JP4644175B2 - ACCESS LOAD CONTROL DEVICE, ITS PROGRAM, AND POST RECEPTION SYSTEM - Google Patents

Description

The present invention, in the server load balancing system comprising a plurality of servers for distributing a page, the access load control equipment AND ITS program controls access load on the server, and to post accepting system.

In recent years, a system (post accepting system) that invites viewers to post a program during a broadcast program and accepts posts via the Internet has been operated.
In such a system, when a posting is called for in a broadcast program, a posting page (Web page) is released on a server (Web server) of the broadcasting station. Then, the viewer accesses a posting page via a terminal such as a digital television receiver, a personal computer, or a mobile phone, and inputs posting data.
In this way, when the viewer is invited to contribute to the program, as shown in FIG. 8, the number of accesses to the posting page temporarily increases, and the number of accesses gradually increases as time passes. It goes down. Therefore, conventionally, a number of servers capable of processing at the peak of the number of accesses are prepared, and access (request) from the viewer's terminal is distributed to each server by the load balancer, so that one server can be provided. A posting acceptance system was configured as a server load balancing system that prevented the load from being concentrated.

For example, the conventional server load balancing system _{S B,} as shown in FIG. 9, a plurality of servers _{10 (10 1, 10 2,} ..., 10 n) and, with the page information storage device 20 for storing the pages for posts , And a load balancer 30 that distributes access to each server 10.
In the server load balancing system _{S B,} the load balancer 30 via the network N such as the Internet, a digital television receiver 50 _1, a personal computer (PC) 50 ₂ posts from the terminal 50 such as a mobile phone 50 ₃ By distributing access to the page for each server 10, it is possible to accept a plurality of posts.

Further, another conventional server load balancing system _{S C,} as shown in FIG. 10, a plurality of servers _{10 (10 1, 10 2,} ..., 10 n) and is a server that displays a page indicating the busy state A sorry server 10 _S , a page information storage device 20 that stores a posting page, and a load distribution device 30 _B that distributes access to each server 10 are provided.
In the server load balancing system _{S C,} load balancer 30 _B, via the network N such as the Internet, a digital television receiver 50 _1, page on the computer 50 _2, for posts from the terminal 50 such as a mobile phone 50 ₃ Access to the server 10 is distributed to each server 10. At this time, when all of the servers 10 are accepting postings, the load distribution device 30 _B distributes access from the terminal 50 to the sorry server 10 _S so that the viewer is currently busy. There is a notification that the post cannot be accepted.
Such a technique that includes a plurality of servers and distributes the load on the servers is disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 1.
Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2006-79340 (paragraphs 0017 to 0027, FIG. 1)

In the server load distribution system S _B (FIG. 9) described above, it is necessary to prepare a number of servers capable of processing at the peak assuming the peak of the number of accesses. However, since the peak is temporary, there is a problem that many servers become useless servers without access when access becomes normal.
Furthermore, in the server load balancing system S _B, if there is more than expected access each server, each server, with the overload, write the contents of the memory to the hard disk, or the like is frequently paging read from the hard disk Will occur, and the response time will become longer. Accordingly, for example, there is a problem that a post from a viewer cannot be accepted during a live broadcast program.

In the server load distribution system S _C (FIG. 10) described above, since a sorry server is provided to notify the viewer of the busy state, it is necessary to prepare a number of servers capable of processing at the peak number of accesses. There is no. However, there is a problem that when there is an access that exceeds the expected level, the sorry server responds and the posted data is not accepted.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and can reduce the number of installed servers. Further, the present invention prevents the entire system from being stopped by suppressing the occurrence of server overload. it is possible access load control equipment you and the program, as well as, an object of the present invention is to provide a post acceptance system.

The present invention was devised to achieve the above object. First, an access load control device according to claim 1 includes a plurality of servers that distribute pages, and is requested via a network. access to the page, the server load balancing system to respond by distributing to the plurality of servers by the load balancer, a page of the plurality of server delivers, the links to dynamic pages is described 1 a static page, the links to dynamic pages is not described by switching to either of the second static page, an access load control device for controlling the access load on the server, a negative a load collecting unit, a load analysis unit, and a distribution page instructing means, the load analyzer means, and an access analysis unit, configured to include a distribution server number determining means .

In this configuration, the access load control device, the load collecting unit collects the number of access per unit time from a plurality of servers.

Furthermore, the access load control device, the load analyzer, based on the number of accesses per unit collected by the load collecting unit time determines the number of first server that distributes the first static pages.
The dynamic page is a page that is described in CGI (Common Gateway Interface), Java (registered trademark), and the like, and is used to input data and respond by starting an external program. A static page is a page that is described in a language such as HTML (HyperText Markup Language) and that merely presents information. As described above, the dynamic page consumes CPU power and the like and has a larger load than the static page.
The first static pages, dynamic because the links to the page is written, once the first static page is published, a transition to the dynamic page that is selected landing End up.

Therefore, the access load control device distributes the dynamic page via the first static page in the number of accesses per unit time of the entire plurality of servers collected from the plurality of servers by the access number analyzing unit of the load analyzing unit. A load amount corresponding to the number of accesses corresponding to the number of first servers of a predetermined load amount to be used for the second load and a number of second servers corresponding to a predetermined load amount used for delivering the second static page The number of accesses corresponding to the number of first servers is calculated such that the sum of the load amount according to the number of accesses is equal to or less than a predetermined load limit value for the plurality of servers.
That is, the access number analysis means increases the ratio of servers that distribute the second static page with a light load when the number of accesses is large and the load on the entire server is large. As a result, the load on the entire server is reduced. Further, the access number analyzing means increases the ratio of the server that distributes the first static page when the number of accesses is small and the load on the entire server is small. This increases the ratio of delivering dynamic pages to access.
Then, the access load control device determines the maximum load that can be used by the first server by the distribution server number determination means of the load analysis means, according to the number of accesses corresponding to the number of first servers calculated by the access number analysis means. Divide by amount to determine the number of first servers.

