JP4675125B2 - Retaining wall model device for learning - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a retaining wall model device for learning and a retaining wall learning method for visually presenting a cross-sectional structure of a land having steps on both sides thereof via a retaining wall.

  Conventionally, when designing the structure of a retaining wall to be installed on a land with a level difference, the designer uses a manual with text and figures to understand the difference in stability due to the structure (shape and dimensions) of the retaining wall. Currently, the wall is being designed.

  On the other hand, some retaining wall design support systems have been proposed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-090093 (Patent Document 1), Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-200547 (Patent Document 2), and the like.

JP 2001-090093 A JP 2001-200177 A

  However, in the above-mentioned conventional example, there is no concrete behavior that lacks the stability of the retaining wall in the commentary with texts and figures, that is, there is no movement such as falling, subsidence, sliding, destruction of the retaining wall, etc. It is difficult to understand the reality of stability because it is difficult to imagine. Further, it is difficult to easily imagine a specific behavior that lacks the stability of the retaining wall even if the techniques of Patent Documents 1 and 2 are used.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and the object of the present invention is to reproduce the behavior of the retaining wall concretely and simply using a model when the designer designs the structure of the retaining wall. The purpose of this study is to provide a retaining wall model device for learning and a retaining wall learning method capable of obtaining the essential points of structural design.

The first configuration of the learning retaining wall model device according to the present invention for achieving the above object, the visual behavior of the retaining wall in order to learn the structural design of the retaining wall to be constructed on land with a height difference A retaining wall model device for learning , which has a width corresponding to the length of one side of the box and the inner wall of the box, and is freely inserted into the box to stand upright. A retaining wall body for partitioning the inside of the box body, and a granular body imitating soil for filling the interior of one side of the box body partitioned by the retaining wall body, At least a side wall is a transparent body, and the granules filled in one side of the box are substantially the same in bulk specific gravity or grain shape and are constituted by a sphere or a polyhedron , and the granules are the box The retaining wall body is overturned or pressed by pressing the retaining wall body as it increases inside the one side of the body. It characterized in that it visually presented the behavior to slide.

The second configuration of the learning retaining wall model device according to the present invention, in the first configuration, the horizontal plate inside the support ground before Symbol box body after filling the granulate to simulate standing The retaining wall body having a piece is erected and the granular body is laid in a lower layer portion of the retaining wall body, and the granular body increases in one side of the box body, and the retaining wall body thereby pressing the upright piece and the horizontal plate, characterized that you visually present the subsidence behaves in該擁wall by the.

Further, the third configuration of the retaining wall model device for learning according to the present invention has a weight body that imitates a building placed on top of the granular material in the first and second configurations, the weight bodies than the granulate, Ri large cube der is bulk density, the fall of the retaining wall when not mounted to the case of placing the weight body, the three behavior slide or subsidence and features that you visually presented.

The fourth configuration of the learning retaining wall model device according to the present invention, the first, in the second configuration, the Yokabetai has a water Tairahen the standing piece, said horizontal plate It is joined by joining means for repeatedly attaching and detaching the upright piece, and the upright piece of the retaining wall body is pressed by pressing the upright piece of the retaining wall body as the granular body increases inside the one side of the box. It is characterized by visually presenting the breaking behavior of the joining means .

Further, a fifth configuration of the retaining wall model device for learning according to the present invention is the fourth configuration according to the fourth configuration, wherein the lower end portion of the standing piece and one whole surface of the horizontal piece are provided with the joining means. It is configured to be possible.

The sixth configuration of the retaining wall model device for learning according to the present invention is characterized in that, in the first configuration, the retaining wall body has a laminated block body imitating a gravity retaining wall.

Moreover, the 1st structure of the retaining wall learning method which concerns on this invention uses the 1st-6th structure of the said retaining wall model apparatus for learning , The behavior of the retaining wall built in the land with a height difference Retaining wall learning method for visually presenting a plurality of types of granular materials having different surface shapes or surface friction coefficients, and corresponding to the length of one side of the inner wall of the box A retaining wall body having a width is slidably inserted, and the granular body is selectively filled into one side of the box body partitioned by the retaining wall body to compare the behavior of the retaining wall body. It is characterized by.

