JP4694937B2 - Curing method in the manufacture of highly durable cement-based molded products - Google Patents
Curing method in the manufacture of highly durable cement-based molded products Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4694937B2 JP4694937B2 JP2005289465A JP2005289465A JP4694937B2 JP 4694937 B2 JP4694937 B2 JP 4694937B2 JP 2005289465 A JP2005289465 A JP 2005289465A JP 2005289465 A JP2005289465 A JP 2005289465A JP 4694937 B2 JP4694937 B2 JP 4694937B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- pressure
- curing
- cement
- container
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Description
本発明は、モルタルやコンクリートのセメント系材料を用いて製造するＡＬＣ版、コンクリートパイル、電柱などのプレキャスト成形品の製造方法に関するものであり、特に高耐久に製造可能なその養生方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a method for producing precast molded products such as ALC plates, concrete piles, and utility poles produced using a cement-based material such as mortar and concrete, and particularly relates to a curing method that can be produced with high durability. .
セメントを成分として含むモルタルやコンクリートを材料として製造するＡＬＣ版、ＰＣパイル、電柱などのプレキャスト成形品を製造する際、それらの強度を早期に発現させると共に、骨材を水熱反応させ、高強度化を図る製造方法として「オートクレーブ養生（高温高圧蒸気養生）」が工業化されている。しかしながら、オートクレーブ養生を施した成形品は、養生終了後の長さ変化率（乾燥収縮率）が大きく、膨張材の膨張効率も悪いなど、寸法制御に問題があった。 When manufacturing precast molded products such as ALC plates, PC piles, and utility poles that use mortar or concrete containing cement as a material, the strength of these components is developed early, and the aggregate is hydrothermally reacted to provide high strength. "Autoclave curing (high-temperature and high-pressure steam curing)" has been industrialized as a manufacturing method for achieving this. However, the molded article subjected to autoclave curing has a problem in dimensional control, such as a large rate of change in length (dry shrinkage rate) after curing and poor expansion efficiency of the expansion material.
この課題を解決する手段として本件出願人は、特開平１１−１８０７８５号「モルタル又はコンクリート部材の製造方法」、特開２０００−５３４７６号「ケミカルプレストレス部材の製造方法」、特開２０００−３１９０７７号「コンクリート成形品の高温高圧水中養生装置およびこの養生装置を用いたコンクリート成形品の養生方法」、並びにＰＣＴ国際公開９９／６２８４３「ケミカルプレストレスコンクリート成形品の製造方法、およびその製造方法にも好適に用いられるコンクリート成形品の高温高圧水中養生装置、並びにこの養生装置を用いたコンクリート成形品の養生方法」などの発明を提案している。
既に提案したこれら発明は、蒸気の中で成形品を養生するのではなく、「成形品を常時水に漬かった状態に維持する」、つまりは高温高圧水中養生を要件としている。「蒸気」ではなく、「水」に浸漬することで、セメントと水との反応、つまりは水和反応がより促進され、より多量のセメント成分が固化して均一な充填構造を形成する結果、成形品の強度が増すものである。
As means for solving this problem, the applicant of the present application disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-180785 “Method for manufacturing mortar or concrete member”, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-53476, “method for manufacturing chemical prestress member”, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-319077. "High-temperature high-pressure underwater curing device for concrete molded product and method for curing concrete molded product using this curing device", and PCT International Publication 99/62843 "Method for producing chemical prestressed concrete molded product and its production method" Have proposed inventions such as a high-temperature and high-pressure underwater curing device for concrete molded products used in the above, and a method for curing concrete molded products using this curing device.
These inventions already proposed do not cure the molded article in steam, but require "maintaining the molded article in a state where it is always immersed in water", that is, curing at high temperature and high pressure in water. By immersing in "water" instead of "steam", the reaction between cement and water, that is, the hydration reaction is further promoted, and as a result, a larger amount of cement components solidify to form a uniform filling structure. This increases the strength of the molded product.
このような従来の高温高圧水中養生を行う場合、密封可能な耐圧容器を使用し、容器内の養生水中に成形品を沈め、容器を密封した後、養生水を加熱して沸騰させ、発生した蒸気を容器内に充満させることによって高圧雰囲気を作り出していた。加熱によって養生水から発生した蒸気が充満することによって密封容器内の圧力が高まり、引いては養生水の圧力が高まることによって、成形品が高温高圧の養生水に浸漬することになるのである。 When performing such conventional high-temperature and high-pressure underwater curing, a pressure-resistant container that can be sealed is used, the molded product is submerged in the curing water in the container, and after the container is sealed, the curing water is heated to the boil and generated. A high pressure atmosphere was created by filling the container with steam. When the steam generated from the curing water is filled with heating, the pressure in the sealed container is increased, and the pressure of the curing water is increased, so that the molded product is immersed in the high-temperature and high-pressure curing water.
