JP4712256B2 - High-grade chicken extract-containing functional food and method for producing the same - Google Patents

High-grade chicken extract-containing functional food and method for producing the same Download PDF

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JP4712256B2
JP4712256B2 JP2001304478A JP2001304478A JP4712256B2 JP 4712256 B2 JP4712256 B2 JP 4712256B2 JP 2001304478 A JP2001304478 A JP 2001304478A JP 2001304478 A JP2001304478 A JP 2001304478A JP 4712256 B2 JP4712256 B2 JP 4712256B2
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extract
food
chicken extract
chicken
functional food
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JP2003102435A (en
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雅之 水野
豊 木村
洋平 千葉
延也 柳内
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Tokai Bussan Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、高品位チキンエキス含有機能性食品又は食品素材とその製造方法に関するものであり、更に詳しくは、チキンエキスに独特の臭みを感じさせることなく好適に直接飲用及び食用に供することが可能なレベルに高度に高品位化された品質・風味を有し、健康維持、体力増強及び生活習慣病予防などに寄与する、チキンエキスを主成分とする機能性食品を製造することを可能とする、新しい高品位チキンエキス含有機能性食品又は食品素材の製造方法及びそれらの製品に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般に、食用家禽、特に、鶏肉の熱水抽出物は、チキンエキスとしてスープの材料や薬用飲料として古くから広く利用されて来たものである。チキンエキスを薬用飲料として使用する目的には、滋養強壮、疲労回復、或いは美肌効果などが挙げられるが、これまで、これらの機能性を発揮する成分についての系統的な研究は殆どなされて来なかったのが実情であり、伝統的に、滋養強壮、或いは良好な健康を保つ目的に優れているという経験則に基ずく認識が広く浸透して来たものである。
【0003】
鶏肉を含めて、畜肉や魚肉などの生体組織から抽出される機能性成分に関する最近の研究によれば、これらの材料から熱水抽出される成分の中で、ヒスチジン含有ジペプチド類(Histidine−containing dipeptides、以下、HCDPと略記する) が注目されて来た。HCDPの代表的な物質として、カルノシン、アンセリン、バレニン、ホモカルノシンなどが挙げられるが、カルノシンは、β−アラニンとヒスチジンが結合したジペプチドであり、主として、哺乳類の骨格筋組織や脳内に存在するHCDPであり、ヒスチジンのイミダゾール環がメチル化されたアンセリンとバレニンは、それぞれ大型回遊魚などの魚類と鯨などの水生哺乳類、両生類などの活動的な筋肉に分布する特徴的なHCDPである。これに対して、鶏肉のHCDPは、アンセリンとカルノシンが2:1、或いは3:1に含有される特徴を持ち、哺乳類ではヤギやラクダなどの筋肉組織と類似したHCDP分布を有している(玉木ら, 薬学雑誌96巻、1481−1486頁、1972年;阿部, 化学と生物23巻、809−815頁、1985年) 。
【0004】
近年の健康志向、或いは生活習慣病予防への関心が高まるにつれて、HCDPが持つ機能性に注目が集まっているが、チキンエキスについて言えば、その中にHCDPが含有されることは公知であっても、これまで、そのHCDPの機能や意義、或いは抽出法に関する科学的知見は全く報告されて来なかった。従来のチキンエキス、或いはスープ材料の製造方法を概観しても、チキンエキスは、鶏ガラエキスを含めて高温高圧抽出法によるものが一般的であり(越智ら、NewFood Industry、11巻、24頁、1969年) 、最近の常圧抽出法においても、調味料としての旨み成分の抽出に重点がおかれ、機能性成分のHCDPの抽出には殆ど配慮がなされて来なかった。実際に、現在、市販されているチキンエキス飲料をみても、それらは、高温高圧下で抽出されたものである。
【0005】
HCDP、特に、アンセリンやカルノシンは、生体由来の抗酸化剤、或いは活性酸素除去剤と呼ばれる機能を有しているが、この性質を逆から見れば、HCDPが酸化的、高温高圧的条件に晒されることは、これらの機能が消耗することを意味している。また、高温高圧で抽出されたチキンエキスは、エキス中に含まれる蛋白質やアミノ酸が化学変化(所謂、褐変反応) して着色し、更に、蛋白質の加熱分解や焦げ臭の発生を来たす欠点を有していた。一方、常圧抽出法の場合には、ゼラチン質やその他のスープ材料としての風味成分を抽出するには適しているが、HCDPの抽出量は不十分であり、また、チキンエキスをスープ材料ではなく、直接飲料や食用に供す場合にも低温抽出(100℃以下) ほど鶏肉が持つ臭みが強く残り、ゼラチン質も逆に官能的風味を著しく損ねる原因にもなって来た。
【0006】
チキンエキス中に含有されるもうひとつの機能性成分として、タウリンがあるが、タウリンもHCDPと同様に、抗酸化作用、生体緩衝作用を持つ硫酸基を含むアミノ酸の一種である。タウリンも、すでに疲労回復、滋養強壮剤として広く利用されてきた天然の機能性成分であり、鶏肉を熱水抽出したエキス中にも多く含まれているが、タウリンの抽出に関する知見も少ないものであった。
アンセリンやカルノシンなどのHCDPやタウリンが持つ生理作用は、極めて多種多様であり、これまで、天然のアンセリン、カルノシン及びタウリンを利用した機能性食品が種々提案されているが、それらをいくつか例示すると、次の通りである。(1)造血機能促進剤(特開平07−227250)、(2)抗酸化ソーセージ(特開平09−009921)、(3)抗ストレス組成物(特開平09−020660)、(4)学習能力向上組成物(特開平09−02661)、(5)食用天然カルノシン含有組成物(特開2001−029042)、(6)体力増強・疲労回復用素材及びそれを用いた食品(特開2001−046021)、(7)脂質代謝改善用素材及びそれを用いた食品(特開平2001−057868)、及び(8)肥満改善及びダイエット食用素材並びにそれを用いたダイエット食品(特開平2001−057869)。
【0007】
