JP4652070B2 - Electric discharge crushing method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a discharge crushing method using a plurality of electrodes of a discharge crushing apparatus.

  An electric discharge crushing method using an electric discharge crusher is known for crushing destruction objects such as rocks and concrete. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, an electrolytic solution filling hole 61 is formed in the destruction target 60 in advance, and an electrolytic solution 63 such as water is filled in the electrolytic solution filling hole 61, and a discharge crushing device is placed in the electrolytic solution 63. A 50 A electrode 70 is inserted, and a large current pulse is applied to the electrode 70 to cause discharge. Since the electrolytic solution 63 is turned into plasma by the discharge energy and generates a pressure wave, the destruction target 60 is crushed by crushing the periphery of the electrolytic solution filling hole 61 with the pressure wave. The discharge crushing device 50A is connected to a pulse power source 80 as a discharge control device constituted by a circuit including a capacitor 82 and a switch 83; 84 having a large capacity (for example, about 500 kJ), and one pole 82a of the capacitor 82. And a power supply unit 81 such as a generator connected to the other pole 82b of the capacitor 82 via the switch 83, one electrode connected to one pole 82a of the capacitor 82, and the other pole 82b of the capacitor 82. The other electrode connected via the switch 84, and the electrode 70 formed with the insulator which insulates these one electrode and the other electrode are provided. The electrode 70 and the pulse power source 80 are connected by a coaxial cable 71 and a connector part 72 as electric wires. Although not shown, the circuit of the pulse power source 80 is grounded.

  As shown in FIG. 7; FIG. 8, the electrode 70 is, for example, an inner conductor shaft 73 as one electrode, a cylindrical insulator 74 that covers the outer periphery of the inner conductor shaft 73, and an outer periphery of the cylindrical insulator 74. The outer conductor 75 is provided. The outer conductor 75 is formed by a plurality of outer conductor constituting bodies 76 provided at intervals in a direction along the axis of the inner conductor shaft 73. A distal-end-side discharge gap 77 that generates a discharge between the distal end portion 73t of the inner conductor shaft 73 that protrudes from the distal end 74t of the cylindrical insulator 74 and the distal end portion 76t of the external conductor constituting body 76 that is closest to the distal end portion 73t. An intermediate discharge gap 78 is formed, and discharge is generated between the end portion 76s and the end portion 76s of the opposing outer conductor structure 76. A plurality of intermediate discharge gaps 78 are formed.

  After the electrode 84 is inserted into the electrolyte solution 63 in the electrolyte solution filling hole 61 of the object 60 to be destroyed while the switch 84 and the switch 83 are in a non-conductive state, the switch 83 is turned on to connect the capacitor 82 to the capacitor 82 from the power supply unit 81. Accumulate charge. Then, when the switch 84 is turned on and the electric charge stored in the capacitor 82 is applied to the electrode 70, a discharge is generated in the front end side discharge gap 77, and the electrolytic solution 63 is turned into plasma by this discharge energy to generate a pressure wave. Similarly, discharge is generated in the plurality of intermediate discharge gaps 78, and the electrolytic solution 63 is turned into plasma by this discharge energy to generate pressure waves. The destruction target 60 is crushed by these pressure waves.

  The electrode 70 having the discharge gaps 77 and 78 and a pulse power source 80 as a discharge control device are connected via a connector portion 72. The connector 72 has a cable-side connector (not shown) provided at the other end of the coaxial cable 71 connected at one end to the pulse power source 80 and an electrode-side connector (not shown) provided at the rear end of the electrode 70. Connected and configured. By this connector portion 72, the inner conductor shaft 73 that forms the positive electrode of the electrode 70 and the positive electric wire in the coaxial cable 71 are electrically connected, and the outer conductor 75 that forms the negative electrode of the electrode 70 and the negative electrode in the coaxial cable 71. The electric wire is electrically connected.