しかしながらこのような養生方法では、「養生水が沸騰した後に、容器内の圧力が目標とする圧力に達している」現象が生じていると言える。沸騰は、液内の圧力が飽和蒸気圧以上になり、外部の圧力以上になった結果、液相内に微小な気相（気泡）が発生し、体積の増加とともに水の上面に達する現象である。つまり液体の中に気泡が生じて、それが激しく水の表面から蒸気となって放出される状態である。この蒸気が容器内に充満し、圧力が増加し、容器内が高圧となっていたわけである。 However, in such a curing method, it can be said that the phenomenon that “the pressure in the container reaches the target pressure after the curing water boils” occurs. Boiling is a phenomenon in which the pressure inside the liquid exceeds the saturated vapor pressure, and as a result of exceeding the external pressure, a minute gas phase (bubbles) is generated in the liquid phase and reaches the upper surface of the water as the volume increases. is there. In other words, bubbles are generated in the liquid, and they are violently discharged as vapor from the surface of the water. This vapor filled the container, the pressure increased, and the container was at a high pressure.
一方、モルタルやコンクリートは、セメントと水が反応して固化し始めると、その内部には無数の間隙が生じる。その間隙は外表面から内側に連続しているものもあり、セメントと反応した後に生じる空隙（気相）と、未だ反応していない水が間隙内に存在しているが、養生水を加熱して沸騰させてしまうと、この隙間内の水にも気相（気泡）が生じて、隙間内の水を外へ押出してしまうことになってしまう。セメントの水和反応は液相で起る反応、つまりセメントと水との反応は、液体状の水が存在する空間でのみ生じるのであり、その空間にのみ反応生成物が充填する。また、水中に気泡が生じて水蒸気雰囲気となってしまうと、その空間でのセメントと水の反応は極端に遅くなり、したがって水和反応を阻害するという事態も生じる。結局、成形品を養生水の中に十分に浸漬させていたとしても、その内部の間隙では気相（気泡）が妨げとなって期待通りの水和反応が行われなくなり、セメントの固化が期待通りに進まないという事態を招いていた。 On the other hand, mortar and concrete have innumerable gaps in their interior when cement and water react and begin to solidify. Some of the gaps are continuous from the outer surface to the inside, and there are voids (gas phase) generated after reacting with cement and water that has not yet reacted, but the curing water is heated. If the water is boiled, a gas phase (bubbles) is generated in the water in the gap, and the water in the gap is pushed out. The cement hydration reaction occurs in a liquid phase, that is, the reaction between cement and water occurs only in a space where liquid water exists, and the reaction product fills only that space. In addition, when bubbles are generated in the water and a water vapor atmosphere is formed, the reaction between the cement and water in the space becomes extremely slow, so that a situation in which the hydration reaction is hindered also occurs. Eventually, even if the molded product was sufficiently immersed in the curing water, the gas phase (bubbles) would be hindered in the gaps inside it, and the expected hydration reaction would not be performed, and cement solidification would be expected. It was inviting to not go on the street.
また、上記した高温高圧水中養生では、養生水を沸騰させるため、養生水が蒸気となって容器内に蒸発し、成形品全体を水の中に浸漬してあっても、蒸発によって養生水水面が下がり、養生水表面から露出してしまい、水中養生効果が十分に得られないことがあった。大型の耐圧容器使用の場合において、養生水加熱の効率化を図るために、耐圧容器内に小型の水槽を入れて養生水を張り、この中に成形品を配置して浸漬するような場合は、沸騰して蒸気となった養生水が冷却時に小型の水槽の外に落ちて、やはり養生水が減少してしまうという事態を招いていた。 Moreover, in the above-described high-temperature and high-pressure underwater curing, even if the curing water evaporates in the container as steam, and the entire molded product is immersed in water, the curing water surface is brought about by evaporation. May be lowered and exposed from the surface of the curing water, and the underwater curing effect may not be sufficiently obtained. In the case of using a large pressure vessel, in order to increase the efficiency of curing water heating, put a small water tank in the pressure vessel and fill the curing water, and place the molded product in it and immerse it When the cooling water boiled and turned into steam fell out of the small water tank during cooling, the curing water was reduced.
更には、セメントの水和反応の進行自体も、容器内の高圧雰囲気の造成を阻害していたと考えられる。セメントは自身の水和反応によって反応物が占めていた体積より小さい体積の生成物となる。その結果、新たな空隙（気相）を作り出すため、水和反応が進行するにつれて成形品の間隙内の圧力が低下し、これも期待通りの強度が得られていなかった原因と考えられる。
本発明が解決しようとする課題は、養生水が加熱されて蒸発沸騰することによって養生水の中に生じる気相が、セメントと水との水和反応を阻害しようとする点である。 The problem to be solved by the present invention is that the gas phase generated in the curing water when the curing water is heated to evaporate and boil tries to inhibit the hydration reaction between cement and water.
そのため本発明は、養生水に気相を生じさせないよう加圧・昇温することにより、成形品内部の間隙水内に、一様なセメントと水との水和反応を生じさせるようにするものである。 Therefore, the present invention is intended to cause a uniform hydration reaction between cement and water in the pore water inside the molded article by pressurizing and raising the temperature so as not to generate a gas phase in the curing water. It is.
