JPH11230523A - Agitation type waste gasifying incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an agitation type waste gasifying incinerator which achieves a higher heating efficiency and a higher agitation effect. SOLUTION: This agitation type waste gasifying incinerator is provided with an agitation means inside a heating cylinder 1 to agitate a waste 9 by axial rotation thereof and shuts the waste 9 supplied off from oxygen of outside air to thermally decompose it by high temperature sealed baking. In addition, in this agitation type waste gasifying incinerator, the heating cylinder 1 is made cylindrical to allow high temperature heating of the waste dumped and the agitation means comprises an agitation shaft 17 which is rotatable about the center axis of the heating cylinder 1 and a plurality of bar-shaped blade bodies 6 which are arranged on the agitation shaft 17 to be heatable from inside and so formed to agitate the waste 9 and move it to a discharge port.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a stirrer-type waste gasification and incineration furnace for steaming and burning incineration of general waste or industrial waste while excluding outside oxygen.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in order to suppress dioxin which is particularly likely to occur at the time of starting or stopping operation of an incinerator,
A steam kiln rotary kiln incinerator has been used. In the rotary kiln system, as shown in FIG.
In a pyrolysis drum 21, a waste 20 supplied through a screw feeder 25 is stirred and mixed while heating, and a pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis is collected to melt a cinder (incinerated ash). It is intended to be used as a heat source. Reference numeral 22 denotes an inlet for the heating gas, and reference numeral 23 denotes an outlet for the pyrolysis gas. The screw feeder 25 is
The waste 20 is stirred and supplied to the pyrolysis drum 21.
The shape of the screw is spiral, and the size of the waste 20 that can be charged is determined by the depth and width of the groove of the screw. For example, conventionally, the size of the waste is determined by the depth and width of the groove of the screw in the cylinder, and the limit is about 150 mm.

As shown in FIG. 5, a thermal decomposition drum 21 has a plurality of heating tubes 24 therein in the longitudinal direction. The pyrolysis drum 21 is a large pipe having a diameter of about 1.2 m to 2 m and a length of about 30 to 50 m.
The inside waste 20 is steamed for about one hour while rotating at.

[0004]

However, the rotary kiln incinerator has the following problems. (1) Since the thermal decomposition drum 21 is large and has a very low rotation speed of about 1.5 rpm, there is a problem that heat conduction is slow, heating efficiency is low, and stirring efficiency is poor. For this reason, even if it is attempted to rotate the pyrolysis drum 21 at a high speed, it is structurally impossible to rotate a large pipe having a diameter of about 1.2 m to 2 m and a length of about 30 to 50 m at a high speed. is there.

[0005] (2) Since the efficiency of cinder discharge is determined by the rotation speed and the inclination angle of the pyrolysis drum 21,
There is no flexibility in operating conditions. (3) As for the heating temperature of the waste 20, most of the heat conduction due to contact with the heating tube 24 provided inside the pyrolysis drum 21 is performed. However, since the rotation of the pyrolysis drum 21 is extremely slow, the waste 20 is discarded. It takes about one hour to raise and decompose the material, and it takes too much time, and the strength and wear measures of the heating tube against general and industrial waste are not sufficient.

(4) When the waste 20 is charged into the pyrolysis drum 21, the waste 20 passes through a screw feeder 25 having a rotary screw shape. Since it is determined by the size and width, in the case of a large waste, it is necessary to perform pretreatment crushing to a size that can be put into the waste, which is troublesome.

(5) Further, when the groove portion of the screw feeder 25 is not filled with the waste, the decomposed gas may be injected backward from the space portion, or it is impossible to completely shut off the outside oxygen. become. (6) Furthermore, the rotary kiln incinerator has a very large configuration and requires complicated piping work, so that the installation space is too large and the apparatus itself is very expensive.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a stirring waste gasification incinerator with improved heating efficiency and stirring efficiency. Another object of the present invention is to provide a stirred waste gasification and incinerator in which the operating conditions can be freely set.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a stirred waste gasification incinerator with reduced heating time and decomposition time. It is an object of the present invention to provide a stirred waste gasification and incinerator that does not require pretreatment of large-sized waste and can feed waste regardless of size.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a stirred waste gasification incinerator which does not reversely inject cracked gas. Another object of the present invention is to provide an agitated waste gasification incinerator with a simple configuration and low cost.

[0011]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is characterized in that the supplied waste is converted into external oxygen by rotating a shaft of a stirring means in a heating cylinder. It shuts off and stirs while steaming at high temperature to thermally decompose and generate flammable gas. Here, the stirring means
This means that the waste can be agitated by its rotation in the heating cylinder, as long as it can rotate around the axis.

