JP4652353B2 - Block mat and block mat manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a block mat, such as a revetment block, which is laid on a river or a coast and used particularly as a revetment, and a method for manufacturing the same.

  Conventionally, revetment work using block mats (revetment blocks) has been carried out in many rivers in order to prevent river erosion and sediment transport. In recent years, it has been requested to secure the strength of the revetment in a short time and at a low cost. Corresponding to this, the construction of revetment using concrete is progressing. At the same time, environmental considerations are necessary.

  For this reason, Patent Document 1 discloses that vegetation is easily formed on the surface portion by providing a gap in the concrete.

  Concrete can be easily made into a desired shape by pouring it into a predetermined form before curing, but on the other hand, a large number of block mats made by using a small number of forms are used on site. Must be transported to. In other words, it is practically impossible to prepare the formwork at the site where the required number of block mats: the formwork is close to 1: 1, and the live control work at the worksite is impossible.

Here, in Patent Document 2, it is disclosed that concrete is poured into a cloth formwork to produce a wave-dissipating block.
JP-A-6-108437 Japanese Utility Model Publication No.7-017820

  However, in a structure in which voids are provided in concrete, the strength is affected, and the amount of voids is limited, so that desired vegetation may not be realized.

  Further, in the wave-dissipating block using the cloth formwork, it is only necessary to tighten the peripheral surface with a cloth belt in order to strengthen the cloth bag. There is no description. Moreover, there is no description of how a fabric belt reinforces, and it is not practical, and is not described to the extent that a person skilled in the art can carry out.

  In consideration of the above facts, the present invention enables the production of block mats at the site when laying block mats for revetment work, etc., and reduces habitats for vegetation and school of fish without reducing the strength of concrete. It is an object to obtain a block mat that can be provided and a method for manufacturing the block mat.

  A first aspect of the present invention is a block mat laid on a river or a coast, and is spanned between a surface layer portion to be an outer wall layer, a base portion serving as a reference for the shape of the surface layer portion, and the surface layer portion and the base portion. A holding member that holds the distance from the base in the surface layer portion at a predetermined distance by stretching when the distance between the surface layer portion and the base portion becomes a predetermined distance, and a formwork member that is made of a foldable material, respectively The concrete is poured between the core portion and the surface layer portion of the mold member before curing, and concrete is cured in a shape set by the mold member. According to the first invention, the formwork member can be folded and given strength.

  In the first invention, a reinforcing plate is attached to the surface layer portion. The reinforcing plate is preferably made of a natural material formed into a plate shape. As a natural material, a palm material etc. are applicable.

  Further, in the first invention, the formwork member is made of a cloth having a waterproof process applied to at least a surface in contact with concrete. The cloth type is a hood cloth.

  Furthermore, in the first invention, the base portion forms a cylindrical inner wall layer. When the concrete is poured into the base portion formed on the cylindrical inner wall layer, a cylindrical body is inserted, and a wire rod is stretched radially from the cylindrical body toward the surface layer portion. It is said.

  The second aspect of the invention is a surface layer portion that becomes an outer wall layer, a base portion that serves as a reference for the shape of the surface layer portion, spans between the surface layer portion and the base portion, and stretches when a predetermined distance is reached between the surface layer portion and the base portion. Thus, it is possible to manufacture block mats that are laid on rivers and coasts, using a formwork member that is made of a foldable material, with a holding part that holds the distance from the base in the surface layer part at a predetermined distance. And a second step of applying a reinforcing plate along a surface layer portion when the three-dimensional structure is obtained by unfolding the formwork member from the folded state. A step, a third step in which a core material is erected on the base portion, and the wire material is passed between the upper end of the core material and the surrounding surface layer portion; and a space between the surface layer portion and the base portion before curing A fourth step of pouring concrete and the concrete; After bets is cured, and a, a fifth step of removing the core material and wires.

  According to the second invention, the block mat can be manufactured in the field, and the formwork member including the reinforcing plate can be a habitat for vegetation and fish school. Protection is possible. By removing the core material arranged at the center of the block mat, the hole formed in the block mat reduces the buoyancy of the block mat. Can be stably fixed to the coast, river shore.