これらのうち、上記(1)、(3)、(4)は、アンセリン、カルノシンなどを任意に選択して調製される食品であり、天然品、合成品を規定しない組成物でアンセリンーカルノシンータウリンという複合成分を利用したものではなく、上記(2)の組成は、畜肉と魚肉抽出物を利用したものであり、上記(5)は、カルノシン含有天然エキス、野菜エキス及び魚介エキスの混合物であり、更に、上記(6)、(7)、(8)は、畜肉加工廃液から回収されたカルニチンとタウリンを主成分とする食品であり、HCDPとしては、カルノシンが主成分である。また、最近、疲労回復素材として、魚肉加工廃液から得られるHCDP素材が市販されているが、この主成分は、アンセリンであり、カルノシンを殆ど含有していないものである。鶏肉からHCDPを取得する方法に関する公知の技術としては、上記の常圧抽出法や高温高圧法以外に、鶏肉の酵素処理法(Huang,SCら,Proceedings of National Science Council,Republic of China 24巻、193−201頁、2000年) があるのみである。
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
一般に、チキンエキスは、伝統的に滋養・強壮、健康維持に効果があると伝承されて来たものであるが、これまで、単に家庭料理として、或いはスープ素材や調味料素材として利用されて来ただけであり、市販されているチキンエキス飲料も、滋養・強壮以外にその機能性を示す根拠に乏しく、また、飲料として必ずしも適切な風味品質を有するものでもなかった。このような状況の中で、本発明者らは、チキンエキスを単にスープ素材や調味料素材として利用するだけでなく、積極的に機能性食品として利用して、健康維持や生活習慣病予防に直接寄与出来る飲料、或いは食品を創出するために、高い風味品質と高濃度のHCDP及びタウリンを含有するチキンエキスの大量製造方法について種々検討を行い、また、その機能性についての評価、検討も行った結果、品質・風味が高品位化された高品位チキンエキス含有機能性食品を製造することに成功し、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するための本発明は、以下の技術的手段から構成される。
(1)食用鶏、或いは産卵用廃鶏の中抜き屠体に対して、抗酸化剤を含む水を加え、110℃以下の微加圧条件下で加熱してチキンエキスを抽出し、脂肪及び不溶物を除去し、室温〜60℃の条件下で高分子物質やゼラチン質を除去出来る分画分子量3,000〜10,000の限外ろ過膜で処理して透過液を回収し、任意の濃度まで濃縮して固形物重量当たりアンセリン、カルノシン及びタウリンの総量として10〜40%含有する高品位チキンエキス原体を調製した後、任意に添加物を添加して滅菌処理及び/又は乾燥処理することを特徴とする、抗酸化作用、抗疲労作用及び抗肥満作用を有する機能性食品又は食品素材の製造方法。
(2)上記限外ろ過膜処理して回収した透過液を、分画分子量200〜500のナノろ過膜で処理して濃縮することを特徴とする、前記(1)に記載の機能性食品又は食品素材の製造方法。
(3)前記()に記載の製造方法によって製造されるチキンエキス由来機能性食品又は食品素材であって、以下の性質;(a)鶏筋肉組織に由来する余剰のカリウム塩や呈味性アミノ酸類が除去されている、(b)直接飲用及び食用に供すことが可能な高品位の品質・風味を有する、(c)主要な機能性成分として固形物重量当たりアンセリン、カルノシン及びタウリンの総量として10〜40%含有する、を有することを特徴とする、チキンエキス由来機能性食品又は食品素材。
(4)機能性食品又は食品素材が、飲料、調味料又は食用固形物であることを特徴とする、前記()に記載の機能性食品又は食品素材。
【0010】
鶏肉より高い風味・品質(品位) を有するチキンエキスを取得する方法として、本発明者らは、既に微加圧抽出法(103〜105℃) に関する特許を出願しているが(特願2000−236815)、この方法は、常圧抽出法(95〜98℃) や高圧抽出法(120℃、130℃) と比較して、高い抽出効率で良質のチキンエキスを取得することができる点で最も優れるものである。しかし、鶏肉組織に由来する高分子物質も常圧抽出法と同様に抽出され、高分子画分には鶏肉独特の臭み、ゼラチン質がかなり含まれおり、直接飲用及び食用に供すためには未だ十分ではなく、また、エキス固形分当たりのHCDP及びタウリン含量も相対的に低いものであったが、更に、分画分子量3,000〜10,000の限外濾過膜処理を行うことによって、チキンエキスが本来有する風味を損なうことなく臭み成分及びゼラチン質を完全に除去し、かつエキス固形物当たりのHCDPとタウリン含量を2倍以上の10〜30%に上げることが可能であることが分かった。
【0011】
また、本発明に係る機能性食品を腎機能に障害を持つヒトをも対象にした場合には、ゼラチン質などの蛋白質成分と同様に、アミノ酸やカリウム濃度を低下させておくことが重要であり、それに応じてHCDPの含量を高めておくことが有利である。この目的には、限外濾過膜処理したチキンエキスを更に分画分子量200〜500のナノ濾過膜で処理することが最も適しており、この方法で、余剰のアミノ酸や塩類を50%以下まで除去することにより、更に、エキス固形分当たりのHCDP含量が約40%の高いチキンエキスを製造することが可能となることが分かった。
以上の製造方法によって、外観的には黄色透明で、かつ良好な官能的風味とエキス固形分当たり10〜40%の高いHCDP及びタウリン含量を有するチキンエキスの大量生産が可能であり、得られたチキンエキス処理物は、抗疲労効果や抗肥満効果を示し、機能性食品又は食品素材として優れた性質を持つものであることが分かった。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
次に、本発明の実施の形態について詳細に説明する。
本発明に係る高品位チキンエキスの典型的な製造方法は次の通りである。チキンエキス抽出のための原料は、食用鶏(ブロイラー・肉用鶏など) や産卵廃鶏などをミンチ状にせず、中抜き屠体のまま用いる。中抜き屠体の重量に対して1〜4倍容の、食用に供すことが可能な抗酸化剤、例えば、ビタミンC、ビタミンE、或いはβ−カロチンなどを0.001〜0.01%濃度になるように添加した製造用水を加え、圧力釜中で110℃以下、好適には103〜105℃(加圧圧力として0.5kg/cm2 以下) の微加圧条件下で、2〜8時間加熱抽出する。次に、抽出液を分液可能な構造のタンクへ回収し、放冷しながら油層を完全に分離して水層を回収する。回収した水層中に含まれる不溶物を必要ならば濾過補助剤等を用いて濾過、除去し、次に、高分子物質やゼラチン質を除去出来る分画分子量3,000〜10,000の範囲から選択した限外濾過膜の処理に供して、限外濾過膜透過液を回収する。なお、この限外濾過膜処理時の温度は、室温から60℃の範囲を維持し、濾過膜不透過液が濃縮されて増粘、固化することを防止する。
【0013】