本発明に係る高耐久セメント成形品製造における養生方法は、養生水中に気相が生じないように加圧・昇温するため、成形品内部の間隙中にも気相が生じない。従って成形品間隙中でのセメントと水の水和反応が妨げられず、固化が促進され、圧縮強度の大きな製品が製造可能となる。また、固体がより均一に充填したセメント硬化体が得られるため、劣化原因物質が外部から浸入し難くなり、より耐久的な成形品が得られる。更に、養生後の成形品の収縮率も小さくなる。 In the curing method for producing a highly durable cement molded product according to the present invention, pressure and temperature are raised so as not to generate a gas phase in the curing water, so that no gas phase is generated in the gap inside the molded product. Accordingly, the hydration reaction of cement and water in the gap between the molded products is not hindered, solidification is promoted, and a product having a high compressive strength can be manufactured. In addition, since a hardened cement body that is more uniformly filled with a solid is obtained, a deterioration-causing substance is difficult to enter from the outside, and a more durable molded product is obtained. Furthermore, the shrinkage rate of the molded product after curing is also reduced.
容器内の圧力が飽和蒸気圧以上であり、養生水は沸騰することがなく、水が蒸発して成形品が空気に晒されるということが生じず、成形品全体において良好に水中養生が可能である。水や蒸気などを容器内に圧力を加圧し続けることによって、水和反応によって成形品から空隙が生じても、容器内の圧力は低下せず、高圧養生が損なわれない。 The pressure in the container is equal to or higher than the saturated vapor pressure, the curing water does not boil, the water does not evaporate and the molded product is not exposed to air, and the entire molded product can be cured underwater well. is there. By continuing to pressurize water or steam into the container, even if voids are generated from the molded product by the hydration reaction, the pressure in the container does not decrease and high-pressure curing is not impaired.
本発明では、耐圧容器内の圧力を高めて水和作用を促進するとともに、養生水を沸騰させないようにして、水中に気相が発生しないよう維持することを最も主要な特徴とする。 The most important feature of the present invention is that the pressure in the pressure vessel is increased to promote hydration, and the curing water is not boiled so that no gas phase is generated in the water.
本発明で養生するセメント系成形品とは、セメントを含む材料を型枠に入れて成形したもので、コンクリートパイル、コンクリートポールやキャスクなど、様々な部材としてプレキャスト成形されるものを指す。使用されるセメントの種類としては、普通、早強及び超早強等の各種ポルトランドセメント、これらポルトランドセメントにシリカ、高炉スラグ、或いはフライアッシュを混和した各種混合セメントなど、広い意味での各種セメントが使用可能である。また、ポルトランドセメントに、シリカ、高炉スラグ或いはフライアッシュ等を、ＪＩＳ等によって定められた混和率を超えて配合したセメントも使用可能であり、シリカヒューム等の活性シリカやメタカオリン等といった粘土鉱物の焼成物や未焼成物を配合したセメントも使用可能である。更に、セメントに膨張材を配合した膨張セメントも使用可能である。ここで膨張材としては、酸化カルシウム膨張材、アウイン系膨張材、アルミネート膨張材等、各種膨張材の使用が可能である。その他、収縮低減剤や減水剤などの使用も妨げるものではない。 The cement-based molded product cured in the present invention is a product formed by putting a material containing cement in a mold and is precast-molded as various members such as a concrete pile, a concrete pole and a cask. The types of cement used include various types of cement in a broad sense, such as various types of portland cements such as normal and very early strength, and various mixed cements in which these portland cements are mixed with silica, blast furnace slag, or fly ash. It can be used. Also, it is possible to use cement containing Portland cement mixed with silica, blast furnace slag, fly ash, etc. exceeding the mixing ratio specified by JIS, etc., and firing of clay minerals such as active silica such as silica fume and metakaolin. A cement containing a product or an unfired product can also be used. Furthermore, an expanded cement obtained by mixing an expanded material with cement can also be used. Here, as the expansion material, various expansion materials such as a calcium oxide expansion material, an Au-in expansion material, and an aluminate expansion material can be used. In addition, the use of shrinkage reducing agents and water reducing agents is not disturbed.
以上のセメントを、細骨材や粗骨材などの骨材、水と混練し、型枠に投入して成形する。本発明に係る養生方法を行うまで、型枠内に材料を存置する時間は限定されないが、型枠から脱型しても形状が安定しているようになる所要に時間、型枠内に置く。この脱型した成形品を、密封可能な耐圧容器の中に収納する。 The above cement is kneaded with aggregates such as fine aggregates and coarse aggregates, and water, and is put into a mold and molded. Until the curing method according to the present invention is performed, the time for the material to remain in the mold is not limited, but it is placed in the mold as long as the shape becomes stable even after being removed from the mold. . The removed molded product is stored in a pressure-resistant container that can be sealed.
