally reduced, and vibration can be effectively suppressed even for large and slow low-frequency fluctuations.

  A vibration damping apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

  4 (a) and 4 (b) are secondary sectional views of the vibration damping device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In the second embodiment, the same parts as those in the sub-sectional view of the vibration damping device according to the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that in FIG. 4A, the second array magnet 31A is replaced by a set of two movable array magnets, and in FIG. 4B, the first array magnet 11A. Is a set of two fixed array magnets.

  FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the array magnet in FIG. As shown in the figure, the first array magnet 11 is a set of five Halbach arrays described in FIG. On the other hand, the second array magnet 31A is composed of magnets 31A and 31B whose magnetic poles face outward in the lateral direction. In this case, since the second array magnet 31A is not in the Halbach array, there is a magnetic flux to the top of the array magnet. The magnet arrangement shown in FIG. 5 is also arranged so that the same polarity magnetic poles face each other.

  According to the array magnet configured as described above, since the number of the magnets of the movable part is reduced to two, it is possible to reduce the weight of the movable part and increase the vibration suppressing effect.

  The array magnet shown in FIG. 4B is an array in which the fixed portion and the movable portion of the array magnet in FIG. 5 are reversed. That is, the first array magnet is composed of two magnets arranged in different directions with the magnetic poles facing outward in the lateral direction, and the second array magnet is a set of five Halbach arrays. This inverted combination is also effective when there is a dimension restriction on the fixed side.

  6A and 6B are a sectional view of a vibration damping device and a perspective view of a movable part of the vibration damping device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, respectively. About each part of this Example 3, it is the same part as each part of the subordinate cross-sectional view of the vibration damping device and the perspective view of the movable part of the vibration damping device according to Example 1 of the present invention shown in FIGS. Are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. The third embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a third array magnet 13 is provided on the inner side surface portion of the fixed frame 11, and on the outer side surface portion of the movable frame 30 facing the third array magnet 13. This is a point where array magnets 32A and 32B are provided.

  In FIG. 6A, only the third array magnet 13 facing the fourth array magnet 32A is shown. Further, a conductive plate may be provided in the gap between the fourth array magnets 32 </ b> A and 32 </ b> B and the third array magnet 13. Furthermore, when the height of the side surface portion is high, the third array magnet and the fourth array magnet on the side surface portion may be distributed in a planar manner as in the case of the flat surface portion.

  By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to prevent vibrations in both the horizontal and vertical directions, and to handle movable parts such as control equipment, air conditioning equipment, and toilets mounted on traffic vehicles as three-dimensional vibration suppression target devices. It becomes possible.

  FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the movable portion of the vibration damping apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. In the fourth embodiment, the same parts as those in the perspective view of the movable part of the vibration damping device according to the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. The fourth embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the second arrayed magnet 31 is provided radially from the center of the plane of the movable frame 30, and the rotational direction of the movable frame 30 in addition to the elastic support member 20A. This is the point that the torsional rotation spring 21 is applied to which the force acts.

  The second array magnet 31 provided radially from the center of the plane portion of the movable frame 30 has a first array magnet on the opposed surface on the fixed frame side, and together with the conductive plate provided in the gap, Suppresses vibration. The torsion rotary spring 21 is configured such that, for example, an end portion at the start of winding is fixed to the movable frame 30 and an end portion at the end of winding is fixed to the fixed frame side. If it does in this way, it becomes possible to suppress the vibration of a rotation direction by balance with the force of the rotation direction of the movable part by the said arrangement | sequence magnet.

  The radially arranged second array magnet 31 and the torsional rotary spring 21 do not necessarily have to be used in combination, and can be used independently.

  FIG. 8 is a secondary sectional view of a vibration damping device according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. Regarding the respective parts of the fifth embodiment, the same parts as those of the sub-sectional view of the vibration damping device according to the second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. The fifth embodiment differs from the second embodiment in that a spherical elastic support member 20C is provided instead of the elastic support members 20A and 20B.

  It is preferable to use an elastic body having a large vibration adhesion coefficient made of a non-ferrous metal material for the spherical elastic body support member 20C. By adopting a configuration using such a spherical elastic support member, it is possible to absorb vibration in the three-dimensional direction.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a vibration damping device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention and a perspective view of a movable portion. Explanatory drawing regarding the array magnet of Example 1 of this invention. The figure which shows the relationship between the repulsive force of the vibration damping device of this invention, and a gap. The secondary cross section of the vibration damping device concerning Example 2 of the present invention. Explanatory drawing regarding the array magnet of Example 2 of this invention. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a vibration damping device according to a third embodiment of the present invention and a perspective view of a movable portion. The perspective view of the movable part of the vibration damping apparatus which concerns on Example 4 of this invention. FIG. 10 is a secondary sectional view of a vibration damping device according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

10 fixed frame 11, 11F first array magnet 11A, 11B, 11C, 11D, 11E magnet 12 conductive plate 13 third array magnet

20A, 20B, 20C: elastic body support member 21 torsion rotation spring

30 Movable frame 31, 31A Second array magnet 31B, 31C Magnet 32A, 32B Fourth array magnet

Claims (9)

A first array magnet comprising a plurality of permanent magnets attached to a fixed frame and having magnetic poles arranged in different directions;
A second array magnet composed of a plurality of permanent magnets attached to the movable frame so that the same magnetic pole faces the first array magnet via a gap, and the orientation of the magnetic poles is arranged in a different direction;
An elastic support member for connecting the fixed frame and the movable frame;
A conductive plate provided in the gap parallel to a surface where the first array magnet and the second array magnet face each other, and supported by the fixed frame;
At least one of the first array magnet and the second array magnet is a Halbach array ,
The elastic body support member is a rotary spring,
The vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the center of rotation is arranged at a substantially central position of a plane portion of the fixed frame or the movable frame . The first array magnet has a Halbach array of 5 magnets,
The second array magnet is a movable magnet having a set of two,
2. The vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein a magnetic pole center position of the first array magnet and a repulsive magnetic pole center position of the second array magnet face each other. The first array magnet is a fixed magnet composed of two pieces,
The second array magnet has a Halbach array of 5 pieces,
2. The vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein a magnetic pole center position of the second array magnet and a repulsive magnetic pole center position of the first array magnet face each other. Both the first array magnet and the second array magnet have a Halbach array in which a set of five is provided,
2. The vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein repulsive magnetic pole center positions of the first array magnet and the second array magnet face each other. 4. A plurality of sets of the first array magnets and a plurality of sets of the second array magnets are arranged in a plane on the plane portion of the fixed frame and the plane portion of the movable frame, respectively. 2. The vibration damping device according to item 1. Furthermore,
A plurality of sets of third array magnets composed of a plurality of permanent magnets having different orientations of magnetic poles on the side surface of the fixed frame,
A plurality of sets of fourth array magnets comprising a plurality of permanent magnets attached to the movable frame so that the same magnetic poles face each of the third array magnets through a gap, and the magnetic poles are arranged in different directions. The vibration damping device according to claim 5, wherein the vibration damping device is planarly arranged on each side surface of the movable frame.   The plurality of the first array magnets and the second array magnets are arranged radially on the plane portions of the fixed frame and the movable frame, respectively. Vibration damping device. The vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the fixed frame and the movable frame are made of a metal material. 9. The vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the fixed frame and the movable frame are made of a non-metallic material.

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