JP4647961B2 - Rotor connection method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotor connection method, and more particularly to a method of connecting a commutator and an armature winding.

  A rotating machine such as a generator or an electric motor mechanically includes a rotor, a stator, and a bearing as main parts, and electrically includes a field, an armature, a commutator, and a brush as main parts. In general, a rotor is provided with a cylindrical armature and a commutator, and a stator and a stator facing the rotor are provided with a field and a brush. The armature is formed by mounting a large number of coils constituting the armature winding on the surface of the armature core. The commutator has a large number of commutator pieces arranged in a circumferential direction with an insulating plate interposed therebetween, and forms a current path between the rotating part and the stationary part by sliding contact with the brush on the stator side.

  In order to assemble the rotor, a step of connecting or connecting a coil of an armature winding to each commutator piece of the commutator is required. Conventionally, fusing processing has been used for this connection process. In this type of fusing process, the end of each coil is connected to the terminal portion of each commutator piece by thermal caulking using Joule heat and applied pressure to obtain mechanical joining.

  However, the fusing process requires not only a large fusing machine with a current-carrying electrode and a pressurizing mechanism like a resistance welder, but also a mechanical strength by caulking, so that the joining strength In addition, there is a problem that reliability of electrical characteristics is low.

  The present invention has been made in view of the problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a rotor connection method for stably and surely connecting a coil of an armature winding to a commutator by fusion bonding.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a simple and efficient rotor connection method for connecting a coil of an armature winding to a commutator by fusion bonding.

In order to achieve the above object, the rotor connection method of the present invention is a rotor connection method for connecting a commutator and an armature winding, and each commutation made of copper or a copper alloy constituting the commutator. The terminal of each coil made of copper or copper alloy constituting the armature winding is fitted into the groove of the terminal portion of the child piece so that the end surface thereof is flush with one side surface of the terminal portion of the commutator piece, and the rectification by irradiating a YAG harmonic pulse laser light from a position facing the end surface of the coil terminal with the terminal and the terminal are in contact with portions of said coil child piece having a variable pulse width, the YAG harmonic pulse welding the terminals of the coil and terminal portions of the commutator segments and more in the contact portion to the energy of the laser beam.

According to the rotor connection method of the present invention, the terminal of each coil constituting the armature winding made of copper or copper alloy is welded by laser to the terminal portion of each commutator piece made of copper or copper alloy constituting the commutator. . According to the present invention, the terminal of the commutator piece is fitted in the groove of the terminal part of the commutator piece so that the end face of the coil is fitted with one side surface of the terminal part of the commutator piece. YAG harmonic pulse laser light having a variable pulse width is irradiated from the position facing the end face of the coil terminal to the part where the part and the coil come into contact. Then, the contact portion of the commutator piece irradiated with the YAG harmonic pulse laser beam and the contact portion of the coil end absorbs the energy of the YAG harmonic with a high absorption rate and melts rapidly, and the inner end from the end surface of the coil end A joint portion of spot welding (joint welding) is formed toward the back. It is easy to form the joint welds at a plurality of locations, and seam welding in which the joint welds are continuous is also possible. Such a joint weld provides the majority of the mechanical strength and also ensures the reliability of the electrical connection. As described above, it is possible to efficiently realize highly reliable fusion bonding both mechanically and electrically.

  In the present invention, as the YAG harmonic, a YAG second harmonic having a wavelength of 532 nm is sufficient for practical use. According to a preferred aspect, a pulse laser beam having a YAG fundamental wave having a variable pulse width of 1064 nm and having a variable pulse width is generated by an Nd: YAG laser, and the pulse laser beam having the YAG fundamental wave is incident on the KTP crystal. A YAG second harmonic pulse laser beam is generated by nonlinear interaction between the YAG fundamental wave pulse laser beam and the YAG fundamental wave.

  According to the rotor connection method of the present invention, the armature winding coil can be stably and surely connected to the commutator by fusion bonding by the above-described configuration and operation, and further, simple and efficient melting. Bonding can also be realized.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  1 to 5 show an embodiment of a rotor connection method according to the present invention. 1 is an overall perspective view, FIGS. 2 and 3 are perspective views of essential parts, FIG. 4 is a transverse sectional view of essential parts, and FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of essential parts.