本発明で使用する密封可能な耐圧容器としては、従来のオートクレーブ養生に用いる圧力釜も考えられる。しかしながら、通常この圧力釜は横置き型であるため、養生終了後ハッチを開けた際に高温養生水が流出することが考えられるので、例えば縦型の圧力容器に水を満たし、その中に成形品を沈めた状態で養生するのが好ましい。 As a pressure-resistant container that can be used in the present invention, a pressure cooker used for conventional autoclave curing is also conceivable. However, since this pressure cooker is usually a horizontal type, it is considered that high temperature curing water will flow out when the hatch is opened after curing is completed. For example, a vertical pressure vessel is filled with water and molded into it. It is preferable to cure the product while it is submerged.
耐圧容器の中に成形品を配置し、成形品は全体が養生水の中に浸漬するようにする。つまりは、成形品の外表面が全て養生水の中に浸っている状態にしておく。この状態で養生水の圧力を高める。養生水の圧力を高めるには、容器内に養生水を一杯に充満し、その中に更に水を加圧注入して、圧力を高める手段がある。また、水は、耐圧容器内に圧入した後、バルブを閉めて容器内に密封することによって圧力を維持してもよいが、養生時間中圧入し続けて、当初の圧力を維持することも可能である。圧入し続けることによって、成形品のセメントが水と水和反応を起こして体積が収縮し、その結果空隙が発生しても、加圧し続けることによって容器内の圧力を当初の飽和蒸気圧以上に維持することが可能である。 The molded product is placed in a pressure vessel, and the entire molded product is immersed in the curing water. In other words, the outer surface of the molded product is all immersed in the curing water. In this state, increase the pressure of curing water. In order to increase the pressure of the curing water, there is a means for increasing the pressure by filling the container with the curing water to the full and injecting water under pressure. In addition, water may be maintained in pressure by closing the valve and sealing in the container after being injected into the pressure container, but it is also possible to maintain the original pressure by continuing to inject during the curing time. It is. By continuing the press-fitting, the cement of the molded product undergoes a hydration reaction with water and the volume shrinks.As a result, even if voids are generated, the pressure inside the container is increased above the initial saturated vapor pressure by continuing to pressurize. It is possible to maintain.
前記したように、耐圧容器内の圧力を高めるとともに、養生水の温度を上げる。温度を上げるには、加熱容器内に備えてあるヒーターを使用するのが好適である。その温度としては１２０〜２００℃が好ましく、より好ましくは１３０〜１８０℃が好適である。ただし温度を上げても、養生水には気相、つまりは気泡が生じないようにすることが重要で、養生水が沸騰に至らないように維持するのが要件である。言い換えれば、容器内の圧力が飽和蒸気圧以上を保つことが要件である。前記したように容器内の圧力を高めれば、それにつれて養生水の沸点温度も高くなる。例えば純粋な水であれば、気圧が１ｈＰａ（ｍｂ）高くなると、沸点は０．０２７℃上昇する。１気圧は１０１３．２５ｈＰａであるから、２気圧は２０２６．５ｈＰａである。気圧が２気圧となれば、沸点は１２７℃程度となる。言い換えれば、容器内の圧力が２気圧に保たれているとき、養生水の温度が沸点温度の１２７℃以上に達すれば、飽和蒸気圧に達して、激しく養生水から気相が発生する。つまりは沸騰する。容器内の気圧が３気圧であれば、養生水の温度が沸点の１５４℃に達しなければ、沸騰して飽和水蒸気圧に達することはない。本願発明では養生水中に気相が生じないようにするのであるから、容器内の圧力を液状水の温度に対応する飽和水蒸気圧以上に保ち、温度を沸点に達する以下に維持しておけばよい。例えば容器内の圧力を３気圧に保つ場合、養生水の温度を例えば１３０℃に保てば、養生水は沸騰することなく、気相が生じない。つまりは成形品内部の間隙内においても気相が生じず、間隙も含めた成形品全体が養生水の中に浸漬された状態を保つことになる。ただし、養生水の温度が上昇して沸点に近くなり、僅かに発生する気相（気泡）程度であれば、本発明の実施を妨げる程度ではなく、あくまで沸点或いはそれに近接した温度における激しい気相の発生を避ける意味である。
以上の方法は、養生水温度を沸点以下にしておくことで飽和蒸気圧に達しないようにする方法であるが、容器の構造が外側から内側を目視できる窓を有している場合であれば、養生水から激しく気相が出ていないことを確認して、内部の圧力が飽和蒸気圧以上であることを認識できるのは言うまでもない。
As described above, the pressure in the pressure vessel is increased and the temperature of the curing water is increased. In order to increase the temperature, it is preferable to use a heater provided in the heating container. The temperature is preferably 120 to 200 ° C, more preferably 130 to 180 ° C. However, even if the temperature is raised, it is important that the curing water does not generate a gas phase, that is, bubbles, and it is a requirement to maintain the curing water so as not to boil. In other words, it is a requirement that the pressure in the container be maintained at or above the saturated vapor pressure. As described above, when the pressure in the container is increased, the boiling point temperature of the curing water is increased accordingly. For example, in the case of pure water, the boiling point rises by 0.027 ° C. when the atmospheric pressure increases by 1 hPa (mb). Since 1 atmosphere is 101.25 hPa, 2 atmospheres is 2026.5 hPa. If the atmospheric pressure is 2 atm, the boiling point is about 127 ° C. In other words, when the temperature in the container is kept at 2 atm and the temperature of the curing water reaches 127 ° C. or higher, which is the boiling point