Moreover, the 2nd structure of the retaining wall learning method which concerns on this invention uses the 1st-6th structure of the said retaining wall model apparatus for learning , The said retaining wall body is a cantilever type retaining wall. It has a simulated horizontal piece and a standing piece, and the behavior of the retaining wall body is compared by changing the layer configuration below the mounting surface of the horizontal piece.

Moreover, the 3rd structure of the retaining wall learning method which concerns on this invention prepares the multiple types of retaining wall body from which a shape differs using the 1st-6th structure of the said retaining wall model apparatus for learning , The retaining wall body is selectively used to compare the behavior of the retaining wall body.

According to the first configuration of the retaining wall model device for learning according to the present invention, when the retaining wall body imitating the retaining wall that is freely inserted into the box body is pressed by the granular body imitating the soil. By visually observing the behavior, the behavior of the retaining wall lacking in stability is specifically exemplified by a model, and the designer can easily understand the main points of the structural design of the retaining wall.

  Further, since at least the side wall of the box is a transparent body, the movement of the retaining wall until the retaining wall falls down, sinks, slides, or breaks can be visually confirmed in a side section.

Moreover, according to the 3rd structure of the retaining wall model apparatus for learning which concerns on this invention, the retaining wall body which imitated the retaining wall is pressed by the granular body which simulated the load which received the load of the weight body which simulated the building. You can see the behavior when

Moreover, according to the 4th structure of the retaining wall model apparatus for learning which concerns on this invention, the junction part of the horizontal piece and the standing piece which imitated the cantilever type retaining wall of cross-sectional L shape, cross-sectional inverted T shape, etc. Since it was configured to be detachable repeatedly, after confirming the behavior of the retaining wall body imitating the cantilever retaining wall breaking at the joint between the horizontal piece and the standing piece, the horizontal piece and the standing piece again Can be repeatedly learned. When the joining portion between the horizontal piece and the standing piece is configured to be detachable repeatedly, a hook-and-loop fastener can be provided on the horizontal piece and the standing piece so as to be detachable.

Moreover, according to the 5th structure of the retaining wall model apparatus for learning which concerns on this invention, it was comprised so that the standing piece of the retaining wall body which imitated the cantilever type retaining wall could be joined to the arbitrary positions of a horizontal piece. Thus, the position of the standing piece relative to the horizontal piece can be changed to a desired position, and the shape of the retaining wall body imitating the cantilever retaining wall can be arbitrarily changed. When the upright piece is configured to be joinable to an arbitrary position of the horizontal piece, a hook-and-loop fastener can be provided on the horizontal piece and the upright piece so as to be detachable.

Moreover, according to the 6th structure of the retaining wall model apparatus for learning which concerns on this invention, it was set as the retaining wall body which has the laminated block body which modeled the gravity type retaining wall, and the retaining wall body which simulated the gravity type retaining wall By visually observing the behavior when pressed by a granular material simulating the ground, the behavior that lacks the stability of the retaining wall is specifically exemplified in the model, and in addition, the retaining wall is inclined to stabilize the retaining wall Since the dead area near the retaining wall created when it is installed (the area that cannot be used effectively because the horizontal surface continuous with the upper ground surface is not formed) can be visually confirmed, the designer can give the key points for the structural design of the retaining wall. Easy to understand.

Further, according to the first configuration of the retaining wall learning method according to the present invention, the designer can easily understand the essential points of the structural design of the retaining wall using the learning retaining wall model device.

  In addition, by preparing a plurality of types of granules having different surface shapes or surface friction coefficients, it is possible to understand the difference in behavior of the retaining wall for each of a plurality of different types of granules.

  Moreover, according to the 2nd structure of the retaining wall learning method which concerns on this invention, by changing the layer structure below the horizontal piece of the retaining wall body imitating the cantilever retaining wall, the cantilever retaining wall It is possible to appropriately select a layer structure that can optimally visually recognize the mechanism of falling, sinking, sliding, and destruction.

  Further, according to the third configuration of the retaining wall learning method according to the present invention, by preparing a plurality of types of retaining wall bodies having different shapes, the behavior of the retaining wall body for each of the plurality of types of retaining wall bodies having different shapes. Can understand the difference.