  As shown in FIG. 1, in order to assemble a rotor, a cylindrical armature core 12 and a commutator 14 are fixed to a shaft 10 side by side (adjacently). In a slot extending in the axial direction formed on the outer peripheral surface of the armature core 12, a large number of die-wound coils 16 constituting an armature winding are mounted in a drum shape. The coil 16 is made of copper or a copper alloy, has a rectangular or circular cross section, and may be either a bare wire or an insulation-coated wire. The commutator 14 is composed of a large number of commutator pieces 18 arranged closely in the circumferential direction with an insulating plate (for example, mica plate) 17 interposed therebetween. Each commutator piece 18 is made of copper or a copper alloy, and as shown in FIG. 2, a brush contact portion 20 extending in the axial direction and a terminal portion extending radially outward from one end portion of the brush contact portion 20 ( Ear portion) 22. A groove or recess 22a is formed on the distal end surface of the terminal portion 22 by cutting it inward in the radial direction.

  In order to complete the assembly of the rotor as described above, the coil 16 of the armature winding is connected to or connected to the commutator 14. For this connection, as a first step, the coil terminals 16i at the open ends of the coils 16 protruding from the slots of the armature core 12 to the commutator 14 side are connected to the terminals of the commutator piece 18 corresponding to the coils. The coil terminal 16j of the predetermined other coil 16 is fitted into the groove 22a of the portion 22 so as to overlap vertically (FIGS. 2 and 3).

  Next, as a second step, from the laser emitting unit 30 disposed in front of the commutator as viewed from the rotor, toward the connection portion, more specifically, the terminal portion 22 of the commutator piece 18 and the coil terminals 16i, 16j. The laser beam LB is irradiated toward the portion CN in contact with (FIG. 1, FIG. 3, FIG. 4). The laser emitting unit 30 in this embodiment emits YAG second harmonic pulse laser light (green light) having a wavelength of 532 nm as the laser light LB. In the contact portion CN irradiated with the YAG second harmonic pulse laser beam LB, both the terminal portion 22 of the commutator piece 18 and the coil terminals 16i and 16j absorb the laser energy of the YAG second harmonic with a high absorption rate. It absorbs and melts rapidly to form a joint W for spot welding (joint welding) (FIGS. 4 and 5). Even if the coil 16 is a covered wire, the insulating film is also melted by the heat of melting the terminal portion 22 and the coil terminals 16i and 16j.

  More specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the joint weld W is formed from the end surface of the coil terminals 16 i and 16 j in the portion CN where the terminal part 22 of the commutator piece 18 and the coil terminals 16 i and 16 j are in contact. It is formed toward the back. As shown in FIG. 5, joint welds W may be formed at a plurality of locations (five locations in the illustrated example) at an appropriate interval in the contact portion CN, and further, a seam weld that makes the joint welds continuous. Is also possible. Further, the joint welded portion W may be formed by irradiating the contact portion between the coil terminals 16i and 16j with the laser beam LB in the same manner as described above.

  A portion or a region where the joint weld W is not formed in the contact portion CN is in a pressure contact state, so that a certain degree of mechanical coupling force is obtained, and when the coil 16 is a bare wire, an electrical connection is obtained. A connection is also obtained. However, most of the mechanical joint strength is obtained at the joint weld W, and the reliability of the electrical connection is also guaranteed at the joint weld W.

  Note that a mechanism (for example, an XY table mechanism, a θ rotation mechanism, or the like) for moving a machining point or a welding point between the laser emission unit 30 and the workpiece (rotor) may be used.

  As described above, in this embodiment, the YAG second having a wavelength of 532 nm is applied to the portion CN where the terminal portion 22 of the commutator piece 18 made of copper or a copper alloy and the terminals 16i and 16j of the armature coil 16 are in contact with each other. It is important to irradiate harmonic pulse laser light (green light) LB. As described later, since the copper-based metal absorbs the laser energy of the YAG second harmonic with a high absorptance, the YAG second harmonic pulse laser beam LB having an appropriate laser output and pulse width is irradiated. In addition, it is possible to efficiently realize highly reliable fusion bonding both mechanically and electrically in the copper connection portion or the contact portion CN. In addition, unlike the fusing process, it is not necessary to apply an electrode or apply pressure to the connection portion, and the rotor connection operation can be performed easily and in a short time.