The waste is rapidly pyrolyzed by the self-heating generated by the collision of the wastes caused by the rotation of the stirring means and the heating by the heating cylinder. According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the stirrer-type waste gasification incinerator according to the first aspect, the heating cylinder (1) has a cylindrical shape and can heat the charged waste (9) at a high temperature. The stirring means (17) is rotatable around the central axis of the heating cylinder (1) and is heatable from the inside, and a plurality of means are provided on the stirring shaft (17). ) With a rod-shaped wing body (6) for stirring and transferring.

With this configuration, the waste (9) inside the heating cylinder (1) is thermally decomposed by the frictional heat generated by the rotation of the blade (6) and the heat supplied from the cylinder, and is discharged as a decomposition gas. Residues such as incinerated ash of the decomposed waste (9) are extruded and discharged. According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the agitated waste gasification incinerator according to the first or second aspect, a discharge adjusting means for adjusting a residence time of the waste (9) inside the heating cylinder (1) is provided. A discharge detecting means provided on the rear end side of the heating cylinder (1) for detecting residual pyrolysis gas generated when steaming is not completed; and a gas detecting means (16). It comprises a discharge adjusting valve (5) for adjusting the opening of the valve according to the detection result, and a speed reducer (7) for controlling the rotation of the stirring shaft (17).

With this configuration, in the case where waste (9) comes out during the ejection of the decomposition gas due to the premature discharge, the gas detection means (16) detects the waste (9) and the discharge control valve (5). To adjust the residence time of the waste (9) in the heating cylinder (1). The opening degree of the discharge control valve (5) is constantly changed depending on the detected amount of the decomposition gas. Further, since the stirring speed can be adjusted by adjusting the rotation speed of the stirring shaft (17) by the speed reducer (7), the disassembly time can also be adjusted. In addition, for example, the rotation of the stirring shaft (17) is about 100 to 150.
rpm is also possible.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the agitated waste gasification incinerator according to the second or third aspect, the waste (9) is provided with a supply port side of the heating cylinder (1) to remove oxygen from the waste (9). And a plunger device (10) that can be quantitatively pushed into the heating cylinder (1) by the plunger (15).

Since the plunger (15) quantitatively pushes the waste, a screw feeder or the like is not required as in the prior art, and the waste (9) can be directly charged into the heating cylinder. The invention according to claim 5 is the invention according to claim 2.
In the stirred waste gasification incinerator according to any one of Items 1 to 4, the stirring shaft (17) has a slip ring (1) on the rear end side.
4), and a stirring shaft (17) via a slip ring (14) by a heating gas or an iron-cast electric heater.
And the wing (6) can be heated to 500 to 700 ° C. in temperature.

With this configuration, the stirring shaft (17) can be heated and maintained at a high temperature, so that the waste (9) can be uniformly and effectively heated. According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the stirred waste gasification incinerator according to the second or third aspect, the blade body (6) has a cylindrical shape, a flat surface is formed on a part of an outer peripheral surface thereof, and a heater is provided inside. Is built in,
The waste (9) in contact with the plane of the wing (6) is blown in the direction of the discharge port or in the opposite direction.

By providing a plane on a part of the outer peripheral surface of the wing (6), the waste (9) can be effectively blown in the discharge direction or the reverse direction. The invention according to claim 7 is
Through the hopper (8) capable of storing the waste (9) and the storage hole (18) formed at the bottom side of the hopper (8), the waste (9) in the hopper (8) is quantitatively determined. Device (12) capable of pushing and supplying the waste (9) supplied from the storage hole (18) with a plunger (15) in a state where oxygen is cut off, and a plunger (10). A cylindrical heating cylinder (1) capable of heating the waste (9) pushed in from the device (10) to a high temperature inside; a stirring shaft (17) rotatable around a central axis of the heating cylinder (1); A plurality of blades (6) provided on the stirring shaft (17), which can be heated from the inside, and can stir and move the waste (9) in the heating cylinder (1) when the stirring shaft (17) rotates; Adjust the residence time of the waste (9) inside the heating cylinder (1) A discharge adjusting device becomes a residue of incineration ash discharged from the pyrolysis residue outlet of the heating cylinder (1) (4) and an ash melting furnace for high temperature melting,
A gas detecting means (16) provided at a rear end side of the heating cylinder (1) for detecting a pyrolysis gas;
It comprises a discharge adjusting valve (5) for adjusting the opening of the valve based on the detection result of the gas detecting means (16), and a speed reducer (7) for controlling the rotation of the stirring shaft (17).