An embodiment of a retaining wall model device for learning and a retaining wall learning method according to the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a retaining wall model device for learning according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a view showing a state in which a retaining wall body imitating a cantilever type retaining wall, and FIG. 3 is a cantilever type FIG. 4 is a diagram showing how a retaining wall body simulating a retaining wall sinks, FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating how a retaining wall body simulating a cantilever retaining wall, and FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a cantilever retaining wall. FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing another configuration of a retaining wall body simulating a cantilever-type retaining wall, and FIG. 7 is a retaining wall simulating a cantilever-type retaining wall. The figure which shows an example which comprised the junction part of the horizontal piece and standing piece of a body so that attachment or detachment was possible, FIG. 8: is a figure which shows the mode of the retaining wall body which imitated the gravity type retaining wall.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a learning retaining wall model device for visually presenting a cross-sectional structure of land having steps on both sides through a retaining wall. Reference numeral 2 denotes a box having at least a side wall made of a transparent body. In the present embodiment, the box 2 is made of a rectangular hexahedron having a transparent acrylic plate bonded and opened at the top. The thickness of the acrylic plate is preferably about 2 mm to 5 mm. The transparent material may be polycarbonate or glass.

  Reference numeral 3 denotes a retaining wall body simulating a cantilever retaining wall that has a width corresponding to the length of one side of the inner wall of the box body 2 and is freely inserted into the interior of the box body 2. The retaining wall 3 is a model obtained by cutting and reducing a part of the retaining wall to be designed in the longitudinal direction. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the retaining wall 3 having an L-shaped cross section or FIG. 6 (a). As shown in FIG. 7, the bottom of the horizontal piece 3 c of the retaining wall body 3 having an L-shaped cross section is provided with a protrusion 3 a for preventing sliding, or a protrusion 3 b for preventing overturning at the corner of the retaining wall 3. As shown in FIG. 6 (b), a retaining wall body 3 having an inverted T-shaped cross section can be used as appropriate.

  The width of the retaining wall body 3 (length in the longitudinal direction of the retaining wall body 3) is set to be slightly smaller than the inner dimension of one side of the box body 2, and the retaining wall body 3 fits inside the box body 2 A partition wall is formed which is inserted together to partition the inside of the box 2. The scale of the retaining wall 3 is preferably about 1/30 to 1/5 that of the actual retaining wall, and wood, resin, metal, cardboard, etc. can be appropriately applied as the material of the retaining wall 3.

  The inside of one side of the box body 2 partitioned by the retaining wall body 3 is filled with a granular body 4 simulating soil. As the material of the granular material 4, glass, resin, metal, gravel, etc. can be applied as appropriate. An example of the resin is acrylic. The form of the granular body 4 is preferably a bead shape such as a sphere or a polyhedron, and the particle diameter is preferably about 1 mm to 5 mm in diameter. Resin beads having a diameter of about 0.5 mm of the granular material 4 generate electrostatic force between the resin plate and the box 2 made of an acrylic plate, so that the operability of the experiment is poor, and it adheres to the wall surface of the box 2 and is collected. There is a problem that it takes time and effort. Therefore, it is preferable that the granular body 4 has a diameter that does not enter between the box body 2 and the retaining wall body 3. In the case of the granular body 4 made of resin, electrostatic force is superior to gravity and does not adhere to other resin products. The diameter is preferred.

  For example, the granular body 4 is prepared with a plurality of types of granular bodies 4 having substantially the same bulk specific gravity and different surface shapes or surface friction coefficients. The behavior of the retaining wall 3 can be compared by filling. Here, that the bulk specific gravity of the granular material 4 is the same means that the particle size and the gap are substantially the same. Further, the difference in the surface shape of the granular material 4 means a difference in surface shape such as a spherical shape, a polyhedron, or a spherical surface obtained by applying a predetermined processing. Further, the difference in the surface friction coefficient of the granular material 4 means a difference in having a slidability or adhesiveness by attaching a slidable or adhesive material to the surface. Thereby, the influence which the difference in the kind of soil mounted in a retaining wall has on a retaining wall can be understood. Specifically, sandy soil with a small frictional force (internal friction angle) has a greater force (earth pressure) to push the retaining wall horizontally than clayey soil, making it easier for sliding, falling, and subsidence. I can understand.