中抜き屠体当たり3倍量の製造水を加えてチキンエキスを抽出した場合には、チキンエキス中の固形分濃度(Brix濃度計) は、およそ1.0〜2.0の範囲内にある。この抽出液は、製造用途に応じて薄膜型減圧濃縮装置などを用いて任意の固形分濃度になるように濃縮し、チキンエキス原体とする。本原体の製造用途としては、分画分子量3,000〜10,000の限外濾過膜透過チキンエキスを飲料原料として使用する場合、乾燥食品原料として使用する場合、そして、HCDP含量をエキス固形分当たり10〜30%まで高め余剰の塩とアミノ酸を50%以下まで除去した高純度チキンエキス製造原料として使用する場合の3種がある。飲料原料の場合には、固形分濃度を3.0〜6.0%濃度になるように濃縮し、乾燥食品原料の場合は、固形分濃度を10〜30%濃度に濃縮し、高純度チキンエキス製造の場合は、濃縮せずに透過液の状態のままか、或いは保管に適する濃度まで濃縮して保存する。高純度チキンエキスの製造は、このチキンエキス原体を分画分子量200〜500のナロ濾過膜で濾過して脱塩と余剰のアミノ酸の除去を行い、チキンエキス中の固形分当りのHCDP濃度を30〜40%のレベルにして、固形物濃度を任意の濃度まで濃縮することが出来る。ここで得られる原体は無菌濾過して保存し、飲料原料や乾燥食品原料として使用することが出来る。
【0014】
また、本発明の方法で得られたチキンエキスの抗疲労作用及び抗肥満作用に関する動物試験の結果から、いずれの作用もHCDPとタウリン総量として一日投与量が4〜8mg/kg・体重で有意の効果が確認された。従って、本発明により製造されるチキンエキスを主成分とする機能性食品の場合、チキンエキスに含まれるHCDPとタウリンの総量が成人一日当たり200mg〜400mg、より望ましくは400mg〜800mg摂取できるようにチキンエキスの濃度、或いは添加量を計算して調製する。なお、本発明により製造されたチキンエキスの安全性試験において、試験動物で死亡例や異常例は全く観察されず、従って、本発明のチキンエキスを大量に摂取しても安全性は極めて高いことが確認されている。
【0015】
本発明によるチキンエキスの機能性食品を調製する際には、甘味を付与するために生体非利用性の糖類、例えば、エリスリトール、キシリトールなどを添加したり、HCDPやタウリンの抗酸化能を増強させるために、ビタミンC、ビタミンE、β−カロチンなどを添加したり、疲労回復作用を増強するために、ビタミンB1、B2などを、また、清涼感や酸味を付与するために、上記のビタミンCやクエン酸などを添加しても良い。
【0016】
【実施例】
以下に、試験例及び実施例を示して、本発明について具体的に説明するが、本発明は以下の実施例によって何ら限定されるものではない。
試験例1
(各チキンエキス抽出法の比較)
産卵用廃鶏の中抜き屠体(平均重量1.417kg/羽) に対して、3倍量の抗酸化剤を0.005%含む製造用水を加え、常圧(98℃) 、微加圧(105℃) 、加圧(120℃及び130℃) の4条件で、5時間抽出して、各条件で抽出されたチキンエキスの風味、固形物量、HCDP量を測定して比較した。その結果を表1に示す。なお、HCDP量は、比色定量法(A.Wolosら、Comp.Biochem.Physiol.74B:623−626,1983)により測定し、風味は、3名のパネラーにより判定した。
【0017】
【表1】

Figure 0004712256
【0018】
表1に示す通り、固形物の抽出量は、加熱温度が高くなるほど多く、それに従って、見かけのHCDP抽出量も多い結果であった。しかし、固形物当たりのHCDP量は4条件で大きな相違はなく、しかし、風味の点では常圧抽出法と微加圧抽出法が際立って良好であった。なお、HCDP量をGPC−HPLC法で測定した場合には、120℃と130℃の条件では、むしろ減少している傾向が認められた。
【0019】
試験例2
(限外濾過膜処理の検討)
微加圧抽出法により得られたチキンエキスには、ゼラチンなどの高分子物質、鶏肉独特の臭み成分がふくまれている。また、固形分当たりのHCDPとタウリンの含量も相対的に低いものであるので、高品質のチキンエキスの風味を残したまま、嗜好を左右する高分子物質と臭み成分を除去し、かつHCDP及びタウリン含量をより高めたエキスを製造するために、限外濾過膜処理の検討を行った。
HCDPのアンセリンとカルノシンの分子量は、それぞれ240と226のジペプチドであり、タウリンは分子量125の含硫アミノ酸である。限外濾過膜の形式としては、平膜方式(スパイラル方式) 、及びフォローファイバー方式(或いはキャピラリー方式) があるので、市販されている各社の限外濾過膜について、微加圧抽出チキンエキスを用いて比較検討した。その結果を表2に示す。
【0020】
【表2】
Figure 0004712256
【0021】
表2の結果から、限外濾過膜は、製造各社の特質によってチキンエキス中の高分子物質や臭み成分、或いはHCDPとタウリンの透過率が異なっている。しかし、フォローファイバー方式、平膜方式のいずれでも、分画分子量3,000〜10,000の範囲の膜を選択することによって、高いHCDP回収率で高分子物質と臭み成分を効率よく除去することが可能であることが判明した。なお、分画分子量が2,000以下になると、HCDPとタウリン両者の一部も膜上に阻止され、回収率が著しく低下することも判明した。
【0022】
次に、微加圧抽出されたチキンエキス中には、鶏肉組織に由来するカリウム塩が多量に含まれ、また、呈味性を持たないアミノ酸も存在している。チキンエキス中の固形分当たりのHCDP濃度を高め、かつ余剰のアミノ酸やカリウム塩類を除去するために、分画分子量が200以上1,000未満の、通称ナノ濾過膜と呼ばれる濾過膜処理を試験した。その結果を表3に示す。試験したナノ濾過膜のなかでは、分画分子量200〜500の膜が、塩類や呈味性アミノ酸類の一部が除去されるために、風味の点で限外濾過膜処理品より劣るものの、脱塩やHCDP回収率とその固形分当たりの濃度の点で良好な結果であった。
【0023】
【表3】
Figure 0004712256
【0024】
試験例3
(マウスに対する抗疲労作用及び抗肥満効果)
実施例1で製造した限外濾過膜処理品を用いて、マウスに対する長期間(2週間経口投与) 投与を行い、投与期間中に強制遊泳モデルでの遊泳持続時間(抗疲労作用) と体重増加の推移(抗肥満作用又は痩身効果) を試験した。試験では6週齢の雄性ddYマウスに対して、上記のチキンエキスを添加した飼料を2週間経口摂取させ、対照群にはチキンエキス非添加飼料を同様に摂取させて、投与2週間の期間中に6回遊泳試験を行った。また、体重推移を4日間隔で測定し、試験終了後、全例の臓器重量を測定した。抗疲労作用と抗肥満作用の結果を図1、図2に示し、また、各臓器重量の比較の結果を表4に示す。
【0025】
【表4】
Figure 0004712256
【0026】
これらの結果から、本発明によって得られるチキンエキスは、強制遊泳モデルにおける運動能力を有意に増強し、疲労蓄積による運動能力の低下を明らかに防止する結果であった。また、体重の増加を見てみると、対照群と被検物質投与群(被検群) ともほぼ同程度の飼料摂取量であったが、チキンエキス投与後4日目の早期に体重増加が有意に抑制され、この抑制傾向は試験期間を通して持続するものであった。表4に、各内臓臓器重量の測定結果を示した。各臓器には特に差異を認めなかったが、腹部脂肪に含まれる精巣周囲脂肪量が顕著に抑制されている結果であった。
【0027】
