JP4637625B2 - Sorting device and resin recycling method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a sorting apparatus and a resin recycling how, in particular relates to a sorting apparatus and a resin recycling how used in recycling plants.

  In recent years, interest in environmental issues has increased, and resin material recycling has become active. The general processing method of resin material recycling is as follows: (a) First, the material is separated into a single material, (b) The appropriate particle size is adjusted with a resin-specific crusher, and (c) Luda is processed with an extruder. After being pelletized, (d) it is molded into an arbitrary shape by a molding machine. When various resin materials are already mixed and it is difficult to separate them into a single material, various sorters that satisfy the requirements of (a) may be arranged after (b). The particle size in this case refers to the numerical value expressed by the mesh size of the test sieve measured by the sieving method, but it is only used as a size notation means, and it is not necessarily to be sorted. Are not necessarily sifted.

  Generally, a resin-only crusher used in a recycling plant is called a pre-in cutter (flat blade) type, and its structure is as shown in FIG. The object to be crushed 101 introduced from above is sandwiched between the rotating flat blade 102 rotating at high speed and the fixed flat blade 104 fixed to the housing 103 and sheared. The sheared resin passes through the hole 106 of the screen 105 and is discharged downward. When the particle diameter is larger than the hole diameter of the screen 105, the shearing resin is repeatedly sheared inside the crusher until the diameter becomes smaller than the hole diameter. It is a mechanism.

  FIG. 19A is a view of the screen 105 as viewed from below, and FIG. 19B is a cross-sectional view thereof. As shown in FIGS. 19 (a) and 19 (b), the general screen 105 has a structure in which a hole 106 is simply provided in an arc-shaped steel plate. Until the flat blade 102 is sheared, there is no restriction on the passing direction of the screen 105, so if it is smaller than the hole diameter of the screen 105, it passes through the screen 105 regardless of the dimension in the longitudinal direction. Will occur. In this way, the object to be crushed is not processed to the intended particle size, and passing through the long hole 106 of the screen 105 is called miscut, and the longitudinal dimension is about 3 to 5 times the crushed particle size. These are often referred to as long objects. If a long object is introduced into a device or a conveyance pipe having a small inlet, it will be caught or bridged on the way, causing clogging. In addition, when a pellet is prepared by melting and kneading a resin crushed material with an extruder, a problem arises in that the preparation of a uniform recycled pellet is hindered by the incorporation of a long-sized product having a large volume.

  As a technique for reducing miscuts, (1) a method using an oblique hole screen, (2) a method of reducing the hole diameter of the screen (lowering the crushing particle diameter) and suppressing the longitudinal dimension of a long object, ( 3) A method of using a crusher having a structure in which miscuts are unlikely to occur can be considered. In (1), slipping of long objects is reduced and miscuts are less likely to occur. However, this is not completely eliminated, and as described above, the problem solving when using a device that is sensitive to mixing long objects is used. It does not lead to. Further, in addition to a reduction in processing capacity compared to a screen with a straight hole, the cost for producing the screen becomes considerably high. In the method (2), the processing capacity is greatly reduced, and it is inconvenient when an appropriate particle size is defined after the crushing process (for example, when sorting is performed after crushing, the sorting accuracy is greatly affected). In the method (3), a special crusher is used, such as one that performs rough crushing and fine crushing at the same time or one that performs two-stage crushing. In many cases, it is a mechanism that reduces the probability of miscutting by using not only a crushing structure but also a specially shaped blade. However, these special crushers are very expensive, and if they are flat blades, re-grinding of the blades that can be easily performed by the user becomes extremely difficult, which is not economical. At present, most of the resin-only crushers used in recycling plants are the above-mentioned pre-in cutter type, and it can be seen that removal of long objects by this method is not practical. After all, due to the structure of a general resin-only crusher, it is inevitable that long objects are mixed in. It is reasonable to pursue a method for removing this with high accuracy.

  In consideration of sorting long items mixed after crushing, mesh screens, bar screens, vibratory feeders with grizzles, etc. have been used as classifiers, but these are all long items. It is known that it is not suitable from the viewpoint of sorting accuracy to use it as it is, instead of a sorting apparatus specialized for removal of water. For example, a mesh screen is the most popular vibrating screen that uses a screen or a perforated plate as its screen, and has a simple structure, but it not only causes slipping of long objects, but also protrusions and strings. It has a disadvantage that it is easy to cause clogging. A bar screen is a device that uses a comb-like bar for the screen, and although there is little risk of clogging, there is a problem that thin-walled items (those with a large difference between width and thickness) and long items slip through frequently. Have In addition, the vibration feeder with grizzly is a classification device that has a plate called grizzly (derived from being similar to a bear's claw) in the trough downstream of the vibration feeder, and is often used for classification of crushed stones. Since it is classified (sorted), it is effective for sorting out block-like ones, but it is not suitable for the above thin-walled products such as resin crushed materials. Similar to the bar screen, the vibratory feeder with a grizzle has a problem that a long object slips through frequently.