temperature, the saturated vapor pressure is reached and a gas phase is generated vigorously from the curing water. In other words, it boils. If the atmospheric pressure in the container is 3 atm, it will not boil and reach the saturated water vapor pressure unless the temperature of the curing water reaches the boiling point of 154 ° C. In the present invention, since the gas phase is prevented from being generated in the curing water, the pressure in the container should be maintained at or above the saturated water vapor pressure corresponding to the temperature of the liquid water, and the temperature should be maintained below the boiling point. . For example, when the pressure in the container is maintained at 3 atm, if the temperature of the curing water is maintained at 130 ° C., for example, the curing water does not boil and no gas phase is generated. In other words, no gas phase is generated even in the gap inside the molded product, and the entire molded product including the gap is kept immersed in the curing water. However, if the temperature of the curing water rises and approaches the boiling point, and is only about a slightly generated gas phase (bubbles), it does not hinder the implementation of the present invention, but is a severe gas phase at the boiling point or a temperature close to it. It means to avoid the occurrence of.
The above method is a method for preventing the saturated vapor pressure from being reached by keeping the curing water temperature below the boiling point, but if the container structure has a window through which the inside can be seen from the outside. Needless to say, it can be confirmed that the internal pressure is equal to or higher than the saturated vapor pressure by confirming that the gas phase is not violently emitted from the curing water.
耐圧容器内での養生時間は、限定されるものではないが、２〜８時間程度が好ましく、４〜６時間程度がより好ましい。その後常温まで冷却する時間は、成形品が常温までに冷却されるに十分な時間であれば特に限定されるものでなく、冷却条件に応じ、表面の温度勾配が過度に大きくならない範囲がよい。実用上は９〜１２時間程度が好適である。
また、水、蒸気、気体のうち、複数を選択して耐圧容器内に圧入し、内部の圧力を飽和蒸気圧以上に維持する手段も採用できる。
The curing time in the pressure vessel is not limited, but is preferably about 2 to 8 hours, and more preferably about 4 to 6 hours. Thereafter, the time for cooling to room temperature is not particularly limited as long as the molded product is sufficiently cooled to room temperature, and a range in which the temperature gradient on the surface does not become excessively large is preferable. Practically, about 9 to 12 hours is preferable.
Moreover, a means for selecting a plurality of water, steam, and gas and press-fitting them into the pressure-resistant container to maintain the internal pressure at or above the saturated vapor pressure can be employed.
図１に示すのは、本発明の実施例に使用した耐圧容器１の正面図であり、縦置き型であって、下部の器体２の上部に開閉のためのハッチ３が設けてある。ハッチ３はクランプ機構によって下部の器体３に圧着可能で、容器１内の空間を密封可能である。器体３の底部には電源式のヒーター４が設けられている。ハッチ３には、容器1内に水や蒸気を圧入可能なバルブ付きの挿入管５と、容器１内の空気を抜くバルブ付きの脱気管６が連結されている。容器１の下部には、水を排水可能なバルブ付きの排水管７が設けられている。８は容器１内の圧力を測定する圧力計であり、９は養生水の温度を測る温度計である。温度計で温度を検知する位置は、容器１内で養生水１０が早期に高温になる部分が好適で、実施例で言えば、ヒーター４の直上辺りが好適と言える。 FIG. 1 is a front view of a pressure vessel 1 used in an embodiment of the present invention, which is a vertical type, and a hatch 3 for opening and closing is provided on an upper part of a lower body 2. The hatch 3 can be crimped to the lower container 3 by a clamping mechanism, and the space in the container 1 can be sealed. A power heater 4 is provided at the bottom of the vessel 3. Connected to the hatch 3 are an insertion tube 5 with a valve capable of press-fitting water or steam into the container 1 and a deaeration tube 6 with a valve for extracting air from the container 1. A drain pipe 7 with a valve capable of draining water is provided at the lower part of the container 1. 8 is a pressure gauge for measuring the pressure in the container 1, and 9 is a thermometer for measuring the temperature of the curing water. The position at which the temperature is detected by the thermometer is preferably a portion where the curing water 10 is quickly heated in the container 1. In the embodiment, it can be said that the portion immediately above the heater 4 is suitable.
