JP4675057B2 - Operation control method for centrifugal pump - Google Patents

Operation control method for centrifugal pump Download PDF

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JP4675057B2
JP4675057B2 JP2004137013A JP2004137013A JP4675057B2 JP 4675057 B2 JP4675057 B2 JP 4675057B2 JP 2004137013 A JP2004137013 A JP 2004137013A JP 2004137013 A JP2004137013 A JP 2004137013A JP 4675057 B2 JP4675057 B2 JP 4675057B2
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pump
rotational speed
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speed
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郁夫 石田
隆典 池田
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Tsurumi Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、渦巻きポンプの運転制御方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to an operation control method for a centrifugal pump.

周知のように、渦巻きポンプの運転特性は高揚程の小流量側の締切に近づくにつれて軸動力が減少し、逆に低揚程の大流量側においては軸動力が増大するという特性を有しており、たとえ高揚程域において軸出力に余力がある場合でも、低揚程域における最大軸動力に制約されるため、所定軸出力においては高揚程域の吐出揚程を増大することはできず、一般的には軸出力を増大した１ランク以上のポンプモータを用いた渦巻きポンプで対処される。また、別の方策として従来は、例えば、ポンプの吐出配管中に圧力タンクを設けて該圧力タンクの出口側配管に増圧用のブースタポンプを介設し、初段の送水ポンプの吐出揚程不足を当該ブースタポンプにより補うことで、目的の高所或いは長距離の送水を可能とさせてる（例えば、特許文献１参照。）。   As is well known, the operating characteristics of a centrifugal pump have the characteristic that the shaft power decreases as it approaches the cutoff on the small flow rate side of the high head, and conversely, the shaft power increases on the large flow rate side of the low head. Even if there is a reserve in the shaft output in the high head range, the maximum head power in the low head region is limited, so the discharge head in the high head region cannot be increased at the predetermined shaft output. Is dealt with by a centrifugal pump using a pump motor of one rank or more with increased shaft output. As another measure, conventionally, for example, a pressure tank is provided in the discharge pipe of the pump, and a booster pump for pressure increase is provided in the outlet side pipe of the pressure tank. By supplementing with a booster pump, the target high place or long distance water supply is enabled (for example, refer patent document 1).

しかし、前述の如く高揚程域のポンプ吐出揚程を増大するために送水を蓄積する圧力タンクと送水制御のためのバイパス配管および当該バイパス配管に付随される制御弁やオリフィス等の流体制御機器を要し、更に、増圧用のブースタポンプの介装するため、その配管設備は大掛りで複雑な構造となると共に、上記流体制御機器の複雑な作動制御が必要であり、製造・設備および維持管理コストを押し上げるだけでなく、小型・軽量化をすることもできない。
特開平７−５４３８２号公報 （第１図、第６図、第７図、第９図） However, as described above, in order to increase the pump discharge head in the high head region, a pressure tank for accumulating water, a bypass pipe for water supply control, and a fluid control device such as a control valve and an orifice associated with the bypass pipe are required. In addition, since the booster pump for pressure increase is installed, the piping equipment has a large and complicated structure, and complicated operation control of the fluid control equipment is required. In addition to pushing up, it is not possible to reduce the size and weight.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-54382 (FIGS. 1, 6, 7, 9)