血清Glucose量や筋肉Glycogen量に大きな差異を認めなかったことより、運動能力・機能の増強によって、糖類をエネルギー源とするのではなく、体脂肪をエネルギー源とするエネルギーの消費亢進効果によるものであると推測される結果であった。
なお、同じく6週齢の雌雄ddYマウスに対する単回投与試験では、体重1kg当たりチキンエキスを50ml(HCDPとして約450mg)の経口投与でも死亡例、異常例は観察されず、安全性が高いことが確認された。
【0028】
実施例1
産卵用廃鶏の中抜き屠体300kgに対して、ビタミンEを0.005%に含む製造水900Lを加え、103℃、8時間加熱抽出してチキンエキス約1,000Lを得た。直ちに分液タンクへ移し、上部の油層を廃棄して、水層部分を回収し、濾過補助剤としてセライトを0.2%濃度になるよう添加して加圧濾過し、不溶物を除去した。次に、この濾過液をDSS社製(Danish Separation Systems)の限外濾過膜GR81PP(分画分子量10,000、濾過面積0.7m2 )で処理して、その透過液約1,000Lを回収した。透過液の固形物濃度はBrix計で約1.8%であった。回収液を薄膜式濃縮器でBrix濃度が10%になるように濃縮し、濃縮液を0.45μの除菌濾過膜で処理してチキンエキス原体約200Lを製造した。このチキンエキス中に含有されるHCDPとタウリンの総量は、固形物当たり24.5%であり、処理前の固形物当たりの含量の約2.5倍に濃縮され、HCDP回収率は91.0%であった。
【0029】
実施例2
実施例1と同様の方法で製造したチキンエキス20Lを製造水で希釈してBrix濃度が約2.0になるように調製し、DSS社製のナノ濾過膜(NFT−50、分画分子量500、濾過面積0.7m2 )で処理して膜透過液を廃棄し、濾過膜上に保持されたチキンエキスを回収した。回収されたチキンエキスのBrix濃度は5.6であり、固形物当たりのHCDP含量は35.0%、回収率は72.6%であった。このエキスにビタミンC60mg、ビタミンE20mg、ビタミンB1を10mg、更に、味を整えるために、甘味性のエリスリトール0.5%を添加して無菌濾過し、滅菌容器に充填して機能性飲料を調製した。
【0030】
実施例3
実施例1と同様の方法で得たチキンエキス原体を用いて、固形物濃度が4%になるように調製し、味を調えるために、甘味性のキシリトール0.5%とチキンエキスの天然香料を添加した後、無菌濾過して滅菌容器へ分注し、飲料用チキンエキスを調製した。本品は、淡黄色透明な液体であり、チキンエキス風味を持つ味覚的にも視覚的にも高い品位を持つ、従来にはない飲料であった。同様に、Brix濃度が30%になるように濃縮したチキンエキスに上記添加物を添加し、更に、乾燥補助剤としてデキストランを10%濃度に添加した後、噴霧乾燥してチキンエキス粉末を調製した。この粉末は、直接、食用に供すことも出来たが、温湯や水に溶解して飲料として使用することが可能であった。
【0031】
【発明の効果】
本発明により、以下のような効果が奏される。
1)高品位の品質・風味を有し、しかも高濃度のHCDP及びタウリンを含有するチキンエキスの大量製造方法が得られる。
2)チキンエキス独特の臭み、ゼラチン質などの蛋白成分、アミノ酸及び塩類の濃度を低下させることで、直接飲用及び食用に供することが可能なレベルに品質・風味を高品位化した新しいタイプのチキンエキス含有機能性食品が得られる。
3)抗酸化作用、抗疲労作用及び抗肥満作用を有する高品位チキンエキス含有機能性食品が得られる。
4)優れた品質及び官能風味と、エキス固形分当たりのHCDPとタウリンの含有量を高レベル化したことによる高機能性を併せ持つ、新しい食品素材を簡便なプロセスで製造できる。
5)チキンエキスの良好な風味を増幅し、HCDP及びタウリンの含量を選択的に高めた高機能性チキンエキスを簡便なプロセスで生産できる。
6)産卵用廃鶏を産業廃棄物とすることなく、高付加価値を備えた機能性食品又は食品素材として有効利用することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】強制遊泳試験でのチキンエキスの抗疲労作用を示す(*:P<0.05、**:P<0.01で有意差あり)
【図2】チキンエキスの抗肥満作用作用を示す(*:P<0.05で有意差あり)[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a high-grade chicken extract-containing functional food or food material and a method for producing the same, and more specifically, the chicken extract can be preferably directly used for drinking and food without causing a unique odor to be felt. It is possible to produce functional foods based on chicken extract that have high quality and flavor at a high level and contribute to health maintenance, physical fitness enhancement and prevention of lifestyle-related diseases. The present invention relates to a method for producing a new high-grade chicken extract-containing functional food or food material and products thereof.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, edible poultry, particularly hot water extract of chicken meat, has been widely used as a chicken extract for soup ingredients and medicinal beverages for a long time. The purpose of using chicken extract as a medicinal beverage includes nourishing tonic, fatigue recovery, and skin beautifying effects, but until now, there has been little systematic research on ingredients that exhibit these functionalities. This is the actual situation, and traditionally, recognition based on the rule of thumb that it is excellent in the purpose of nourishing toughness or maintaining good health has spread widely.