  Here, with reference to FIGS. 6 to 10, the laser technology of the present invention, which is the base of the rotor connection method in the above embodiment, will be described.

  FIG. 6 shows the wavelength absorption characteristics of Cu, Au, and Fe (iron). The fundamental wave (ω) of an Nd: YAG laser, which is a typical YAG laser, is 1064 nm. This YAG fundamental wave (ω) absorbs Fe relatively well, but Cu and Au absorb only a little. Therefore, if the YAG fundamental wave (ω) laser beam is used for connection between the terminal portion 22 of the commutator piece 18 and the terminals 16i and 16j of the armature coil 16 in the rotor connection as described above, the joint portion ( It is very difficult to input heat into the connection part), and if the laser power is forcibly increased, the connection part may be blown off, and stable and reliable welding is almost impossible. However, Cu and Au well absorb the harmonics of the YAG fundamental wave (ω), that is, the second harmonic (2ω: 532 nm), the third harmonic (3ω: 355 nm), the fourth harmonic (4ω: 266 nm), and the like. To do. For example, the absorption rate of Cu and Au with respect to the second harmonic (2ω: 532 nm) is 50% or more. In view of the fact that the absorption rate of Fe, which is said to absorb the YAG fundamental wave (ω) well, is 40% or less, it can be seen how high the absorption rate is. Practically, the second harmonic (2ω: 532 nm) is sufficient for laser welding of Cu or Au.

  FIG. 7 shows the configuration of a YAG laser device used in the rotor connection method of this embodiment. In this YAG laser device, a pair of termination mirrors 36 and 38, a solid-state laser active medium 40, a wavelength conversion crystal 42, a polarization element 44, and a harmonic separation output mirror 46 are arranged in a linear arrangement on a support base (not shown). is doing.

  Both end mirrors 36 and 38 face each other to form an optical resonator. The reflecting surface 36a of one terminal mirror 36 is coated with a film that is reflective to the fundamental wavelength (1064 nm). The reflective surface 38a of the other terminal mirror 38 is coated with a film reflective to the fundamental wavelength (1064 nm) and coated with a film reflective to the second harmonic (532 nm).

  The active medium 40 is made of, for example, an Nd: YAG rod, is disposed near one terminal mirror 36, and is optically pumped by an electro-optic excitation unit 48. The electro-optic excitation unit 48 has an excitation light source (for example, an excitation lamp or a laser diode) for generating excitation light toward the active medium 40, and this excitation light source is an excitation current (pulse current) from the laser power supply unit 50. In this way, the active medium 40 is pumped continuously or intermittently. The laser power supply unit 50 drives the electro-optical excitation unit 48 under the control unit 52. The light beam LA having the fundamental wavelength (1064 nm) thus generated in the active medium 40 is confined between the terminal mirrors 36 and 38 and amplified. In this way, a laser oscillator that generates a light beam of the fundamental wavelength (1064 nm) or the laser light LA is configured by the two end mirrors (optical resonators) 36 and 38, the active medium 40, and the electro-optical excitation unit 48.

  The polarizing element 44 is made of, for example, a polarizer or a Brewster plate, and has a predetermined oblique angle with respect to the optical path or the optical axis of the optical resonator so that the light beam having the fundamental wavelength from the active medium 40 is incident in a non-normal direction. Is arranged in. Of the light beam LA having the fundamental wavelength from the active medium 40, the P-polarized light passes through the polarizing element 44 and enters the wavelength conversion crystal 42, and the S-polarized light is reflected by the polarizing element 44 in a predetermined direction. It has become. Here, P-polarized light and S-polarized light are linearly polarized light components (electric field components) whose vibration directions are orthogonal to each other in a plane perpendicular to the traveling direction of the light beam having the fundamental wavelength. For example, P deflection is a linearly polarized component that oscillates in the vertical direction, and S deflection is a linearly polarized component that oscillates in the horizontal direction. Preferably, a polarizing filter characteristic is selected such that the P-polarized light transmittance is approximately 100% and the S-polarized light reflectance is approximately 100% at the fundamental wavelength (1064 nm).