  Further, the difference in behavior of the retaining wall body 3 can be compared by changing the layer structure below the mounting surface of the horizontal piece 3c of the retaining wall body 3 imitating the cantilever type retaining wall. That is, in FIG. 1, a base material 7 such as polystyrene foam is laid inside the box body 2, and a resin plate 12 having a small surface friction coefficient is laid on the base material 7. It is an example of the layer structure which laid the granular material. Instead of the plate 12, a resin sheet may be used. 2, 4, and 5 are examples of a layer configuration in which the horizontal piece 3 c of the retaining wall 3 is placed directly on the base material 7 and the granular material 4 is laid on the base material 7.

  As shown in FIG. 4, by making the lower layer of the mounting surface of the horizontal piece 3c of the retaining wall 3 a relatively hard foamed polystyrene, it is possible to suppress the settlement of the retaining wall 3 and easily express the sliding, It is possible to grasp the sliding behavior of the retaining wall. Further, by laying a plate having a small coefficient of friction on the foamed polystyrene, the sliding property can be maintained even in repeated learning. Further, by learning by replacing the plate 12 with, for example, one having a rough surface and a large coefficient of friction, as shown in FIG. I can do it.

  FIG. 3 shows an example of a layer structure in which the base material 7 is omitted and the granular material 4 is laid directly inside the box 2. In this way, the lower layer of the mounting surface of the horizontal piece 3c of the retaining wall 3 has a layer structure in which a heavy solid can easily enter, so that the behavior of the retaining wall 3 sinks, for example, built on soft ground The subsidence of the retaining wall is visible and can be seen easily.

A weight body 5 simulating a building can be placed on the upper part of the granular body 4 filled inside one side of the box body 2 partitioned by the retaining wall body 3. The weight body 5 has a bulk specific gravity larger than that of the granular body 4 and is composed of a cube having a side of 10 mm to 30 mm, and a metal, resin, or wood is preferable as the material. By comparing the case where the weight body 5 is not placed with the case where the weight body 5 is placed with the retaining wall model device 1 for learning under the same conditions, the earth pressure increases due to the effect of the overload of the building etc. It can be understood that if the upper load is placed near the upper part of the retaining wall, it is also disadvantageous for sliding and subsidence.

  FIG. 2 shows a state in which the retaining wall body 3 falls down. First, as shown in FIG. 2A, the retaining wall body 3 having an L-shaped cross section is erected in the box 2, and then FIG. ), The granular material 4 is filled on the horizontal piece 3c side of the retaining wall 3. When the granular body 4 increases, a counterclockwise moment due to a force (a force corresponding to the main earth pressure) that presses the upright piece 3d of the retaining wall body 3 in the horizontal direction due to the weight of the granular body 4 increases. 3 starts to rotate leftward with the toe portion as a fulcrum. (See FIG. 2 (b)). At this time, the moment due to the main earth pressure can be realized by pressing and supporting the upright piece 3d of the retaining wall body 3 in the right direction of FIG.

  FIG. 2 (c) shows how the retaining wall body 3 then falls and the granular body 4 simulating the soil collapses. Since the length of the horizontal piece 3c serving as the bottom plate of the retaining wall body 3 is not sufficient, when the moment around the toe in FIG. 2 is considered, the horizontal piece 3c of the retaining wall body 3 is placed on its own weight and above the horizontal piece 3c. Rather than the clockwise moment due to the weight of the granulated body 4, the counterclockwise moment due to the force that the granular body 4 placed on the upper part of the horizontal piece 3 c presses the standing piece 3 d of the retaining wall body 3 in the horizontal direction is The state where the retaining wall body 3 is overturned can be visually recognized.

  In order to make the fall easy to occur, as described above, the moment that works in the direction to cause the counterclockwise retaining wall 3 to fall by selecting the granular body 4 having a smooth surface shape and finish and having a small mutual friction. The frictional force acting on the horizontal piece 3c of the retaining wall body 3 and its placement surface may be increased by increasing the height of the horizontal wall 3c of the retaining wall body 3 or roughening the placement surface of the horizontal piece 3c of the retaining wall body 3.