[0003]
According to recent studies on functional components extracted from biological tissues such as livestock meat and fish meat including chicken, histidine-containing dipeptides among the components extracted from hot water from these materials (Hereinafter abbreviated as HCDP). Representative substances of HCDP include carnosine, anserine, valenin, and homocarnosine. Carnosine is a dipeptide in which β-alanine and histidine are bound, and is mainly present in mammalian skeletal muscle tissue and brain. Anserine and valenine, which are HCDPs and methylated in the imidazole ring of histidine, are characteristic HCDPs distributed in active muscles such as fishes such as large migratory fish, aquatic mammals such as whales, and amphibians, respectively. On the other hand, chicken HCDP has the characteristics that anserine and carnosine are contained at 2: 1 or 3: 1, and has a HCDP distribution similar to muscle tissues such as goats and camels in mammals ( Tamaki et al., Pharmaceutical Journal 96, 1481-1486, 1972; Abe, Chemistry and Biology 23, 809-815, 1985).
[0004]
As the interest in preventing health-related diseases and lifestyle-related diseases has increased in recent years, attention has been focused on the functionality of HCDP, but it is known that chicken extract contains HCDP. However, until now, no scientific knowledge about the function and significance of HCDP or the extraction method has been reported. Even when overview of conventional methods for producing chicken extract or soup ingredients, chicken extract is generally based on a high temperature and high pressure extraction method including chicken extract, (Ochi et al., New Food Industry, Vol. 11, p. 24, (1969) In recent atmospheric pressure extraction methods, emphasis was placed on the extraction of the umami component as a seasoning, and little consideration has been given to the extraction of the functional component HCDP. Actually, even if the chicken extract beverages currently on the market are seen, they are extracted under high temperature and high pressure.
[0005]
HCDP, especially anserine and carnosine, has a function called a biologically derived antioxidant or active oxygen scavenger. From the opposite viewpoint, HCDP is exposed to oxidative, high temperature and high pressure conditions. This means that these functions are consumed. In addition, chicken extract extracted at high temperature and high pressure has the disadvantages that proteins and amino acids contained in the extract are colored due to chemical changes (so-called browning reaction), and further heat decomposition of the protein and generation of a burning odor. Was. On the other hand, the atmospheric pressure extraction method is suitable for extracting flavor components as gelatin and other soup ingredients, but the extraction amount of HCDP is insufficient, and the chicken extract is not suitable for soup ingredients. However, even when directly used for beverages and food, the odor of chicken remains stronger as the temperature is extracted (less than 100 ° C.), and the gelatinous substance has also caused the sensory flavor to be significantly impaired.
[0006]
Taurine is another functional component contained in the chicken extract. Taurine is also a kind of amino acid containing a sulfate group having an antioxidant action and a biological buffering action, like HCDP. Taurine is also a natural functional ingredient that has been widely used as a fatigue recovery and nourishing tonic. It is also contained in a large amount of chicken extracted with hot water, but there is little knowledge about taurine extraction. there were.
Physiological actions of HCDP and taurine such as anserine and carnosine are extremely diverse, and various functional foods using natural anserine, carnosine and taurine have been proposed so far. It is as follows. (1) Hematopoietic function promoter (Japanese Patent Laid-open No. 07-227250), (2) Antioxidant sausage (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 09-009921), (3) Anti-stress composition (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 09-020660), (4) Improvement of learning ability Composition (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 09-02661), (5) Edible natural carnosine-containing composition (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-029042), (6) Material for enhancing physical fitness / fatigue recovery and food using the same (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-046021) (7) A material for improving lipid metabolism and a food using the same (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-057868), and (8) A material for improving obesity and diet and a diet food using the same (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-056769).
[0007]
Among these, the above (1), (3), (4) are foods prepared by arbitrarily selecting anserine, carnosine, etc., and are anserine-carnosine with a composition that does not define natural products and synthetic products. It is not a compound using taurine, but the composition of (2) above uses a meat and fish extract, and (5) above is a mixture of carnosine-containing natural extract, vegetable extract and seafood extract. Furthermore, the above (6), (7), and (8) are foods mainly composed of carnitine and taurine recovered from livestock meat processing waste liquid, and HCDP is mainly composed of carnosine. Recently, an HCDP material obtained from a fish processing waste liquid is commercially available as a fatigue recovery material. However, this main component is anserine and hardly contains carnosine. Known techniques for obtaining HCDP from chicken include, in addition to the above-described normal pressure extraction method and high-temperature high-pressure method, a chicken enzyme treatment method (Huang, SC et al., Proceedings of National Science Council, Public of China 24, 193-201, 2000).
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In general, chicken extract has traditionally been handed down to nourish, tonic and maintain health, but it has been used only as a home dish or as a soup or seasoning ingredient. However, commercially available chicken extract beverages lacked the grounds for their functionality other than nourishment and tonic, and did not necessarily have an appropriate flavor quality as a beverage. Under such circumstances, the present inventors not only use chicken extract as a soup material and seasoning material, but also actively use it as a functional food to maintain health and prevent lifestyle-related diseases. In order to create beverages or foods that can contribute directly, we will conduct various studies on mass production methods of chicken extract containing high flavor quality and high concentrations of HCDP and taurine, and also evaluate and examine their functionality. As a result, the present inventors have succeeded in producing a high-quality chicken extract-containing functional food having high quality and flavor, and have completed the present invention.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention for solving the above-described problems comprises the following technical means.