The wavelength conversion crystal 42 is made of a nonlinear optical crystal such as a KTP (KTiOPO ₄ ) crystal or an LBO (LiB ₃ O ₅ ) crystal, and is disposed near the other end mirror 38 and is excited by this optical resonator. And a second harmonic (532 nm) light beam SHG (LB) is generated on the optical path of the optical resonator by a nonlinear optical action with the fundamental wavelength.

  The second harmonic light beam SHG emitted from the wavelength conversion crystal 42 toward the termination mirror 38 is returned by the termination mirror 38 and passes through the wavelength conversion crystal 42. The second harmonic light beam SHG (LB) emitted from the wavelength conversion crystal 42 to the opposite side of the terminal mirror 38 is disposed obliquely at a predetermined angle (for example, 45 °) with respect to the optical path or optical axis of the optical resonator. It is incident on the harmonic separation output mirror 46, and is reflected or separated and output in a predetermined direction by this mirror 46. The second harmonic light beam SHG (LB) separated and output from the harmonic separation output mirror 46 is directed to the incident unit 56 with the optical axis being bent by the vent mirror 54.

  The incident unit 56 has a built-in condensing lens 58, and the second harmonic light beam SHG (LB) from the vent mirror 54 is converged by the converging lens 58 and incident on one end surface (incident end surface) of the optical fiber 60. Let The optical fiber 60 transmits the second harmonic light beam SHG to the RAID output unit 34 (FIG. 1). The emission unit 34 has an optical lens for focusing the second harmonic light beam SHG (LB) emitted from the other end surface of the optical fiber 60 and irradiating the welding point of the objects to be joined (22, 16). Is provided.

In this YAG laser device, in order to perform power feedback control on the second harmonic light beam SHG, that is, the YAG second harmonic pulse laser light SHG, the YAG second harmonic pulse laser light SHG leaked behind the vent mirror 54. A light receiving element or photosensor 62 for receiving the leaked light M _SHG is disposed. The measurement circuit 64 generates an electrical signal (laser output measurement value signal) representing the laser output measurement value of the second harmonic pulse laser beam SHG based on the output signal of the photosensor 62. The control unit 52 compares the laser output measurement value signal from the measurement circuit 64 with a reference value or a reference waveform, and generates, for example, a pulse width modulation (PWM) control signal according to the comparison error. The laser power supply 50 controls the pulse width and current value of the excitation current supplied to the electro-optic excitation unit 48 by switching the switching element in accordance with the control signal from the control unit 52.

  FIG. 8 shows an example of the laser output waveform of the YAG second harmonic pulse laser beam SHG (LB) in this embodiment. As shown in the figure, laser power, pulse width, pulse waveform, etc. can be arbitrarily set and controlled by the power feedback method.

  FIG. 9 shows the basic principle of the wavelength conversion method used in this embodiment. In this wavelength conversion method, a nonlinear optical crystal cut to a type II phase matching angle is used as the wavelength conversion crystal 42, and wavelength conversion from a fundamental wave to a second harmonic is performed by type II phase matching. More specifically, the nonlinear optical crystal 42 is obtained by converting a fundamental (for example, 1064 nm) pulse laser beam generated by a solid-state pulse laser, for example, a YAG pulse laser (not shown), into the form of elliptically polarized light (preferably circularly polarized light) or randomly polarized light. To enter. Then, only the vertical polarization component and the horizontal polarization component of the fundamental wavelength in the incident light pass through the nonlinear optical crystal 42 as linearly polarized light. The nonlinear optical crystal 42 is optically coupled with the fundamental wave YAG pulse laser, and is a long-pulse second harmonic pulsed laser beam SHG (532 nm) that is linearly polarized in the same direction as the vertical polarization component of the fundamental wave light by the nonlinear optical effect. Is generated.

  However, in the wavelength conversion method as described above (FIG. 9), if the polarization distribution of the fundamental pulse laser beam is biased or anisotropic, the wavelength conversion efficiency decreases, and the second harmonic pulse laser beam SHG. The laser output may decrease or fluctuate. In particular, if the pumping (irradiation of excitation light) of the electro-optic excitation unit 48 with respect to the active medium 40 is not uniform, the polarization distribution of the fundamental pulse laser beam is biased or anisotropic.