解決しようとする課題は、渦巻きポンプの高揚程域から低揚程域に亘る広範囲の運転における高揚程域でポンプ吐出揚程が不足する場合においても、予めポンプ軸出力を１ランク以上のポンプとすることを必要とせず、また、ポンプの吐出側配管設備に従来のような圧力タンクやバイパス配管や制御弁やオリフィス等の流体制御機器およびブースタポンプを設けるという大掛りで複雑な構造および流体制御機器の複雑な作動制御を不要とし、小型・軽量化が可能で、しかも、揚程の低い場合においては設定出力と同等のポンプ運転出力によるフル運転状態での排水が可能となり、揚程が高くポンプ締切運転付近の場合には予め設定された所定の増速設定回転によりポンプの吐出揚程不足を補い、高揚程の小流量域から低揚程の大流量域に亘る広範囲の領域において常に適正なポンプ運転特性状態で運転される、渦巻きポンプの運転制御方法を提供することである。   The problem to be solved is to set the pump shaft output to a pump with a rank of 1 rank or higher in advance even when the pump discharge head is insufficient in the high lift range in the wide range operation from the high lift range to the low lift range of the spiral pump. In addition, the pump discharge side piping equipment is equipped with conventional pressure tanks, bypass piping, control valves, orifices and other fluid control devices and booster pumps, and large and complex structures and fluid control devices. Complicated operation control is not required, and it is possible to reduce the size and weight. In addition, when the head is low, drainage is possible in the full operation state with the pump operation output equivalent to the set output, and the head is high and near the pump cutoff operation. In the case of the above, the shortage of the discharge head of the pump is compensated by the predetermined speed setting rotation set in advance, and the flow range from the small flow range of the high lift to the large flow range of the low lift. Always operated at proper pump operation characteristic state in the range of the region is to provide a method for controlling the operation of the centrifugal pump.

本発明では、ポンプ起動時の吐出側水位を水位センサにより検出しその検出信号をポンプモータの制御装置へ入力し、該入力信号に基づき回転数が選択され、ポンプの実運転出力が過負荷とならないようにポンプの運転出力を制限するために設定された設定出力と同等で且つポンプの実回転数が吐出揚程不足とならないように該実回転数を増速させるために設定された設定回転数と同等となるポンプ運転点を境として、ポンプの実運転出力が設定出力以下で且つ実回転数が設定回転数と同等のときは、該実回転数の増速を優先させて該実回転数を設定回転数と同等に継続させる回転数設定制御が選択されて高揚程向けの運転が行われ、また、ポンプの実運転出力が設定出力と同等で且つ実回転数が設定回転数以下のときは、該実回転数を増・減速させて該実運転出力を設定出力と同等に継続させる軸出力設定制御が選択されて低揚程向けの運転が行われることを、最も主要な特徴とする。 In the present invention, the discharge-side water level at the time of starting the pump is detected by the water level sensor, and the detection signal is input to the control device of the pump motor, the rotational speed is selected based on the input signal, and the actual operation output of the pump is overloaded. setting the actual rotational speed of the set set output equivalent and pump are set in order to accelerated the said actual rotational speed so as not to lack the discharge lift to limit not such unusually operating power of the pump If the pump actual operating output is equal to or lower than the set output and the actual engine speed is equal to the set engine speed at the pump operating point that is equivalent to the engine speed, give priority to the speed increase of the actual engine speed. operation for high lift rotational speed setting control to continue the revolution speed setting rotational speed and the like is selected and performed, also and the actual rotation speed is set rotation speed actual operation output is equal to the set output of the pump Increase the actual rotational speed in the following cases. Speed allowed by said actual operating power setting output and shaft output set to continue in the same or the like control is selected that the operation of the low head for is performed, the most important feature.

