JP4693750B2 - Pyrolysis treatment equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a thermal decomposition treatment apparatus for thermally decomposing organic matter treatment materials such as biomass and waste plastic in a rotary inner cylinder.

  In recent years, various methods have been proposed for applying predetermined processing to wastes such as plastics discharged in large quantities and using them as resources. In addition, as an example, pyrolysis treatment of organic matter treatment materials such as biomass (wood, sludge, livestock manure, garbage, etc.) and waste plastic produces pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residue. It is considered that it is recovered as a pyrolysis oil by condensing, and the residue is used as a carbide by performing a predetermined treatment. Among these, when waste plastic is used as an organic material treatment material, pyrolysis oil can be recovered with high efficiency, and therefore many proposals have been made regarding an apparatus for pyrolyzing oil into such waste plastic (for example, patents). Reference 1).

  In this thermal decomposition technology, a thermal decomposition processing apparatus having a rotary inner cylinder is used, and continuous processing is simply and efficiently performed by continuously supplying processing materials to this thermal decomposition processing apparatus and continuously discharging thermal decomposition residues. The thermal decomposition process is performed. However, if the thermal decomposition process is performed continuously, if a large amount of processing material is added, the thermal decomposition process will not catch up, and a large amount of oil will be discharged into the residue, not only reducing the efficiency of the thermal decomposition process, Residues easily adhere to the residue discharge part, and in some cases, the residue discharges.

  In addition, because the processing material is continuously charged into the inner cylinder of the thermal decomposition processing apparatus and the pyrolysis gas is continuously discharged, the amount of pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis in the thermal decomposition processing apparatus fluctuates. The temperature in the thermal decomposition apparatus, that is, the temperature in the inner cylinder also varies. If the input speed of the processing material can be adjusted so that the temperature in the fluctuating inner cylinder becomes constant, stable processing can be performed at all times. For this reason, the temperature in the inner cylinder in the thermal decomposition treatment apparatus is an important parameter in performing the thermal decomposition treatment.

However, in reality, the inner cylinder is always rotating in the pyrolysis apparatus, and it is actually difficult to measure the temperature in the inner cylinder. For this reason, the operation state in the inner cylinder in the thermal decomposition treatment apparatus is observed based on the state of the residue discharged later. Therefore, it is difficult to perform an optimal operation in accordance with conditions that change from moment to moment, such as fluctuations in the moisture of the processing materials to be added, fluctuations in the amount to be charged, fluctuations in the heating temperature of the thermal decomposition treatment apparatus.
JP 2000-167833 A

  The present invention has been made in consideration of such points, and can always directly measure the temperature in the inner cylinder, which is an important parameter in the continuous thermal decomposition treatment apparatus, The temperature in the inner cylinder that fluctuates according to the conditions that change from moment to moment, such as fluctuations in the amount of input and the heating temperature of the pyrolysis treatment device, can be measured immediately as a control parameter, and the operation of the pyrolysis treatment device It is an object of the present invention to provide a thermal decomposition treatment apparatus that can always be stably performed.

The present invention includes a rotary inner cylinder that heats and thermally decomposes a processing material, an outer cylinder that is provided outside the rotary inner cylinder, and that forms a space to which heated gas is supplied between the inner cylinder, Provided on the inlet side of the inner cylinder, and injects the processing material into the inner cylinder, and includes an inlet screw having a casing and a screw, and a fixed end provided on the outlet side of the rotary inner cylinder. Between the casing of the screw and the fixed end, a pipe-like support extending in the rotary inner cylinder is arranged, and a plurality of thermocouples and cables connected to each thermocouple are held in the pipe-like support, The cable is pulled out from one side of the pipe-shaped support, and multiple thermocouples are placed in the pipe-shaped support along the longitudinal direction . Wear ring and support pipe At least one end is connected to an inert gas supply part for supplying an inert gas into the pipe-shaped support, and a large number of exhaust gases supplied from the inert gas supply part to the pipe-shaped support are discharged into the pipe-shaped support. The thermal decomposition treatment apparatus is characterized in that each heat-resistant ring is vibrated by an inert gas discharged from the opening .

The present invention includes a rotary inner cylinder that heats and thermally decomposes a processing material, an outer cylinder that is provided outside the rotary inner cylinder, and that forms a space to which heated gas is supplied between the inner cylinder, Provided on the inlet side of the inner cylinder, and injects the processing material into the inner cylinder, and includes an inlet screw having a casing and a screw, and a fixed end provided on the outlet side of the rotary inner cylinder. Between the casing of the screw and the fixed end, a pipe-like support extending in the rotary inner cylinder is arranged, and a plurality of thermocouples and cables connected to each thermocouple are held in the pipe-like support, The cable is pulled out from one side of the pipe-shaped support, and multiple thermocouples are placed in the pipe-shaped support along the longitudinal direction . Wear ring and support pipe The at least one end portion, to connect the steam supply unit for supplying steam into the pipe-like support, a large number of openings for discharging the supplied steam into the pipe-like support from the steam supply unit provided in the pipe-shaped support, discharged from the opening It is a thermal decomposition processing apparatus characterized by vibrating each heat-resistant ring with steam .

In the present invention, the water vapor supply unit is connected to both ends of the pipe-shaped support, and a partition plate is provided in the pipe-shaped support to divide the inside of the pipe-shaped support into one end and the other end. It is the thermal decomposition processing apparatus characterized.

  According to the present invention, the temperature of each part in the rotary cylinder can be measured continuously and stably with high accuracy. This makes it possible to control the temperature in the inner cylinder, which fluctuates in accordance with the thermal decomposition conditions that change from moment to moment, such as fluctuations in moisture in the input material, fluctuations in the input amount, fluctuations in the heating temperature of the thermal decomposition apparatus, etc. as a control parameter. In addition, it is possible to provide a thermal decomposition apparatus that can always stably operate the thermal decomposition apparatus.

First Embodiment Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  1 to 3 are views showing a first embodiment of a thermal decomposition processing apparatus according to the present invention.

  1 is a schematic side sectional view showing a thermal decomposition treatment apparatus, FIG. 2 is a detailed side sectional view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view when a pipe-like support is removed for convenience.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the pyrolysis furnace treatment apparatus includes a rotary inner cylinder (also referred to as a kiln inner cylinder) 12 that pyrolyzes a processing material to generate pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residue, and an inner cylinder. 12 is provided on the outer side of the inner cylinder 12 and the rotary outer cylinder 13 is provided with heating gas in the spaces 16A, 16B, 16C between the outer cylinder 12 and the inner cylinder 12. A charging screw 15 to be charged and a fixed end 33 which is provided on the outlet side of the inner cylinder 12 and seals the inner cylinder 12 and is fixed without rotating.

  The charging screw 15 includes a casing 25 and a screw 26 rotatably disposed in the casing 25, and a pyrolysis residue discharge port 36 and a pyrolysis gas exhaust port 35 are connected to the fixed end 33. Has been.

  Further, ring-shaped partition rings 20, 20, 20 are arranged in the inner cylinder 12, and a large number of ceramic balls 19 are held in the partition rings 20, 20, 20.

  The outer cylinder 13 is provided with a heating gas supply port 17 and a heating gas discharge port 18. The heating gas supply port 17 and the heating gas discharge port 18 correspond to the chambers 16A, 16B, and 16C in the outer cylinder 13 divided into three by a partition ring 18a provided in the outer cylinder 13. It is installed one by one. Moreover, the space between the outer cylinder 13 and the inner cylinder 12 is comprised by these chambers 16A, 16B, and 16C.

  On the further inlet side of the input screw 15, an input port 28 for supplying the processing material into the input screw 15 is provided, and the screw 26 of the input screw 15 is driven by the drive unit 14.

  A pipe-like support 40 that extends into the rotary inner cylinder 12 is disposed between the casing 25 of the charging screw 15 and the fixed end 33. The pipe-shaped support 40 is fixed to a support member 41 extending from the casing 25 side of the charging screw 15 and a fixed end 33, and a plurality of thermocouples 42 are held in the pipe-shaped support 40. The cable 43 connected to the thermocouple 42 extends through the pipe-shaped support 40 and protrudes outward from the fixed end 33 side. Each thermocouple 42 is disposed in the pipe-like support 40 along the longitudinal direction.

  Next, the operation of the present embodiment having such a configuration will be described.

  First, in FIGS. 1 to 3, the processing material is supplied from the charging port 28 to the charging screw 15, and then the processing material is charged into the inner cylinder 12 by the screw 26 of the charging screw 15. A ceramic ball 19 is held in the inner cylinder 12, and when the inner cylinder 12 rotates during operation, the ceramic ball 19 prevents thermal decomposition products from adhering to and sticking to the inner surface of the inner cylinder 12. . During this time, the inner cylinder 12 is uniformly heated from the outside by the heated gas supplied into the outer cylinder 13, heat is applied to the processing material, the processing material is pyrolyzed in an oxygen-free state, and the pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residue Is generated. Among these, the pyrolysis gas is discharged from the pyrolysis gas exhaust port 35, and the pyrolysis residue is discharged from the pyrolysis residue discharge port 36.

  In the present embodiment, as described above, a plurality of thermocouples 42 are held by the pipe-shaped support 40 so that the temperature distribution in the longitudinal direction in the inner cylinder 12 can always be measured. It is possible to measure the temperatures at a plurality of locations in the inner cylinder 12 of the pyrolysis apparatus as much as necessary. Based on the temperature in the inner cylinder 12 measured by the thermocouple 42, the control portion (not shown) adjusts the input speed and the input amount of the processing material, so that stable pyrolysis processing can be performed.

  The pipe-like support that holds the thermocouple 42 can be inserted into the inner cylinder 12 from the fixed end 33 side.

Second Embodiment Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The second embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b) is different from the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 except for the configuration of the pipe-like support 40. .

  4 (a) and 4 (b), the same parts as those in the first embodiment shown in FIGS.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), a plurality of heat-resistant rings 45 are attached to the outer surface of the portion of the pipe-like support 40 provided in the inner cylinder 12 that is located in the inner cylinder 12. The pipe-shaped support 40 has a large number of openings 40a. Further, a partition plate 47 that divides the inside of the pipe-shaped support 40 into two areas, a right area and a left area, is provided at a substantially central portion of the pipe-shaped support 40 in the longitudinal direction.

  In addition, a plurality of thermocouples 42 are arranged in the pipe-shaped support 40, and water vapor is supplied to one end portion (right-side end portion) of the pipe-shaped support 40 in the right region of the pipe-shaped support 40. The steam supply unit 50 is connected via the first valve 51 a, and the other end (left end) of the pipe-shaped support 40 supplies water vapor into the region on the left side of the pipe-shaped support 40. It is connected to the water vapor supply unit 50 through a valve 51b.

  In FIG. 4, a plurality of heat-resistant rings 45 are attached to the pipe-shaped support 40, and a large number of openings 40 a are provided in the pipe-shaped support 40. For this reason, water vapor is circulated from both sides of the pipe-shaped support 40, and the heat-resistant ring 45 can be vibrated by the water vapor blown out from the inside of the pipe-shaped support 40 through the opening 40a. In this way, the thermal decomposition reaction of the treatment material can be promoted by the water vapor flowing from the pipe-shaped support 40 into the inner cylinder 12, and the pyrolyzed product can be prevented from adhering to the surface of the pipe-shaped support 40.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the heat-resistant ring 45 is vibrated by the water vapor blown from the pipe-shaped support 40 through the opening 40a, so that the adhering matter does not always adhere to the pipe-shaped support 40 itself. The temperature distribution in the longitudinal direction in the inner cylinder 12 during the decomposition process can always be stably measured by the thermocouple 42. Further, the thermal decomposition reaction in the inner cylinder 12 can be promoted. In this case, you may make it change the setting value of the amount of water vapor | steam inject | poured into the pipe-shaped support 40, and water vapor | steam temperature according to the operating condition and reaction characteristic of a thermal decomposition processing apparatus.

  Further, by fixing the pipe-like support 40 holding the thermocouple 42 in the inner cylinder 12, the temperature in the inner cylinder 12 of the thermal decomposition processing apparatus is constantly and stably measured by a plurality of thermocouples 42. In addition to this, by injecting water vapor into the processing material being thermally decomposed, the thermal decomposition reaction can be promoted, and a more efficient thermal decomposition processing apparatus can be provided.

  Moreover, since the partition plate 47 is provided in the pipe-shaped support 40, water vapor can be separately injected from both sides of the pipe-shaped support 40, and the amount of water vapor blown off depending on the operating conditions is set on the side of the feeding screw 15 in the pipe-shaped support 40. And the region on the fixed end portion 33 side can increase the effect of promoting the thermal decomposition reaction.

  In this way, the water vapor flowing into the inner cylinder 12 can be changed on the charging screw 15 side and the fixed end 33 side, and the thermal decomposition reaction is accelerated under the optimum conditions according to the thermal decomposition state, and heat is applied to the pipe-shaped support surface. It is possible to prevent the decomposition treatment product from adhering and accelerate the thermal decomposition reaction. Further, the set values of the amount of water vapor and the water vapor temperature injected into the pipe-like support 40 can be changed on the charging screw 15 side and the fixed end 33 side in accordance with the operating conditions and reaction characteristics of the thermal decomposition treatment apparatus.

  Next, a modification of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4 will be described.

  In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4, an example in which the inside of the pipe-shaped support 40 is divided into two by a partition plate 47 and water vapor is supplied from one end and the other end of the pipe-shaped support 40 is shown. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the inert gas may be supplied from one end of the pipe-shaped support 40 without partitioning the pipe-shaped support 40.

  Thus, even when the inert gas is supplied to the pipe-shaped support 40, the inert gas can be blown into the inner cylinder 12 from the opening 40a of the pipe-shaped support 40, and is blown into the inner cylinder 12. The heat-resistant ring 45 attached to the pipe-shaped support 40 can be vibrated by the inert gas to prevent the pyrolyzed product from adhering to the outer surface of the pipe-shaped support 40.

The schematic sectional side view which shows 1st Embodiment of a thermal decomposition processing apparatus. The detailed sectional side view of a thermal decomposition processing apparatus. The perspective view of the thermal decomposition processing apparatus which removed the pipe-shaped support. The schematic sectional side view which shows 2nd Embodiment of a thermal decomposition processing apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

12 Inner cylinder 13 Outer cylinder 15 Input screw 25 Casing 26 Screw 33 Fixed end 40 Pipe-shaped support 42 Thermocouple 43 Cable 45 Heat-resistant ring 47 Partition plate 50 Water vapor supply section

Claims (3)

A rotary inner cylinder that heats and thermally decomposes the treatment material;
An outer cylinder that is provided on the outer side of the rotary inner cylinder and forms a space in which heated gas is supplied between the inner cylinder,
A charging screw provided on the inlet side of the rotary inner cylinder, and charging the processing material into the inner cylinder, and having a casing and a screw;
A fixed end provided on the outlet side of the rotary inner cylinder,
A pipe-shaped support that extends into the rotary inner cylinder is arranged between the casing and the fixed end of the charging screw, and a plurality of thermocouples and cables connected to each thermocouple are held in the pipe-shaped support. The cable is pulled outward from one side of the pipe-shaped support, and a plurality of thermocouples are arranged along the longitudinal direction in the pipe-shaped support;
A plurality of heat-resistant rings are attached to the outer surface of the pipe-like support located in the rotary inner cylinder.
An inert gas supply unit for supplying an inert gas into the pipe-shaped support is connected to at least one end of the pipe-shaped support,
The pipe-shaped support is provided with a number of openings for discharging the inert gas supplied from the inert gas supply unit into the pipe-shaped support, and each heat-resistant ring is vibrated by the inert gas discharged from the openings. Thermal decomposition processing equipment. A rotary inner cylinder that heats and thermally decomposes the treatment material;
An outer cylinder that is provided on the outer side of the rotary inner cylinder and forms a space in which heated gas is supplied between the inner cylinder,
A charging screw provided on the inlet side of the rotary inner cylinder, and charging the processing material into the inner cylinder, and having a casing and a screw;
A fixed end provided on the outlet side of the rotary inner cylinder,
A pipe-shaped support that extends into the rotary inner cylinder is arranged between the casing and the fixed end of the charging screw, and a plurality of thermocouples and cables connected to each thermocouple are held in the pipe-shaped support. The cable is pulled outward from one side of the pipe-shaped support, and a plurality of thermocouples are arranged along the longitudinal direction in the pipe-shaped support;
A plurality of heat-resistant rings are attached to the outer surface of the pipe-like support located in the rotary inner cylinder.
A water vapor supply unit for supplying water vapor into the pipe support is connected to at least one end of the pipe support,
A thermal decomposition treatment apparatus characterized in that a pipe-shaped support is provided with a large number of openings for discharging water vapor supplied from the water vapor supply section into the pipe-shaped support, and each heat-resistant ring is vibrated by the water vapor discharged from the openings. The steam supply unit is connected to both ends of the pipe-shaped support,
The thermal decomposition treatment apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a partition plate for dividing the inside of the pipe-shaped support into two parts, one end side and the other end side, is provided in the pipe-shaped support.

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