The access load control device according to claim 2 includes a plurality of servers that distribute pages, and distributes access to the pages requested via a network to the plurality of servers by a load distribution device. In the server load balancing system that responds, the pages delivered by the plurality of servers are not described with respect to the first static page in which the link destination to the dynamic page is described and the link destination to the dynamic page. An access load control device for controlling an access load to the server by switching to any one of the second static pages, comprising a load collection means, a load analysis means, and a delivery page instruction means did.

In such a configuration, the access load control device periodically collects a load amount indicating a load state of the server from a plurality of servers by the load collecting means. The access load control device compares the load amounts of the plurality of servers collected by the load collection unit with the load limit values of the plurality of servers determined in advance by the load analysis unit, and the load amount is the load limit. If the value is greater than or equal to the value, the number of first servers that distribute the first static page is decreased by a predetermined number , and the number of second servers that distribute the second static page is increased by the number of decrease of the first server, and the load amount Is less than the load limit value, the number of first servers that distribute the first static page is increased by a predetermined number , and the number of second servers that distribute the second static page is decreased by the increased number of first servers. Thus, the number of first servers and the number of second servers are determined.
Then, the access load control device uses the distribution page instruction means as a first static server as a first server based on the number of first servers and the number of second servers determined by the load analysis means. An instruction to distribute the page or an instruction to distribute the second static page as the second server is notified.

The access load control program according to claim 3 includes a plurality of servers that distribute pages, and distributes access to the pages requested via a network to the plurality of servers by a load balancer. in server load balancing system that responds, a page of the plurality of server delivers a first static page links to dynamic pages is described, not linked to the dynamic page is written first by switching to either of two static pages, to control access load on the server, the computer of the access load controller, the load collecting unit, the load analyzer, to function as a delivery page instructing means Features.

In such a configuration, the access load control program collects the number of accesses per unit time from a plurality of servers by the load collecting means.
Furthermore, the access load control program determines the number of first servers that deliver the first static page based on the number of accesses per unit time of the plurality of servers as a whole collected by the load collection unit by the load analysis unit. .
At this time, the load analyzing means uses a predetermined load amount used for distributing the dynamic page via the first static page in the number of accesses per unit time of the plurality of servers collected from the plurality of servers . The sum of the load amount according to the number of accesses for the number of first servers and the load amount according to the number of accesses for the number of second servers of a predetermined load amount used for delivering the second static page However, the first server can use the load amount corresponding to the number of accesses corresponding to the number of first servers by calculating the number of accesses corresponding to the number of first servers that is equal to or less than the predetermined load limit value of the plurality of servers. The number of first servers is determined by dividing by the maximum load amount.
The access load control program distributes the first static page as a first server to a plurality of servers based on the number of first servers determined by the load analysis unit by the distribution page instruction unit. An instruction or an instruction to distribute the second static page as the second server is notified.
The access load control program causes a computer of the access load control device, a plurality of servers, load collection means for periodically collects load indicating the state of loading of the server, a plurality of collected in this load collecting means The load amount of the entire server is compared with the load limit values of a plurality of predetermined servers. If the load amount is equal to or greater than the load limit value, the number of first servers that deliver the first static page is decreased by a predetermined number. And increasing the number of second servers that deliver the second static page by the number of reductions of the first server, and if the load amount is less than the load limit value, the number of first servers that deliver the first static page is the number of second server reduces the number increased minutes first server that distributes second static pages with increasing predetermined number, the load analyzer means for determining the number of numbers and the second server of the first server, the load Analytical means Based on the determined number of first servers and the number of second servers, an instruction to distribute the first static page as the first server or the second static page as the second server to a plurality of servers. It may be made to function as a delivery page instruction means for notifying an instruction to deliver (claim 4).

Furthermore, the posting acceptance system according to claim 5 includes a first static page in which a link destination to a dynamic page that accepts posting is described, and a second static page in which a link destination to the dynamic page is not described. A plurality of servers that switch to one of the static pages and distribute the response, and access to the dynamic page requested via the network is distributed to the plurality of servers by the load balancer and responds a post accepting system includes an access load control device for controlling the load of the server, the access load control device comprises a load collecting unit, a load analysis unit, and a distribution page instructing means, the load analysis The means includes an access number analyzing means and a distribution server number determining means .

In such a configuration, the posting acceptance system collects the number of accesses per unit time from a plurality of servers by the load collection means of the access load control device.
Furthermore, the posting acceptance system includes a first server that distributes the first static page based on the number of accesses per unit time of the entire plurality of servers collected by the load collecting unit by the load analyzing unit of the access load control device. Determine the number.
At this time, the posting acceptance system distributes the dynamic page via the first static page in the number of accesses per unit time of the plurality of servers collected from the plurality of servers by the access number analysis unit of the load analysis unit. A load amount corresponding to the number of accesses corresponding to the number of first servers of a predetermined load amount to be used for the second load and a number of second servers corresponding to a predetermined load amount used for delivering the second static page The number of accesses corresponding to the number of first servers is calculated such that the sum of the load amount according to the number of accesses is equal to or less than a predetermined load limit value for the entire plurality of servers.
Then, the posting acceptance system determines the maximum load amount that the first server can use the load amount corresponding to the number of accesses for the first server number calculated by the access number analyzing unit by the distribution server number determining unit of the load analyzing unit. The number of first servers is determined by dividing by.

Then, the posting acceptance system provides the first static page as the first server to a plurality of servers based on the number of first servers determined by the load analysis means by the distribution page instruction means of the access load control device. An instruction to distribute or an instruction to distribute the second static page as the second server is notified.
As a result, the number of servers that distribute pages that accept posts that are dynamic pages can be adjusted.
Incidentally, post accepting system, the access load control device, a plurality of servers, across multiple servers and load collecting unit, collected in the load collection means for periodically collects load indicating the state of loading of the server When the load amount is equal to or greater than the load limit value, the number of first servers that distribute the first static page is decreased by a predetermined number. When the number of second servers that distribute the second static page is increased by the number of decrease of the first server and the load amount is less than the load limit value, the predetermined number of the first servers that distribute the first static page Load analysis means for determining the number of first servers and the number of second servers by increasing the number of second servers that distribute the second static page and decreasing the number of first servers, and the load analysis First server determined by means Based on the number and the number of second servers, an instruction to distribute the first static page as the first server or an instruction to distribute the second static page as the second server to a plurality of servers It is good also as a structure provided with the delivery page instruction | indication means to notify (Claim 6).