By providing the ash melting furnace, it is possible to melt the residue such as incinerated ash at a high temperature, turn it into slag, and reuse it. The ash melting furnace preferably melts at a high temperature, for example, at about 1300 to 1400 degrees.

[0020]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a storage hole for waste sent by the plunger device of FIG. 1, and FIG. The storage hole, (b), shows a circular storage hole. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional shape of the blade of the stirring shaft.

As shown in FIG. 1, the agitation type waste gasification incinerator according to the embodiment of the present invention performs high-temperature steaming while agitating a waste 9 to convert a pyrolysis gas and incineration ash generated thereby into a fuel. Basically, the waste 9 in the hopper 8 is quantified through the hopper 8 capable of storing the waste 9 and the storage hole 18 formed at the bottom side of the hopper 8. A pushing device 12 capable of being pushed into and supplied to the
A plunger device 10 capable of pushing and supplying the waste 9 supplied from the storage hole 18 with the plunger 15 in a state where oxygen is cut off, and a cylindrical heating capable of internally heating the waste 9 pushed from the plunger device 10 at a high temperature. Cylinder 1;
A stirring shaft 17 rotatable around the central axis of the heating cylinder 1 and capable of being heated from the inside, a plurality of stirring shafts 17 are provided,
A blade 6 that can be heated from the inside and can stir the waste 9 in the heating cylinder 1 when the stirring shaft 17 rotates, a discharge adjusting unit that adjusts the residence time of the waste 9 in the heating cylinder 1, An ash melting furnace for melting the residue such as incineration ash discharged from the pyrolysis residue discharge port 4 of the cylinder 1 at a high temperature. Discharge adjusting means is provided on the rear end side of the heating cylinder 1 and detects cracked gas which detects pyrolysis gas;
The discharge control valve 5 controls the degree of opening of the valve based on the detection result of the decomposition gas detection means 16 and the speed reducer 7 controls the rotation of the stirring shaft 17. The details will be described below.

The hopper 8 is a container for storing the waste 9 to be supplied to the heating cylinder 1, and has a funnel shape as shown in the figure. Above the hopper 8, a pushing device 12
Is provided. The pushing device 12 has a push rod, and the push rod causes the waste 9 in the hopper 8 to pass through a storage hole 18 formed in the upper portion of the plunger device 10 on the bottom surface side of the hopper 8. The amount is dropped into the inside.

Incidentally, the plunger device 10 is preferably provided with a vacuum vent in order to supply the heating cylinder 1 so that the waste 9 does not contain oxygen. The waste hopper 8 may be a vacuum hopper. Further, the heating cylinder 1 and the plunger device 10
A seal 11 made of a metal or the like is applied to the connection portion with the above to prevent oxygen from flowing.

The waste 9 put into the plunger device 10
However, since the plunger 10 protrudes above the storage hole 18 of the plunger device 10, the plunger device 10 becomes difficult to operate. Therefore, the waste 9 is completely pushed into the plunger device 10 by the pushing rod of the pushing device 12. When the plunger device 10 cannot be pushed, the plunger 15 of the plunger device 10 and the push rod of the pushing device 12 are alternately operated, and the waste 9 is pushed into the plunger device 10 until the plunger device 10 becomes operable. Compress so that
The storage hole 18 may be an elliptical hole 18a as shown in FIG. 2A or a circular hole 18b as shown in FIG. 2B. The pushing-in timing by the pushing-in device 12 may be adjusted to the processing time inside the heating cylinder 1, for example, the pushing-in may be performed continuously at intervals of about 5 minutes.

Since the size of the waste 9 to be charged is determined by the diameter of the inlet of the heating cylinder 1 and the size of the storage hole 18, the diameter of the inlet of the heating cylinder 1 and the diameter of the storage hole 18 are, for example, 300 mm. For example, any waste 9 having a diameter of 300 mm or less can be charged. For this reason, it is not necessary to crush the large waste 9 in advance. If the inlet diameter of the heating cylinder 1 and the diameter of the storage hole 18 are made larger than this, even a larger waste 9 can be introduced without crushing.

The heating cylinder 1 has a hollow cylindrical shape and a size of, for example, about 90 cm to 5 m in diameter is practical. The size is not limited to this, and can be changed according to the type and size of the waste 9 to be treated. The heating cylinder 1 heats the waste 9 inside by an electric heater or the like provided on the outer periphery. Heating cylinder 1
Is fixed by a pedestal 13, and a pyrolysis gas discharge port 3 is formed in the upper portion on the rear end side on the right side in the figure, and a pyrolysis residue discharge port 4 is formed in the lower portion. From the pyrolysis gas discharge port 3, pyrolysis gas such as carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide generated when the waste 9 is pyrolyzed inside the heating cylinder 1 is discharged and used as fuel for a boiler or an ash melting furnace. Reused. Residue such as incineration ash is discharged from the pyrolysis residue discharge port 4 by pushing out a screw 6.