  In the second invention, the base is a cylindrical inner wall layer, the core is housed inside the inner wall layer, and supports the pressure of the concrete applied to the surface layer portion via the wire body. It is characterized by being a vinyl pipe.

  In the second invention, the reinforcing plate is made of a natural material and has a plate shape. As a natural material, a palm material etc. are applicable.

  As described above, in the present invention, when laying a block mat for revetment or the like, it is possible to manufacture the block mat on site, and to provide a habitat for vegetation and fish school without reducing the strength of concrete. It has an excellent effect of being able to.

  FIG. 1 shows a bank protection block 10 in which the block mat of the present invention is applied as a river bank protection. The revetment block 10 includes hardened concrete 12, an inner wall layer 16 that covers an inner peripheral surface of a circular hole 14 provided in the center of the concrete 12, and an outer wall layer 18 that covers a vertical wall surface on the outer periphery of the concrete 12. The floor bottom layer 20 covering the bottom surface of the concrete 12 is provided. The outer wall layer 18 is provided with a reinforcing plate 22 made of palm fiber, which is a natural material. The reinforcing plate 22 is held by a belt layer 24 provided on the outer wall layer 18.

  The outer dimensions of the revetment block 10 with the above configuration are 1 to 1600 mm x 1300 to 1600 mm in length and width in plan view, and 350 to 450 mm in height in the plan view. It depends on the situation. That is, the shape of the revetment block 10 differs depending on the inclination angle, area, relative position to the water surface, linearity, etc., but the standard size is as described above.

On the other hand, in the present embodiment, raw concrete is poured into the formwork 26 (see FIG. 2) at the construction site of a river or the like , and the revetment block 10 including the formwork 26 is used. That is, the inner wall layer 16, the outer wall layer 18, the floor bottom layer 20, the reinforcing member 22, and the belt layer 24 other than the concrete 12 described above are all components constituting the mold 26 shown in FIG. 2.

  Among them, the inner wall layer 16, the outer wall layer 18, the floor bottom layer 20, and the belt layer 24 excluding the reinforcing member 22 are made of hood cloth, and are formed in a bag shape by sewing beforehand. However, since it is made of cloth, it can be folded even after sewing.

  For this reason, the number of molds 26 necessary for the revetment block laying work in a river or the like can be manufactured and transported to the site in a folded state.

  In addition, the formwork 26 is a woven fabric, and the weaving method makes fine joints so that at least raw concrete (concrete before hardening) does not ooze out. Preferably, waterproofing is performed.

  FIG. 2 shows a state in which the mold 26 is unfolded to form a three-dimensional structure, and a state before the concrete 12 (see FIG. 1) is poured.

  Between the inner wall layer 16 and the outer wall layer 18, a belt-like member 28 is stretched. This belt-like member 28 is also made of hood cloth, and is sewn on each of the inner wall layer 16 and the outer wall layer 18. The band-like member 28 extends radially from the inner wall layer 16 to the outer wall layer 18 at a substantially uniform angle (about 45 °) in plan view. Further, when viewed from the side, it has a two-upper structure at the same plan view position. The angle is also appropriately determined by the number of strip members.

  When the uncured concrete 12 (see FIG. 1) is poured, the band-shaped member 28 is buried in the concrete 12, but is tensioned by the pressure applied by the concrete 12 to the outer wall layer 18 before curing. It has the role of maintaining the distance from the inner wall layer 16. Due to the tension of the belt-like member 28, the deformation of the outer wall layer 18 is suppressed until the concrete 12 is hardened.

  Further, before the concrete 12 is poured, a vinyl chloride pipe 30 that is a cylindrical body is inserted inside the inner wall layer 16 and is erected at the center.

  The vinyl chloride pipe 30 prevents the inner wall layer 16 from being crushed by the poured concrete 12, and can maintain the inner wall layer 16 as a base.

  Further, a wire 32 is stretched between the peripheral edge of the upper end portion 30A of the vinyl chloride pipe 30 and the upper end portion 18A of the outer wall layer 18. The wire 32 also has an auxiliary function of maintaining the pressure of the outer wall layer 18 from the concrete 12 by the strip member 28.