The present invention has the following excellent effects.
According to the first to fourth aspects of the present invention, a server that distributes a static page in which a link destination to a dynamic page is described even when access is concentrated to the server load balancing system. By reducing the number of servers, it is possible to suppress the load on the entire server in the system and to prevent the system from going down. Further, according to the present invention, when the number of accesses decreases, the number of servers that deliver static pages in which links to dynamic pages are described is increased, so that the dynamic pages according to the number of accesses Can be delivered. Furthermore, according to the present invention, even when access is concentrated in the server load distribution system, the number of servers that distribute dynamic pages can be adjusted, so that the number of installed servers can be suppressed.

According to the first and third aspects of the invention, based on the load amount, the number of servers that deliver the first static page in which the link destination to the dynamic page is described, In order to determine the number of servers that deliver the second static page for which the link destination is not described, it is possible to notify a plurality of servers of a transition instruction to one of the servers at a time, and access It can respond flexibly to sudden changes in numbers.

According to the second and fourth aspects of the invention, it is easy to determine whether the system is overloaded based on the load amount collected by the load collecting means and the load limit value of the entire server in the system. Therefore, it is possible to promptly switch to the server based on the determination result.

According to the fifth and sixth aspects of the present invention, even when access is concentrated at one time when accepting a post, the number of servers that can access a page that accepts a post is reduced. It is possible to reduce the load on the entire server and to prevent the system from going down. Further, according to the present invention, when the number of accesses decreases, it is possible to accept posts according to the number of accesses by increasing the number of servers that can access pages that accept posts. Furthermore, according to the present invention, the number of servers installed can be suppressed because the number of servers that accept posts can be adjusted even when access concentrates on the posting acceptance system.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[Configuration of the submission acceptance system (server load balancing system)]
First, with reference to FIG. 1, the configuration of a posting acceptance system (server load distribution system) including an access load control device according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the posting acceptance system. The posting acceptance system S accepts postings from viewers who are watching broadcast programs via the Internet.

As shown in FIG. 1, the posting acceptance system S includes a plurality of servers 10 (10 ₁ , 10 ₂ ,..., 10 _n ), a page information storage device 20, a load distribution device 30, and an access load control device 40. It has. The posting acceptance system S accepts a request (posting) from the terminal 50 such as the digital television receiver 50 ₁ , the personal computer 50 ₂ , and the mobile phone 50 ₃ via the network N such as the Internet.

The server 10 is a Web server that accepts a request from the terminal 50 via the network N and distributes a Web page. When accessed from the terminal 50, the server 10 delivers a plurality of Web pages for accepting posts.
Further, the server 10 notifies the load distribution device 30 and the access load control device 40 of the load amount (for example, the number of accesses from the terminal 50 per unit time, the CPU usage rate, etc.). Then, the server 10 distributes a Web page (post notice preview page or post recruitment page described later) instructed from the access load control device 40 when the terminal 50 is accessed.

Here, the Web page distributed by the server 10 will be described with reference to FIG. 2 (refer to FIG. 1 as appropriate). FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the contents of a Web page distributed by the server.
Here, for the first access from the terminal 50, the server 10 submits a posting notice page (FIG. 2A) or a posting recruitment page describing a link destination to the posting acceptance page (FIG. 2B). Any one of the above shall be distributed.

Here, as shown in FIG. 2A, the posting notice page is a Web page describing a notice such as the date and time of posting start. This posting notice page is a static page (second static page) that is described in a language such as HTML and that simply presents information.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 2B, the posting recruitment page is a static page (first static page) described in a language such as HTML, and is a link destination to a posting acceptance page that accepts postings. Is described.
The posting notice page and the posting solicitation page have the same address, and each server 10 delivers one of the pages based on an instruction from the access load control device 40.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2C, the posting acceptance page is linked to the posting solicitation page, and is activated, for example, by pressing a “send button” on the posting solicitation page with a mouse or the like. . This posting acceptance page is a dynamic page that is described in CGI (Common Gateway Interface), Java (registered trademark), and the like, and inputs data from the terminal 50 and responds to it by starting an external program. In FIG. 2, the posting acceptance page is the operation from when the “Send button” is pressed until the content described in the posting column etc. is received and the posting completion page (FIG. 2 (d)) is displayed. To do.

Hereinafter, the server instructed to deliver the posting notice page will be referred to as “post notice server”, and the server instructed to deliver the contribution solicitation page will be referred to as “post recruiting server”.
Returning to FIG. 1, the description of the configuration of the posting acceptance system S will be continued.

  The page information storage device 20 stores page information when the server 10 distributes Web pages, and is a general storage device such as a hard disk. Here, the page information is a static Web page described in HTML or the like, or a dynamic Web page described in CGI or the like. The page information storage device 20 also stores information posted by viewers.

The load balancer 30 distributes access from the terminal 50 to the servers 10 (10 ₁ , 10 ₂ ,..., 10 _n ). This load balancer 30 is a general load balancer, and one of the communication systems is connected to the network N, and the other is a local load machine connected to the servers 10 (10 ₁ , 10 ₂ ,..., 10 _n ). Connected to the network, access from the terminal 50 is sequentially distributed to the servers 10 (10 ₁ , 10 ₂ ,..., 10 _n ). Note that the load distribution device 30 may distribute the access from the terminal 50 to each server 10 in accordance with the load amount notified from the server 10.