この発明の実施例の効果を試験した成形品Ａは、セメントとして普通ポルトランドセメントを使用し、このセメント１００重量部に対し、これに細骨材１５０重量部、粗骨材２１０重量部を混ぜ、水セメント比３６％で、混練したものである。混和材としては、膨張材を２０重量部添加してある。このようなセメント系硬化材料であるコンクリートを型枠に入れて成形したブロック状成形品Aを脱型した後、耐圧容器１に収納して養生した。 The molded product A tested for the effect of the embodiment of the present invention uses ordinary Portland cement as cement, and with respect to 100 parts by weight of the cement, 150 parts by weight of fine aggregate and 210 parts by weight of coarse aggregate are mixed. It is kneaded at a water cement ratio of 36%. As an admixture, 20 parts by weight of an expansion material is added. The block-shaped molded product A formed by putting concrete, which is such a cement-based hardened material, in a mold was removed from the mold, and then stored in the pressure-resistant container 1 and cured.
図２に示すのは、この発明の実施例１に使用した耐圧容器１の断面図であり、容器１内に養生水１０を一杯に充満し、挿入管５から水１１を加圧注入している。容器１内の圧力が所定まで高められた時点で水１１の圧入を止めて挿入管５のバルブを閉め、容器１内を密閉する。この状態でヒーター４によって養生水１０を加熱する。圧力計８に示されている圧力から、その圧力における飽和蒸気圧を割り出し、養生水１０の温度をそれ以下に保つよう温度計９によって監視する。養生水１０はその沸点温度以下に保たれるため、飽和蒸気圧以上とならず、養生水１０の中に気相（気泡）は発生しないか、発生しても少なく抑えられる。これにより成形品Ａの表面だけでなく、間隙においても気相がセメントの水和反応を妨げることがなく、その反応が促進され、強度が大きく高耐久のセメント系成形品を製造可能となる。 FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the pressure vessel 1 used in Example 1 of the present invention. The vessel 1 is fully filled with the curing water 10 and water 11 is pressurized and injected from the insertion tube 5. Yes. When the pressure in the container 1 is increased to a predetermined level, the press-fitting of the water 11 is stopped, the valve of the insertion tube 5 is closed, and the container 1 is sealed. In this state, the curing water 10 is heated by the heater 4. From the pressure indicated on the pressure gauge 8, the saturated vapor pressure at that pressure is determined, and the temperature of the curing water 10 is monitored by the thermometer 9 so as to keep the temperature below that. Since the curing water 10 is kept below its boiling point temperature, it does not exceed the saturated vapor pressure, and no vapor phase (bubbles) are generated in the curing water 10 or even if it is generated. Thereby, not only on the surface of the molded product A but also in the gap, the gas phase does not hinder the cement hydration reaction, the reaction is promoted, and a cement-based molded product having high strength and high durability can be manufactured.
次の表１の上段に示す表は、この実施例１の試験によって得られた成形品の圧縮強度と長さ変化率である。比較例１は水を圧入しない試験条件での比較値であり、それ以下の各実施例において水を圧入したときの値よりも圧縮強度において低く、長さ変化率も大きい値となっている。上段の表に記した水の圧入圧力は、養生温度に対応する飽和蒸気圧に対する相対値であって、例えば試験条件１−１の場合には水の圧入圧力は養生水の飽和水蒸気圧よりも０．５MPa大きいことになる。下段に示すのは、試験条件１−１におけるその水の圧入圧力の絶対値を示している。 The table shown in the upper part of Table 1 below shows the compression strength and the rate of change in length of the molded product obtained by the test of Example 1. Comparative Example 1 is a comparative value under test conditions in which water is not injected, and in each of the following examples, the compression strength is lower than the value when water is injected and the length change rate is also a large value. The water injection pressure shown in the upper table is a relative value to the saturated vapor pressure corresponding to the curing temperature. For example, in the case of test condition 1-1, the water injection pressure is higher than the saturated water vapor pressure of the curing water. It will be 0.5MPa larger. The lower part shows the absolute value of the press-fitting pressure of the water under test condition 1-1.
表２に示すのは、耐圧容器１内に養生水１０を充填し、この養生水１０内に成形品Aを浸漬し、養生水１０をヒーター４によって加熱して膨張させることによって、容器１内の圧力を高めた場合である。比較例１及び２は容器１内への水の充填率をそれぞれ７０％と８０％とした場合であって、加熱して養生水が膨張しても容器１内に充満し切れず、養生水１０の圧力を十分に高めることが出来なかったものと推察できる。従って、養生水の飽和蒸気圧以上に養生水１０の圧力を保つことが出来なかった結果であると考えられる。これに対し、実施例４−１〜４−３では、養生水１０を容器１内にほぼ充満、或いは完全に充満させた状態で養生水１０を昇温したため、容器１内の養生水の圧力が高まり、飽和蒸気圧以上を維持して良好な数値を得たものである。 Table 2 shows that the pressure-resistant vessel 1 is filled with the curing water 10, the molded product A is immersed in the curing water 10, and the curing water 10 is heated by the heater 4 to be expanded to expand the inside of the container 1. This is the case when the pressure is increased. Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are cases where the filling rate of water in the container 1 is 70% and 80%, respectively, and even if the curing water expands by heating, the container 1 does not completely fill the curing water. It can be inferred that the pressure of 10 could not be increased sufficiently. Therefore, it is considered that the pressure of the curing water 10 could not be maintained above the saturated vapor pressure of the curing water. On the other hand, in Examples 4-1 to 4-3, since the temperature of the curing water 10 was increased in a state where the curing water 10 was almost completely filled or completely filled in the container 1, the pressure of the curing water in the container 1 was increased. As a result, the value above the saturated vapor pressure was maintained and good numerical values were obtained.