  Therefore, in recent years, a method has been devised that enables sorting by regulating the conveying direction of long objects. For example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, there is a method in which a long object is sorted by an opening formed by a columnar body arranged in the transport direction after the longitudinal direction of the long object is regulated in the transport direction. However, when a hinge-like object such as a resin crushed object or a long object having an edge such as a sharp protrusion or a burr is included, there is a concern that these are caught by the columnar body and the opening is clogged. When the vibration of the feeder is increased in order to avoid this, the behavior of the crushed material becomes intense, the direction regulating effect is weakened, and the opening part frequently occurs.

Further, as disclosed in Patent Document 2, there is a method in which a special rotating shaft is arranged on the discharge side of the feeder, and a long object is engaged and sorted. It is effective when selecting long objects contained in small particles such as slag, but the external dimensions are not much different from the crushed particle diameter as long objects contained in crushed resin ( When a product is selected with high accuracy, good results cannot always be obtained. If the long object stays on the long object engaging claw, the long object may be caught between the long object engaging claw and the lower surface of the guide plate and locked. Moreover, there is a possibility that the string-like or hinge-like thing may get entangled with the long object engaging rod, and as a result, the filter effect at the long object engaging rod is hindered, leading to a decrease in accuracy. As described above, the apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 2 has an extremely complicated shape of the rotation shaft, and therefore the shape and arrangement of the long object engaging rod, the long object engaging claw, and the guide plate are extremely optimized. May be difficult.
JP 2002-326054 A Registered Utility Model No. 3031853

Therefore, the objective is a simple structure, sorting device and a resin recycling side using the sorter certain long object contained in those having a particle size for sorting accuracy such as a resin crushed material of the present invention To provide a law .

In order to achieve the above object, the sorting apparatus according to the present invention regulates the transport means having a transport floor for placing and transporting the object to be sorted, and the longitudinal direction of the object to be sorted to be aligned with the transport direction. It is positioned along the discharge side end with a gap between the direction regulating means and the discharge side end of the transport floor, and sorts and discharges the sorting object according to the length in the longitudinal direction of the sorting object. And a sorting and discharging means.

  According to the sorting apparatus having the above configuration, the longitudinal direction of the object to be sorted can be regulated in the transport direction by the direction regulating means. As a result, the difference in the longitudinal dimension between the long object contained in the object to be sorted and the others can be clarified, and the sorting accuracy in the sorting and discharging means located with a gap from the transport floor can be improved. it can.

  Further, the direction regulating means may have a structure having a concave / convex pattern having a concave portion and a convex portion extending in the transport direction or a void pattern having a void portion extending in the transport direction. With this structure, the longitudinal direction of the long object can be aligned with the transport direction with a simple structure.

  The sorting and discharging means contacts the sorting object when the sorting object tilts beyond the end on the discharging side, and the sorting object moves in the center of gravity farther from the sorting and discharging means when viewed from the end on the discharging side. It can be constituted as follows. With this configuration, the sorting and discharging means is arranged so that it can be sorted and discharged using the gravity applied to the sorting object by taking a distance from the discharging side end according to the protruding length of the sorting object at the discharging side end. Can be arranged.

  The sorting and discharging means can be configured by any one of a driving roller, a partition plate positioned so that the plate surface follows a vertical line, and a vibration feeder. With this configuration, the object to be sorted can be easily moved farther than the sorting and discharging means when viewed from the end on the discharge side.

  The driving roller in the sorting and discharging means may be constituted by a single roller, or may be a roller positioned on the discharge end side of the conveyance floor of the constituent part of the belt conveyor. In the above, the driving roller or the belt conveyor can keep the distance between the end of the conveying floor and the driving roller constant because there is no surface protrusion while giving a conveying force by friction to the placed object. Furthermore, the object to be sorted is hardly caught or clogged. Therefore, it is possible to sort and discharge with an inexpensive and simple configuration while ensuring transportability and sorting accuracy.

  The long object comes into contact with the driving roller (sorting / discharging means) and is discharged without being clogged by applying an external force in a substantially conveying direction. On the other hand, the sorted items other than the long items are not sorted and discharged by the driving roller, and are collected separately from the long items by the collecting means including the gap between the driving roller and the conveyance floor. Thus, high-precision sorting of long objects can be performed with a simple configuration.

  Further, the drive roller can be configured such that its axis is positioned below the virtual extension surface of the transport floor and on the outside of the transport floor as viewed in plan. With this configuration, a long object can be discharged while being brought into contact with the drive roller, and crushed material other than the long object can be dropped into the gap. In addition, the above “view in plan” is synonymous with “view along the gravity line or the fall line”. The same applies to the following description.

  In addition, the above-described objects to be sorted include a long object whose length in the longitudinal direction is distributed in the range of the boundary value L or more, and a crush of the average diameter d which is distributed in the range whose length in the longitudinal direction is less than the boundary value L. The intersection S1 where the line connecting the discharge roller end C1 and the drive roller axis C2 intersects the drive roller surface as viewed from the side is centered on the discharge floor end C1 of the transfer floor. And the intersection S1 is a radius d / 2 centered on the intersection S2 between the arc A and the virtual extension surface of the transport floor and the end C1 on the discharge side of the transport floor. In the positional relationship between the arc B and the intersection S3 of the imaginary extended surface of the transport floor, it can be configured to be located between the intersection S2 and the intersection S3 in plan view.