The access load control device 40 determines a Web page distributed by each server 10 based on the load status of the server 10 and adjusts the load on each server 10.
Usually, the operation of the posting acceptance page, which is a dynamic page, places a greater load on the server 10 than the static page distribution. Therefore, when the load on the entire server 10 (10 ₁ , 10 ₂ ,..., 10 _n ) is large, the access load control device 40 distributes a posting recruitment page describing a link destination to a dynamic posting acceptance page. The number of posting recruitment servers is limited, and control is performed so that another server becomes a posting notice server that distributes a static contribution notice page that does not describe a link destination to the contribution acceptance page. Then, the access load control device 40 controls to increase the number of posting recruitment servers as the load on the entire server 10 (10 ₁ , 10 ₂ ,..., 10 _n ) decreases.

As a result, the posting acceptance system S can deliver a Web page that can be processed as a whole system even when access is temporarily concentrated on the server 10, and the response time is abruptly increased due to paging or the like. Can be avoided.
Thus, since the posting acceptance system S can secure the server 10 that reliably accepts postings, even when accepting postings during live broadcasting, a certain amount of postings can be secured without delay. The program will not be disturbed.

[Operation of submission acceptance system (server load balancing system)]
Next, referring to FIG. 3 (refer to FIG. 1 as appropriate), an outline of the operation of the posting acceptance system (server load distribution system) including the access load control apparatus according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 3 is a sequence diagram for explaining the outline of the operation of the posting acceptance system.

First, the posting acceptance system S uses a predetermined initial number of servers (here) by the access load control device 40 based on an instruction (or a predetermined time) from a broadcasting station (operator in charge) that broadcasts a program. in, the server 10 ₁ against), a Web page to deliver, notifies of instructions to the post Wanted page (instruction to shift to the post recruitment server) (step S1). In addition, the post accepting system S, the server other than the notification server (in this case, the server 10 ₂₎ in step S1 with respect to, a Web page to deliver, instruction to the post notice page (post notice server (Instruction to shift to) is notified (step S2).

Thereafter, the server 10 ₁ from the page information storage device 20, and acquires the page information of Submissions page (step S3). The server 10 _2, from the page information storage device 20, and acquires the page information posted notice page (Step S4).

Here, it is assumed that a posting is called from a broadcasting station via broadcasting (step S5).
Then, the terminal 50 ₁ of the viewer's side, a page request to perform post, via the Internet, is transmitted to the server 10 ₁ through the load balancer 30 (step S6). Then, the server 10 ₁ distributes Submissions page to the terminal 50 ₁ (step S7), and that the viewer in the terminal 50 ₁ is input post, the posted content is transmitted to the server 10 ₁ (step S8 ).
At this time, from another terminal 50 _2, a page request for performing post is required to the server 10 ₂ (step S9), and the server 10 ₂ distributes post announcement page to the terminal 50 ₂ (step S10).
While there is a request from the terminal 50 (50 ₁ , 50 ₂ ), the access load control device 40 monitors the load state of each of the servers 10 ₁ , 10 ₂ (step S11).

Thereafter, the access load control device 40, as the load applied to each server 10 _1, 10 ₂ is reduced, the server 10 ₂ that is the post notice server, a Web page to be distributed, post recruited from post notice page An instruction to update the page (instruction to transfer to the posting recruitment server) is notified (step S12).
Thereafter, the server 10 _2, from the page information storage device 20, the process proceeds to Submissions server by acquiring the page information Submissions page (step S13).

As described above, the posting acceptance system S operates while controlling so that the entire server is not overloaded by increasing or decreasing the number of servers that accept postings according to the state of the load on each server 10. .
Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of the access load control apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail.

[Configuration of Access Load Control Device: First Embodiment]
First, the configuration of the access load control device 40 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the access load control device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 4, the access load control device 40 includes a communication control unit 41, a storage unit 42, a load collection unit 43, a load analysis unit 44, a delivery page instruction unit 45, and an end determination unit 46. I have.

  The communication control unit 41 transmits an instruction for requesting the server 10 to notify the load amount, an instruction indicating which Web page is to be distributed, and receives the load amount from the server 10.

The storage means 42 stores various load-related information necessary for analyzing the load state, and is a general storage device such as a hard disk.
Here, the storage means 42 stores distribution instruction information indicating which Web page is instructed to be delivered to each server 10. Note that the Web page here is a posting notice page and a posting recruitment page.

The storage means 42 stores a load limit value that is a limit value of the load of the entire server 10 (10 ₁ , 10 ₂ ,..., 10 _n ). For example, a value obtained by totaling the maximum CPU usage rate that can be used by the server 10 by the number of servers 10 is stored as a load limit value. Of course, this load limit value is not limited to the CPU usage rate, but may be a load index such as a memory usage amount.
Further, the storage means 42 stores a load amount (distribution load amount) applied when the server 10 (10 ₁ , 10 ₂ ,..., 10 _n ) distributes the Web page. For example, each server 10 stores in advance the amount of load applied when the posting notice page is distributed or the posting solicitation page, and the amount of load applied when the posting acceptance page operates as the distribution load amount. The distribution load amount is, for example, a CPU usage amount, a memory usage amount, or the like.

The load collection unit 43 collects a load amount (operation load amount) indicating a current load state of the server 10 (10 ₁ , 10 ₂ ,..., 10 _n ) via the communication control unit 41. This load collecting means 43 collects the number of accesses per unit time as the operation load.
Here, the load collection unit 43 requests the server 10 to notify the operation load amount periodically (for example, at intervals of 1 second), and collects the operation load amount from each server 10. The collected operating load is output to the load analysis unit 44.

  The load analysis unit 44 analyzes the load state of each server 10 based on the load amount (operation load amount) collected by the load collection unit 43, and distributes either the posting notice page or the posting recruitment page in each server 10. It controls what to do. Here, the load analysis unit 44 includes an access number analysis unit 44a and a distribution server number determination unit 44b.