  FIG. 3 shows a state in which the retaining wall body 3 sinks. First, as shown in FIG. 3A, the retaining wall body 3 having an L-shaped cross section is erected on the granular body 4 laid in the box body 2. Next, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), the granular material 4 is filled on the horizontal piece 3 c side of the retaining wall 3. When the granular body 4 increases, the weight of the granular body 4 acts on the horizontal piece 3c of the retaining wall body 3 to press the retaining wall body 3 downward, and the force that presses the standing piece 3d to the side acts. In particular, a large pressure (ground pressure) is applied to the toe portion of the granular material 4 laid in the lower layer of the retaining wall 3 simulating the supporting ground by these two forces. And the granular material 4 yields to this pressure, and subsidence starts from a toe part (refer FIG.3 (b)). In order to make the subsidence easily occur, it is preferable to select the granular material 4 having a smooth surface shape and finish and having a small friction acting on each other.

  FIG. 4 shows how the retaining wall body 3 slides. First, as shown in FIG. 4A, the retaining wall body 3 having an L-shaped cross section is erected in the box 2 and supported by the temporary support member 6. In a state where the wall body 3 is temporarily supported, the granular body 4 is filled on the side opposite to the horizontal piece 3 c of the retaining wall body 3. When the granular body 4 increases, the upright piece 3d of the retaining wall body 3 is pressed by the load of the granular body 4, and when the temporary supporting member 6 is retracted to release the support of the retaining wall body 3, the retaining wall body 3 is shown in FIG. It starts to move to the left in (b). At this time, the main earth pressure can also be realized by pressing and supporting the standing piece 3d of the retaining wall 3 in the horizontal direction with a finger.

  Further, when the area of the horizontal piece 3c simulating the bottom plate of the retaining wall 3 is increased, the frictional force generated between the horizontal piece 3c simulating the bottom plate and the granular body 4 simulating the soil increases, and the retaining wall 3 It is also possible to learn that it is possible to prevent sliding.

  FIG. 5 shows how the retaining wall body 3 breaks due to insufficient strength. First, as shown in FIG. 5A, a cross section L in which the joining force between the standing piece 3d and the horizontal piece 3c is weakened in the box 2. The character-shaped retaining wall body 3 is erected, and the granular body 4 is filled on the horizontal piece 3 c side of the retaining wall body 3. When the granular body 4 increases, the upright piece 3d of the retaining wall 3 is pressed to the left in FIG. 5B by the load of the granular body 4, and the joint between the upright piece 3d and the horizontal piece 3c breaks from the inside. Then, it can be visually confirmed that the standing piece 3d collapses.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing another configuration of the retaining wall body 3. Instead of the retaining wall body 3 having the L-shaped cross section described above, for example, as shown in FIG. A retaining wall body 3 provided with a protrusion 3a for preventing sliding at the bottom of the horizontal piece 3c of the wall 3 and a protrusion 3b for preventing overturning at the corner of the retaining wall 3, or FIG. 6 (b). As shown, the cross-sectional structure of the land with steps on both sides can be visually presented through the retaining wall by the retaining wall model device 1 for learning using the retaining wall body 3 having an inverted T-shaped section as appropriate. .

  The transparent side wall of the box 2 is provided with a reference line 8 serving as an index in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and the initial positions of the horizontal piece 3c and the standing piece 3d of the retaining wall 3 are on the reference line 8. It is set and the state from the reference line 8 is shown that the granular body 4 is filled in one side of the box body 2 partitioned by the retaining wall body 3 and the retaining wall body 3 falls, sinks, slides and breaks. It can be easily recognized by a change in position. Although not shown in the figure, by providing scales at regular intervals in the horizontal and vertical directions with reference to the reference line 8, the amount of movement such as the amount of filling of the granular material 4 and the amount of settlement of the retaining wall 3 can be easily achieved. It is possible to measure.

  7 (a) and 7 (b) show a joint portion between the horizontal piece 3c and the upright piece 3d of the retaining wall body 3 imitating a cantilever type retaining wall, and a joint between the horizontal piece 3c and the projecting portions 3a and 3b. The example which comprised each part so that attachment or detachment was possible by the hook_and_loop | surface fastener 9 used as the joining means which joins so that attachment or detachment repeatedly is shown. One of the surface fasteners 9 is constituted by a male surface fastener provided with a plurality of hook-shaped portions, and the other is constituted by a female surface fastener provided with a plurality of ring threads.