Ａ 成形品
１ 耐圧容器
２ 器体
３ ハッチ
４ ヒーター
５ 挿入管
６ 脱気管
７ 排水管
８ 圧力計
９ 温度計
１０ 養生水
１１ 水
１２ 飽和水蒸気
A Molded product 1 Pressure vessel 2 Body 3 Hatch 4 Heater 5 Insertion pipe 6 Deaeration pipe 7 Drain pipe 8 Pressure gauge 9 Thermometer 10 Curing water 11 Water 12 Saturated steam
Claims (1)
耐圧容器内に養生水を充満し、
養生水の飽和水蒸気圧よりも大きな圧入圧力で水を耐圧容器内に加圧注入して耐圧容器内の圧力を高めるとともに養生水の温度を上げ、
耐圧容器内を養生水の温度に対応する飽和水蒸気圧以上に保ち、
前記養生水を沸騰させないようにして、養生水中に沸点温度における激しい気相が生じないようにし、
前記セメント系成形品は、養生中常に水中に浸漬した状態に保持してなる高耐久セメント系成形品製造における養生方法。 Place the cement-based molded product in a sealable pressure-resistant container so that the whole is immersed in the curing water,
Fill the pressure vessel with curing water,
Pressurize and inject water into the pressure vessel with a pressure greater than the saturated water vapor pressure of the curing water to increase the pressure in the pressure vessel and raise the temperature of the curing water,
Keep the pressure vessel above the saturated water vapor pressure corresponding to the temperature of the curing water,
Do not boil the curing water so that a vigorous gas phase at the boiling temperature does not occur in the curing water,
The cement-based molded product is a curing method in manufacturing a highly durable cement-based molded product that is maintained in a state of being immersed in water during curing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005289465A JP4694937B2 (en) | 2005-10-03 | 2005-10-03 | Curing method in the manufacture of highly durable cement-based molded products |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005289465A JP4694937B2 (en) | 2005-10-03 | 2005-10-03 | Curing method in the manufacture of highly durable cement-based molded products |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2007099544A JP2007099544A (en) | 2007-04-19 |
| JP4694937B2 true JP4694937B2 (en) | 2011-06-08 |
Family
ID=38026840
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005289465A Expired - Fee Related JP4694937B2 (en) | 2005-10-03 | 2005-10-03 | Curing method in the manufacture of highly durable cement-based molded products |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP4694937B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103737708A (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2014-04-23 | 泉州建华管桩有限公司 | Maintenance method of solid square pile |
| CN103950098A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2014-07-30 | 北京六建集团有限责任公司 | Energy-saving and environmental-friendly constant temperature-controlled curing system |
| CN112060312A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-11 | 芜湖市中天管桩股份有限公司 | Steam conveying device for tubular pile steam curing |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105239592B (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2017-12-05 | 国家电网公司 | Concrete tower bar basis Self-watering curing system |
| CN106042160A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-10-26 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Variable-temperature variable-pressure curing device for well cementing slurry test mold |
| CN111186006B (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2021-04-13 | 苏州嘉盛万城建筑工业有限公司 | Steam and electric auxiliary heating dual-purpose pre-curing kiln for PC (polycarbonate) production line |
| CN114643638A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-06-21 | 湖南德力电力建设集团有限公司线路器材制造分公司 | Steam curing device for cement telegraph pole production |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS53115725A (en) * | 1977-03-22 | 1978-10-09 | Sekisan Kogyo Kk | Aging method of concrete product using autoclave |
| JPS54143426A (en) * | 1978-04-28 | 1979-11-08 | Onoda Cement Co Ltd | Curing concrete product and apparatus therefor |
| JPS62278179A (en) * | 1986-05-28 | 1987-12-03 | 電気化学工業株式会社 | Method of curing concrete formed body |
| JPH03265580A (en) * | 1990-03-16 | 1991-11-26 | Koji Mitsuo | Curing method of hydraulic system |
| JPH11180785A (en) * | 1997-12-19 | 1999-07-06 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk | Production of mortal or concrete member |
| WO1999062843A1 (en) * | 1998-06-04 | 1999-12-09 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for producing chemically prestressed concrete product, high-temperature, high-pressure underwater concrete product curing device suitably used for the method and curing method for concrete product using the curing device |
| JP2000053476A (en) * | 1998-06-04 | 2000-02-22 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk | Production of chemical prestress member |
| JP2000319077A (en) * | 1999-04-28 | 2000-11-21 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk | Equipment for curing concrete formed body under high- temperature and high-pressure water and concrete formed body curing process using the same |
| JP2002059414A (en) * | 2000-08-21 | 2002-02-26 | Kotogawa:Kk | Method for manufacturing cement products |
-
2005
- 2005-10-03 JP JP2005289465A patent/JP4694937B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS53115725A (en) * | 1977-03-22 | 1978-10-09 | Sekisan Kogyo Kk | Aging method of concrete product using autoclave |
| JPS54143426A (en) * | 1978-04-28 | 1979-11-08 | Onoda Cement Co Ltd | Curing concrete product and apparatus therefor |
| JPS62278179A (en) * | 1986-05-28 | 1987-12-03 | 電気化学工業株式会社 | Method of curing concrete formed body |