  The number-of-access analysis means 44a calculates the ratio of the number of accesses between the posting notice server and the posting recruitment server that do not overload the entire server 10 based on the number of accesses per unit time. The number-of-accesses analysis unit 44a calculates the ratio of the number of accesses so as to distribute the maximum contribution solicitation page within a range where the entire server 10 does not become overloaded.

Here, the method of calculating the ratio of the number of accesses in the access number analyzing means 44a will be specifically described using mathematical expressions.
Here, in order to simplify the explanation, it is assumed that all servers 10 have the same performance, the number of accesses of the entire system at the present time is P, the number of servers 10 is n, and the server 10 is a posting recruitment page (posts) CPU usage rate used to deliver (including reception pages) is U _A %, CPU usage rate used to deliver the posting notice page is U _B %, and the maximum CPU usage that can be used by one server 10 The rate is U _MAX %.
Here, when the number of posting acceptance pages distributed to the number of accesses is k, as a condition that the entire server 10 does not become overloaded, the following equation (1) may be satisfied with respect to the CPU usage rate [%]. It will be.
k × U _A + (P−k) × U _B ≦ U _MAX × n (1)

For example, the number of accesses (P) is 2000, the number (n) of the servers 10 is 10, and the CPU usage rate (U _A ) used by the server 10 to deliver the posting recruitment page (including the posting acceptance page). 2%, the CPU usage rate (U _B ) used to deliver the posting notice page is 0.2%, and the maximum CPU usage rate (U _MAX ) that one server 10 can use to deliver the page Assuming 80%, the number (k) of distribution of the posting recruitment page may satisfy the following formula (2) from the formula (1).
k ≦ 222 (2)

In this case, since 2,000 cases are processed by ten servers 10, the average number of cases of processing by one server 10 is 200 cases / unit. Therefore, the breakdown of the 200 cases may be 22.2 (= 200 × 222/2000) on the post recruitment page (including the post acceptance page) and the remaining 177.8 on the post notice page. The ratio of the access number calculated in this way is output to the distribution server number determining unit 44b.
Here, as an example, the CPU usage rate is used as the load amount. However, the CPU usage rate is not limited to the CPU usage rate as long as the load of the server 10 can be measured. You may use execution time etc. or those combinations (weighted average etc.).

  The distribution server number determining unit 44b determines the number of posting soliciting servers and posting notice servers based on the ratio of the number of accesses between the posting soliciting server and the posting notice server calculated by the access number analyzing unit 44a. is there.

Here, a method for calculating the number of posting recruitment servers and posting notice servers in the distribution server number determination unit 44b will be specifically described using mathematical expressions.
Further, here, similarly to the above, the number of servers 10 is n, the CPU usage rate used by the server 10 to distribute the posting recruitment page (including the posting acceptance page) is U _A %, and one server 10 uses it. The maximum possible CPU usage rate is U _MAX %. In this case, the distribution server number determining unit 44b, when the number of accesses to the posting recruitment server in the access analysis unit 44a is calculated as k _A, the number X _B having X _A and post notice server Submissions server, It calculates with the following (3) Formula and (4) Formula.
X _A = U _A × k _A / U _MAX (3)
X _B = n−X _A (4)

For example, ten number (n) of the server 10, 2% CPU utilization of _{(U A)} to be used by the server 10 delivers the post recruitment page, used for a single server 10 delivers the page Assuming that the maximum possible CPU usage rate (U _MAX ) is 80% and the number of accesses (k _A ) to the server that distributes the posting solicitation page is 222, the posting solicitation server from the above formulas (3) and (4) The number (X _A ) is five, and the number of posting notice servers (X _B ) is five.
The number of servers that distribute the posting solicitation page or posting notice page determined by the distribution server number determining means 44 b is output to the distribution page instruction means 45. Since the number of posting notice servers is uniquely determined when the number of posting recruitment servers is determined, the distribution server number determination unit 44b may calculate only the number of posting recruitment servers.

The distribution page instruction means 45 instructs each server 10 to update the Web page to be distributed. Note that an instruction from the distribution page instruction unit 45 to each server 10 is transmitted to each server 10 via the communication control unit 41.
Specifically, the distribution page instructing unit 45 has a current posting recruitment in which the number of posting recruitment servers determined by the distribution server number determining unit 44b of the load analyzing unit 44 is stored in the storage unit 42 as distribution instruction information. If the number is less than the number of servers, an instruction to distribute the posting notice page (instruction to shift to the posting notice server) is transmitted to the posting recruitment server by the number of differences.
On the other hand, when the number of posting recruitment servers determined by the distribution server number determination unit 44b of the load analysis unit 44 is larger than the current number of posting posting servers, the delivery page instruction unit 45 posts only the number of differences. An instruction to distribute the posting solicitation page (instruction to shift to the posting soliciting server) is transmitted to the notice server.

As a result, the number of posting recruitment servers and posting notice servers determined by the distribution server number determination means 44b are operated. At this time, the distribution page instructing unit 45 stores the number of newly posted posting recruitment servers and posting notice servers in the storage unit 42.
In the initial state, the distribution page instructing means 45 transmits an instruction to distribute the posting notice page (instruction to shift to the posting notice server) to each server 10 in advance. Based on an instruction input from the outside at the timing of calling for posting or a predetermined time, an instruction to shift to the posting recruitment server is sequentially transmitted to each server.

At this time, the delivery page instruction means 45 sets a small number (for example, one) of posting recruitment servers as an initial value. Thereafter, the distribution page instruction means 45 controls the number of contribution solicitation servers and contribution notice servers based on the ratio between the contribution solicitation server output from the load analysis means 44 and the contribution notice server.
Also, here, the distribution page instruction means 45 notifies the end determination means 46 at the stage where each server 10 is instructed to update the Web page to be distributed.

The end determination means 46 determines whether or not to end the operation of the access load control device 40. Here, the end determination means 46 detects that all the servers 10 have become posting recruitment servers when notified from the distribution page instruction means 45 that the Web page of each server 10 has been updated. Then, the end determination means 46 measures the time with a timer (not shown), and ends the operation when a predetermined time has elapsed.
Here, the end of the operation may be the end of the load collection in the load collecting unit 43 or the end of the operation of the entire apparatus due to power-off of the access load control device 40 or the like.