  The joining strength of each joint between the horizontal piece 3c and the upright piece 3d or the horizontal piece 3c and the protrusions 3a and 3b can be adjusted as appropriate by changing the type of the joining material itself or changing the joining area. . The protrusion 3b of the toe portion of the retaining wall body 3 is an imitation of a retaining wall bottom plate that protrudes to the lower side of the granular body 4 that imitates the ground to prevent the retaining wall body 3 from falling or sinking. The part 3 a is a part imitating a retaining wall part that protrudes downward to prevent the retaining wall body 3 from sliding.

  In FIG. 7B, the granular material 4 is filled into one side of the box body 2 partitioned by the retaining wall body 3 shown in FIG. Then, the horizontal piece 3c is pressed, and a rotating moment acts on each of the upright piece 3d, the projecting portion 3b, and the projecting portion 3a, and the retaining wall body 3 is broken at the joint portion by each surface fastener 9.

  By filling the granular body 4, each joint portion detachably joined by each surface fastener 9 of the retaining wall body 3 is peeled off so that the state of destruction of the retaining wall body 3 can be understood. I can understand the necessary parts. When the experiment is completed, the retaining wall body 3 can be easily returned to the shape of the retaining wall body 3 shown in FIG.

  In FIG. 7C, a hook-and-loop fastener 9 is provided on one entire surface of the horizontal piece 3c of the retaining wall body 3 imitating a cantilever type retaining wall, and the hook-and-loop fastener 9 provided at the lower end of the upright piece 3d. Can be joined to any position of the horizontal piece 3c. Thereby, the shape of the retaining wall body 3 can be transformed into various shapes to learn the behavior of the retaining wall body 3. Thereby, it is not necessary to prepare a plurality of retaining wall bodies 3 having different shapes and can be used repeatedly.

  In addition, the retaining wall body 3 having the horizontal piece 3c and the standing piece 3d having the same dimensions can easily compare the difference in behavior of the retaining wall body 3 due to the difference in the shape of the joining position, and the horizontal piece 3c simulates the ground. It can be easily understood that the retaining wall body 3 is more advantageous for falling, but more disadvantageous for sliding, as the protruding dimension of the protruding portion 3b protruding to the lower side of the granular body 4 becomes larger. I can do it. Further, the difference in behavior of the retaining wall body 3 depending on the presence or absence of the protruding portion 3a and the protruding portion 3b can be easily compared, and the functions of the protruding portion 3a and the protruding portion 3b can be easily understood.

  FIG. 8 is a view showing an example of the retaining wall body 3 simulating a gravity retaining wall. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8B, the laminated block bodies 10 made of hexahedrons are stacked in three stages. It is an example. The length of one side of the inner wall of the box body 2 is formed corresponding to the width of the laminated block body 10, and each laminated block body 10 is freely inserted into the inside of the box body 2.

  If the laminated block bodies 10 are simply stacked vertically, if the weight of the laminated block body 10 is light, the granular material 4 may collapse due to a force (earth pressure) that presses the laminated block body 10 in the horizontal direction. Visible. Therefore, it is understood that when the protrusions 10a projecting downward on the toe portion of the laminated block body 10 are stacked while being inclined toward the side where the granular body 4 is filled, the laminated block body 10 is stable against the pressing force of the granular body 4. It can be seen that the dead area 11 must be formed in order to stabilize the body 10. Through this experience, you can easily understand the main points of gravity type retaining wall design.

As described above, a plurality of types of retaining wall bodies 3 having different shapes are prepared, and the behavior of the retaining wall body 3 is compared by selectively using the retaining wall body 3, so that the retaining wall model apparatus 1 for learning is used. As a result, the designer understands the key points of the structural design of the retaining wall, and as a result, the designer can determine the optimal retaining wall structure by considering the design ability of the retaining wall (such as soil conditions, height difference, and budget). The ability to select and the ability to design a retaining wall so that it will not fall, sink, slide or break for a long period of time can be enhanced.

As an application example of the present invention, it can be applied to a retaining wall model device for learning and a retaining wall learning method for visually presenting a sectional structure of a land with steps on both sides through a retaining wall. It can be suitably used in the field of learning the stability of a retaining wall structure with a model without using a complicated design support system.