| JPH03265580A (en) * | 1990-03-16 | 1991-11-26 | Koji Mitsuo | Curing method of hydraulic system |
| JPH11180785A (en) * | 1997-12-19 | 1999-07-06 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk | Production of mortal or concrete member |
| WO1999062843A1 (en) * | 1998-06-04 | 1999-12-09 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for producing chemically prestressed concrete product, high-temperature, high-pressure underwater concrete product curing device suitably used for the method and curing method for concrete product using the curing device |
| JP2000053476A (en) * | 1998-06-04 | 2000-02-22 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk | Production of chemical prestress member |
| JP2000319077A (en) * | 1999-04-28 | 2000-11-21 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk | Equipment for curing concrete formed body under high- temperature and high-pressure water and concrete formed body curing process using the same |
| JP2002059414A (en) * | 2000-08-21 | 2002-02-26 | Kotogawa:Kk | Method for manufacturing cement products |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103737708A (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2014-04-23 | 泉州建华管桩有限公司 | Maintenance method of solid square pile |
| CN103737708B (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2015-12-09 | 泉州建华管桩有限公司 | The maintenance process of solid square pile |
| CN103950098A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2014-07-30 | 北京六建集团有限责任公司 | Energy-saving and environmental-friendly constant temperature-controlled curing system |
| CN112060312A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-11 | 芜湖市中天管桩股份有限公司 | Steam conveying device for tubular pile steam curing |
| CN112060312B (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2022-04-26 | 建华建材(芜湖)有限公司 | Steam conveying device for tubular pile steam curing |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2007099544A (en) | 2007-04-19 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP4694937B2 (en) | Curing method in the manufacture of highly durable cement-based molded products | |
| US10821629B2 (en) | CO2 -laden concrete precast products and the method of making the same | |
| Yildirim et al. | Influence of hydrated lime addition on the self-healing capability of high-volume fly ash incorporated cementitious composites | |
| WO2014024259A1 (en) | Process for producing concrete formed body | |
| JP5872165B2 (en) | Explosion-preventing ultra-high-strength precast concrete and method for producing the same | |
| Šahinagić-Isović et al. | Shrinkage strain of concrete-causes and types | |
| CN110776289A (en) | Light high-strength ceramsite concrete and preparation method and application thereof | |
| KR101104940B1 (en) | Concrete block manufacture method to use refreshing aggregate | |
| Green et al. | Ultra-high performance concrete history and usage by the Corps of Engineers | |
| Shabbar et al. | Porosity and Water Absorption of Aerated Concrete with Varying Aluminium Powder Content | |
| Luo et al. | Insights into natural and carbonation curing of ancient Chinese rammed earth mixed with brown sugar | |
| CN110914214B (en) | Production of thermal energy storage systems | |
| JP4038332B2 (en) | Method for producing chemical prestressed concrete molded article, high-temperature high-pressure underwater curing apparatus for concrete molded article suitably used in the production method, and method for curing concrete molded article using this curing apparatus | |
| JP5873715B2 (en) | Ground injection material kneaded with seawater, and ground improvement method | |
| JP6211762B2 (en) | Method for producing concrete molded body | |
| Lee et al. | Effect of carbon dioxide curing on strength development of cement mortar | |
| Yurtdas et al. | Deformation and permeability evolution of petroleum cement paste subjected to chemical degradation under temperature | |
| Lin et al. | Lunar concrete made with the dry-mix/steam-injection method | |
| KR101368992B1 (en) | Powdered water proofing agent for concrete | |
| 河野克哉 et al. | Development of the world’s highest strength cementitious material | |
| CN110950586A (en) | Concrete aerated block and preparation method thereof | |
| CN114105587A (en) | High-strength autoclaved fly ash brick and preparation method thereof | |
| JP6636310B2 (en) | Method for producing hardened cementitious body | |
| JP2013166353A (en) | Method for manufacturing concrete formed body | |
| JPH11180785A (en) | Production of mortal or concrete member |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20080407 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20090106 |
|
| A521 | Written amendment |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20090305 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20100210 |
|
| A521 | Written amendment |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20100407 |
|
| A521 | Written amendment |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A821 Effective date: 20100407 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20101102 |
|
| A521 | Written amendment |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20101215 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20110202 |
|
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20110224 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20140304 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |