JP4711374B2 - Sand core for casting - Google Patents

Sand core for casting Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4711374B2
JP4711374B2 JP2001176208A JP2001176208A JP4711374B2 JP 4711374 B2 JP4711374 B2 JP 4711374B2 JP 2001176208 A JP2001176208 A JP 2001176208A JP 2001176208 A JP2001176208 A JP 2001176208A JP 4711374 B2 JP4711374 B2 JP 4711374B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
casting
sand core
metal
molten metal
cooling
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JP2002361366A (en
Inventor
敬夫 渡辺
知典 福本
泰隆 松栄
文男 平井
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/10—Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
    • B22C9/108—Installation of cores

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、鋳造品の中空穴を形成するための鋳造用砂中子に関し、長尺部材、特に自動車用カムシャフトを鋳造する過程で発生する引け巣等の鋳物欠陥を抑制する鋳造用砂中子に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
近時、鋳造により片側端面を塞いだ中空シャフト等の鋳造品を製造する場合においては、砂中子を鋳型内部に納めた状態で鋳抜き、中空部分を形成する方法が一般的に用いられている。
【０００３】
しかし、この方法では、前記砂中子の先端部付近の溶湯は、他の部分の溶湯と比較して、冷却凝固するまでに長時間を要する結果、前記先端部近傍では引け巣等の鋳物欠陥が発生しやすい。また、前記鋳物欠陥と鋳造品の中空穴が貫通（連通）し、さらには型ばらしの後、機械加工等で前記中空シャフトの各部に設けられる下穴と引け巣が貫通した場合、前記下穴と前記中空穴が貫通することも起こり得る。
【０００４】
例えば、前記中空穴を自動車エンジンのシリンダへエンジンオイルを供給するパイプとして使用した場合、前記鋳物欠陥が前記カムシャフトの内部に発生すると、オイル漏れが生じるおそれがある。
【０００５】
この問題を解決するために、鋳造工程における押湯による溶湯の供給、又は冷やし金による引け巣発生箇所の冷却促進が行われている。その際、前記カムシャフト等の長尺部材を鋳造する方法としては、一般に垂直割の鋳造方法が採られる。その結果、前記鋳造方法に基づいて製造した鋳造品においては、中空穴の開口部は鋳型上部に形成される一方、塞がれている該中空穴の他端は、鋳型下部に形成される場合が多い。
【０００６】
ところが、この方法で鋳造を行った場合でも、鋳造品が長尺であることから、押湯の効果が得られにくい。また、冷やし金を用いて溶湯の冷却凝固を行う場合では、一般には砂中子の先端に前記冷やし金を配置するが、該冷やし金が前記溶湯に鋳ぐるまれることから、前記冷やし金の回収は困難となる。従って、押湯もしくは冷やし金を用いたとしても、砂中子の先端部近傍において引け巣が容易に発生する。
【０００７】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明はこのような課題を考慮してなされたものであり、鋳造品の中空穴を形成する砂中子に関し、長尺部材、特に自動車用カムシャフトを鋳造する過程で発生する引け巣等の鋳物欠陥を抑制する鋳造用砂中子を提供することを目的とする。
【０００８】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明に係る鋳造用砂中子は、鋳造品の中空穴を形成する棒状の鋳造用砂中子において、鋳型内に挿入される先端部に円弧状の頭部を有する冷やし金が設けられ、前記冷やし金の頭部が前記先端部から隙間をおいて突出されていることを特徴としている（請求項１記載の発明）。
【０００９】
前記冷やし金の頭部を円弧状にすることで、溶湯と冷やし金頭部の表面との間に発生する流体抵抗を低減し、前記隙間部分に溶湯を容易に回りこませることができると共に、効果的に溶湯を冷却することができる。また、前記冷やし金と溶湯との一体化により、砂中子の先端部付近における前記溶湯の冷却凝固が促進されると共に、引け巣の発生を抑制することが可能となる。
【００１０】
さらに、前記冷やし金近傍の溶湯が前記隙間に回りこむ結果、前記冷やし金は前記溶湯に鋳ぐるまれると共に、鋳造品の内部に確実に固定一体化され、冷やし金を回収する手間を省くことができる。
【００１１】
また、前記冷やし金はリベット状の形状を有することを特徴としている（請求項２記載の発明）。該冷やし金を前記リベット状にすることで、該冷やし金と溶湯の接触面積が大きくなり、前記溶湯を効果的に冷却凝固することが可能となる。
【００１２】
また、前記冷やし金の表面は、金属のメッキが施されていることを特徴とする（請求項３記載の発明）。前記溶湯が前記冷やし金を鋳ぐるみ冷却凝固する過程で、該冷やし金の表面にはガス欠陥が発生する。前記ガス欠陥を抑制する目的で、低融点金属（例えば、ＳｎＯ２、Ａｌ ２ Ｏ ３ の酸化膜となるもの等）のメッキを施し、ガス欠陥を発生を抑制すると共に、前記溶湯と該冷やし金を確実に溶着させ、密着性を高めることが可能となる。
【００１３】
さらに、前記砂中子は、自動車用カムシャフト等の長尺部材の中空部を形成する砂中子であることを特徴とする（請求項４記載の発明）。
【００１４】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、この発明の一実施の形態について図面を参照して説明する。
【００１５】
図１は、この発明の実施の形態に係る自動車用カムシャフトを鋳造する縦型鋳造装置１０を示す。なお、この鋳造装置１０の構造は、従来技術（特開昭６３−２０７４４７号公報参照）を利用したものである。
【００１６】
この鋳造装置１０は、固定型１２および可動型１４からなり、前記固定型１２および可動型１４の対向面には、キャビティ１６および１８が形成され、固定型１２のキャビティ１６には鋳抜き用の砂中子２０が、鋳型内部に磁石で固着されたケレン２２によって鋳型内部に支持されている。
【００１７】
砂中子２０は、図２に示すように、その先端（一端側）の中心部に、穴２６が設けられ、該穴２６に円弧状の頭部を有するリベット状の形状の冷やし金２４が収容固定されている。さらに、前記冷やし金２４の頭部と前記砂中子２０の先端との間には、溶湯を鋳ぐるむために隙間２７が設けられている。また、前記砂中子２０の先端から前記冷やし金の頭部までの距離Ｌ１と、前記隙間２７の長さＬ２は、任意の長さでもよいが、Ｌ１に関しては４．５ｍｍ〜５．５ｍｍ、一方、Ｌ２については１．５ｍｍ〜２．５ｍｍの範囲内であれば、該冷やし金を溶湯で鋳ぐるむ場合に好適である。なお、本実施の一形態では、Ｌ１を５ｍｍ、Ｌ２を２ｍｍと選択して実施している。
【００１８】
図３は、前記鋳造装置１０におけるＩＩＩ−ＩＩＩ線上での断面図であり、該鋳造装置１０は、鋳造用の溶湯を鋳型内部に導入する湯道２８が設けられている。
【００１９】
前記カムシャフトを鋳造するには、図１に示す固定型１２および可動型１４により前記砂中子２０を左右から挟んだ状態で、図３に示す湯道２８から鋼鉄製の溶湯を加圧充填し、溶湯が冷却凝固した状態で型開きして鋳造品を取り出し、最後に砂中子２０を崩壊することで中空型のカムシャフトが得られる。
【００２０】
ここで、前記砂中子２０の先端に固定される冷やし金２４は、頭部がリベット状であればよく、特に鋳造品の溶湯と同じ材質であれば好適である。その結果、前記冷やし金２４は前記溶湯に鋳ぐるまれると共に、確実に前記カムシャフトと一体化し、引け巣等の鋳物欠陥の発生を抑制する効果が得られる。また、万が一引け巣が発生したとしても、前記冷やし金２４の存在によって、該引け巣と中空穴が貫通（連通）する可能性はきわめて低くなる。ところで、前記Ｌ１とＬ２のサイズについては、前記砂中子の大きさに合わせ任意に選択できる。また、市販のリベットも利用可能である。
【００２１】
一方、溶湯が冷やし金２４を鋳ぐるみ冷却凝固する過程で、ガス欠陥も発生する。該ガス欠陥の発生を抑止する目的で、冷やし金２４の表面には、金属によるメッキ処理が施されている。メッキ膜３０の材質としては、低融点金属が望ましく、例えばＳｎＯ２、Ａｌ ２ Ｏ ３ となる膜を該冷やし金２４の被覆とすれば好適である。また、メッキ膜３０の膜厚は任意に選択してもよいが、５〜２５μｍの範囲内が望ましい。メッキ膜３０で該冷やし金２４を被覆することによって、ガス欠陥の発生を抑止できる他、前記溶湯と該冷やし金２４との溶着性および密着性が向上する効果も得られる。
【００２２】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明に係る鋳造用砂中子によれば、中空穴を有する鋳造品を製造する工程において、頭部が円弧状であるリベット形の冷やし金を砂中子の先端から突出して配置すれば、溶湯を効率よく冷却できるため、前記中空穴の最深部付近の引け巣の発生を抑制できる。また、万が一、前記引け巣が発生したとしても、前記冷やし金が鋳造品の溶湯と共に鋳ぐるまれるため、前記引け巣と前記中空穴との貫通を防止できる効果も得られる。また、前記冷やし金の表面を金属酸化膜によるメッキで被覆することで、該冷やし金と前記溶湯との溶着性および密着性が向上する効果も得られる。さらに、溶湯による鋳ぐるみによって前記冷やし金を回収する手間が省け、鋳造品の製造工程の簡素化も実現できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】この発明の一実施の形態に係る鋳造用砂中子を含む鋳造装置を示す断面図である。
【図２】図１における鋳造用砂中子を示す図である。
【図３】図１におけるＩＩＩ−ＩＩＩ線上の断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１０…鋳造装置 １２…固定型
１４…可動型 １６、１８…キャビティ
２０…砂中子 ２２…ケレン
２４…冷やし金 ２６…穴
２７…隙間 ２８…湯道
３０…メッキ膜[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a sand core for casting for forming a hollow hole of a cast product, and relates to a sand for casting that suppresses casting defects such as shrinkage cavities generated in the process of casting a long member, particularly an automobile camshaft. Regarding the child.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Recently, when manufacturing a cast product such as a hollow shaft with one end face closed by casting, a method of forming a hollow portion by casting a sand core in a mold is generally used. Yes.
[0003]
However, in this method, the molten metal near the tip of the sand core takes a long time to cool and solidify as compared with the molten metal of other parts, and as a result, casting defects such as shrinkage cavities are formed near the tip. Is likely to occur. In addition, when the casting defect and the hollow hole of the casting are penetrated (communication), and after the mold release, the pilot hole and the shrinkage nest provided in each part of the hollow shaft are penetrated by machining or the like, the pilot hole It is also possible that the hollow hole penetrates.
[0004]
For example, when the hollow hole is used as a pipe for supplying engine oil to a cylinder of an automobile engine, oil leakage may occur if the casting defect occurs inside the camshaft.
[0005]
In order to solve this problem, the molten metal is supplied by the hot metal in the casting process, or the cooling of the shrinkage cavities is promoted by the cooling metal. At that time, as a method of casting a long member such as the camshaft, a vertical split casting method is generally employed. As a result, in the casting manufactured based on the casting method, the opening of the hollow hole is formed in the upper part of the mold, while the other end of the closed hollow hole is formed in the lower part of the mold. There are many.
[0006]
However, even when casting is performed by this method, since the cast product is long, it is difficult to obtain the effect of the feeder. In the case where the molten metal is cooled and solidified using a cooling metal, the cooling metal is generally disposed at the tip of the sand core. However, since the cooling metal is cast into the molten metal, Recovery becomes difficult. Therefore, even if a feeder or chiller is used, a shrinkage nest is easily generated in the vicinity of the tip of the sand core.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and relates to a sand core that forms a hollow hole of a cast product, such as a shrinkage nest generated in the process of casting a long member, particularly a camshaft for an automobile. It aims at providing the sand core for casting which suppresses a casting defect.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The casting sand core according to the present invention is a rod-shaped casting sand core that forms a hollow hole of a cast product, and is provided with a cooling metal having an arc-shaped head at a tip portion inserted into a mold, The head of the chiller protrudes from the tip portion with a gap (the invention according to claim 1).
[0009]
By making the head of the chill metal arc, the fluid resistance generated between the molten metal and the surface of the chill metal head can be reduced, and the molten metal can be easily wrapped around the gap portion, The molten metal can be effectively cooled. Further, the integration of the cooling metal and the molten metal facilitates the cooling and solidification of the molten metal in the vicinity of the tip of the sand core, and can suppress the generation of shrinkage nests.
[0010]
Furthermore, as a result of the molten metal in the vicinity of the cooling metal wrapping around the gap, the cooling metal is cast around the molten metal, and is securely fixed and integrated inside the cast product, thereby eliminating the trouble of collecting the cooling metal. Can do.
[0011]
Further, the cooling metal has a rivet shape (the invention according to claim 2). By making the cooling metal into the rivet shape, the contact area between the cooling metal and the molten metal is increased, and the molten metal can be effectively cooled and solidified.
[0012]
Moreover, the chill surface is characterized in that the plating of metals is applied (the invention of claim 3, wherein). In the process in which the molten metal cools and solidifies the cooling metal, gas defects are generated on the surface of the cooling metal. In order to suppress the gas defects, low melting Spot gold genus (e.g., SnO 2, Al 2 O 3 oxide film to become ones, etc.) plated with, along with suppressing the occurrence of gas defects, the molten metal and the It is possible to reliably weld the chill metal and improve the adhesion.
[0013]
Further, the sand core is a sand core that forms a hollow portion of a long member such as a camshaft for an automobile (the invention according to claim 4).
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0015]
FIG. 1 shows a vertical casting apparatus 10 for casting an automobile camshaft according to an embodiment of the present invention. The structure of the casting apparatus 10 utilizes a conventional technique (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-207447).
[0016]
The casting apparatus 10 includes a fixed mold 12 and a movable mold 14, and cavities 16 and 18 are formed on opposing surfaces of the fixed mold 12 and the movable mold 14, and the cavity 16 of the fixed mold 12 is used for casting. A sand core 20 is supported inside the mold by a kelen 22 fixed with a magnet inside the mold.
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 2, the sand core 20 is provided with a hole 26 at the center (one end side) thereof, and a rivet-shaped cooling metal 24 having an arc-shaped head in the hole 26. The accommodation is fixed. Further, a gap 27 is provided between the head of the cooling metal 24 and the tip of the sand core 20 in order to cast molten metal. Further, the distance L1 from the tip of the sand core 20 to the head of the cooling metal and the length L2 of the gap 27 may be any length, but with respect to L1, 4.5 mm to 5.5 mm, On the other hand, if L2 is within the range of 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm, it is suitable for casting the cooling metal with molten metal. In this embodiment, L1 is selected to be 5 mm and L2 is selected to be 2 mm.
[0018]
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in the casting apparatus 10, and the casting apparatus 10 is provided with a runner 28 for introducing a molten metal for casting into the mold.
[0019]
To cast the camshaft, a molten steel made of steel is pressurized and filled from the runner 28 shown in FIG. 3 with the sand core 20 sandwiched from the left and right by the fixed mold 12 and the movable mold 14 shown in FIG. Then, with the molten metal cooled and solidified, the mold is opened and the cast product is taken out. Finally, the sand core 20 is collapsed to obtain a hollow camshaft.
[0020]
Here, the cooling metal 24 fixed to the tip of the sand core 20 may have a rivet-shaped head, and is particularly suitable if it is made of the same material as the molten metal of the cast product. As a result, the cooling metal 24 is cast into the molten metal and is surely integrated with the camshaft, and an effect of suppressing the occurrence of casting defects such as shrinkage can be obtained. Even if a shrinkage nest is generated, the possibility of the shrinkage nest and the hollow hole penetrating (communicating) due to the presence of the cooling metal 24 is extremely low. By the way, the sizes of L1 and L2 can be arbitrarily selected according to the size of the sand core. Commercially available rivets are also available.