The stirring shaft 17 is provided on the center axis of the heating cylinder 1 and its speed is controlled by the speed reducer 7 provided on the rear end side. For example, the rotation speed of the stirring shaft 17 can be set to about 100 to 150 rpm. As described above, since the rotation of the stirring shaft 17 is controlled by the speed reducer 7, the stirring shaft 17 can be rotated at a high speed. For example, the thermal decomposition of the waste 9 is performed in a short time of about 30 minutes. be able to. In addition, since the rotation speed can be freely adjusted by adjusting the speed reducer 7, the speed of disassembly can be easily adjusted. Therefore, it is possible to adjust the decomposition rate based on the detection result from the gas detector 16.

The blades 6 are arranged at equal intervals on the stirring shaft 17 in the vertical and horizontal directions with respect to the axial direction. The shape of the wing 6 is shown in FIG.
As shown in the cross-section, a part of the columnar cross-section is formed so that the waste 9 is sent in the target direction by the thrust. The inclination angle is adjusted according to the discharging speed and the like, and is preferably set to an inclination angle such that the waste 9 is not discharged too quickly and has an appropriate amount.

The stirring shaft 17 and the blade 6 have a built-in heater. The heater is, for example, a cast iron heater.
This is because when a sheathed heater cast into the inside of an iron cylinder is used, there is no unevenness in temperature, and the thermal efficiency is good. Iron is used because the melting temperature is high. Since the heater is cast with iron, the construction is easy and the cost is low. These heaters are heated and heated via a slip ring 14 provided on the rear end side of the stirring shaft 17. The use of an electric heater is preferable because maintenance is easy.

The waste 9 put into the heating cylinder 1 is heated by an electric heater or the like provided on the outer periphery of the heating cylinder 1, heated by the heater inside the stirring shaft 17 and the inside of the blade 6, 6 caused by frictional heat generated by agitation, the mixture was heated up to about 250
It is steamed at ~ 450 ° C and pyrolyzed to generate gas. The pyrolysis gas passes through a cooler and is exhausted by an exhaust pump.
It is housed in a pressure tank and used as a fuel for boilers for power generation or as a fuel for ash melting furnaces for melting cinders.

In this embodiment, the waste 9 in the heating cylinder 1 is agitated by the wings 6 so that the waste 9 collides with each other to generate friction, and the pyrolysis gas is generated by self-heating. To be generated. Further, the cinders such as the incinerated ash of the waste 9 after the thermal decomposition are extruded and discharged. This allows
The thermal decomposition rate can be significantly reduced. For example, the thermal decomposition can be performed in about 30 minutes as described above, and the incineration treatment can be performed in about 1/2 the time in the conventional rotary kiln incinerator.

When the decomposition is completed, the cinders such as incinerated ash are pushed out by the stirring shaft 17 and sent out from the pyrolysis residue discharge port 4 to an external ash melting furnace (not shown). Ash melting furnace
At about 1300-1400 ° C., these cinders are melted at a high temperature and turned into slag to be reusable. At this time, if the discharge is too early, the waste 9 from which the decomposition gas is being ejected may come out of the pyrolysis residue discharge port 4. In such a case, by detecting the gas detector 16 provided in the vicinity of the discharge port 4, the discharge control valve 5 is narrowed to make it difficult for the residue to come out, and to reduce the exhaust gas 9.
The residence time in the heating cylinder 1 is adjusted. The opening degree of the discharge adjusting valve 5 is constantly changed according to the detected amount of the decomposition gas. Since the content of the waste 9 changes depending on the conditions such as the area and time, the type of gas generated also changes depending on the content and type of the waste, and thus the rotation speed of the gas detector 16, the discharge control valve 5, or the reduction gear 7 Adjustment is required.

[0033]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained. That is,
In the present invention, instead of the conventional rotating pyrolysis drum, a stirrer is provided in a heating cylinder provided with a heating device to stir and thermally decompose waste, so that the heating efficiency and the stirring efficiency are remarkably improved. Can be improved.

Further, the rotation speed of the stirring shaft can be freely adjusted by the structure in which the stirring shaft is rotated.
Operating conditions such as cinder discharge efficiency or decomposition gas generation time can be freely set. Furthermore, since it is not affected by the groove shape of the screw feeder as in the related art, large-sized waste can be charged. Further, since the waste is sent to the heating cylinder by being pushed by the plunger device, reverse injection of the decomposition gas can be prevented, and inflow of outside air (oxygen) can be prevented.