本発明制御方法によれば、渦巻きポンプの高揚程域から低揚程域に亘る広範囲の運転において、揚程が高くポンプ締切運転付近の場合は、予め設定された所定の増速設定回転によりポンプの吐出揚程不足が補われ、また、揚程の低い場合において設定出力と同等のポンプ運転出力によるフル運転状態での排水が可能となり、高揚程の小流量域から低揚程の大流量域に亘る広範囲の領域において常に適正なポンプ運転特性状態で運転されるという効果を生じる。しかも、このような効果を生じさせるについて、ポンプ軸出力を１ランク以上のポンプとすることを必要とせず、また、ポンプの吐出側配管設備に従来のような圧力タンクやバイパス配管や制御弁やオリフィス等の流体制御機器およびブースタポンプを設けるという大掛りで複雑な構造および流体制御機器の複雑な作動制御を不要とし、小型・軽量化が可能となるため渦巻きポンプの製造や配管設備および維持管理コストを引き下げ、また、メンテナンスの面でも有利である。   According to the control method of the present invention, in a wide range of operation from the high head region to the low head region of the centrifugal pump, when the head is high and the pump is close to the shutoff operation, the pump discharge is performed by a predetermined speed setting rotation set in advance. Insufficient head lift, and when the head is low, drainage is possible in full operation with the pump operation output equivalent to the set output, and a wide range from a small flow range with a high head to a large flow region with a low head. This produces an effect that the pump is always operated in an appropriate pump operation characteristic state. Moreover, in order to produce such an effect, the pump shaft output does not need to be a pump of rank 1 or more, and the pressure tank, bypass piping, control valve, Manufacture, piping equipment, and maintenance management of centrifugal pumps because it is possible to reduce the size and weight of the fluid control equipment such as orifices and booster pumps, and to eliminate the need for complicated operation control of fluid control equipment. Costs are reduced and maintenance is advantageous.

ポンプ起動時の吐出側水位を水位センサにより検出しその検出信号をポンプモータの制御装置へ入力し、該入力信号に基づき回転数が選択され、ポンプの実運転出力が過負荷とならないようにポンプの運転出力を制限するために設定された設定出力と同等で且つポンプの実回転数が吐出揚程不足とならように該実回転数を増速させるために設定された設定回転数と同等となるポンプ運転点を境として、ポンプの実運転出力が設定出力以下で且つ実回転数が設定回転数と同等のときは、該実回転数の増速を優先させて該実回転数を設定回転数と同等に継続させる回転数設定制御が選択されて高揚程向けの運転が行われ、また、ポンプの実運転出力が設定出力と同等で且つ実回転数が設定回転数以下のときは、該実回転数を増・減速させて該実運転出力を設定出力と同等に継続させる軸出力設定制御が選択されて低揚程向けの運転が行われる。また、吐出側水位が予め定められたポンプの締切運転水位に近づくに従い、段階的に所定の設定回転数に切り替え増速されて吐出揚程を増大させる。
The discharge side water level at pump start is detected by the water level sensor inputs the detection signal to the control unit of the pump motor, the rotational speed on the basis of the input signal is selected, no matter the actual operating power of the pump that become overloaded Equivalent to the set output set to limit the pump operation output, and equivalent to the set rotation speed set to increase the actual rotation speed so that the actual rotation speed of the pump is insufficient for the discharge head When the actual operation output of the pump is equal to or lower than the set output and the actual rotation speed is equal to the set rotation speed, the actual rotation speed is set with priority on the speed increase of the actual rotation speed. operation for high lift rotational speed setting control for continuing the rotation speed and the like is selected and performed, also when the actual operating power of the pump is and the actual rotation speed equivalent to the set output of less than the set rotational speed , Increase or decrease the actual rotational speed Operation of low head for is performed is selected shaft output setting control to continue the output to the set output and the like. Further, as the discharge side water level approaches a predetermined pump shut-off operation water level, the discharge head is increased stepwise by switching to a predetermined set number of rotations.

実施例の図１において、１は本発明の実施対象となる渦巻きポンプ、２は該渦巻きポンプ１を駆動させるポンプモータ、３はポンプケーシング、４は該ケーシング３内に収容された羽根車であり、シュラウド５の下面に複数枚の羽根板６・・６が定着されている。図２において、７は吐出側水位を検出するための水位センサ、８はポンプモータ２の制御装置であり、ポンプモータ２の回転数および軸出力を検出する装置と、水位センサ７の信号を感知する装置と、水位センサ７からの入力信号に応じた回転数または軸出力となるようポンプモータ２を調整させる装置とから構成されている。以下図２ないし図４により説明を進める。   In FIG. 1 of the embodiment, 1 is a centrifugal pump that is an object of implementation of the present invention, 2 is a pump motor that drives the centrifugal pump 1, 3 is a pump casing, and 4 is an impeller housed in the casing 3. A plurality of blades 6... 6 are fixed to the lower surface of the shroud 5. In FIG. 2, 7 is a water level sensor for detecting the discharge side water level, 8 is a control device for the pump motor 2, and a device for detecting the rotational speed and shaft output of the pump motor 2 and the signal of the water level sensor 7 are sensed. And a device for adjusting the pump motor 2 so as to obtain a rotational speed or a shaft output according to an input signal from the water level sensor 7. The description will proceed below with reference to FIGS.