If there is a notification that a certain server 10 has transitioned to the posting notice server after all the servers 10 have transitioned to the posting recruitment server, the termination determination means 46 shall stop the timer. Thereby, when the access increases again, the operation of the access load control device 40 can be continued.
By configuring the access load control device 40 in this manner, when the access to the server 10 is at a peak, many posting notice servers with light loads are operated, and the number of posting recruiting servers increases as the access shifts to a normal state. It becomes possible to increase.

Although the configuration of the access load control device 40 has been described above, the access load control device 40 can be operated by an access load control program that causes a general computer to function as each means described above.
Here, the access load control device 40 is configured as an individual device, but may be configured to be incorporated in the load distribution device 30. In that case, the communication control means 41 of the access load control device 40 uses the communication control means inside the load distribution device 30.
In addition, here, the access load control device 40 is configured to include the termination determination unit 46, but the termination determination unit 46 may be omitted.

[Operation of Access Load Control Device: First Embodiment]
Next, the operation of the access load control device 40 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 5 (refer to FIG. 4 as appropriate). FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of the access load control apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

(Load collection step)
First, the access load control device 40 transmits, to each server 10 by the distribution page instruction means 45, a transition instruction to the posting recruitment server or a transition instruction to the posting notice server (server type) (step S20). . It is assumed that the number of servers 10 serving as posting recruitment servers is predetermined. For example, one is set as a posting recruitment server as an initial value.
Then, the access load control device 40 collects the load amount from each server 10 by the load collecting means 43 (step S21).

(Delivery server number determination step)
Thereafter, the access load control device 40 uses the access number analysis unit 44a of the load analysis unit 44 to update the posting recruitment server and the posting notice server to be updated based on the number of accesses per unit time that is the load amount of each server 10. The ratio of the number of accesses is calculated (step S22).
Then, the access load control device 40 uses the distribution server number determination means 44b of the load analysis means 44 to determine the number of posting recruitment servers (or posting notice servers) based on the ratio of the number of accesses between the posting recruitment server and the posting notice server. Is determined (step S23).

(Distribution page instruction step)
Here, the access load control device 40 compares the number of posting recruitment servers determined in step S23 with the number of current posting recruitment servers by the distribution page instruction means 45 (step S24).
When the current number of posting recruitment servers is larger than the number of posting recruitment servers determined in step S23 (“large” in step S24), the access load control device 40 uses the distribution page instruction means 45 to calculate the difference. A number of instructions to the posting recruitment server are transmitted to the posting recruitment server (step S25), and the process proceeds to step S27.

  On the other hand, when the current number of posting recruitment servers is smaller than the number of posting recruitment servers determined in step S23 (“less” in step S24), the access load control device 40 uses the distribution page instruction means 45 to calculate the difference. A number of instructions to the posting notice server are transmitted to the posting notice server (step S26), and the process proceeds to step S27.

If the number of posting recruitment servers determined in step S23 is the same as the current number of posting recruitment servers (“same” in step S24), the access load control device 40 proceeds directly to step S27.
Then, the access load control device 40 determines whether or not all the servers 10 have moved to the posting recruitment server and a certain time has passed by the end determination means 46 (step S27).

Here, when all the servers 10 have not shifted to the posting recruitment server (No in Step S27), the access load control device 40 returns to Step S21 and continues the operation.
On the other hand, when all the servers 10 have moved to the posting recruitment server and a certain time has passed (Yes in step S27), the access load control device 40 ends the operation.
With the above operation, the access load control device 40 can control the entire server 10 not to be overloaded by increasing or decreasing the number of servers that accept posts according to the state of the load on each server 10. it can.

[Configuration of Access Load Control Device: Second Embodiment]
Next, another configuration of the access load control device 40B will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the access load control device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 6, the access load control device 40B includes a communication control means 41, a storage means 42, a load collection means 43B, a load analysis means 44B, a distribution page instruction means 45, and an end determination means 46. I have. Since the configuration other than the load collecting unit 43B and the load analyzing unit 44B is the same as that of the access load control device 40 described with reference to FIG. 4, the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted.

The access load control device 40 (FIG. 4) calculates the number of servers 10 to be transferred to the posting recruitment server based on the access status, and issues a transition instruction to the posting recruitment server based on the number. The access load control device 40B is different only in that it is shifted one by one.
Hereinafter, the load collection means 43B and the load analysis means 44B different from the access load control device 40 (FIG. 4) will be described.

The load collecting unit 43B collects a load amount (operation load amount) indicating a current load state of the server 10 (10 ₁ , 10 ₂ ,..., 10 _n ) via the communication control unit 41. This load collecting means 43B collects the load amount of the server 10 such as the CPU usage amount as the operation load amount.
Here, the load collection unit 43B requests the operation load amount from each server 10 periodically (for example, at intervals of 1 second) and collects the operation load amount from each server 10. The collected operating load is output to the load analysis unit 44B.

  The load analysis unit 44B analyzes the load state of the entire server 10 based on the load amount (operation load amount) collected by the load collection unit 43B, and distributes either the posting notice page or the posting recruitment page in each server 10. It controls what to do. Here, the load analysis unit 44B includes a load determination unit 44c.

The load determination unit 44c determines whether or not the load amount (operation load amount) collected by the load collection unit 43B exceeds a predetermined load limit value of the entire server 10. The determination result (less than the load limit value and greater than or equal to the load limit value) determined by the load determination unit 44 c is output to the distribution page instruction unit 45.
For example, the load determination unit 44c includes n servers 10, the current CPU usage rate of each server 10 is U ₁ , U ₂ ,..., U _n %, the load limit value of the entire server 10 (CPU usage rate when the limit) was U _nmax%, determines that it has exceeded the load limit value when the following equation (5), in the case of (6) is still determined that, does not reach the load limit .