(1) diet for chickens, or for punching carcass in the laying waste hens, water containing an antioxidant was added to extract the chicken extract was heated at slight pressure conditions of 110 ° C. or less, fat Insoluble matter is removed, and a permeate is recovered by treating with an ultrafiltration membrane having a molecular weight cut off of 3,000 to 10,000 capable of removing high molecular weight substances and gelatin under room temperature to 60 ° C. After preparing a high-grade chicken extract raw material containing 10 to 40% of the total amount of anserine, carnosine and taurine per solid weight by weight , the additive is optionally added and sterilized and / or dried. A method for producing a functional food or food material having an antioxidant action, an anti-fatigue action, and an anti-obesity action .
(2) the ultrafiltration membrane is treated with recovered permeate, characterized that you concentrate was treated with nanofiltration membranes with molecular weight cut off of 200 to 500, functionality according to (1) A method for producing food or food material.
(3) A chicken extract-derived functional food or food material produced by the production method described in ( 2 ) above, having the following properties: (a) excess potassium salt derived from chicken muscle tissue and taste Amino acids have been removed , (b) high quality and flavor that can be directly used for drinking and edible, (c) the total amount of anserine, carnosine and taurine per solid weight as the main functional ingredients 10 to 40% as a functional food or food material derived from chicken extract.
(4) functional food or food material, beverages, characterized in that it is a seasoning or an edible solid, functional food or food material according to (1).
[0010]
As a method for obtaining a chicken extract having a higher flavor and quality (quality) than chicken, the present inventors have already applied for a patent relating to a fine pressure extraction method (103 to 105 ° C.) (Japanese Patent Application 2000- 236815), this method is most advantageous in that a high-quality chicken extract can be obtained with high extraction efficiency compared with the atmospheric pressure extraction method (95-98 ° C.) and the high pressure extraction method (120 ° C., 130 ° C.). It is excellent. However, high-molecular substances derived from chicken tissue are also extracted in the same way as the atmospheric pressure extraction method, and the high molecular fraction contains a considerable amount of chicken-specific odors and gelatinous materials, and is still not available for direct drinking and food use. In addition, although the HCDP and taurine contents per extract solid content were relatively low, the chicken was further subjected to ultrafiltration membrane treatment with a molecular weight cut-off of 3,000 to 10,000. It was found that it is possible to completely remove odor components and gelatinous materials without impairing the flavor inherent in the extract, and to increase the HCDP and taurine contents per 10% of the extract solids by more than twice. .
[0011]
In addition, when the functional food according to the present invention is also intended for humans with impaired renal function, it is important to reduce the amino acid and potassium concentrations in the same manner as protein components such as gelatin. Accordingly, it is advantageous to increase the HCDP content accordingly. For this purpose, it is most suitable to treat the ultrafiltration membrane-treated chicken extract with a nanofiltration membrane having a molecular weight cut off of 200 to 500, and this method removes excess amino acids and salts to 50% or less. In addition, it was found that a chicken extract having a high HCDP content per extract solid content of about 40% can be produced.
By the above production method, it is possible to mass-produce chicken extract having a transparent appearance of yellow and having a good sensory flavor and a high HCDP and taurine content of 10 to 40% per extract solid content. It was found that the chicken extract-treated product exhibits an anti-fatigue effect and an anti-obesity effect and has excellent properties as a functional food or food material.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
A typical method for producing a high-grade chicken extract according to the present invention is as follows. The raw material for chicken extract extraction is to use edible chickens (broiler chickens, meat chickens, etc.) and spawned hens in minced form without removing them from the carcass. Concentration of 0.001 to 0.01% of an edible antioxidant, such as vitamin C, vitamin E, or β-carotene, in an amount of 1 to 4 times the weight of the hollow carcass The water for production added so as to become 2 to 8 under a slightly pressurized condition of 110 ° C. or lower, preferably 103 to 105 ° C. (pressurized pressure of 0.5 kg / cm 2 or lower) in a pressure kettle. Heat extract for hours. Next, the extract is collected in a tank having a structure capable of liquid separation, and the oil layer is completely separated while cooling and the aqueous layer is collected. If necessary, the insoluble matter contained in the recovered aqueous layer is filtered and removed using a filter aid or the like, and then a molecular weight cut-off within a range of 3,000 to 10,000 capable of removing a polymer substance and gelatin. The ultrafiltration membrane permeate is recovered by subjecting it to the treatment of the ultrafiltration membrane selected from the above. In addition, the temperature at the time of this ultrafiltration membrane process maintains the range of room temperature to 60 degreeC, and prevents that a filtration membrane impermeate concentrates and thickens and solidifies.
[0013]
When chicken extract is extracted by adding 3 times the amount of production water per hollow carcass, the solid content concentration (Brix concentration meter) in the chicken extract is in the range of about 1.0 to 2.0. . This extract is concentrated to an arbitrary solid content concentration using a thin film type vacuum concentration device or the like according to the production application to obtain a chicken extract raw material. For the production of the present active ingredient, an ultrafiltration membrane permeation chicken extract having a molecular weight cut off of 3,000 to 10,000 is used as a beverage raw material, a dry food raw material, and an HCDP content as an extract solid. There are three types when used as a raw material for producing a high-purity chicken extract in which excess salt and amino acids are removed up to 50% or less by increasing to 10-30% per minute. In the case of beverage ingredients, the solids concentration is concentrated to 3.0-6.0%. In the case of dry food ingredients, the solids concentration is concentrated to 10-30%. In the case of producing an extract, it is not concentrated but remains in the state of a permeate or concentrated to a concentration suitable for storage. The high-purity chicken extract is produced by filtering the raw chicken extract with a narrow filtration membrane having a molecular weight cut off of 200 to 500 to remove salt and remove excess amino acids, and to determine the HCDP concentration per solid content in the chicken extract. The solid concentration can be concentrated to an arbitrary concentration at a level of 30-40%. The raw material obtained here is aseptically filtered and stored, and can be used as a beverage raw material or a dry food raw material.
[0014]
In addition, from the results of animal tests on the anti-fatigue and anti-obesity effects of the chicken extract obtained by the method of the present invention, all the effects are significant when the daily dose is 4 to 8 mg / kg / body weight as the total amount of HCDP and taurine. The effect of was confirmed. Therefore, in the case of the functional food mainly composed of the chicken extract produced according to the present invention, the chicken can be ingested so that the total amount of HCDP and taurine contained in the chicken extract is 200 mg to 400 mg, more preferably 400 mg to 800 mg per day for an adult. Prepare by calculating the concentration or amount of extract. In the safety test of the chicken extract produced according to the present invention, no deaths or abnormal cases were observed in the test animals, and therefore the safety is extremely high even if the chicken extract of the present invention is ingested in large quantities. Has been confirmed.
[0015]
When preparing a functional food of the chicken extract according to the present invention, non-bioavailable sugars such as erythritol and xylitol are added to enhance sweetness, and the antioxidant capacity of HCDP and taurine is enhanced. In order to add vitamin C, vitamin E, β-carotene, etc., or to enhance fatigue recovery action, vitamin B1, B2, etc., and in order to impart a refreshing feeling or sour taste, the above vitamin C Or citric acid may be added.
[0016]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to test examples and examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Test example 1
(Comparison of extraction methods for each chicken extract)
Add water for production containing 0.005% of 3 times the amount of antioxidants to the hollow carcass (average weight 1.417 kg / feather) for spawning hens, and normal pressure (98 ° C), slightly pressurized Extraction was performed for 5 hours under four conditions (105 ° C.) and pressurization (120 ° C. and 130 ° C.), and the flavor, solid content, and HCDP content of the chicken extract extracted under each condition were measured and compared. The results are shown in Table 1. The amount of HCDP was measured by a colorimetric method (A. Wolos et al., Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 74B: 623-626, 1983), and the flavor was determined by three panelists.
[0017]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004712256
[0018]
As shown in Table 1, the amount of solids extracted was higher as the heating temperature was higher, and the apparent amount of HCDP was increased accordingly. However, the amount of HCDP per solid matter was not significantly different under the four conditions, but the atmospheric pressure extraction method and the fine pressure extraction method were remarkably good in terms of flavor. In addition, when the amount of HCDP was measured by the GPC-HPLC method, the tendency which decreased rather on the conditions of 120 degreeC and 130 degreeC was recognized.
[0019]
Test example 2
(Examination of ultrafiltration membrane treatment)
The chicken extract obtained by the micro-pressure extraction method contains high-molecular substances such as gelatin and chicken-specific odor components. In addition, since the content of HCDP and taurine per solid content is relatively low, the high-quality chicken extract flavor remains, the polymer substances and odor components that affect the taste are removed, and HCDP and In order to produce an extract with a higher taurine content, an ultrafiltration membrane treatment was studied.
The molecular weights of HCDP anserine and carnosine are 240 and 226 dipeptides, respectively, and taurine is a sulfur-containing amino acid with a molecular weight of 125. There are two types of ultrafiltration membranes: the flat membrane method (spiral method) and the follow fiber method (or capillary method). And compared. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0020]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004712256
[0021]
From the results in Table 2, the ultrafiltration membranes differ in the permeability of the polymer substance and odor component in the chicken extract, or HCDP and taurine, depending on the characteristics of each manufacturer. However, in both the follow fiber method and the flat membrane method, by selecting a membrane with a molecular weight cut off in the range of 3,000 to 10,000, it is possible to efficiently remove polymer substances and odor components with a high HCDP recovery rate. Turned out to be possible. It was also found that when the molecular weight cut-off was 2,000 or less, both HCDP and taurine were partially blocked on the membrane, and the recovery rate was significantly reduced.
[0022]
Next, the chicken extract extracted by slightly pressurizing contains a large amount of potassium salt derived from chicken tissue, and amino acids having no taste are also present. In order to increase the HCDP concentration per solid content in the chicken extract and to remove excess amino acids and potassium salts, a filtration membrane treatment called a nanofiltration membrane having a fractional molecular weight of 200 to less than 1,000 was tested. . The results are shown in Table 3. Among the tested nanofiltration membranes, the membrane with a fractional molecular weight of 200 to 500 is inferior to the ultrafiltration membrane treated product in terms of flavor because some of the salts and taste amino acids are removed. Good results were obtained in terms of desalting and HCDP recovery and concentration per solid content.
[0023]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004712256
[0024]
Test example 3
(Anti-fatigue and anti-obesity effects on mice)
The ultrafiltration membrane-treated product produced in Example 1 was used for long-term administration (oral administration for 2 weeks) to mice, and the duration of swimming (anti-fatigue action) and weight gain in the forced swimming model during the administration period Transition (anti-obesity effect or slimming effect) was tested. In the test, 6-week-old male ddY mice were orally ingested with the above-mentioned chicken extract-added feed for 2 weeks, and the control group was similarly ingested with the non-chicken-extracted feed during the 2-week administration period. 6 swimming tests were conducted. Moreover, the body weight transition was measured at intervals of 4 days, and the organ weights of all cases were measured after the test was completed. The results of anti-fatigue action and anti-obesity action are shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, and the results of comparison of the weights of each organ are shown in Table 4.
[0025]
[Table 4]
Figure 0004712256
[0026]
From these results, the chicken extract obtained by the present invention significantly enhanced the exercise ability in the forced swimming model, and clearly prevented the decrease in exercise ability due to fatigue accumulation. In addition, when looking at the increase in body weight, both the control group and the test substance-administered group (the test group) had almost the same amount of feed intake, but the body weight gained early on the fourth day after the chicken extract was administered. Significantly suppressed, this suppression trend persisted throughout the study period. Table 4 shows the measurement results of the visceral organ weights. Although there was no particular difference in each organ, the result was that the amount of fat around the testis contained in the abdominal fat was remarkably suppressed.
[0027]
Because there was no significant difference in the amount of serum Glucose or muscle Glycogen, the increase in exercise ability and function was not due to the use of sugar as an energy source, but because of the effect of increasing energy consumption using body fat as an energy source. It was a presumed result.
Similarly, in a single-dose study on 6-week-old male and female ddY mice, even if oral administration of 50 ml of chicken extract per kg body weight (about 450 mg as HCDP), deaths and abnormal cases were not observed, and safety was high. confirmed.
[0028]
Example 1
900 L of production water containing 0.005% vitamin E was added to 300 kg of the hollowed carcass for laying hens and extracted by heating at 103 ° C. for 8 hours to obtain about 1,000 L of chicken extract. Immediately it was transferred to a liquid separation tank, the upper oil layer was discarded, the aqueous layer portion was recovered, celite was added to a 0.2% concentration as a filter aid, and pressure filtration was performed to remove insoluble matters. Next, this filtrate is treated with an ultrafiltration membrane GR81PP (fractional molecular weight 10,000, filtration area 0.7 m 2 ) manufactured by DSS (Danish Separation Systems), and about 1,000 L of the permeate is recovered. did. The permeate solids concentration was about 1.8% on a Brix meter. The recovered liquid was concentrated with a thin film type concentrator so that the Brix concentration was 10%, and the concentrated liquid was treated with a 0.45 μ sterilizing filtration membrane to produce about 200 L of chicken extract raw material. The total amount of HCDP and taurine contained in this chicken extract is 24.5% per solid, and is concentrated to about 2.5 times the content per solid before treatment, and the HCDP recovery rate is 91.0. %Met.
[0029]
Example 2
A chicken extract 20L produced by the same method as in Example 1 was diluted with production water to prepare a Brix concentration of about 2.0, and a nanofiltration membrane (NFT-50, molecular weight cut-off 500, manufactured by DSS) was prepared. The membrane permeate was discarded by treatment with a filtration area of 0.7 m 2 ), and the chicken extract retained on the filtration membrane was recovered. The Brix concentration of the recovered chicken extract was 5.6, the HCDP content per solid matter was 35.0%, and the recovery rate was 72.6%. To this extract, 60 mg of vitamin C, 20 mg of vitamin E, 10 mg of vitamin B1, and 0.5% of sweet erythritol were added to adjust the taste and filtered aseptically, and filled into a sterile container to prepare a functional beverage. .
[0030]
Example 3
The chicken extract raw material obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 was used to prepare a solid concentration of 4%, and to adjust the taste, sweet xylitol 0.5% and chicken extract natural After adding a fragrance | flavor, aseptic filtration and dispensing to the sterile container, the chicken extract for drinks was prepared. This product was a light yellow transparent liquid, and it was an unprecedented beverage with a chicken extract flavor and high taste and visual quality. Similarly, the above additives were added to a chicken extract concentrated to a Brix concentration of 30%, and dextran was added to a concentration of 10% as a drying aid, followed by spray drying to prepare a chicken extract powder. . Although this powder could be directly used for food, it could be used as a beverage by dissolving in warm water or water.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
The following effects are exhibited by the present invention.
1) A mass production method of a chicken extract having high quality and flavor and containing high concentrations of HCDP and taurine is obtained.
2) A new type of chicken whose quality and flavor have been improved to a level that can be directly used for drinking and food by reducing the concentration of protein components such as gelatin extract, protein components such as gelatin, amino acids and salts. An extract-containing functional food is obtained.
3) A high-grade chicken extract-containing functional food having an antioxidant action, an anti-fatigue action and an anti-obesity action can be obtained.
4) A new food material having both excellent quality and sensory flavor and high functionality due to the high level of HCDP and taurine content per solid extract can be produced by a simple process.
5) It is possible to produce a high-functional chicken extract that amplifies the good flavor of the chicken extract and selectively increases the contents of HCDP and taurine by a simple process.
6) It can be effectively used as a functional food or food material having high added value without using the laying hens as industrial waste.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows anti-fatigue action of chicken extract in forced swimming test (*: P <0.05, **: significant difference at P <0.01)
FIG. 2 shows the anti-obesity effect of chicken extract (*: significant difference at P <0.05)

Claims (4)

用鶏、或いは産卵用廃鶏の中抜き屠体に対して、抗酸化剤を含む水を加え、110℃以下の微加圧条件下で加熱してチキンエキスを抽出し、脂肪及び不溶物を除去し、室温〜60℃の条件下で高分子物質やゼラチン質を除去出来る分画分子量3,000〜10,000の限外ろ過膜で処理して透過液を回収し、任意の濃度まで濃縮して固形物重量当たりアンセリン、カルノシン及びタウリンの総量として10〜40%含有する高品位チキンエキス原体を調製した後、任意に添加物を添加して滅菌処理及び/又は乾燥処理することを特徴とする、抗酸化作用、抗疲労作用及び抗肥満作用を有する機能性食品又は食品素材の製造方法。 Food for chickens, or for punching carcass in the laying waste hens, water containing an antioxidant was added to extract the chicken extract was heated at slight pressure conditions of 110 ° C. or less, fat and insoluble matter The permeate is recovered by treating with an ultrafiltration membrane with a molecular weight cut off of 3,000 to 10,000, which can remove high molecular weight substances and gelatin under conditions of room temperature to 60 ° C. After concentration and preparing a high-grade chicken extract raw material containing 10 to 40% of the total amount of anserine, carnosine and taurine per solid weight , an additive is optionally added and sterilized and / or dried. A method for producing a functional food or food material having an antioxidant action, an anti-fatigue action and an anti-obesity action, which is characterized . 上記限外ろ過膜処理して回収した透過液を、分画分子量200〜500のナノろ過膜で処理して濃縮することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の機能性食品又は食品素材の製造方法。The permeate was collected and treated by the ultrafiltration membrane, characterized that you concentrate was treated with nanofiltration membranes with molecular weight cut off of 200 to 500, functional food or food material according to claim 1 Manufacturing method. 請求項2に記載の製造方法によって製造されるチキンエキス由来機能性食品又は食品素材であって、以下の性質;(1)鶏筋肉組織に由来する余剰のカリウム塩や呈味性アミノ酸類が除去されている、(2)直接飲用及び食用に供すことが可能な高品位の品質・風味を有する、(3)主要な機能性成分として固形物重量当たりアンセリン、カルノシン及びタウリンの総量として10〜40%含有する、を有することを特徴とする、チキンエキス由来機能性食品又は食品素材。A chicken extract-derived functional food or food material produced by the production method according to claim 2 , wherein the following properties are removed : (1) Excess potassium salt and taste amino acids derived from chicken muscle tissue are removed is, (2) Kyosu directly drinking and cooking having a high grade of quality and flavor that can be 10 to 40 as a total amount of (3) weight solids per anserine as the main functional component, carnosine and taurine %, Containing a chicken extract-derived functional food or food material. 機能性食品又は食品素材が、飲料、調味料又は食用固形物であることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の機能性食品又は食品素材。  The functional food or food material according to claim 3, wherein the functional food or food material is a beverage, a seasoning or an edible solid.
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