  When the above preparation (three-dimensional formation of the hood cloth formwork 26, insertion of the vinyl chloride pipe 30 into the inner wall layer 16, and hooking of the wire 32 to the outer wall layer 18) is completed, The concrete 12) is poured into the space between the inner wall layer 16, the outer wall layer 18 and the floor bottom layer 20.

  The operation of this embodiment will be described below. The manufacturing procedure of the revetment block 10 is demonstrated according to FIG.3 and FIG.4. FIG. 3A shows a state in which the inner wall layer 16 and the outer wall layer 18 of the folded mold 26 are erected, and the inner wall layer 16 and the outer wall layer 18 are in a state in which the belt-like member 28 is tensioned in this state. The distance between is determined. In FIG. 3A, the three-dimensional shape is maintained, but it is actually made of hood cloth and cannot be maintained in this state.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 3B, a vinyl chloride pipe 30 is inserted and erected inside the inner wall layer 16. The insertion of the vinyl chloride pipe 30 maintains the cylindrical shape of the inner wall layer 16. Although the outer wall layer 18 is erected in the state shown in FIG. 3B, the outer wall layer 18 cannot actually stand by itself in this state.

  In FIG. 4A, the reinforcing member 22 is loaded on the outer wall layer 18. The reinforcing member 22 is inserted between the outer wall layer 18 and the belt layer 24 to complete the loading. By loading the reinforcing member, the outer wall layer 18 can stand on its own.

  Finally, as shown in FIG. 4B, a plurality of wire rods 32 are stretched over the vinyl chloride pipe 30 between the upper end portion 30 </ b> A and the upper end portion 18 </ b> A of the outer wall layer 18. This span can be hooked by attaching hooks or the like to both ends of the wire 32.

  The length dimension of the wire rod 32 is set so that the outer wall layer 18 is erected substantially in the vertical direction when the hooking is completed. This dimension setting can be easily set to a desired dimension, for example, if the hook mounting position can be adjusted as described above.

  In this state of FIG. 4B, the ready-mixed concrete (concrete 12 before hardening) is poured. Due to the pouring of the concrete 12, pressure is applied from the concrete 12 to the inner wall layer 16 and the outer wall layer 18.

  At this time, since the vinyl chloride pipe 30 is inserted, the inner wall layer 16 is not crushed any more, and the current cylindrical shape is maintained.

  On the other hand, the outer wall layer 18 can withstand the pressure of the concrete 12 and maintain the state shown in FIG. 4B when the belt-like member 28 is stretched and the wire 32 is tensioned.

  After the poured concrete 12 is hardened, the wire 32 is removed, and the vinyl chloride pipe 30 is removed, and a finished product of the revetment block 10 (see FIG. 1) is obtained.

  In the finished bank protection block 10, the belt-like member 28 is buried in the concrete 12. Moreover, since the reinforcement member 22 is palm fiber, it can become a habitat for vegetation and fish school by laying in the river as the revetment block 10.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the folded formwork 26 is transported to the revetment block laying construction site such as a river by the required number of the revetment blocks 10 and folded at the site by hood cloth. After the formwork is three-dimensionalized and subjected to predetermined reinforcement (insertion of vinyl chloride 30, hooking of the wire 32, etc.), the concrete 12 is cured according to the formwork in order to pour the ready-mixed concrete (pre-hardened concrete 12). Thereafter, by removing the vinyl chloride 30 and the wire 32 (the formwork 26 remains as it is), the revetment block 10 can be completed.
In this embodiment, the hood cloth is used as the material of the formwork. The reason is that the hood cloth is waterproof and superior in strength to other cloth materials and natural. This is because when the material is corroded due to aging, it does not leak harmful substances. Another material may be used as long as the predetermined strength is maintained, waterproof, and foldable. In addition, depending on environmental conditions, inorganic fibers, organic fibers, and the like are not limited, and it is only necessary to provide the necessary minimum functions independently or by secondary processing.

It is a revetment block concerning this embodiment, (A) is a top view and (B) is a side sectional view. It is a formwork when it expands three-dimensionally concerning this embodiment, (A) is a top view and (B) is a side sectional view. The first half of the manufacturing procedure of the bank protection block which concerns on this Embodiment is shown, (A) is the three-dimensional expansion | deployment state of a formwork, (B) is a perspective view which shows the vinyl chloride insertion state to an inner wall layer. The latter half of the manufacturing procedure of the revetment block which concerns on this Embodiment is shown, (A) is the reinforcement member loading state to an outer wall layer, (B) is the state of hooking of the wire between a vinyl chloride pipe and an outer wall layer. It is a perspective view shown.

Explanation of symbols

10 Revetment Block (Block Mat)
12 Concrete 14 Circular hole 16 Inner wall layer (base)
18 Outer wall layer (surface layer)
18A upper end 20 floor bottom layer 22 reinforcing plate (reinforcing member)
24 Belt layer 26 Formwork (formwork member)
28 Band-shaped member (holding part)
30 PVC pipe (cylinder)
30A Upper end 32 Wire rod

Claims (10)

A block mat mold having a mold member formed of a foldable material,
The mold member is
An inner wall layer forming an opening into which the cylindrical body can be inserted;
An outer wall layer configured to surround an outer periphery of the inner wall layer;
A bottom formed from the lower end of the inner wall layer to the lower end of the outer wall layer so that a space for pouring concrete is formed;
A holding portion spanned between the inner wall layer and the outer wall layer in the space,
The inner wall layer is configured to be erected by inserting the cylindrical body into the opening,
Block mat formwork.   The block mat formwork of Claim 1 further provided with the plate-shaped reinforcement member attached to the said outer wall layer.   The block mat mold according to claim 2, wherein the reinforcing member is a natural material.   The formwork for block mats according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the formwork member is made of a cloth that is waterproofed on at least a surface that contacts the concrete.   The block mat formwork according to claim 4, wherein the cloth type is a hood cloth. In a state where the cylindrical body is inserted into the opening, includes a plurality of wires that are stretched between the upper end portion of the outer wall layer and the upper end of the tubular body, any one of claims 1 to 5 Form for block mat as described. A block mat using a formwork member formed of a foldable material,
The mold member is
An inner wall layer forming an opening into which the cylindrical body can be inserted;
An outer wall layer configured to surround an outer periphery of the inner wall layer;
A bottom formed from the lower end of the inner wall layer to the lower end of the outer wall layer so that a space for pouring concrete is formed;
A holding portion spanned between the inner wall layer and the outer wall layer in the space,
The inner wall layer is configured to be erected by inserting the cylindrical body into the opening,
The concrete before being hardened is poured into the space in a state where a cylinder is inserted into the opening, and the concrete is hardened,
Block mat. A block mat manufacturing method for manufacturing a block mat using a formwork member formed of a foldable material,
From the lower end of the inner wall layer, an inner wall layer that forms an opening into which the cylindrical body can be inserted, an outer wall layer configured to surround the outer periphery of the inner wall layer, and a space for pouring concrete is formed. A first step of unfolding a formwork member including a bottom portion formed at a lower end of the outer wall layer and a holding portion spanned between the inner wall layer and the outer wall layer in the space from a folded state; ,
A second step of inserting the cylindrical body into the opening and standing the inner wall layer;
A third step of attaching a reinforcing member along the outer wall layer and erecting the outer wall layer;
A fourth step of spanning a plurality of wires between the upper end portion of the cylindrical body and the upper end portion of the outer wall layer;
A fifth step of pouring concrete before hardening into the space between the inner wall layer and the outer wall layer;
A sixth step of removing the cylindrical body and the plurality of wires after the poured concrete has hardened;
A method for manufacturing a block mat.   The cylindrical body is a vinyl chloride pipe that resists the pressure caused by the poured concrete applied to the inner wall layer and supports the pressure caused by the poured concrete applied to the outer wall layer via the plurality of wires. The method for producing a block mat according to claim 8.   The block mat manufacturing method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the reinforcing member is a plate-like natural material.

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