  FIG. 10 shows a wavelength conversion method in this embodiment. In this wavelength conversion, the polarizing element 44 that transmits the P-polarized light of the fundamental wave and reflects the S-polarized light has a linear polarization direction (vibration direction of the P-polarized light) relatively to the optical axis of the nonlinear optical crystal 42. Arrange to tilt 45 degrees. In the harmonic laser device (FIG. 7) of the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10, the linear polarization direction of the polarizing element 44 is set to the vertical direction, and the optical axis of the nonlinear optical crystal 42 is perpendicular to the vertical direction. It is arranged so that it is inclined 45 degrees.

  As described above, according to the configuration in which the linear polarization direction of the polarizing element 44 and the optical axis of the nonlinear optical crystal 42 are inclined relative to each other by 45 °, the P-polarized light from the polarizing element 44 is coordinate system of the nonlinear optical crystal 42. In FIG. 2, the two fundamental wave components of equal intensity that are apparently orthogonal to each other act on the nonlinear optical effect. If the polarizing element 44 is omitted, the S-polarized light orthogonal to the P-polarized light also enters the nonlinear optical crystal 42, thereby causing the balance between the vertical polarization component and the horizontal polarization component in the coordinate system of the nonlinear optical crystal 42 to be lost. The wavelength conversion efficiency of II decreases. Thus, linear polarization of the polarizing element 44 enables highly efficient type II wavelength conversion, and stable and high output long-pulse second harmonic pulsed laser light SHG can be generated. Thereby, for the welding material of Cu or Au, the incident time of the YAG second harmonic is arbitrarily controlled by the pulse width, and the energy absorption of the YAG second harmonic pulse laser beam SHG is sufficiently performed. Good melt bonding can be obtained.

  The preferred embodiments have been described above, but various modifications and changes can be made based on the technical idea of the present invention. For example, a method of using a conventional general fusing process and the laser welding according to the present invention in the rotor connection as described above is also possible.

  FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 show an example of fusing processing in rotor connection. As in the above embodiment, first, the coil terminal 16i at the open end of each coil 16 that protrudes from each slot of the armature core 12 to the commutator 14 side is grooved in the terminal portion 22 of the commutator piece 18 corresponding to the coil. The coil terminal 16j of a predetermined other coil 16 is vertically and vertically fitted into 22a (FIGS. 2 and 3). Next, fusing processing is performed on the coil end portions 16i and 16j in the groove 22a of the terminal portion 22 of each commutator piece 18.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 11, in each commutator piece 18, a high exothermic electrode 62 made of tungsten, for example, is applied to the coil terminals 16 i and 16 j housed in the groove 22 a of the terminal portion 22 with a predetermined pressure F. At the same time, a low exothermic electrode 64 made of, for example, chrome copper is applied to the brush contact portion 20, and an appropriate voltage is applied between the electrodes 62 and 64 to form a machining point or connection portion K (16i, 16j, 22). A current I is passed through. When the coil terminals 16i and 16j are covered wires, they do not conduct immediately after the start of energization due to the insulating action of the insulating film, and the current I flows around the groove 22a of the terminal portion 22. Then, the electrode 62 and the terminal portion 22 generate heat due to Joule heat, and the insulating film of the coil end portions 16i and 16j is melted by the heat, and the coil conductor is exposed. Thereafter, the current I from the electrode 62 flows through the coil conductors of the coil terminals 16i and 16j. The coil terminals 16i and 16j are heated by their own Joule heat and Joule heat of the electrode 62 and the terminal portion 22 while receiving a pressing force F from the electrode 62, and melt as shown in FIGS. 12 (A) and 12 (B). The terminal portion 22 is connected by heat caulking.

  The fusing process as described above is performed for each commutator piece 18. Therefore, if the total number of commutator pieces 18 in the commutator 14 is N, the fusing process is repeated N times with a predetermined machine tact around the armature.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 13, with respect to the connection portion of each commutator piece 18, that is, between the terminal portion 22 of each commutator piece 18 and the coil terminals 16i and 16j connected thereto by heat caulking. The laser emitting unit 30 emits YAG second harmonic pulse laser light (green light) LB toward the contact portion CN. Then, in the contact portion CN irradiated with the YAG second harmonic pulse laser beam LB, both the terminal portion 22 of the commutator piece 18 and the coil terminals 16i, 16j have a high absorption rate of the YAG second harmonic laser energy. And is quickly melted to form a spot welded joint joint. Similarly to the above, a plurality of joint welds may be formed discretely at appropriate intervals, or the joint welds may be continuous for seam welding.

