CN114483866A - Spring vibration isolator of coupling electromagnetic damping - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a spring vibration isolator of coupling electromagnetic damping, which comprises a spring vibration isolation unit, wherein the spring vibration isolation unit comprises a load platform, a spring and a base from top to bottom; the horizontal magnetic field generating unit is a magnetic material array, and the electromagnetic damping generating unit comprises a conductor plate and magnetic material rods vertically arranged on the conductor plate at intervals. The electromagnetic damping of the invention has no problems of friction, liquid leakage and the like, and has excellent vibration isolation performance.

Description

A spring vibration isolator coupled with electromagnetic damping

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental vibration and noise control, in particular to a spring vibration isolator coupled with electromagnetic damping.

Background technique

Equipment vibration will cause equipment wear and reduce the service life of the equipment. At the same time, the vibration will be transmitted through rigid connectors, ground or buildings and other solids, resulting in vibration and secondary radiation noise pollution. In order to reduce vibration pollution, vibration isolators are usually installed at the bottom of equipment to isolate equipment vibration. Spring vibration isolators are widely used in the field of equipment vibration isolation due to their low natural frequency, high stiffness, and strong load capacity.

For example, the patent specification with the publication number CN212985909U discloses a spring vibration isolator, the spring vibration isolator is arranged in a multi-layer structure, and the spring vibration isolator is formed by superimposing a plurality of vibration isolation units. The unit includes an elastic layer and a baffle, the spring vibration isolator forms a structure in which the elastic layer and the baffle are alternately superimposed, the thickness of each elastic layer is set to be less than 20mm, and the rigidity and thermal conductivity of the baffle are greater than the elasticity Floor.

Or as disclosed in the patent specification with publication number CN203488613U, an adjustable preload damping spring vibration isolator is composed of a damping spring vibration isolator, an adjustable preload component, a height adjustment structure, a preload indicating device, and an adjustable preload. The load component is located between the damping spring vibration isolator and the height adjustment structure, and the preload indicating device is installed outside the adjustable preload component. It is composed of positioning plate; the adjustable preload component is composed of internal thread pipe, preloading screw, rubber toothed circular hole damping sleeve and washer; the height adjustment structure is composed of upper cover plate, screw rod, circular bearing body, fixed plate, horizontal height It is composed of adjusting bolts; the preload indicating device is composed of marking scale and marking rod.

By taking vibration isolation measures (installing vibration isolators) on the equipment, the unbalanced force (vibration) transmitted by the equipment to the ground can be reduced, and the impact of vibration on the surrounding environment can be reduced. After taking vibration isolation measures, in addition to paying attention to the vibration isolation efficiency (that is, reducing the force transmitted to the ground), it is also necessary to control the amplitude of the equipment itself after taking vibration isolation measures.

时，阻尼比越大，隔振效率越高。当振动频率f临近系统固有频率f₀时，被隔振设备振幅主要受阻尼控制，阻尼越大，振动越小。弹簧隔振器自身阻尼系数较低，难以满足上述需求，因此通常同时安装阻尼器与隔振器。Damping is one of the important factors affecting the vibration isolation efficiency and the amplitude of the object to be isolated. When the ratio of the vibration frequency f to the system natural frequency f ₀ is less than

When the damping ratio is larger, the vibration isolation efficiency is higher. When the vibration frequency f is close to the natural frequency f ₀ of the system, the amplitude of the vibration-isolated equipment is mainly controlled by the damping. The greater the damping, the smaller the vibration. The damping coefficient of the spring isolator itself is low, and it is difficult to meet the above requirements, so the damper and the vibration isolator are usually installed at the same time.

Commonly used dampers include tuned mass dampers, metal dampers, viscous dampers, viscoelastic dampers, and electromagnetic dampers. Among them, permanent magnet-based electromagnetic dampers have no direct contact between conductors and magnets, so there is no friction, Leakage, etc.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a spring vibration isolator coupled with electromagnetic damping, which has no problems such as friction and liquid leakage, and has excellent vibration isolation performance.

A spring vibration isolator coupled with electromagnetic damping includes a spring vibration isolation unit, the spring isolation array unit is a load platform, a spring and a base from top to bottom, and the spring vibration isolator further includes a spring vibration isolator arranged outside the spring. a horizontal magnetic field generating unit, and an electromagnetic damping generating unit disposed between the horizontal magnetic field generating unit and the spring and insulatingly suspended under the load platform; the horizontal magnetic field generating unit is an array of magnetic materials, so The electromagnetic damping generating unit includes a conductor plate and magnetic material rods vertically spaced on the conductor plate.

The spring has a relatively low natural frequency, the upper end surface is fixedly connected with the load platform, and the lower end surface is fixedly connected with the base.

Preferably, the magnetic material array is composed of two sets of vertically stacked permanent magnets located on both sides of the spring; the magnetization directions of the two adjacent permanent magnets on the same side differ by 90°, and the two sides are opposite to the magnetization directions of the two permanent magnets A difference of 180°.

Specifically, four vertically stacked permanent magnets form magnetic material arrays on both sides of the spring, and the lower end surface of the horizontal magnetic field generating unit is fixedly connected to the base to generate a horizontal magnetic field between the magnetic material arrays.

Preferably, the conductor plates are a plurality of conductor plates arranged at intervals, and perforations are arranged at intervals on the conductor plates, and the magnetic material rods are embedded in the through holes.

Preferably, the thicknesses and spacings of the plurality of conductor plates are equal or unequal.

Preferably, the surface of the magnetic material rod is provided with a slot for adjusting the horizontal spacing of the conductor plates and fixing the magnetic material rod.

Specifically, there are two or more conductor plates with high electrical conductivity and low magnetic permeability. The magnetic material rod is specifically a ferromagnetic material rod, and a gap is left between the ferromagnetic material rod and the conductor plate, and the two are fixed by a slot on the surface of the ferromagnetic material rod. The horizontal spacing between the multiple conductor boards is adjusted through the card slot.

The electromagnetic damping generating unit is insulated and suspended under the load platform. The specific insulation suspension method is to install a layer of insulating sleeve outside the ferromagnetic material rod closest to the load platform. The insulating sleeve passes through the insulating suspension hole set at the bottom of the load platform and is fixed. .

Preferably, the cross section of the magnetic material rod is a circle, a square or a polygon, the magnetic material rod is parallel to the horizontal plane or forms a certain angle with the horizontal plane, and the distance between the magnetic material rods is equal or unequal.

Preferably, the spring vibration isolator further includes a throttling damping generating unit arranged in the spring, the throttling damping generating unit comprising a sleeve, two connecting rods, a piston with an orifice, and a damping fluid ;

One end of one connecting rod is connected to the piston, and the other end is connected to the load platform; one end of the other connecting rod is connected to the bottom of the sleeve, and the other end is connected to the base; the inner cavity of the sleeve is divided into two parts by the piston , the damping fluid flows between the two parts of the cavity through the orifice on the piston.

Preferably, an electromagnetic shielding unit is provided outside the horizontal magnetic field generating unit.

The electromagnetic shielding unit is specifically a high magnetic permeability diamagnetic sleeve with openings at both ends. The lower end of the high magnetic permeability material diamagnetic sleeve is fixed on the base.

Preferably, a buffer unit is provided on the top of the horizontal magnetic field generating unit.

The buffer unit is specifically a rubber block. The lower end of the rubber block is connected to the upper end of the horizontal magnetic field generating unit. When the electromagnetic shielding unit is installed, the lower end of the rubber block is connected to the upper end of the electromagnetic shielding unit, and the upper end of the rubber block and the load platform maintain a certain gap.

The way to determine the best initial position is that when the spring vibration isolator bears the rated static load, the distance between the bottom of the load platform and the top of the buffer unit is the same as the maximum displacement value set by the spring vibration isolator.

Preferably, an insulating unit is provided between the top of the load platform and the spring and the base.

The working principle of the above-mentioned coupled electromagnetic damping spring isolator is as follows:

When the load platform vibrates under the action of external force, the vibration of the load platform drives the connecting rod of the throttling damping generating unit and the electromagnetic damping generating unit to vibrate. The vibration of the connecting rod causes the damping fluid to flow between the two cavities through the orifice on the piston, generating a viscous damping force opposite to the vibration direction of the load platform. The vibration of the electromagnetic damping generating unit causes the conductor plate and the magnetic material array to move relative to each other, and the conductor plate cuts the magnetic field lines to generate eddy currents (induced currents), which interact with the magnetic field generated by the magnetic material arrays to generate electromagnetic damping forces that are opposite to the moving direction of the load platform ( Ampere force or Lorentz force).

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

(1) Use multiple thin conductor plates instead of a single thick conductor plate to generate eddy currents to increase the intensity of the induced current in the conductor plates.

(2) Insert a ferromagnetic material rod into the conductor plate to conduct magnetism to increase the magnetic induction intensity in the conductor plate.

(3) A throttling damping generating unit is further introduced inside the spring, which is superimposed with the electromagnetic damping force to generate a wider range of damping force.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1, a spring vibration isolator coupled with electromagnetic damping includes: a spring vibration isolation unit, a magnetic material array 1, a high magnetic permeability material diamagnetic sleeve 2, a buffer rubber block 3, and a ferromagnetic material rod 4 , Conductor plate 5, insulating sleeve and hanging hole 6, throttling damping generating unit 8.

The spring vibration isolation unit includes a load platform 7 , a spring 9 and a base 10 from top to bottom. An insulating plate 11 is provided between the top of the load platform 7 and the spring 9 and the base 10 . The upper end surface of the spring 9 is fixedly connected with the load platform 7 , and the lower end surface is fixedly connected with the insulating plate 11 on the base 10 . The spring 9 is in particular located inside the conductor plate 5 .

The magnetic material array 1 is used to generate a horizontal magnetic field, and its lower end is fixed on the base 10 . The magnetic material array 1 is specifically composed of two sets of vertically stacked permanent magnets located on both sides of the spring 9 , and each set includes four permanent magnets. The magnetization directions of the two adjacent permanent magnets on the same side differ by 90°, and the magnetization directions of the two opposite permanent magnets on the two sides differ by 180°.

The high magnetic permeability material diamagnetic sleeve 2 is arranged outside the magnetic material array 1 to prevent the magnetic material array 1 from affecting the outside world, and its lower end is fixed on the base 10; the buffer rubber block 3 is fixed on the magnetic material array 1 and the high The top of the magnetic permeability material diamagnetic sleeve 2 is used to protect the magnetic material array 1 and prevent the load platform 7 from directly colliding with the high magnetic permeability material diamagnetic sleeve 2 to generate excessive vibration noise.

After the conductor plate 5 is debugged to determine the horizontal spacing of the plurality of conductor plates, the grooves on the surface of the ferromagnetic material rod 4 are used to fix it with the ferromagnetic material rod 4 . The distance between the conductor plate 5 and the magnetic material array 1 is extremely small. The conductor plate 5 and the ferromagnetic material rod 4 are insulated and suspended under the load platform 7 through the insulating sleeve and the suspension hole 6 .

The throttling damping generating unit 8 is located in the spring 9, and specifically includes a sleeve 81, two connecting rods 82, a piston 83 with a throttling hole, and a damping fluid 84; one end of one connecting rod 82 is connected to the piston 83, and the other One end is connected with the load platform 7; one end of the other connecting rod 82 is connected with the bottom of the sleeve 81, and the other end is connected with the insulating plate 11 on the base 10; the inner cavity of the sleeve 81 is divided into two parts by the piston 83, The damping fluid 84 flows between the two parts of the cavity through the orifice on the piston 83 .

The vibration of the load platform 7 drives the connecting rod 82 of the throttling damping generating unit 8 and the conductor plate 5 to vibrate. The vibration of the connecting rod 82 causes the damping fluid 84 in the throttling damping unit 8 to flow between the two cavities through the throttling hole on the piston 83 to generate a viscous damping force opposite to the vibration direction of the load platform 7 . The magnetic field lines generated by the conductor plate 5 vibrating and cutting the magnetic material array 1 generate eddy currents (induced currents), and the eddy currents interact with the magnetic field generated by the magnetic material array 1 to generate an electromagnetic damping force (Ampere force or Lorentz force) that is opposite to the vibration direction of the load platform 7 force).

Considering the skin effect, the maximum thickness δ of a single conductor plate 5 can be determined by formula (1)

In the formula, ρ is the resistivity of the conductor plate, μ ₀ =4π*10 ^-7 N/A ² is the vacuum permeability, l _p is the length of a single permanent magnet in the vertical direction, v is the conductor plate and the array of magnetic materials The relative movement speed between them (that is, the vibration speed of the load platform).

In a specific implementation process, the conductor plate 5 can be made of copper or other materials with high electrical conductivity and low magnetic permeability, and the shape of the conductor plate 5 can be various shapes including circle, square or polygon.

In the specific implementation process, the cross section of the ferromagnetic material rod 4 can be in various shapes including circle, square or polygon, and can be in various forms such as sheet or column.

In the specific implementation process, the ferromagnetic material rods 4 can be inserted into the conductor plate 5 parallel to the horizontal plane, or can be inserted into the conductor plate 5 at a certain angle with the horizontal plane, and the distances between the magnetic material rods 4 can be equal or unequal.

In a specific implementation process, the thicknesses and spacings of the plurality of conductor plates 5 may be equal or unequal.

In the specific implementation process, the arrangement of the magnetic material array 1 may be various ways including the above-mentioned embodiment.

In a specific implementation process, the viscous damping generated by the throttling damping generating unit 8 or the electromagnetic damping generated by the electromagnetic damping generating unit may be used alone, or both kinds of damping may be used simultaneously.

In a specific implementation process, additional magnetic materials may be placed inside the spring 9 and outside the throttling damping generating unit 8 to enhance the magnetic field inside the spring isolator.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A spring vibration isolator of coupling electromagnetic damping comprises a spring vibration isolation unit, wherein the spring vibration isolation unit comprises a load platform, a spring and a base from top to bottom; the horizontal magnetic field generating unit is a magnetic material array, and the electromagnetic damping generating unit comprises a conductor plate and magnetic material rods vertically arranged on the conductor plate at intervals.

2. The coupled electromagnetic damped spring isolator of claim 1 wherein the array of magnetic material is comprised of two sets of vertically stacked permanent magnets on either side of the spring; the magnetizing directions of two adjacent permanent magnets on the same side are different by 90 degrees, and the magnetizing directions of two opposite permanent magnets on the two sides are different by 180 degrees.

3. The coupled electromagnetic damping spring vibration isolator of claim 1, wherein the conductor plate is a plurality of conductor plates arranged at intervals, through holes are arranged at intervals on the conductor plates, and the magnetic material rods are embedded in the through holes.

4. The coupled electromagnetic damped spring isolator of claim 3 wherein the plurality of conductor plates are of equal or unequal thickness and spacing.

5. The coupled electromagnetic damped spring isolator of claim 3 or 4, wherein the surface of the magnetic material rod is provided with a clamping groove for adjusting the horizontal distance of the conductor plates and fixing the magnetic material rod.

6. The coupled electromagnetic damping spring vibration isolator according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the cross section of the magnetic material rods is circular, square or polygonal, the magnetic material rods are parallel to the horizontal plane or form a certain included angle with the horizontal plane, and the intervals of the magnetic material rods are equal or unequal.

7. The electromagnetically coupled spring isolator as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a throttle damping generating unit disposed inside the spring, the throttle damping generating unit comprising a sleeve, two connecting rods, a piston with a throttle hole, and a damping fluid;

one end of one connecting rod is connected with the piston, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the load platform; one end of the other connecting rod is connected with the bottom of the sleeve, and the other end of the other connecting rod is connected with the base; the inner cavity of the sleeve is divided into two parts by the piston, and damping fluid flows between the two parts through the throttling hole on the piston.

8. The coupled electromagnetic damped spring isolator of claim 1, wherein the horizontal directional magnetic field generating unit is externally provided with an electromagnetic shielding unit.

9. The coupled electromagnetic damped spring isolator of claim 1, wherein a damping unit is disposed on top of the horizontal magnetic field generating unit.

10. The coupled electromagnetic damped spring isolator of claim 1, wherein an insulating unit is disposed between the load platform top, the spring, and the base.

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