ポンプ起動時の吐出側水位を水位センサ７により検出しその検出信号をポンプモータ２の制御装置８へ入力し、該入力信号に基づき回転数が選択され、ポンプの実運転出力が設定出力と同等で且つポンプの実回転数が設定回転数と同等となるポンプ運転点の図４におけるＡ点を境として、右側領域の低揚程の運転領域においてポンプの実運転出力が設定出力と同等で且つ実回転数が設定回転数以下のときは、図４の実線で示される特性の軸出力設定制御が選択され、ポンプの回転数を増速または減速して設定出力と同出力で運転させる。しかし、図４の実線で示される左側領域の高揚程の運転領域を含め運転全域に亘り設定出力で運転しようとした場合には、破線で示されるように揚程が高くなるに従って吐出揚程が不足していくため、吐出側水位条件（水位センサ７の信号出力）に応じて設定回転数を上昇させることにより、ポンプの実運転回転数が設定回転数に近づくよう増速され、図４の左側領域の実線で示される特性の回転数設定制御が選択され、ポンプの実運転出力が増大されて高揚程時のポンプ吐出揚程が増大される。すなわち、運転出力が右上がりの動力特性を有する渦巻きポンプについて、ポンプの運転出力一定制御運転を行うと、高揚程域において回転数が増速され無駄に動力が消費されるので、この際設定回転数を設けることにより、設定出力となる前に実回転数が設定回転数に到達されるので、ポンプの実運転出力は設定出力以下となって回転数設定制御が選択され、優先的にポンプの回転数が増速されて設定回転数と同回転数の所定の増速回転数で適正に運転される。低揚程の運転領域において設定出力により運転された場合、上記とは逆にポンプ負荷が大きく、設定回転数となる前にポンプの実運転出力が設定出力に到達されるので、実回転数が設定回転数よりも低い回転数で運転されるので、結果的に出力は設定出力値付近において運転されることになる。従って、揚程が低い場合には設定出力と同等のポンプ運転出力によるフル運転状態での排水が可能となる。また、高揚程の運転領域においてポンプの実運転出力が設定出力以下で且つ実回転数が設定回転数と同等のときは回転数設定制御が選択され、設定出力で運転しようとしても、該設定出力となる前に実回転数が設定回転数に到達されるので、ポンプの実運転出力は設定出力以下となって回転数設定制御の選択が継続されるので、所定の増速回転数で適正に運転される。このように吐出側水位条件に応じて通常回転数よりも高い適正な設定回転数でポンプが運転されるので、高揚程時におけるポンプの吐出揚程を適正に増大することが可能となり、当然のことながら実際に必要とされるポンプ吐出揚程で適正に排水抑制されることになる。 The discharge-side water level at the time of starting the pump is detected by the water level sensor 7, and the detection signal is input to the control device 8 of the pump motor 2, the rotation speed is selected based on the input signal, and the actual operation output of the pump is equal to the set output And the actual operation output of the pump is the same as the set output and the actual output of the pump in the low lift operation region of the right region , with the point A in FIG. 4 of the pump operation point where the actual rotation number of the pump is equal to the set rotation number as a boundary. If speed is less than the set rotational speed, shaft output setting control characteristic indicated by the solid line in FIG. 4 is selected, is operated at a set output and the output speed increased or decelerate the rotation speed of the pump. However, when attempting to operate at the set output over the operating whole including the operation region of the high lift of the left region indicated by the solid line in FIG. 4, the discharge lift is insufficient according to lift as shown by a broken line is high for gradually, by raising the set rotational speed in accordance with the discharge side water level conditions (signal output of the water level sensor 7), it is accelerated so that the actual driving rotational speed of the pump approaches the setting rotational speed, the left region in FIG. 4 The rotation speed setting control having the characteristic indicated by the solid line is selected, the actual operation output of the pump is increased, and the pump discharge head at the time of high head is increased. That is, for a centrifugal pump having a power characteristic of the driving output upper right, when the operation level control operation of the pump, the rotational speed is wasted power is accelerated is in high head range Ru is consumed, this time setting the rotation Since the actual rotational speed reaches the set rotational speed before becoming the set output , the actual operating output of the pump becomes equal to or lower than the set output, and the rotational speed setting control is selected . The number of rotations is increased , and operation is properly performed at a predetermined speed increase number that is the same as the set number of rotations . When it is operated by setting Teide force in the operation region of low head, large pump load contrary to the above, since the actual operating power of the pump is reached set output before the setting rotational speed, the actual rotational speed since but is operated with by setting the rotational speed remote low rotational speed, resulting in output it will be operated in the vicinity of set Teide force value. Therefore, it is possible to waste water in full operating state by operation of the pump output equal to the set Teide force when lift is low. Also, when and the actual rotation speed in actual operation output setting Output following pump in the operating area of the high lift is equal to the set rotational speed rotational speed setting control is selected, even if an attempt is operated at settings Teide force, the Since the actual rotational speed reaches the set rotational speed before it becomes the set output , the actual operation output of the pump becomes lower than the set output, and the selection of the rotational speed setting control is continued. Operated properly. As described above, since the pump is operated at an appropriate set rotational speed higher than the normal rotational speed in accordance with the discharge-side water level condition, it is possible to appropriately increase the pump discharge head at the time of high head. However, drainage is appropriately suppressed at the pump discharge head actually required.