By the way, in order to completely crush destruction objects such as relatively large rocks, a plurality of electrolyte filling holes 61 are formed in the destruction object 60 as a plurality of discharge crushing object locations, and a plurality of electrolytes 63 are filled. It is necessary to perform discharge crushing using the electrode 70 in the electrolyte solution filling hole 61. In this case, for example, the electrode 70 is installed in the electrolyte solution filling hole 61 located farthest from the pulse power source 80, and the electrode 70 and the pulse power source 80 are connected by a coaxial cable 71 having a length that can be electrically connected. It is conceivable to connect and move one electrode 70 between the plurality of electrolyte solution filling holes 61 and perform discharge crushing at the plurality of electrolyte solution filling holes 61. It is also conceivable that the pulse power source 80 and the power supply unit 81 are moved so that one electrode 70 is moved between the plurality of electrolyte solution filling holes 61 and discharge crushing is performed in the plurality of electrolyte solution filling holes 61. However, in these methods, the electrode 70, or the electrode 70 and the pulse power source 80 or the power supply unit 81 must be moved every time the discharge crushing operation in one electrolyte filling hole 61 is completed. It takes a lot of labor and time, and the destruction target 60 cannot be efficiently crushed.
JP 2003-31175 A JP 2003-320268 A

  The problem to be solved by the invention is that, in the conventional electric discharge crushing method, it takes a lot of labor and time in the crushing work of the destruction target object that needs to be crushed with respect to a plurality of electric discharge crushing target locations. It is a point that an object cannot be crushed efficiently.

In the present invention, a discharge wave is generated by applying discharge energy to an electrolytic solution provided on the inner side of an object to be destroyed through an electrode to turn the electrolyte into plasma, and the pressure wave causes the electric discharge to break the object to be destroyed. In a discharge crushing method using a crushing device, as a discharge crushing device, a plurality of electrodes, a discharge control device for supplying electric power to the electrodes to cause discharge in the electrodes, and a connection for connecting one electrode and the discharge control device It used after a device, as a connection device, with which the electric wires from the discharge control device for the electric connection portions and having electrical connections of the connected connectors with wires to the electrodes are connected, broken One electrode is arranged in advance in each of the plurality of electrolyte solution filling holes formed in the object, and one electrode connector is connected to the electrical connection portion of the connection device. Break by causing the electrode to discharge The operation of discharging and crushing the object and the operation of removing the connector of the one electrode from the electrical connection portion of the connecting device after the discharge crushing by the one electrode are sequentially performed for each electrode .

  According to the present invention, by switching the electrode connector connected to the electrical connection portion of the connection device, it is possible to cause the discharge crushing one after another with the electrodes arranged in different crushing target locations of the destruction target, A relatively large destruction object can be efficiently crushed.

  1 shows an electric discharge crushing method according to the embodiment, FIG. 2 shows an electric discharge crushing device, FIG. 3 shows an internal structure of the connection device, and FIG. 4 shows a connecting operation of a connector to an electrical connection portion of the connection device. . In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to FIG. 7 which shows a conventional apparatus, or an equivalent part.

  First, the electric discharge crushing apparatus used for the electric discharge crushing method by embodiment is demonstrated with FIGS. Reference numeral 1 denotes an electrode, 2 denotes a connecting device for connecting the electrode 1 and a pulse power source 80 as a discharge control device, and 3; 4 denotes a connector formed by a flat conductor connected to the connecting device 2. The electrode 1 is formed of, for example, an inner conductor shaft 73, a cylindrical insulator 74 that covers the outer periphery of the inner conductor shaft 73, and an outer conductor 75 provided on the outer periphery of the cylindrical insulator 74 as in FIG. The The inner conductor shaft 73 as the positive electrode of the electrode 1 and the positive electrode connector 3 are connected to each other through the electric wire 5, and the outer conductor 75 as the negative electrode of the electrode 1 and the negative electrode connector 4 are connected to each other through the electric wire 6. The The electric wires 5; 6 are covered electric wires in which the conductor core wire is covered with an insulator. The connectors 3; 4 are electrically connected to one end side of the wires 5; 6, and the wires 5; 6 cannot be attached to or detached from the connectors 3; The other end side of the electric wires 5; 6 is electrically connected to the electrode 1 via the connectors 7; 8, and the electric wires 5; 6 and the electrode 1 can be attached and detached by the connectors 7; 8. That is, the connector 7 is composed of a wire side connector 7a to which the conductor core wire of the wire 5 is connected and an electrode side connector 7b to which the internal conductor shaft 73 which is the positive electrode of the electrode 1 is connected. In this configuration, the conductor core wire and the internal conductor shaft 73 that is the positive electrode of the electrode 1 can be electrically connected and separated. The connector 8 includes a wire-side connector 8a to which the conductor core wire of the electric wire 6 is connected and an electrode-side connector 8b to which the outer conductor 75 which is the negative electrode of the electrode 1 is connected. The connector 8a; The external conductor 75 which is the negative electrode of the electrode 1 can be electrically connected and separated.

  The connection device 2 includes an electrical connection unit 10. The electrical connection unit 10 includes a positive electrode electrical connection unit 11 to which the positive electrode connector 3 is connected and a negative electrode electrical connection unit 12 to which the negative electrode connector 4 is connected. The positive electrode electrical connection portion 11 includes a clamping portion 13 that sandwiches the positive electrode connector 3 and maintains electrical contact with the positive electrode connector 3. The negative electrode electrical connecting portion 12 also has a similar clamping portion 14. The sandwiching portions 13 and 14 include a conductor fixing plate 15, a movable plate 16 facing the conductor fixing plate 15, and connectors 3 and 4 inserted between the conductor fixing plate 15 and the movable plate 16. And a spring body 17 as an elastic means for applying an urging force in the direction of pressing to the movable plate 16.

  A positive wire 21 of a power cable 20 from a pulse power source 80 serving as a discharge control device is connected to a conductor fixing plate 15 to which the positive electrode connector 3 comes into contact via connection conductors 22 and 23, and a negative electrode connector 4 is connected to the positive electrode connector 3. The negative electrode wire 25 of the power cable 20 from the pulse power source 80 is connected to the conductor fixing plate 15 in contact via the connection conductors 26 and 27. In the power cable 20, the outer periphery of the conductor core wire that forms the positive electrode wire 21 is covered with an insulator 28, and the mesh conductor wire that forms the negative electrode wire 25 of the power cable 20 is provided on the outer periphery of the insulator 28. This is a coaxial cable having a structure in which the outer periphery of the wire 25 is covered with an insulator. The pulse power source 80 and the power supply unit 81 are electrically connected by a power cable 85, and power from the power supply unit 81 is supplied to the pulse power source 80.

  The housing 30 </ b> A of the connection device 2 includes an insulating box 31 that is open at the top, in which the electrical connection unit 10 and the connection unit 30 of the power cable 20 are accommodated, and an insulating inner lid 32 that covers the connection cable 30. The upper part of the insulating box 31 is closed, and the insulating upper cover 33 is formed to cover the connectors 3 and 4 connected to the electrical connection part 10. The insulating box 31 includes a bottom plate 34, one end wall 36 that is a wall on the side where the power cable insertion hole 35 is formed, another end wall 37 that is a wall opposite to the one end wall 36, and one end wall 36. It is a rectangular box with an open top formed with both side walls 38; 39, which are walls that connect the end with the other end wall 37. The electrical connection portion 10 and the connection portion 30 of the power cable 20 are separated by a partition plate 40 that is parallel to the one end wall 36 and the other end wall 37 and is provided at a substantially intermediate position between the one end wall 36 and the other end wall 37. It has been. The positive electrode connecting portion 11 and the negative electrode connecting portion 12 of the electrical connecting portion 10 are partitioned by a partition plate 41 provided so as to face the both side walls 38; The The conductor fixing plates 15; 15 are provided inside the side walls 38; 39 of the insulating box 31, and the movable bodies 16; 16 are provided on the partition plate 41 side. A spring body 17 is provided between the movable plate 16; 16 and the partition plate 41, and the spring body 17 as an elastic means biases the movable plate 16 toward the conductor fixing plate 15.

  As shown in FIG. 4 (a), the distance between the movable plate 16 and the conductor fixing plate 15 in the state where the movable plate 16 is biased in the direction of the conductor fixing plate 15 by the spring body 17 is the connector 3; It is maintained at a size smaller than the plate thickness. Therefore, for example, when the positive connector 3 is press-fitted between the movable plate 16 and the conductor fixing plate 15, the spring body 17 biases the movable plate 16 toward the conductor fixing plate 15 by the press-fitting of the connector 3. Thus, the electrical contact between the connector 3 and the conductor fixing plate 15 is maintained (see FIG. 4B). The negative electrode connector 4 is similarly connected. Therefore, the electrical contact state between the connectors 3; 4 and the conductor fixing plates 15; 15 is reliably maintained, and the highly reliable electrical connection portion 10 can be realized. Further, the connection switching operation of the connectors 3; 4 with respect to the electrical connection portion 10 can be easily performed.

  In addition, an insulating upper lid 33 is covered to cover the connectors 3; 4 press-fitted between the conductor fixing plate 15 and the movable plate 16. Further, the connection portion 30 of the power cable 20 is covered with an insulating inner lid 32. Therefore, since the electrical connection portion 10 and the connection portion 30 of the power cable 20 are reliably insulated from the outside by the insulating box 31; the insulation middle lid 32; the insulation upper lid 33, a highly safe connection device is realized.

  The discharge crushing method according to the embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The power supply unit 81, the pulse power source 80, and the connection device 2 are installed at predetermined positions. Then, a plurality of electrode structures 1A are prepared in which the connection device 2, the electrode 1 and the electric wire 5; 6 connected to the electrode 1; and the connector 3; 4 connected to the electric wire 5; The length of the electric wires 5; 6 of the electrode assembly 1A is determined in consideration of the distance between the electrolyte filling hole 61 and the connection device 2, and the connector 3; 4 in a state where the electrode 1 is installed in the electrolyte filling hole 61. Is set to a length that can be connected to the electrical connection portion 10. Then, one electrode 1 is arranged in advance in each of the plurality of electrolyte solution filling holes 61, and the connectors 3; 4 of the first electrode 1 a (1) are connected to the electrical connection portion of the connection device 2. 10 is connected to 10 and discharge crushing is performed by the first electrode 1a (1). When the electric discharge crushing at the first electrode 1 a (1) is finished, the connectors 3; 4 of the first electrode 1 a (1) are removed from the electrical connection portion 10 of the connection device 2, and the electrical connection portion 10 is removed. The connectors 3; 4 of the second electrode 1b (1) are connected, and discharge crushing is performed with the second electrode 1b (1). Thereafter, similarly, the third electrode 1c (1), the fourth electrode 1d (1),... As described above, it is possible to cause discharge crushing one after another with the plurality of electrodes 1 by simply switching the connectors 3 and 4, and the fracture target object 60 such as a relatively large bedrock can be efficiently crushed.

  The sandwiching portions 13; 14 may be configured as shown in FIG. That is, the sandwiching portions 13; 14 are configured by the leaf springs 47 formed in a concave shape in which the distance between the upper openings 45 corresponds to the plate thickness of the connectors 3; Such a sandwiching portion 13; 14 can also realize a highly reliable electrical connection portion 10 and can easily and easily switch the connection of the connectors 3; 4 to the electrical connection portion 10.

  As shown in FIG. 3; FIG. 5, by forming the tip of the lower end of the connector 3; 4 into an inverted triangular shape having a sharp cross section, the connector 3; 4 is connected to the sandwiching portion 13; 14 from above the clamping portion 13; It becomes easy to insert and contributes to facilitating and smoothing of the connecting work of the connectors 3; 4 to the holding portions 13;

  As shown in FIG. 6, the electrode 1 including a cartridge 50 that is a storage body that stores the discharge gaps 77 and 78 and is filled with the electrolytic solution 63 may be used. Depending on the destruction target 60, even when the electrolyte filling hole 61 is filled with the electrolytic solution 63, it may penetrate into the destruction target 60 and be unable to hold the electrolytic solution 63 in the electrolyte filling hole 61. In such a case, the electrode 1 with the cartridge 50 is used to insert the electrode with the cartridge 50 into the electrolyte filling hole 61 of the object 60 to be destroyed while the cartridge 50 is filled with the electrolyte 63. The target object 60 can be crushed by discharging. The cartridge 50 is a container made of rubber, plastic or the like, has a sealing port 51 in contact with the outer periphery of the electrode 1 at the top, and has an electrolyte solution 63 and discharge gaps 77 and 78 inside. After that, the sealing port 51 is used after being adhered to the outer periphery of the electrode 1 with an adhesive or the like.

  Only one discharge gap may be provided on at least the tip side of the electrode. For example, an electrode is used in which the ends of the positive and negative wires provided in parallel via an insulator are slightly protruded from the tip of the insulator and a discharge gap is formed between the protruding positive and negative electrode wires. May be.

  Since the connector 7; 8 that enables the electrode 1 and the electric wires 5; 6 to be electrically connected to and separated from each other is provided, the electric wires 5; 6 are exchanged according to the distance between the electrolyte filling hole 61 and the connection device 2 Thus, the length of the electric wires 5; 6 can be easily changed.

  In the above description, the connectors 3; 4 are connected to the electrical connection portions 11; 12 from the top of the insulating box 31. However, the connectors 3; 4 are connected to the electrical connection portions 11; 12 from the side of the insulation box 31. It is good also as a structure to connect.

  The connectors 3; 4 may be formed of, for example, a rod-shaped conductor instead of a flat plate. In this case, the electrical connection portions 11 and 12 may be configured to reliably maintain electrical contact with the connector according to the shape of the connector.

  In the above, the positive electrode connector 3 and the negative electrode connector 4 are physically separated, but instead of the electric wires 5; 6, a coaxial cable having a positive electrode conductor and a negative electrode conductor is used instead of the electric wires 5; The electrical connection portion 10 of the connection device 2 may be a connection portion such as a connector structure that can connect the positive electrode conductor and the negative electrode conductor of the coaxial cable in an insulated state.

The figure which shows the electric discharge crushing method by embodiment of this invention. The perspective view which shows the electric discharge crushing apparatus used for the crushing work method of embodiment. The internal block diagram of the connection apparatus of a discharge crushing apparatus. The figure which shows the connection operation | movement of the connector with respect to the electrical connection part of a connection apparatus. Sectional drawing which shows the clamping part by another example. The figure which shows the electrode provided with the cartridge by another example. The figure which shows the conventional electric discharge crushing apparatus. It is a figure which shows the electrode of the conventional electric discharge crushing apparatus, (a) is an enlarged view of the front-end | tip part of an electrode, (b) is a BB end surface figure of (a).

Explanation of symbols

1 electrode, 2 connection device, 3 positive electrode connector (connector),
4 Negative electrode connector (connector), 5; 6 electric wire, 7; 8 connector,
10 Electrical connection, 20 Power cable (electric wire), 60 Object to be destroyed,
80 Pulse power source (discharge controller).

Claims (1)

A discharge crushing device is used to generate pressure waves by applying discharge energy to the electrolyte provided inside the object to be destroyed through the electrodes and turning the electrolyte into plasma, and crush the object to be destroyed with this pressure wave. In the conventional electric discharge crushing method, the electric discharge crushing device includes a plurality of electrodes, a discharge control device that supplies electric power to the electrodes to cause discharge to the electrodes, and a connection device that connects the one electrode and the discharge control device. As a connection device, a connection device that has an electrical connection portion of a connector connected to an electrode by an electric wire and that has an electric connection portion connected to an electric wire from a discharge control device is formed on an object to be destroyed. One electrode is arranged in advance in each of the plurality of electrolyte solution filling holes, and one electrode connector is connected to the electrical connection portion of the connection device to discharge the one electrode. Let it happen and release the destruction object Discharging characterized in that the work of electrocrushing and the work of removing the connector of the one electrode from the electrical connection part of the connecting device after the completion of the electric discharge crushing by the one electrode are sequentially performed for each electrode. Crushing method.

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