  Since the portion or region where the joint weld W is not formed in the contact portion CN is also already connected by heat caulking, considerable mechanical coupling force and electrical connection are obtained. In this way, by coexisting the heat caulking connection portion and the joint welding connection portion, it is possible to improve the joint strength and the reliability of the electrical characteristics in the connection portion of the commutator 14 in a superimposed or synergistic manner. .

  The configuration of the rotor in the above embodiment, particularly the configuration of the commutator 14 and the armature coil 16 is an example, and the laser welding method of the present invention is applied to the connection between the commutator and the armature winding in an arbitrary rotor structure. can do. For example, the terminal part 22a of the commutator piece 18 in the above embodiment has a notch or groove part 22a into which the coil terminals 16i and 16j are fitted. However, for example, a hook-type terminal portion 25 as shown in FIG. 14 is also possible. In this case, both coil terminals 16i and 16j are hooked (preferably caulked and connected) to the terminal portion 25, and this connection portion, particularly the portion where the coil terminals 16i and 16j and the terminal portion 25 are in contact with each other as shown in the figure. A YAG second harmonic pulse laser beam (green light) LB may be irradiated from the laser emitting unit 30 to form a spot welding joint. Moreover, also when providing a commutator riser in the ear | edge part of the commutator piece 18, the laser welding method of this invention is applicable to the connection of a commutator riser and an armature coil. In this case, the commutator riser can be regarded as an extension of the commutator piece 18.

It is a perspective view which shows one Embodiment of the rotor connection method in this invention. It is a perspective view which shows one step of the rotor connection process in the said embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows one step of the rotor connection process in the said embodiment. It is a cross-sectional view which shows one stage of the rotor connection process in the said embodiment. It is a front view which shows the welding part of the rotor connection in the said embodiment. It is a figure which shows the wavelength absorption characteristic of Cu, Au, and Fe. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the YAG laser apparatus used with the connection method of embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of the laser output waveform of the YAG 2nd harmonic pulsed laser beam in embodiment. It is a figure which shows the basic principle of the wavelength conversion method in embodiment. It is a figure which shows the wavelength conversion method of embodiment. It is a schematic side view which shows the fusing processing method in embodiment. It is a partial expansion schematic front view which shows the same fusing processing method. It is a perspective view which shows the step which performs a laser welding after a fusing process to a commutator connection part in embodiment. It is a side view showing one stage of rotor connection processing by one modification of an embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Rotor shaft 12 Armature 14 Commutator 16 Armature coil 16i, 16j Coil terminal 17 Insulating plate 18 Commutator piece 20 Brush contact part 22 Terminal part 22a Groove (concave part)
25 Terminal unit 30 Laser emitting unit 36, 38 Termination mirror 40 Active medium 42 Wavelength conversion crystal 44 Polarizing element 46 High frequency separation output mirror 48 Electro-optical excitation unit 50 Laser power supply unit 52 Control unit 56 Incident unit 60 Optical fiber 62 Photo sensor 64 Measurement circuit

Claims (2)

A rotor connection method for connecting a commutator and an armature winding,
The end face of each coil made of copper or copper alloy constituting the armature winding in the groove of the terminal portion of each commutator piece made of copper or copper alloy constituting the commutator is the end face of the terminal portion of the commutator piece The YAG harmonic having a variable pulse width from a position facing the end surface of the coil terminal with respect to a portion where the terminal portion of the commutator piece and the terminal of the coil are in contact with each other is fitted to be flush with one side surface . by irradiating a pulsed laser beam, rotor connection method of welding a terminal of the coil and terminal portions of the commutator segments by more said contact portion to the energy of the YAG harmonic pulse laser light. The wavelength of the YAG harmonic is YAG second harmonic 532 nm, rotor connection method according to claim 1.

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