[0021]
On the other hand, in the process where the molten metal cools and solidifies the cooling metal 24, gas defects also occur. In order to suppress the occurrence of the gas defects, on the surface of the chill 24, a plating treatment with metals is applied. The material of the plating film 30, low melting Spot gold genus is desirable, for example, it is preferred to the film to serve as SnO 2, Al 2 O 3 and the covering of the chill 24. Further, the thickness of the plating film 30 may be arbitrarily selected, but is preferably in the range of 5 to 25 μm. By covering the cooling metal 24 with the plating film 30, generation of gas defects can be suppressed, and an effect of improving the weldability and adhesion between the molten metal and the cooling metal 24 can be obtained.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the sand core for casting according to the present invention, in the process of manufacturing a cast product having a hollow hole, a rivet-shaped cooling metal having an arc-shaped head is formed from the tip of the sand core. Since the molten metal can be efficiently cooled if arranged so as to protrude, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of shrinkage cavities near the deepest portion of the hollow hole. Also, even if the shrinkage nest is generated, the cooling metal is cast together with the molten metal of the cast product, so that the effect of preventing the penetration of the shrinkage nest and the hollow hole can be obtained. Moreover, the effect of improving the weldability and adhesion between the cooling metal and the molten metal can be obtained by coating the surface of the cooling metal with plating with a metal oxide film. Furthermore, it is possible to save the trouble of collecting the cooling metal by casting the molten metal and simplify the manufacturing process of the cast product.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a casting apparatus including a sand core for casting according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a view showing a sand core for casting in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Casting apparatus 12 ... Fixed mold 14 ... Movable type 16, 18 ... Cavity 20 ... Sand core 22 ... Keren 24 ... Cooling metal 26 ... Hole 27 ... Gap 28 ... Runway 30 ... Plating film

Claims (3)

鋳造品の中空穴を形成する棒状の鋳造用砂中子において、
鋳型内に、溶湯の供給口に対向して挿入される先端部に円弧状の頭部を有する冷やし金が設けられ、
前記冷やし金はリベット状の形状をなし、且つ前記円弧状の頭部が前記先端部から隙間をおいて突出されていることを特徴とする鋳造用砂中子。In a rod-shaped casting sand core that forms a hollow hole of a cast product,
In the mold, a chiller having an arc-shaped head at the tip inserted opposite the molten metal supply port is provided,
A casting sand core, wherein the cooling metal has a rivet shape, and the arc-shaped head portion protrudes from the tip portion with a gap. 請求項１記載の鋳造用砂中子において、
前記冷やし金の表面は、金属のメッキが施されていることを特徴とする鋳造用砂中子。In casting sand core according to claim 1 Symbol placement,
A sand core for casting, wherein the surface of the chill metal is plated with metal. 請求項１又は２記載の鋳造用砂中子において、
自動車用カムシャフト等の長尺部材の中空部を形成するためのものであることを特徴とする鋳造用砂中子。In the sand core for casting according to claim 1 or 2 ,
A sand core for casting, which is for forming a hollow portion of a long member such as an automobile camshaft.
JP2001176208A 2001-06-11 2001-06-11 Sand core for casting Expired - Fee Related JP4711374B2 (en)

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JP4500697B2 (en) * 2005-02-07 2010-07-14 カヤバ工業株式会社 Manufacturing apparatus and manufacturing method of tube in solenoid
JP4750624B2 (en) * 2006-05-29 2011-08-17 カヤバ工業株式会社 Manufacturing apparatus and manufacturing method of tube in solenoid
DE102006053404A1 (en) * 2006-11-10 2008-05-15 Hydro Aluminium Alucast Gmbh Casting mold for casting a casting and use of such a casting mold
CN104353787B (en) * 2014-10-30 2017-01-11 宁夏共享装备有限公司 Ultra-long multi-tooth cast iron core rod for metal mold casting and casting method for ultra-long multi-tooth cast iron core rod
JP7057401B2 (en) * 2020-08-24 2022-04-19 本田技研工業株式会社 Nesting device

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