実施例１の制御方法を前提として、吐出側水位が予め定められたポンプの締切運転水位に近づくに従い、段階的に所定の設定回転数に切り替え増速されて吐出揚程を適正に増大させる。また、吐出側水位が低下した場合においても予め定められている所定の設定回転数の減速回転数で運転されるので高揚程時におけるポンプの吐出揚程を適正に低下させ、排水側の貯留容量が小さな機場や、流入変動が急激な機場においても、その急激な変動に即応した運転制御を１台の渦巻きポンプで高揚程域から低揚程域に亘る広範囲の適正な運転を行うことができる。 Given the control method of Example 1, in accordance with the discharge side water level approaches the discharge operation level of the pump a predetermined, appropriately increasing the discharge pump head is stepwise switched acceleration to a predetermined set rotational speed. Also, properly reduced the discharge lift of the pump during high lift because it is operated is predetermined in the predetermined set deceleration rotational speed of the rotational speed in a case where the discharge side water level is lowered, the storage capacity of the waste water side Even in a small machine or a machine with a rapid change in inflow, it is possible to perform a wide range of appropriate operations from a high lift range to a low lift range with a single centrifugal pump, with operation control responding quickly to the rapid change.

本発明の実施対象となる渦巻きポンプの要部縦断側面図である。It is a principal part vertical side view of the spiral pump used as the implementation object of this invention. 本発明の制御系統の構成図である。It is a block diagram of the control system of this invention. 本発明によるポンプの運転制御のフロー図である。It is a flowchart of the operation control of the pump by this invention. 本発明によるポンプの運転制御特性を示す線図である。It is a diagram which shows the operation control characteristic of the pump by this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ ポンプ
２ ポンプモータ
７ 水位センサ
８ ポンプモータの制御装置 1 Pump 2 Pump Motor 7 Water Level Sensor 8 Pump Motor Control Device

Claims (2)