Then, when the determination result of the load determination unit 44c is less than the load limit value, the load analysis unit 44B sets the number of posting recruitment servers more than the current number. For example, the number of posting recruitment servers is increased by one.
On the other hand, when the determination result is equal to or greater than the load limit value, the load analysis unit 44B sets the number of posting recruitment servers smaller than the current number. For example, the number of posting recruitment servers is reduced by one. That is, the number of posting notice servers is increased by one.
The number of posting recruitment servers set by the load analysis unit 44B is output to the distribution page instruction unit 45.
By configuring the access load control device 40 in this manner, when the access to the server 10 is at a peak, a large number of posting notice servers with light loads are operated, and the number of posting recruiting servers increases as the access shifts to a normal state. It becomes possible to increase.

[Operation of Access Load Control Device: Second Embodiment]
Next, the operation of the access load control device 40B will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 7 (refer to FIG. 6 as appropriate). FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the operation of the access load control apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
First, the access load control device 40B uses the distribution page instruction means 45 to transmit a transition instruction to the posting recruitment server or a transition instruction to the posting notice server (server type) to each server 10 (step S30). . It is assumed that the number of servers 10 serving as posting recruitment servers is predetermined. For example, one is set as a posting recruitment server as an initial value.
Then, the access load control device 40B collects the load amount from each server 10 by the load collecting means 43B (step S31).

Here, the load determination unit 44c of the load collection unit 43B determines whether or not the load amount (operation load amount) collected in step S31 exceeds a predetermined load limit value for the entire server (step S32).
If the load amount collected in step S31 exceeds the load limit value of the entire server (“Yes” in step S32), the access load control device 40B uses the distribution page instruction means 45 to recruit one post. A transition instruction to the posting notice server is transmitted to the server (step S33), and the process proceeds to step S35.

On the other hand, when the load amount collected in step S31 is less than the load limit value of the entire server (“No” in step S32), the access load control device 40B uses the distribution page instruction means 45 to make one posting notice server. On the other hand, a migration instruction to the posting recruitment server is transmitted (step S34). If all the servers 10 are already posting recruitment servers, the process proceeds directly to step S35.
Then, the access load control device 40B determines whether or not all the servers 10 have moved to the posting recruitment server and a certain time has passed by the end determination means 46 (step S35).

Here, when all the servers 10 have not shifted to the posting recruitment server (No in step S35), the access load control device 40B returns to step S31 and continues the operation.
On the other hand, when all the servers 10 have moved to the posting recruitment server and a certain time has elapsed (Yes in step S35), the access load control device 40B ends the operation.
With the above operation, the access load control device 40B can control each server 10 not to be overloaded by increasing or decreasing the number of servers that accept posts according to the state of the load on each server 10. it can.

The configuration and operation of the posting acceptance system including the access load control device according to the present invention have been described above, but the present invention is not limited to this.
Here, the system is configured as a posting acceptance system that controls the load of a server that accepts postings. However, the system can be applied not only to postings but also to sales of tickets by a Web server, for example. That is, the present invention can be configured as a server load distribution system using the access load control device according to the present invention, as long as it is a system that operates a dynamic page such as CGI upon request in a plurality of Web servers.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the contribution reception system (server load distribution system) which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the content of the web page which a server delivers. It is a sequence diagram for demonstrating the operation | movement outline | summary of the contribution reception system which concerns on this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the access load control apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the access load control apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the access load control apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the access load control apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the access number of the conventional contribution reception system, and elapsed time. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the conventional server load distribution system. It is a block diagram which shows the other structure of the conventional server load distribution system.

Explanation of symbols

S Posting acceptance system (server load balancing system)
10 server 20 page information storage device 30 load distribution device 40, 40B access load control device 41 communication control means 42 storage means 43, 43B load collection means 44, 44B load analysis means 44a access number analysis means 44b distribution server number determination means 44c load Determination means 45 Distribution page instruction means 46 End determination means

Claims (6)