Further, according to the present invention, the configuration is simple, the apparatus can be manufactured at low cost, and the size can be reduced. Further, the present invention is configured such that the waste is stirred by rotating the stirring means, and the stirring means can be rotated at a high speed, so that the waste can be discarded as compared with a conventional rotary kiln system in which the decomposition drum cannot be rotated at a high speed. The time for heating and decomposing the material can be remarkably reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 2A and 2B are explanatory views showing storage holes for waste sent by the plunger device of FIG. 1, wherein FIG. 2A shows an oval storage hole and FIG. 2B shows a circular storage hole.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional shape of a blade of a stirring shaft.

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional configuration diagram showing a conventional rotary kiln incinerator.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic sectional view of the thermal decomposition drum of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heating cylinder 3 Pyrolysis gas discharge port 4 Pyrolysis residue discharge port 5 Discharge adjustment valve 6 Blade 7 Reduction gear 8 Hopper 9 Waste 10 Plunger device 11 Seal 12 Push-in device 13 Mount 14 Slip ring 15 Plunger 16 Gas detector ( Means) 17 Stirring shaft

Claims (7)

[Claims] The heating cylinder (1) is provided with stirring means for stirring the waste (9) by rotating the shaft, and the supplied waste (9) is subjected to high-temperature steaming while shutting off external oxygen. Stirred waste gasification incinerator that pyrolyzes. 2. The stirred waste gasification incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the heating cylinder (1) is cylindrical and capable of heating the charged waste (9) at a high temperature. A stirring shaft (17) rotatable around the central axis of the heating cylinder (1) and heatable from the inside; and a plurality of stirring shafts (17) provided on the stirring shaft (17) to heat the heat from the inside and stir the waste (9). A stirrer-type waste gasification incinerator comprising a rod-shaped blade (6) shaped to move to a discharge outlet. 3. A stirrer-type waste gasification incinerator according to claim 1, further comprising discharge adjusting means for adjusting the residence time of the waste (9) inside the heating cylinder (1), The means is provided on the rear end side of the heating cylinder (1), and detects gas residual pyrolysis gas generated when steaming is not completed, and a gas detection means (16) based on a detection result of the gas detection means (16). A stirrable waste gasification incinerator comprising a discharge control valve (5) for adjusting the opening of the valve and a speed reducer (7) for controlling the rotation of the stirrer shaft (17). 4. The stirred waste gasification incinerator according to claim 1, which is provided on a supply port side of a heating cylinder (1) and quantifies the waste (9) without oxygen. A stirred waste gasification incinerator comprising a plunger device (10) that can be pushed into a heating cylinder (1) by a plunger (15). 5. The stirred waste gasification incinerator according to claim 2, wherein the stirring shaft (17) includes a slip ring (14) at a rear end side, and the heating gas or Slip ring by electric heater (14)
A stirrer-type waste gasification incinerator wherein the temperature of the stirring shaft (17) and the blade body (6) can be increased to about 500 to 700 ° C. 6. The agitated waste gasification incinerator according to claim 2, wherein the blade body (6) has a cylindrical shape and a flat surface is formed on a part of an outer peripheral surface thereof. A stirred waste gasification incinerator wherein the waste (9) in contact with the plane of (6) is blown in the direction of the outlet or in the opposite direction. 7. A hopper (8) capable of storing waste (9).
And a storage hole (18) formed on the bottom side of the hopper (8).
A pushing device (12) capable of quantitatively pushing and supplying the waste (9) in the hopper (8), and a state in which the waste (9) supplied from the storage hole (18) is deoxygenated. Plunger device (10) that can be pushed and supplied by plunger (15), and waste (9) pushed from plunger device (10)
A cylindrical heating cylinder (1) capable of high-temperature heating inside, a stirring shaft (17) rotatable around the central axis of the heating cylinder (1) and heatable from the inside, and a plurality of stirring shafts (17). The heating cylinder (1) which is provided and can be heated from the inside and rotates the stirring shaft (17)
Wing (6) capable of stirring and moving waste (9) in the inside; discharge adjusting means for adjusting the residence time of waste (9) in the heating cylinder (1); and thermal decomposition of the heating cylinder (1) An ash melting furnace for melting the residue such as incineration ash discharged from the residue discharge port (4) at a high temperature; and a discharge adjusting means provided at a rear end side of the heating cylinder (1), (16), a discharge adjusting valve (5) for adjusting the opening of the valve based on the detection result of the gas detecting means (16), and a speed reducer (7) for controlling the rotation of the stirring shaft (17). ) And a stirred waste gasification incinerator.