  With the above configuration, when the center of gravity reaches the end C1 of the transport floor, the object to be sorted falls around the end C1, and comes into contact with the drive roller having the axis C2 and is collected. At this time, since the tip of the long object draws a track having a larger diameter than the other, the discharge drive has a branch point S1 for selecting the long object and the other on the track. By providing the roller, high-precision sorting becomes possible. In addition, as one of the limits of this track, by defining the intersection S2 with the surface extending the conveyance floor, it is possible to prevent the long object from being erroneously collected in the opening between the discharge drive roller and the conveyance floor. it can. Further, as the other limit, by defining an intersection S3 between an arc B having a radius d / 2 centered on the end C1 on the discharge side of the transport floor and the extended surface of the transport floor, the object other than the long object is long. It is possible to avoid contamination on the object side.

  The boundary value L can be set by the operator of the apparatus, but the setting range is naturally determined by the distribution of the long diameters of the objects to be sorted.

  In addition, in order to change the boundary value of a plurality of long objects to be discharged out by the sorting and discharging means from among the above-described objects to be sorted, the distance between the discharge side end of the transport floor and the sorting and discharging means is set. A selection size changing means for changing can be provided. With this configuration, the gap between the discharge side end of the transport floor and the sorting and discharging means (for example, the drive roller), that is, the straight line connecting the end of the transport floor on the discharge side and the opposite end of the sorting and discharging means. Can change the distance between the point of intersection with the surface of the sorting and discharging means (the branching point may be the opposite end of the sorting and discharging means). As a result, for example, it becomes possible to set the boundary size according to the longitudinal dimension distribution of the resin after being crushed, and it is possible to provide a resin that is easier to regenerate.

Further, when the direction regulating means is a plurality of guide plates that form gaps extending in the transport direction, the interval W between the plurality of guide plates and the boundary value L of the length in the longitudinal direction of the long object in the selection object Further, an arrangement in which a relationship of d ≦ W ≦ (L ² −d ² ) ^1/2 is established between the average diameter d and the average diameter d can be provided. With this configuration, the interval W between the guide plates is set to be equal to or larger than the average diameter d of the objects to be selected, and the objects to be selected can be smoothly guided to the grooves formed between the guide plates, so that the processing capability can be improved. If the interval W is less than the average diameter d, the objects to be sorted having a diameter larger than the average diameter will overflow on the guide plate. Further, by setting the interval W to be {(L ² −d ² ) ^1/2 } or less, the longitudinal direction of the objects to be sorted can be easily aligned in the groove direction, so that there is a difference between the long object and the others. It becomes clear and it becomes possible to ensure high sorting accuracy. For example, the side wall surface of the wall surrounding the transport floor can be regarded as a guide plate.

  Of the above objects to be sorted, those that are less than the boundary value L of the length of the long object fall from the opening formed by the gap between the discharge side end of the transport floor and the sorting and discharging means. Can be recovered. According to this configuration, since the sorted item dropped and collected from the opening does not contain a long item, there is no fear of clogging. For this reason, it is possible to collect at low cost by a simple mechanism of natural fall from the opening without employing a special mechanism.

  Moreover, the said conveyance means can convey, vibrating a conveyance floor and giving a vibration to a to-be-sorted object. With this configuration, the objects to be sorted can be transported while being properly leveled and unwound. As a result, it is possible to improve the sorting accuracy in the sorting and conveying means constituted by the discharge driving rollers arranged with a gap from the conveying floor.

  In addition, the transport unit may include an amplitude adjustment mechanism that adjusts the amplitude of the vibration. With this configuration, for example, if the amplitude is set to be large, an effect of unraveling the object to be selected is obtained, and the conveyance speed is increased to improve the processing capability. However, if it is set excessively, the position of the object to be sorted aligned in the longitudinal direction at the end of the transport floor is collapsed or flipped up, resulting in a decrease in sorting accuracy. That is, a long object that has been transported while being regulated in the longitudinal direction changes its posture near the end of the transport floor of the transport means and is collected by the discharge drive roller, or originally falls into the gap between the discharge drive roller and the transport floor. Then, things other than the long object that should be collected are bounced up at the end of the conveyance floor, jump over the gap, and are collected and collected by the discharge drive roller. On the other hand, by giving an amplitude that can suppress the above-mentioned unfavorable behavior without impairing the transportability of the object to be sorted, the posture does not collapse until it is recovered from the end of the transport floor by the discharge drive roller. Since it cannot be flipped up at the end of the conveyance floor, it is possible to select a long object with high accuracy. The optimum amplitude varies depending on various conditions such as the required sorting accuracy and processing capability, the specific gravity of the sorting object, the particle size, and the shape, and these need to be derived experimentally. For this reason, it becomes possible to respond | correspond to various to-be-sorted objects by setting it as the structure which can adjust the amplitude in a conveyance means.

  In addition, the conveying means may have at least one of a frequency adjusting mechanism that adjusts the vibration frequency and a gradient adjusting mechanism that adjusts the gradient of the conveying floor. With this configuration, if the processing capacity is insufficient with only the vibration transfer effect at the optimum amplitude, the transfer speed is increased by adjusting at least one of the vibration frequency of the transfer means and the gradient of the transfer floor, thereby improving the processing capacity. Can be measured. The optimum frequency or gradient varies depending on various conditions such as the required sorting accuracy and processing capacity, the amplitude of the transport means, the specific gravity of the material to be sorted, the particle size, and the shape, so these must be derived experimentally. is there. For this reason, it becomes possible to cope with various sort objects by adopting a structure in which the amplitude in the conveying means can be adjusted.

  Further, the direction regulating means can be configured to extend outward from the end on the discharge side of the transport floor as viewed in a plan view. According to this configuration, there is a long object whose longitudinal direction is not aligned with the transport direction due to the transport means and the guide plate depending on the input state of the objects to be sorted. Since such a long object is transported to the discharge side across the guide plate, it is transported to the end of the transport floor in a posture in which the longitudinal direction intersects the transport direction, and the gap (opening portion) is left as it is. ) May fall. Therefore, by extending the guide plate in the transport direction to a position covering a part or all of the opening, the long object is transported to the discharge drive roller as the sorting and discharging means while straddling the guide plate. That is, even when such a rare occurrence occurs, no sorting error occurs, and high sorting accuracy can be ensured.

  Moreover, it can be set as the structure which made the discharge speed by the said drive roller or a vibration feeder larger than the conveyance speed of a conveyance means. With this configuration, the long object selected by the gap between the transfer floor and the discharge driving roller is discharged faster than the transfer speed of the transfer means, so that the rear end of the selected long object becomes the end of the transfer floor. It will not interfere with the transport of subsequent objects to be sorted. In addition, since the time during which the sorted long object is in contact with both the transport floor and the discharge drive roller can be shortened, the long object that crosses the long object with the long object as a bridge The mixing rate of things other than can be reduced.

  Further, the resin recycling method according to the embodiment of the present invention can include a step of selecting the material to be sorted as a resin crushed material using the sorting device. With this configuration, by removing long objects from the crushed resin, it is possible to eliminate clogging that occurs when the crushed material is pumped inside the pipe with air or water, or when it is put into a device with a small inlet, and the resin recycling process Can be operated stably. In addition, the increase in size of the device due to the mixing of long objects and restrictions on the transport means are alleviated, and in addition to increasing the degree of freedom during line design, the size of the device (space saving) and cost reduction are achieved. be able to.

  Moreover, in the resin recycling method according to the present invention, the resin crushed material may be collected by crushing a designated item of the Home Appliance Recycling Law. In home appliance recycling plants, a large number of home appliances are roughly crushed with a limited number of crushers, so most of the crushed resin discharged from home appliance recycling plants is a mixture of resins of various materials. Resin. When this mixed resin is recycled, since sorting by material is inevitable, it is further finely crushed by a resin-specific crusher and then put into various sorters such as wind sorting or specific gravity sorting. At this time, in order to increase the sorting accuracy, it is inevitable to arrange a plurality of sorting devices, and if a long object is mixed, the possibility of clogging further increases, but this sorting device is introduced. This eliminates the possibility of clogging.

  Further, in the resin recycling method according to the present invention, as the material to be sorted, a resin crushed material, or a resin crushed material collected by crushing a specified item of the Home Appliance Recycling Law, and collected by the above apparatus, are long. The material is crushed again. The long objects selected by this method are those that have not been sheared to the pulverized particle size defined by the dedicated resin crusher, and the only difference from other than the long objects is the shape. If the sorted long material is discarded just because it causes clogging in a post-process device or piping, the recovery rate of the recycled material is lowered. Therefore, by returning these to the step before crushing again and crushing together with the resin before crushing, a resin crushed product having no long material can be obtained without impairing the recovery rate of the recycled material.

  Moreover, the recycled resin product according to the present invention uses a resin crushed material or a resin crushed material collected by crushing a specified item of the Home Appliance Recycling Law as the material to be sorted, and the resin collected by the above apparatus. It is a product containing. With this configuration, it is possible to obtain a crushed resin from which a large volume of a long product is removed. By using this as a recycled resin, kneading and preparing pellets, a recycled resin having stable physical properties can be obtained. Furthermore, a high-quality resin product using this can be molded. The recycled resin product includes both a resin product as a raw material and a resin product processed and molded using the resin product. Further, the resin may not be all regenerated by the above-described method, and may be included only in a part of the product.

According to the sorting apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to realize a sorting apparatus that accurately sorts a long object contained in a resin having a certain particle size such as a crushed resin, and a resin having stable physical properties. it is possible to provide a resin recycling how that can play.

  Hereinafter, the sorting device (long object sorting device) of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a sorting device 50 in the present embodiment. The sorting device 50 is a device for sorting and discharging a long product from a crushed resin mixed with a long product while a resin product such as a housing of a household electric appliance is crushed. From the input side of the sorting device 50, the resin crushed material that has already been crushed is input from the input chute 51. When the object to be sorted conveyed by the conveying means is discharged from the discharge side of the sorting device 50, it is sorted into a long object and other objects by the sorting mechanism described below, and the long object chute 52 and the long object are separated. Collected separately from the collected material chute 53 other than the material.

  Fig.2 (a) is a top view of the elongate object sorting device of one Embodiment, and FIG.2 (b) is a side view. With reference to FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B, the long object sorting device 50 is intended to select a long object having a longitudinal dimension of 32 mm or more contained in a resin crushed material having a crushed particle diameter of 14 mm. The feeder section 9 that generates vibration force by the electromagnetic coil 7 and the leaf spring 8 and performs vibration conveyance is installed with the discharge side inclined downward by 11 degrees. The feeder portion is slightly vibrated at a frequency of 3600 vpm and an amplitude of about 1 mm, and the resin crushed material placing surface (conveying floor) 23 of the trough 10 of the feeder portion 9 has a height of 15 mm in the same direction as the conveying direction. A plurality of rails (guide plates) 11 are formed at intervals of 20 mm. A driving roller 12 having a diameter of 35 mm is installed on the discharge side of the feeder unit 9 for discharging a long object. A urethane sheet is formed on the surface of the driving roller 12 so that a frictional force is generated satisfactorily when the crushed resin is placed on the surface of the driving roller 12. The long object is placed on the driving roller and discharged to the long object discharge side 15. Note that the resin crushed material varies depending on the hole diameter of the screen shown in FIG. 19A and the like, and for example, a diameter of 4 mm to 14 mm can be used. It is good also as a diameter larger than 14 mm.

  The rail 11 further extends outward by about 40 mm from the end portion of the resin crushed material placing surface 23, and is configured to bridge the opening 13 between the resin crushed material placing surface 23 and the drive roller 12. Although the length of the trough 10 in this embodiment is 550 mm, sufficient vibration effect can be obtained if it is about 400 mm from the loading position. In this example, 11 rails 11 having a plate thickness of 3 mm and a spacing of 20 mm were used on the resin crushed material placing surface 23 of the trough 10 having a total width of 250 mm, and the processing capacity was about 150 kg / h. If it is desired to further increase the processing capacity without adjusting the optimum value, the width of the trough 10 may be widened. Note that an amplitude adjusting mechanism and a gradient adjusting mechanism (not shown) are added to the feeder unit 9. These mechanisms will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

  Next, the details and mechanism of the device selection operation will be described. When the crushed resin material is introduced into the feeder side of the feeder unit 9, the crushed resin material is appropriately leveled and unraveled, and is oscillated and conveyed to the discharge side while being regulated by the rail 11 so that the longitudinal direction is aligned with the conveying direction. The Most of the long objects whose longitudinal direction and conveyance direction do not substantially coincide with each other at the time of loading are straddled on the plurality of rails 11, but the longitudinal direction is regulated as it is conveyed due to the effect of vibration. , Fits between the rails 11.

  In particular, there is a long object 14 such as a large long object that rarely fits on the rail 11 and arrives at the discharge side end of the resin crushed material placing surface 23, as shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b). As described above, since the rails 11 extend outward as described above, they are further transported on the rails 11 and fall directly from the upper side of the driving roller 12 to the long object discharge side 15. The accuracy is not reduced. When the center of gravity 16 reaches the end of the resin crushed material placing surface 23, the resin crushed material that has been accommodated in the groove within the interval between the rails 11 falls about the end C1 of the resin crushed material placing surface 23, and opens. It falls to the part (gap) 13 (see FIG. 4).

  At this time, as shown in FIG. 4, the track (arc) A at the tip of the long object 17 has a larger diameter track than those other than the long object. The crushed material having a long diameter shorter than the long material cannot contact. For this reason, the point S1 becomes a branch point. By changing the distance between the branch point S1 and the end C1 of the transfer floor 23, a long object having an arbitrary longitudinal dimension (32 mm in this embodiment) can be selected.

  In addition, by defining the intersection S2 between the arc P and the surface P1 extending the resin crushed material placing surface 23 as the upper limit point of the branch point S1, it is possible to prevent the long object from falling into the opening. Here, the upper limit point of the point S1 refers to a limit position far from the end C1 of the resin crushed material placement surface 23 as viewed in a plane, and the lower limit point of the point S1 refers to an end as viewed in a plane. Indicates the limit position close to part C1. As the lower limit of the point S1, the arc B and the resin crushed material placement surface 23 are extended with a radius of approximately one half of the average particle diameter d of the object to be sorted around the end C1 of the resin crushed material placement surface 23. An intersection S4 with the vertical line P2 drawn from the intersection S3 with the surface P1 is determined. That is, the branch point S1 is configured to be positioned between the upper limit point S2 and the lower limit point S4 (or S3) in a plan view, thereby sorting and collecting long objects and other resin crushed materials. Is achieved. In actual operation, in order to absorb variations due to the posture and overlap of the objects to be sorted at the end of the resin crushed material placing surface 23, the branch point is located more inside than the vicinity of the upper limit point S2 and the lower limit point S3 of the trajectory. It is desirable to place S1. In this embodiment, in order to sort out a long object having a length of 32 mm or more, it is tilted 40 degrees from the resin crushed material placing surface 23 on a track having a radius of 16 mm with the end of the resin crushed material placing surface 23 as the center. A branch point S1 is set at the position, and the driving roller 12 is arranged so as to be in contact with the track at the branch point S1.

  The branch point S 1 is also an intersection point where a straight line connecting the end C 1 of the transport floor 23 and the axis C 2 of the drive roller 12 intersects the surface of the drive roller 12. The distance between the branch point S1 and the end C1 of the transfer floor 23 corresponds to the boundary value of the long object whether or not the long object is discharged to the outside by the driving roller 12. By changing the position of the axis C2 of the driving roller 12 relative to the end C1 of the transport floor 23, the selection size can be changed. Such selection size changing means can be realized by changing the distance between the end C1 and the branch point S1, as described above, and can be easily realized by using an existing mechanism. Further, the selection size can be changed by changing the diameter of the drive roller 12.

  The arrangement of the driving roller 12 may be located in a wider area when the requirement for the degree of sorting of long objects is relatively loose. For example, the surface of the driving roller 12 has a transfer floor 23. The axis C2 is positioned below the imaginary extension surface P1, and the axis C2 is positioned outside the transport floor in plan view. With this configuration, a long object can be brought into contact with the drive roller by free fall and smoothly discharged without causing clogging, and crushed material other than the long object can be dropped into the gap. Here, the fact that the axis C2 is positioned outside the transport floor when seen in a plane means that the axis C2 is positioned on the discharge side with respect to the gravity line or the drop line P3 passing through the end C1 of the transport surface.

  If the distance between the rails 11 is smaller than the particle size of the objects to be selected, it is difficult for the objects to be selected to enter between the rails 11 and the processing capacity is greatly reduced.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 5, the maximum distance between the rails 11 is such that at least the transport direction component G of the distance from the center of gravity of the long object to the end in the longitudinal direction The distance is longer than the conveyance direction component g. Therefore, it should be set smaller than the square root of the value obtained by subtracting the square of the crushing particle diameter d from the square of the longitudinal dimension L of an arbitrary long object to be selected. In this embodiment, 20 mm, which is larger than the crushed particle size of 14 mm and smaller than the square root of 28.8 mm, which is obtained by subtracting the square of the crushed particle size of 14 mm from the square of the long dimension of 32 mm of the long object to be selected, is rail. Eleven spacing dimensions were selected. Since high sorting accuracy is realized by such a mechanism, in this apparatus, it is important to control the behavior of the resin crushed material at the end of the resin crushed material placing surface 23. Specifically, in order to prevent the body posture from collapsing until immediately before dropping into the opening 13 and to be flipped up at the end of the resin crushed material placing surface 23, unlike the conventional vibration classification, the optimum It can be seen that it is important to have the amplitude adjustment mechanism described in FIGS. 6 and 7 so that the amplitude is provided.

  The long object in contact with the drive roller 12 receives an external force in the same direction as the conveying direction of the feeder unit 9 due to the frictional force received from the contact surface, and is discharged to the long object discharge side 15. Since the roller surface has no irregularities, the distance from the end of the resin crushed material placing surface 23, that is, the branch point can be kept constant, and at the same time, the rail 11 and the driving roller 12 are hardly caught or clogged. Therefore, it is possible to ensure the transportability and the sorting accuracy while being an inexpensive and simple configuration. In this embodiment, the peripheral speed of the drive roller 12 is 10 m / min, and it is set slightly faster than the conveying speed of the feeder unit 9 to discharge a long object quickly. Accordingly, the rear end of the long object remaining at the end portion of the resin crushed material placing surface 23 does not hinder the conveyance of the subsequent object to be sorted. It is possible to shorten the time of contact with both the placement surface 23 and the driving roller 12. For this reason, the mixing rate of things other than a long thing which makes this long thing a bridge and crosses to a long thing side can be reduced.

  Next, the vibration amplitude adjusting mechanism will be described. 6 is a diagram for explaining a vibration amplitude adjusting mechanism, and FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion E in FIG. 6 and 7, the electromagnetic coil 7 and the leaf spring 8 are fastened by a leaf spring fixing bolt 81. In the present embodiment, the plate spring 8 can be slid up and down by making the bolt through hole 82 formed in the plate spring 8 a long hole. By adjusting the fastening position of the leaf spring 8, the spring constant of the leaf spring 8 varies depending on the distance from the leaf spring fixing bolt 81 to the feeder portion 9. Here, since the amplitude has a spring constant as a parameter, the amplitude can be adjusted by adjusting the spring constant, that is, the fastening position of the leaf spring 8.

  In the present embodiment, a gradient is given to the feeder unit 9 in addition to the vibration conveyance in order to increase the processing capacity. Next, the gradient adjustment mechanism will be described. When installing the vibrating body, the electromagnetic coil 7 that is a vibrating body is generally supported by a spring 72 in order to suppress vibration transmission from the electromagnetic coil 7 to the installation surface 71. In order to make the gradient adjustable, an electromagnetic coil base 73 is interposed between the spring 72 and the installation surface 71 as shown in FIG. A hinge 74 is linked to the bottom surface on the discharge side of the electromagnetic coil base 73 by a pin 75 so that the electromagnetic coil base 73 can rotate around the pin 75. Further, an adjustment bolt 76 protruding from the installation surface 71 is in contact with the bottom surface of the electromagnetic coil base 73 on the input surface side. Since the adjustment bolt 76 can be adjusted up and down according to the tap processed on the installation surface 71, the user can adjust the feeder unit 9 to an arbitrary gradient by rotating the adjustment bolt 76.

  If the gradient is too large, the conveyance speed increases, but sufficient leveling and unraveling effects cannot be obtained. As a result, the resin crushed material is excessively overlapped at the end of the resin crushed material placement surface 23, and the conveyance direction This causes the generation of velocity components. When such a phenomenon occurs, the sorting accuracy decreases, so the maximum value of the gradient is determined in consideration of various conditions such as the required sorting accuracy and processing capacity, the amplitude of the feeder section, the specific gravity of the object to be sorted, the particle size, and the shape. It must be derived experimentally. In the example, by providing the feeder unit 9 which has a vibration frequency of 3600 vpm and a vibration of about 1 mm with a gradient of 11 degrees, a good sorting accuracy can be obtained while increasing the processing capacity. The above-described optimum conditions can be adjusted even for objects having various specific gravities, particle diameters, and shapes by the amplitude and gradient adjusting mechanisms. In the present embodiment, the conveying force is applied by vibration, but the conveying force is applied, but if the gradient of the feeder unit 9 is appropriately adjusted, the same effect as this case can be obtained by simply generating vibration with a vibrator or the like. .

  Further, the processing capacity can be adjusted not by the gradient adjustment but also by the frequency adjustment. In this case, by adjusting the input frequency to the electromagnetic coil 7 by an inverter, the frequency of the feeder unit 9 is also changed, and the processing capacity can be adjusted.

  Next, modifications other than the guide plate of the direction regulating means in the present invention will be described. FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the conveyance floor itself has a direction regulation function. In FIG. 9, the conveyance floor 23 has the recessed part 23a and the recessed part 23b which are extended in a conveyance direction, The cross section forms the saw blade shape. Direction regulation can be performed while conveying the object to be sorted by the conveyance floor itself having such an uneven pattern.

  Further, when the direction regulating means is not formed on the transport floor, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the vibrating bars 11b are arranged at arbitrary intervals and vibrate to shake down the objects to be sorted downward, and the vibrating bars 11b It is comprised by the belt conveyor 31 which is arrange | positioned below and conveys a to-be-sorted object in the arrow direction. Although the vibrating rod 11b falls including a long object, the direction is restricted by the vibrating rod 11b at the time of dropping on the belt 31 and is separated with high accuracy by the driving roller 12 positioned later.

  Next, modifications other than the driving roller of the sorting and discharging means will be described. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a configuration in which sorting and discharging are performed by the partition plate 32 arranged so that the tip is parallel to the end C1 of the crushed resin material placement surface 23. By placing the front end position S1 of the partition plate in a range between the upper limit position S2 and the lower limit position S4 (or S3), the partition plate 32 can be used for selection. However, the long object may stop on the partition plate due to catching by burrs or frictional resistance between the long object 14 and the tip of the partition plate.

  In order to prevent the long object from stopping on the partition plate described above, it is effective to discharge the air blow 33 from the tip portion of the partition plate 32 as shown in FIGS. By discharging the air blow 33 from the tip of the partition plate 32, the long object 14 becomes difficult to contact the partition plate 32, so that burr catches and frictional resistance between the long object 14 and the tip of the partition plate 32 are greatly increased. It is reduced.

  As another example of preventing the long object from stopping on the partition plate described above, it is effective to vibrate the partition plate as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16. By vibrating the partition plate 32, even if the long object 14 comes into contact with the partition plate 32, it is slightly lifted up by the vibration, so that burrs are caught and frictional resistance between the long object 14 and the tip of the partition plate 32 is greatly increased. It is reduced.

Further, FIG. 17 shows an example of sorting and discharging means that does not use a driving roller and a partition plate. FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a configuration in which the vibration feeder 35 is used as the sorting and discharging means. In the sorting and discharging by the partition plate, since the conveying force is not given to the object to be sorted, there remains anxiety from the viewpoint of the conveying speed. By replacing the partition plate with the vibration feeder 35, not only the catching and frictional resistance can be greatly reduced, but also the conveyance speed can be ensured (faster than the conveyance speed of the conveyance means). When the position of the vibration feeder tip S1 is within the range of the upper limit point S2 and the lower limit point S4 (or S3) in a plan view, it is possible to make a good selection. Sorting and discharging by the vibration feeder can ensure a conveyance speed equivalent to that of the drive roller, but on the other hand, the branch point always fluctuates because of vibration. Therefore, strictly speaking, the length of the long object to be sorted varies, but usually the amplitude is about 1 mm, which is a level that is not problematic in actual use.

  When used for the purpose of removing long objects contained in the resin crushed material as in the above-described embodiment, it is possible to eliminate clogging caused by catching or bridging in an apparatus having a small inlet or a conveyance pipe line. As a result, there are no restrictions on the diameters of the apparatus and piping, and the degree of freedom during line design is increased. In addition, downsizing and cost reduction can be achieved. Furthermore, when pellets are prepared by melting and kneading with an extruder, it is possible to adjust regenerated pellets with more uniform and stable physical properties. Moreover, the effect mentioned above can be acquired, without reducing the collection | recovery rate of a resin crushed material by re-inputting the selected long thing to the process before crushing.

