JP4637780B2 - Dust input box for garbage truck - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a dust box of a garbage truck, and more particularly to an assist mechanism for a door of a dust box.

A garbage storage box for storing collected dust is loaded on the platform of the garbage truck, and the dust is first put into the dust input box connected to the rear of the dust storage box and then stored in the dust storage box. It is supposed to be done. A dust input port for supplying dust is provided on the rear surface of the dust input box, and a door is provided here so that dust and sewage in the dust input box do not scatter during traveling.

In Patent Document 1, as shown in FIG. 5, a pair of guide rails 9 and 11 are provided on the left and right side walls 5 and 5 of the dust input port of the dust input box body 1 so as to be curved along the rear surface shape. In addition, there is described a dust collection box of a garbage collection vehicle having a drive mechanism in which an open / close door is slid along a pair of guide rails to be opened and closed and stored in an upper portion inside a dust collection box main body.
In addition, the dust box described in Patent Document 1 is arranged such that the lower end of the guide rail is located in the rearward direction, and when the dust door opening / closing door is closed, the door is attached to the structure around the door. Is pressed to form a substantially sealed structure.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the dust input box 1 described in Patent Document 1 includes a bottom plate 2 for holding the dust until the dust input from the dust input port is transported to a dust storage box (not shown). The bottom plate 2 is formed in a substantially semicylindrical shape. Further, according to Patent Document 1, the following technical contents are provided.

Side panels 3, 3 are disposed on both side edges of the bottom plate 2 so as to face each other so as to face each other, and the side edges on the upper side of the side panels 3, 3 are also inclined forward. It is formed to do. And the side panels 3 and 3 are supported by the support bar 4 connected to each inner surface which opposes.
Guide rail support plates 5 and 5 are connected to the rear edge portions of the side panels 3 and 3 so that the inner surfaces thereof are opposed to each other. The vicinity of each part is connected by long flat plate-like support members 6 and 7.

  The lower surfaces of the guide rail support plates 5 and 5 are formed to match the inclination of the upper surfaces of the side panels 3 and 3, and the rear ends of the guide rail support plates 5 and 5 are along the rear surface of the dust bin 1. The shape is formed in an arc shape.

  The opposing inner surfaces (the left and right side walls of the dust inlet) of the guide rail support plates 5 and 5 follow the shape of the rear face of the dust inlet box 1 from the vicinity of the front end to the vicinity of the center in the front-rear direction. A pair of guide rails 9, 9 having a U-shaped cross section are provided so as to draw an arc, and the lower end portions of the guide rails 9, 9 are bent so as to be rearward toward the lower side. Further, shafts 10 that can be rotated forward and backward by a drive mechanism (not shown) are provided near the upper ends of the guide rails 9 and 9 on the inner surfaces of the guide rail support plates 5 and 5 facing each other.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, on the lower surface side of the opposed inner surfaces of the guide rail support plates 5 and 5, the dust is distributed from the vicinity of the center portion of the guide rail support plates 5 and 5 to the vicinity of the lower end portion. Another pair of guide rails 11 and 11 having a U-shaped cross section are provided so as to draw an arc along the rear surface of the input box 1, and the lower side of the lower end of the guide rails 11 and 11 is bent backward. It is made.

  A fixed surface 12 for attaching optional parts is provided on the rear surface above the dust inlet 22, and the lower surface of the fixed surface 12 is formed so as to be in close contact with the upper surfaces of the guide rail support plates 5 and 5. Has been. .. Are provided on both side edges of the fixed surface 12 such as tail lamps. An opening 14 is formed from the middle part to the front part of the fixed surface. A long flat plate-like support member 15 is locked to the opening 14 from the front end, and a gas damper 16 and a latch 17 are attached to the support member 15.

  A thin plate-like cover member 20 connected by hinges 19, 19 is disposed in the opening 14, and a latch 17 and a detachable striker 21 are attached to the thin plate-like cover member 20. .

  The fixed surface 12 can be used to attach other optional parts such as a working indicator lamp and a back eye camera.

  As described above, the dust inlet 22 of the dust box main body 30 constituted by the side panels 3 and 3, the guide rail support plates 5 and 5, the fixed surface 12 and the cover member 20 has a U-shaped cross section. An open / close door 23 that is guided by the guide rail and moves is provided.

  In order to smoothly open and close the opening / closing door 23 at both side edges of the opening / closing door 23, rollers 24 and 24 that roll inside the U-shaped section of the guide rails 9 and 9, and the cross-section of the guide rails 11 and 11 are connected. Rollers 24 and 24 that roll inside the character shape are attached. Rack members 25, 25 are extended from both side edges on the upper end side of the opening / closing door 23. Pinions 26 and 26 are provided at both ends of the shaft 10, and rack members 25 and 25 are provided with teeth that mesh with the teeth of the pinion. The rack members 25, 25 are curved so that the open / close door 23 is smoothly guided by the guide rails 9, 9, 11, 11. Further, handles 27 are provided on the outer surface of the opening / closing door 23 to be used when the operator opens / closes the door. Alternatively, the door 23 can be opened and closed automatically by driving the pinion with a motor or the like.

In order to open the dust input port 22 of the dust input box body 30 that is closed by the operator, the operator first holds the handles 27 and 27 of the open / close door 23 and pulls the open / close door 23 upward. The rollers 24, 24... On both side edges of the opening / closing door 23 have U-shaped cross sections of the guide rails 9, 9 and the guide rails 11, 11 provided on the left and right side walls of the dust inlet 22 of the dust box main body 30. On the inside, rolling starts upward and the open / close door 23 is guided and lifts up inside the dust box, and is held at a step (not shown) at the point where it is almost fully lifted. It is stored, and the dust inlet 22 is opened.
In order to close the dust input port 22 of the dust input box body 30 that is open to the operator, the operator first holds the handles 27 and 27 of the open / close door 23, lifts it once, and then pulls it downward. Then, the opening / closing door 23 is pulled out from the step by that force, and the rollers 24, 24... On both side edges of the opening / closing door 23 are guided rails 9 provided on the left and right side walls of the dust inlet 22 of the dust box main body 30. 9 and rolling start downward in the inside of the U-shaped cross section in the guide rails 11 and 11. Since the lower end portion of the guide rails 9 and 9 and the lower end portion of the guide rails 11 and 11 are bent in the dust throwing direction, the lower end portion of the open / close door 23 is guided toward the rear wall of the bottom plate 2 and the rear wall (structure) ) To form a substantially sealed structure, and the dust inlet 22 is closed without a gap. In addition, when driving a pinion with a motor, it is said that a brake may be provided on the motor without providing a step.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-314061

However, in a mechanism having a door that opens and closes by a lifting operation as described above, it is preferable to provide an assist mechanism using a spring to assist the pulling force.
Without such an assist mechanism, a large lifting force of the operator is required when opening manually. Moreover, in order to close manually and quietly, a big support force of an operator is required. If the worker does not support the door, there is a risk of closing too quickly. When opening and closing automatically, a large motor and electric power are required.

There is a method of using a constant load spring (referred to as a coupling (R) spring) in which a belt-like thin plate spring is wound in a close spiral shape when it is desired to lightly move a heavy object up and down or stop it at an arbitrary position. According to this constant load spring, a constant force can be generated regardless of its extension, so that a constant assist force can be generated regardless of the position of the lifting process of the door, and the door can be raised and lowered smoothly with a slight force. The door can be stopped at any position.
When attaching a constant load spring to a sliding door that moves up and down, provide a pair of constant load springs that are placed on both sides with the winding axis perpendicular to the sliding surface of the door, and downward from each of the two constant load springs. A mounting structure is used in which the extended ends are fixed to both sides of the door. In this case, the thin plate of the constant load spring does not largely block the opening at the top of the door when the door is lowered.

However, in the above-described prior art, the door is not guided by a straight guide rail, and thus the door does not slide in one plane. In the above-described conventional technology, the guide track of the guide rail does not have a straight line shape but changes its direction, so that the door operates three-dimensionally.
Therefore, the constant load spring cannot be attached as described above, and the winding shaft must be attached parallel to the sliding surface of the door. In this case, the thin plate surface of the constant load spring largely blocks the opening at the top of the door when the door is lowered. In the case of the above prior art, the opening 14 is narrowed by the constant load spring, which deteriorates the cleanability and maintainability of the dust box.
In the current market, constant load springs tend to be more expensive and less durable than coil springs.
However, even if the constant load spring is simply replaced with a coil spring, the coil spring has a property that the force changes in proportion to the elongation, so that a good assist force cannot be obtained in the opening and closing process.

The present invention has been made in view of the problems in the prior art described above, and is a dust container for a garbage truck having a door that opens and closes by a lifting operation, and has excellent durability, economy, and assistability. It is an object of the present invention to provide a dust box with a door assist mechanism.

The invention according to claim 1 for solving the above-described problems includes a door that opens and closes a dust inlet,
A guide mechanism for guiding the opening and closing operation of the door including raising and lowering in a direction along the surface of the door and a base end are supported by a frame on the side of the door, and extend from the base end to the center of the door, Is connected to the door, and linked to the opening and closing operation of the door to swing the tip,
One end is supported by the frame above the base end, the other end is connected between the base end and the tip of the arm, and the assist force pulls up the door at the tip of the arm via the arm and a tension coil spring that generates,
It is a dust box of a garbage truck that is fixed to the door, connects the tip and the door, and includes a slider that slides the tip in the width direction of the door .

According to a second aspect of the invention, the arm is a dust-up box refuse collection vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that formed by swingable in two directions.

According the invention in claim 3, wherein the dust introduction of refuse collection vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the guide track for guiding the lift in the direction along the surface of the door by the guide mechanism is a circular arc track It is a box.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the guide mechanism guides the door in a direction deviating from the direction along the surface of the door and guides the edge of the door to and away from the edge of the dust inlet. It is a refuse input box of the refuse collection vehicle of Claim 2 or Claim 3 which has a track | orbit.

According to the present invention, since the tension coil spring is used for the door assist mechanism, it is excellent in durability and economy.
Further, according to the present invention, the assist force for pulling up the door is generated by the contraction force of the tension coil spring through the swinging arm connected to the door, so that a good assist force is provided at each position on the door opening and closing process. It can be demonstrated.
Further, according to the present invention, the arm swinging operation can be linked to the door opening / closing operation without changing the arm span, and a good assist force can be exhibited.
Further, according to the second aspect of the present invention, since the arm is swingable in two directions, the door does not move even if it moves three-dimensionally by a guide track whose direction changes such as an arc track. The door and arm can be linked and operated smoothly without applying a static force, and a good assist force can be achieved without consuming extra elastic energy of the coil spring due to the static force. .

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The following is one embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention. FIG. 1 (a) is an inner side view of a dust box of the garbage truck according to the present embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 1 (a), the dust box according to the present embodiment is similar to the above-described prior art in that it has a bottom plate a, a pair of side plates b (only one is shown), and a pair of upper guide rails c (only one is shown). ), A pair of lower guide rails d (only one of which is shown), a door e, and a support bar f.
Both side plates b are connected by a support member (not shown; corresponding to 6 and 7 in FIG. 5) that extends in the width direction to constitute a frame that supports the door e, the guide rails c and d, the assist mechanism, and the like. . In addition, it can be configured with the same parts as the above-described prior art side panels 3 and 3, the fixed surface 12, the cover member 20, etc. It can be configured to be housed in the upper part inside the input box body 30. On the outer surface of the door e, a handle e2 used when the operator opens and closes the door e is provided.

  A hinged hinge door h is provided at the upper rear end of the bottom plate a. If the door e is lowered in a state where the rotating door h is flipped up, the lower end of the door e and the upper end of the rotating door h are brought into close contact with each other. In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, in the configuration in which the pivot door is not provided at the upper rear end of the bottom plate a, the door e1 is such that the lower end of the door e1 and the rear upper end of the bottom plate a are in close contact when the door e1 is lowered. Configure.

As shown in FIG. 1 (a), the upper guide rail c and the lower guide rail d are fixed to the inner surface of the side plate b, and the cross-sectional shape is formed in a U shape.
The upper guide rail c is formed and arranged so as to draw an arc along the shape of the rear surface of the dust box from the vicinity of the front end of the side plate b to the center in the front-rear direction.

  The lower guide rail d has a circular arc along the rear surface of the dust bin from the center of the side plate b in the front-rear direction to the vicinity of the lower end along the lower end of the upper guide rail c from the outside. The arc part d1 is formed and arranged so as to draw a straight line, and the linear part d2 is connected to the lower end of the arc part d1. The straight line part d2 extends vertically downward so as to guide the lower end of the door e to the inside and below the virtual circle that coincides with the arc part d1.

A pair of rollers e3 that roll inside the U-shaped cross section of the upper guide rail c are attached to both side edges of the upper portion of the door e. A pair of rollers e4 that roll inside the U-shaped cross section of the lower guide rail d is attached to both side edges of the lower part of the door e.
The door e operates while being guided by the upper guide rail c and the lower guide rail d. The cross section of the door e is also formed in an arc shape like the guide rails c and d1. The door e moves up and down in a direction along the surface of the door e while being guided by the arc-shaped guide rails c and d1.

When the door e is guided by the upper guide rail c and the arc part d1, the inclination angle of the surface of the door e changes according to the change in the normal direction of the arc path of the door e.
In addition, when the door e is guided by the upper guide rail c and the straight line portion d2, the inclination angle of the surface of the door e changes greatly compared to the case of the circular arc track, and the door is formed by a combination of linear movement and rotational movement. While moving down, the e moves slightly to the inside of the dust box. This is because the lower end of the door e is guided by the straight line part d2 and moves away from the arcuate track.
By such a guide track by the upper guide rail c and the straight line portion d2, the lower end of the door e is pressed downward and inwardly on the upper end of the rotating door h (the bottom plate a in the case of the door e1 in FIG. 3). The both side edges of e can be pressed against the side plate b to seal the dust inlet, thereby maintaining the water tightness of the dust box when the door e is closed.
That is, the guide track by the upper guide rail c and the straight line portion d2 guides the door e in a direction deviating from the direction along the surface of the door e, and makes the edge of the door e contact and separate from the edge of the dust inlet. It is a guide track. In the present embodiment, when the door e is lowered, the door e contacts the edge of the dust inlet, and when the door e is raised, the door e is separated from the edge of the dust inlet.
In this embodiment, the door e moves to the inside of the dust input box and comes into contact with the edge of the dust input box. However, as in the prior art, the door e moves to the outside of the dust input box and It is good also as a guide mechanism which guides the movement which touches an edge.

  Next, the configuration of the door assist mechanism will be described. FIG. 1 (b) is a plan view as viewed in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 1 (a), and shows a mechanism portion by a side plate b, an arm k, and a tension coil spring m. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1 (a) and shows a mechanical portion including a side plate b, an arm k, a tension coil spring m, a slider n, a door e, and a guide rail c. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the operation of the assist mechanism as seen in the direction of arrow B in FIG. Each figure shows a common orthogonal three-axis XYZ.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the assist mechanism includes an arm k, a tension coil spring m, and a slider n.
The base end of the arm k is connected to and supported by the side plate b via a Y-axis pin joint k1 and a Z-axis pin joint k2. The Z-axis pin joint k2 is disposed outside the Y-axis pin joint k1 with respect to the arm k (closer to the side plate b).

A spring locking portion b1 is fixed to the side plate b at a position above the base end of the arm k. The spring locking portion b1 is provided with a ring b2. A hook m1 formed at one end of the tension coil spring m is hooked and locked by a ring b2 provided in the spring locking portion b1.
A spring locking portion k5 is fixed to the arm k. The spring locking portion k5 has a bridge shape in which both feet are rigidly connected to the arm k, and a hole k6 is formed at the center. The hook m2 formed on the other end of the tension coil spring m is hooked and locked in the hole k6 of the spring locking portion k5.
The tension coil spring m is locked as described above and installed in a tensioned state.

  The slider n includes a slide shaft n1 and a slide unit n2. The slide shaft n1 extends in the width direction (X-axis direction) of the door e and is fixed near the center of the upper end of the door e. The cross-sectional outer shape of the slide shaft n1 is circular. The slide unit n2 has a cylindrical portion n3 that fits around the slide shaft n1, slides along the slide shaft n1, and rotates around the slide shaft n1. The slide unit n2 has a connecting pin n4 rigidly connected to the cylindrical part n3. The connecting pin n4 is disposed perpendicular to the slide shaft n1 and protrudes from the peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion n3.

  The tip of the arm k is connected to the slide unit n2 via a Y-axis pin joint k3 and a Z-axis pin joint k4. The Z-axis pin joint k4 is disposed on the tip side of the arm k with respect to the Y-axis pin joint k3. The connecting pin of the Z-axis pin joint k4 is the same as the connecting pin n4 of the slide unit n2.

The Y-axis pin joint k1 has a connecting pin extending in the Y-axis direction, and allows the arm k to rotate about the Y-axis with respect to the side plate b.
The Z-axis pin joint k2 has a connecting pin extending in the Z-axis direction, and allows the arm k to rotate about the Z-axis with respect to the side plate b.
The Y-axis pin joint k3 has a connecting pin extending in the Y-axis direction, and allows the arm k to rotate about the Y-axis with respect to the door e.
The connecting pin of the Z-axis pin joint k4 extends in the Z-axis direction, and allows the arm k to rotate about the Z-axis with respect to the door e.
In this way, the arm k can swing in two directions around the Y axis and the Z axis.

The connection between the arm k and the side plate b and the connection between the arm k and the slide unit n2 are not related to the two pin joints, but the two pin joints are the same in the rotation axis around the Y axis and the rotation axis around the Z axis. It can be replaced with a two-axis rotary joint that intersects at one point, or a three-axis rotary joint such as a universal link that rotates the arm around an axis in the longitudinal direction of the arm in addition to the two-axis rotary joint.
It is also possible to make the slide unit n2 unrotatable and replace both ends of the arm k with triaxial pivot joints.
In any case, it is preferable to configure the degree of freedom of the joint without excess or deficiency.
According to the present embodiment, the four pin joints and the shaft slider can be configured simply and with good durability.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a pair of assist mechanisms including the arm k, the tension coil spring m, and the slider n described above are provided on both the left and right sides.

  Next, the operation of the door assist mechanism will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 4, a connection point g1 is a Y-axis and Z-axis rotation point, and a connection point g2 is a Y-axis and Z-axis rotation and an X-direction movement point. The distance S1 between the spring fulcrums is the distance between the connection point g1 and the spring fulcrum k6, and the distance S2 between the spring fulcrums is the distance between the connection point g2 and the spring fulcrum k6. FIG. 4A shows a state where the door e is closed. FIG. 4C shows a state where the door e is open. FIG. 4B shows the same state as FIGS. 1 and 2 in which the door e is positioned slightly lower than the middle.

  In the state shown in FIG. 4A, the arm k is lowered from the X axis around the Z axis by an angle θ1, and a pulling force R1 based on gravity is applied to the door e. Assist forces P1 and P1 for pulling up the door e at the connection points g2 and g2 are generated by the tensile force of the spring m.

In the state shown in FIG. 4B, the arm k is along the X-axis direction (angle θ2 = 0 with the X-axis around the Z-axis), and the pull-down force R2 based on gravity is acting on the door e. . Assist forces P2 and P2 for pulling up the door e at the connection points g2 and g2 are generated by the tensile force of the spring m.

In the state shown in FIG. 4C, the arm k is raised from the X axis by an angle θ3 around the Z axis, and a pulling force R3 based on gravity is applied to the door e. Assist forces P3 and P3 for pulling up the door e at the connection points g2 and g2 are generated by the tensile force of the spring m.

Since the inclination angles of the guide rails c and d in contact with the rollers e3 and e4 differ depending on the position of the door e, the pull-down forces R1, R2, and R3 vary depending on the position of the door e.
Regardless of the position of the door e, the resultant force (P1 × 2, P2 × 2, P3 × 2) of the assist force is as close as possible to the pull-down force (R1, R2, R3) (R1−P1 × 2≈ R2−P2 × 2≈R3−P3 × 2), S1, S2, θ1, θ3, spring constant, spring natural length, and other design variables are selected.

Fig. (A) is an inner side view of a dust box of the garbage truck according to one embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. (B) is a plan view taken along the arrow B in Fig. (A). It is AA sectional drawing in Fig.1 (a). It is an inner surface fragmentary view of the refuse input box of the structure which the lower end of a door and the rear-end upper part of a baseplate closely_contact | adhere. It is a schematic diagram which shows operation | movement of the assist mechanism seen in the arrow B direction of Fig.1 (a). It is a disassembled perspective view of the conventional dust input box. However, the door is excluded. It is a perspective view of the conventional dust input box, and only the door is drawn separately.

Explanation of symbols

a bottom plate b side plate c upper guide rail d lower guide rail d1 arc portion d2 straight portion e door e2 handle e3, e4 roller k arm m tension coil spring n slider

Claims (4)

A door that opens and closes the dust inlet,
A guide mechanism for guiding the opening and closing operation of the door including raising and lowering in a direction along the surface of the door;
An arm that has a proximal end supported by a frame beside the door, extends from the proximal end to the center of the door, has a distal end connected to the door, and links the door opening and closing operation to swing the distal end; ,
One end is supported by the frame above the base end, the other end is connected between the base end and the tip of the arm, and the assist force pulls up the door at the tip of the arm via the arm and a tension coil spring that generates,
A dust collection box of a garbage collection vehicle , comprising a slider fixed to the door, connecting the tip and the door, and sliding the tip in the width direction of the door . 2. The dust input box of a dust truck according to claim 1, wherein the arm is swingable in two directions. 3. The dust collection box of the dust collection vehicle according to claim 2 , wherein the guide track for guiding the guide mechanism to move up and down in the direction along the surface of the door is an arc track. The guide mechanism has a guide track that guides the door in a direction deviating from the direction along the surface of the door and makes the edge of the door contact and separate from the edge of the dust inlet. 4. A dust input box for a garbage truck according to claim 2 or claim 3 .

Images