In a server load distribution system that includes a plurality of servers that distribute pages and that distributes and responds to access to the pages requested via a network to the plurality of servers, the plurality of servers distribute By switching the page to be switched to either the first static page in which the link destination to the dynamic page is described or the second static page in which the link destination to the dynamic page is not described, An access load control device for controlling an access load to the server,
Load collection means for collecting the number of accesses per unit time from the plurality of servers;
Load analysis means for determining the number of first servers that deliver the first static page based on the number of accesses per unit time of the entire plurality of servers collected by the load collection means;
Based on the number of first servers determined by the load analyzing means, an instruction to deliver the first static page as the first server to the plurality of servers or the second static as the second server. A delivery page instruction means for notifying an instruction to deliver a target page,
The load analyzing means is a predetermined number used to distribute the dynamic page via the first static page in the number of accesses per unit time of the entire plurality of servers collected from the plurality of servers . A load amount corresponding to the number of accesses corresponding to the number of first servers in the load amount and a load amount corresponding to the number of accesses corresponding to the number of second servers in a predetermined load amount used for distributing the second static page Access number analysis means for calculating the number of accesses for the number of the first servers, the sum of which is equal to or less than a predetermined load limit value for the plurality of servers,
A distribution server that determines the number of the first servers by dividing the load corresponding to the number of accesses for the number of first servers calculated by the access number analyzing means by the maximum load that can be used by the first server. Number determining means;
An access load control device comprising: In a server load distribution system that includes a plurality of servers that distribute pages and that distributes and responds to access to the pages requested via a network to the plurality of servers, the plurality of servers distribute By switching the page to be switched to either the first static page in which the link destination to the dynamic page is described or the second static page in which the link destination to the dynamic page is not described, An access load control device for controlling an access load to the server,
Load collection means for periodically collecting a load amount indicating a load state of the server from the plurality of servers;
The load amounts of the plurality of servers collected by the load collection means are compared with the predetermined load limit values of the plurality of servers. If the load amount is equal to or greater than the load limit value, the first static The number of first servers that distribute target pages is decreased by a predetermined number , the number of second servers that distribute the second static pages is increased by the number of decreases of the first servers, and the load amount is the load limit value. If the number is less than 1, the number of the first servers that distribute the first static page is increased by a predetermined number , and the number of the second servers that distribute the second static page is decreased by the increased number of the first servers. Load analysis means for determining the number of the first servers and the number of the second servers;
Based on the number of first servers and the number of second servers determined by the load analyzing means, an instruction to distribute the first static page as the first server to the plurality of servers or the first server A delivery page instruction means for notifying an instruction to deliver the second static page as two servers;
An access load control device comprising: In a server load distribution system that includes a plurality of servers that distribute pages and that distributes and responds to access to the pages requested via a network to the plurality of servers, the plurality of servers distribute By switching the page to be switched to either the first static page in which the link destination to the dynamic page is described or the second static page in which the link destination to the dynamic page is not described, In order to control the access load to the server, a computer of the access load control device,
Load collection means for collecting the number of accesses per unit time from the plurality of servers;
Load analysis means for determining the number of first servers that deliver the first static page based on the number of accesses per unit time of the entire plurality of servers collected by the load collection means;
Based on the number of first servers determined by the load analysis means, an instruction to distribute the first static page as the first server or the second static as the second server to the plurality of servers. Function as a delivery page instruction means for notifying an instruction to deliver a target page,
The load analyzing means is a predetermined number used to distribute the dynamic page via the first static page in the number of accesses per unit time of the entire plurality of servers collected from the plurality of servers . A load amount corresponding to the number of accesses corresponding to the number of first servers in the load amount and a load amount corresponding to the number of accesses corresponding to the number of second servers in a predetermined load amount used for distributing the second static page The number of accesses corresponding to the number of first servers that is equal to or less than a predetermined load limit value of the entire plurality of servers is calculated, and the amount of load corresponding to the number of accesses corresponding to the number of first servers is calculated as An access load control program that determines the number of the first servers by dividing by a maximum load that can be used by the first server. In a server load distribution system that includes a plurality of servers that distribute pages and that distributes and responds to access to the pages requested via a network to the plurality of servers, the plurality of servers distribute By switching the page to be switched to either the first static page in which the link destination to the dynamic page is described or the second static page in which the link destination to the dynamic page is not described, In order to control the access load to the server, a computer of the access load control device,
Load collection means for periodically collecting a load amount indicating a load state of the server from the plurality of servers;
The load amounts of the plurality of servers collected by the load collection means are compared with the predetermined load limit values of the plurality of servers. If the load amount is equal to or greater than the load limit value, the first static The number of first servers that distribute target pages is decreased by a predetermined number , the number of second servers that distribute the second static pages is increased by the number of decreases of the first servers, and the load amount is the load limit value. If the number is less than 1, the number of the first servers that distribute the first static page is increased by a predetermined number , and the number of the second servers that distribute the second static page is decreased by the increased number of the first servers. , Load analysis means for determining the number of the first servers and the number of the second servers,
Based on the number of first servers and the number of second servers determined by the load analyzing means, an instruction to distribute the first static page as the first server to the plurality of servers or the first server A delivery page instruction means for notifying an instruction to deliver the second static page as two servers;
An access load control program characterized by functioning as A plurality of pages to be distributed by switching to either a first static page in which a link destination to a dynamic page that accepts a post is described or a second static page in which a link destination to the dynamic page is not described A post accepting system that responds by distributing a response to access to the dynamic page requested via a network to the plurality of servers by a load balancer,
An access load control device for controlling the load of the server;
The access load control device is
Load collection means for collecting the number of accesses per unit time from the plurality of servers;
Load analysis means for determining the number of first servers that deliver the first static page based on the number of accesses per unit time of the entire plurality of servers collected by the load collection means;
Based on the number of first servers determined by the load analysis means, an instruction to distribute the first static page as the first server or the second static as the second server to the plurality of servers. A delivery page instruction means for notifying an instruction to deliver a target page,
The load analyzing means is a predetermined number used to distribute the dynamic page via the first static page in the number of accesses per unit time of the entire plurality of servers collected from the plurality of servers . A load amount corresponding to the number of accesses corresponding to the number of first servers in the load amount and a load amount corresponding to the number of accesses corresponding to the number of second servers in a predetermined load amount used for distributing the second static page Access number analysis means for calculating the number of accesses for the number of the first servers, the sum of which is equal to or less than a predetermined load limit value for the plurality of servers,
A distribution server that determines the number of the first servers by dividing the load corresponding to the number of accesses for the number of first servers calculated by the access number analyzing means by the maximum load that can be used by the first server. Number determining means;
Post accepting system characterized by comprising. A plurality of pages to be distributed by switching to either a first static page in which a link destination to a dynamic page that accepts a post is described or a second static page in which a link destination to the dynamic page is not described A post accepting system that responds by distributing a response to access to the dynamic page requested via a network to the plurality of servers by a load balancer,
An access load control device for controlling the load of the server;
The access load control device is
Load collection means for periodically collecting a load amount indicating a load state of the server from the plurality of servers;
The load amounts of the plurality of servers collected by the load collection means are compared with the predetermined load limit values of the plurality of servers. If the load amount is equal to or greater than the load limit value, the first static The number of first servers that distribute target pages is decreased by a predetermined number , the number of second servers that distribute the second static pages is increased by the number of decreases of the first servers, and the load amount is the load limit value. If the number is less than 1, the number of the first servers that distribute the first static page is increased by a predetermined number , and the number of the second servers that distribute the second static page is decreased by the increased number of the first servers. Load analysis means for determining the number of the first servers and the number of the second servers;
Based on the number of first servers and the number of second servers determined by the load analyzing means, an instruction to distribute the first static page as the first server to the plurality of servers or the first server A delivery page instruction means for notifying an instruction to deliver the second static page as two servers;
Post accepting system characterized by comprising.

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