渦巻きポンプの運転制御方法において、ポンプ起動時の吐出側水位を水位センサにより検出しその検出信号をポンプモータの制御装置へ入力し、該入力信号に基づき回転数が選択され、ポンプの実運転出力が過負荷とならないようにポンプの運転出力を制限するために設定された設定出力と同等で且つポンプの実回転数が吐出揚程不足とならないように該実回転数を増速させるために設定された設定回転数と同等となるポンプ運転点を境として、ポンプの実運転出力が設定出力以下で且つ実回転数が設定回転数と同等のときは、該実回転数の増速を優先させて該実回転数を設定回転数と同等に継続させる回転数設定制御が選択されて高揚程向けの運転が行われ、また、ポンプの実運転出力が設定出力と同等で且つ実回転数が設定回転数以下のときは、該実回転数を増・減速させて該実運転出力を設定出力と同等に継続させる軸出力設定制御が選択されて低揚程向けの運転が行われることを特徴とする、渦巻きポンプの運転制御方法。 In the operation control method of the centrifugal pump, the discharge-side water level at the start of the pump is detected by the water level sensor, and the detection signal is input to the control device of the pump motor, the rotation speed is selected based on the input signal, and the actual operation output of the pump for but to accelerated the said actual rotational speed so that the actual rotational speed of the set set output equivalent and pump is not a shortage of the ejection lift in order to limit the operating power of oddly pumps become overloaded Priority is given to the increase in the actual rotational speed when the actual operational output of the pump is equal to or lower than the set output and the actual rotational speed is equal to the set rotational speed at the pump operating point that is equivalent to the set rotational speed. by said actual rotational speed of the rotational speed to continue setting the set speed and the like control is performed operation for high lift is selected, also and the actual rotation speed actual operating power of the pump equivalent to the set output Is below the set speed It can is characterized in that the axial output setting control to continue by increasing or decelerating a said actual rotational speed of said actual operating power to the set output and the like are selected operation of the low-lift for take place, a centrifugal pump Operation control method. 水位センサからの入力に基づき回転数が選択され、吐出側水位が予め定められたポンプの締切運転水位に近づくに従い、段階的に所定の設定回転数に切り替え増速されて吐出揚程を増大させることを特徴とする、請求項１記載の渦巻きポンプの運転制御方法。 Is speed selected based on input from the water level sensor in accordance with the discharge side water level approaches the discharge operation level of the pump a predetermined increase the discharge pump head is stepwise switched acceleration to a predetermined set rotational speed The method for controlling the operation of the centrifugal pump according to claim 1, wherein:
JP2004137013A 2004-05-06 2004-05-06 Operation control method for centrifugal pump Expired - Lifetime JP4675057B2 (en)

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Citations (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6223596A (en) * 1985-07-24 1987-01-31 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd Pump apparatus
JPH06185493A (en) * 1992-11-02 1994-07-05 Yaskawa Electric Corp Operating method of water supply pump
JPH07119684A (en) * 1993-10-21 1995-05-09 Ebara Corp Operation control device of turbo type fluid machine
JPH0996291A (en) * 1995-10-02 1997-04-08 Tsurumi Mfg Co Ltd Rotational speed control method for motor-driven pump
JPH10252680A (en) * 1997-03-14 1998-09-22 Ebara Corp Operation control device for pump
JPH11107975A (en) * 1997-10-03 1999-04-20 Hitachi Ltd Submerged motor driven pump

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JPS6223596A (en) * 1985-07-24 1987-01-31 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd Pump apparatus
JPH06185493A (en) * 1992-11-02 1994-07-05 Yaskawa Electric Corp Operating method of water supply pump
JPH07119684A (en) * 1993-10-21 1995-05-09 Ebara Corp Operation control device of turbo type fluid machine
JPH0996291A (en) * 1995-10-02 1997-04-08 Tsurumi Mfg Co Ltd Rotational speed control method for motor-driven pump
JPH10252680A (en) * 1997-03-14 1998-09-22 Ebara Corp Operation control device for pump
JPH11107975A (en) * 1997-10-03 1999-04-20 Hitachi Ltd Submerged motor driven pump

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