It is a perspective view which shows an example of the retaining wall model apparatus for learning which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows a mode that the retaining wall body which imitated the cantilever type retaining wall falls. It is a figure which shows a mode that the retaining wall body which imitated the cantilever type retaining wall sinks. It is a figure which shows a mode that the retaining wall body which imitated the cantilever type retaining wall slides. It is a figure which shows a mode that the retaining wall body which imitated the cantilever type retaining wall destroys. It is sectional drawing which shows the other structure of the retaining wall body which imitated the cantilever type retaining wall. It is a figure which shows an example which comprised the junction part of the horizontal piece and standing piece of the retaining wall body which imitated the cantilever type retaining wall so that attachment or detachment was possible. It is a figure which shows the mode of the retaining wall body which imitated the gravity type retaining wall.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Learning retaining wall model apparatus 2 ... Box body 3 ... Retaining wall body 3a, 3b ... Protruding part 3c ... Horizontal piece 3d ... Standing piece 4 ... Granular body 5 ... Weight body 6 ... Temporary support member 7 ... Base material 8 ... Base line 9 ... Hook fastener
10 ... Laminated block body
10a ... Projection
11… Dead area
12 ... Plate
13 ... Reinforcing bars

Claims (9)

A learning retaining wall model system for visually presenting the behavior of the retaining wall in order to learn the structural design of the retaining wall to be constructed on land with a height difference,
Box and
A retaining wall for partitioning the interior of the box, having a width corresponding to the length of one side of the inner wall of the box, and being freely inserted into the box to stand up ,
Granules imitating soil for filling one side of the box partitioned by the retaining wall,
Have
At least the side wall of the box is a transparent body,
The granular bodies filling one side of the box body are substantially the same in bulk specific gravity or grain shape and are formed of a spherical shape or a polyhedron , and the granular body increases inside the one side of the box body. A learning retaining wall model device that visually presents the behavior of the retaining wall body toppling or sliding by pressing the retaining wall body . To imitate a support ground inside the front Symbol box body laying the granules in the lower portion of the horizontal piece and the standing piece and is raised to the retaining wall having a by該擁wall after filling the granulate Te, you visually present the subsidence behaves in該擁wall by pressing the upright strip and the horizontal plate of the retaining wall member with the particulate material is increased in the interior of one side of the box body The learning retaining wall model device according to claim 1. Has a weight body simulating a building to be placed on top of the granulate, the weight bodies than the granulate, Ri bulk specific gravity larger cube der, when placing the weight body It said retaining falling wall, learning retaining wall model according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized that you visually presented three behaviors sliding or subsidence if not placed with. The Yokabetai has a water Tairahen the standing piece, joined by repeatedly detachable joining means and said upstanding piece and the horizontal piece, the granulate is increased in the interior of one side of the box body learning according to claim 1 or claim 2 by pressing the upright piece該擁wall said joining means該擁wall, characterized in that the behavior visually presented to break with the Retaining wall model device. The retaining wall model device for learning according to claim 4, wherein the lower end portion of the standing piece and one whole surface of the horizontal piece are provided with the joining means so as to be joined. The retaining wall model device for learning according to claim 1, wherein the retaining wall body has a laminated block body imitating a gravity retaining wall. A retaining wall learning method for visually presenting the behavior of a retaining wall built on a land with a height difference using the retaining wall model device for learning according to any one of claims 1 to 6. ,
Prepare multiple types of granules with different surface shapes or surface friction coefficients,
A retaining wall body having a width corresponding to the length of one side of the inner wall of the box body is movably inserted into the box body, and the inside of the box body partitioned by the retaining wall body A retaining wall learning method comprising selectively filling a granular body and comparing the behavior of the retaining wall body. Using the retaining wall model device for learning according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the retaining wall body includes a horizontal piece and an upright piece imitating a cantilever retaining wall, A retaining wall learning method, wherein the behavior of the retaining wall bodies is compared by changing the layer configuration below the mounting surface of the horizontal piece. A plurality of types of retaining wall bodies having different shapes are prepared using the learning retaining wall model device according to claim 1, and the retaining wall body is selectively used to form the retaining wall. Retaining wall learning method characterized by comparing body behavior.

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