  In addition, as described above, recycled resin and recycled products obtained from resin crushed material excluding long objects using this device have more stable physical properties than those mixed with long objects. It is possible to provide a recycled resin and a recycled product with high quality.

  The embodiment disclosed this time should be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

  As described above, the sorting device and the like according to the present invention can perform sorting based on the difference in the length in the longitudinal direction by aligning the longitudinal direction of the resin crushed material, and the recycling process including the resin crushing process. In addition to miniaturization and cost reduction, it has become possible to provide high-quality recycled resin with stable physical properties without impairing the recovery rate. This principle can be applied not only to crushed resin products but also to sorting of granular materials and their long products, and is also effective in the manufacturing process of food products such as agricultural products and confectionery, and pharmaceutical products.

It is a figure explaining the operation state which has arrange | positioned the peripheral device to the selection apparatus in this Embodiment. It is a figure explaining the sorting device of this embodiment, (a) is a top view and (b) is a side view. It is a figure explaining the effect by a rail extension part, (a) is a top view, (b) is sectional drawing which follows the IIIB-IIIB line. It is explanatory drawing of the selection principle. It is explanatory drawing of a rail width upper limit. It is a figure explaining the amplitude adjustment mechanism which adjusts the amplitude of a vibration. It is the E section enlarged view of FIG. It is a figure explaining the gradient adjustment mechanism of a conveyance floor. It is sectional drawing which shows the conveyance floor which has an uneven | corrugated pattern as a modification of the direction control means in embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure which arranged the vibration rod as another modification of the direction control means in embodiment of this invention. It is XI-XI arrow sectional drawing in FIG. It is the perspective view which looked up the structure using a partition plate from the downward direction of a conveyance floor as a modification of the selection discharge | emission means in embodiment of this invention. In FIG. 12, it is a perspective view which shows the state which discharged the air blow from the front-end | tip of a partition plate (state in which the elongate thing is not inclined). It is a perspective view which shows the state which discharged the air blow from the front-end | tip of a partition plate (state in which the elongate thing inclined). In FIG. 12, it is a perspective view which shows vibrating the partition plate (a state in which the long object is not inclined). In FIG. 12, it is a perspective view which shows vibrating the partition plate (a state in which the long object is inclined). It is the perspective view which looked up at the structure using a vibration feeder as another modification of the selection discharge | emission means in embodiment of this invention from the downward direction of a conveyance floor. It is a structural diagram of a pre-in cutter type resin dedicated crusher. It is a screen structure figure of a plain cutter type resin dedicated crusher, (a) is a figure seen from the lower part, and (b) is a sectional view.

Explanation of symbols

  7 Electromagnetic coil, 8 leaf spring, 9 feeder section, 10 trough, 11 rail, 11b vibrating rod, 12 drive roller, 13 opening (gap), 14 long object not fit on rail, 15 long object discharge side, 16 Center of gravity, 17 Long object at end of trough, 23 Resin crushed material placing surface (conveyance floor), 23a Concavity of transport floor, 23b Convex of transport floor, 31 Belt conveyor, 32 Partition plate, 33 Air blow, 35 Vibration Feeder, 50 Sorting device, 51 Charging chute, 52 Long chute, 53 Collected chute, 71 Installation surface, 72 Spring, 73 Electromagnetic coil base, 74 Hinge, 75 pin, 76 Adjustment bolt, 81 Leaf spring fixing bolt, 82 Bolt through hole, 101 object to be crushed, 102 rotating flat blade, 103 housing, 104 fixed flat blade, 105 screen 106 hole, A orbit at the tip of a long object (arc), B orbit (arc) with a radius approximately half of the particle size of the object to be sorted, C1 end of transport floor, axis of C2 drive roller, S1 branch Point, S2 upper limit point, intersection of S3 arc B and extension surface P1, intersection of S4 arc A and surface P2, extension surface of P1 resin crushed material loading surface (conveyance floor), gravity line passing through P2 point S3, P3 Gravity line (vertical line) passing through the end C1 of the transport floor.

Claims (15)

Transport means having a transport floor for placing and transporting the objects to be sorted;
Direction regulating means for regulating the longitudinal direction of the objects to be sorted so as to align with the conveying direction;
Sorting and discharging means that is positioned along the discharge side end with a gap from the discharge side end of the transport floor, and sorts and discharges the sorting object according to the length in the longitudinal direction of the sorting object And
The sorting and discharging means is configured by a partition plate that is positioned so that the plate surface is along a vertical line, and the tip is arranged in parallel with the end of the transport floor,
A sorting device in which air is discharged from the tip of the partition plate or the partition plate vibrates.   The sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the direction regulating unit has a concave / convex pattern having a concave portion and a convex portion extending in the transport direction or a void pattern having a void portion extending in the transport direction.   The sorting and discharging means contacts the sorting object when the sorting object tilts beyond the end on the discharge side, and the sorting object is located farther from the sorting and discharging means when viewed from the end on the discharging side. The sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the sorting apparatus moves the center of gravity.   4. The sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the front end of the partition plate is positioned below a virtual extension surface of the transport floor and outside the transport floor as viewed in a plan view.   The object to be sorted includes a long object whose longitudinal length is distributed in a range of the boundary value L or more, and a crushed object having a longitudinal length distributed in a range of less than the boundary value L and having an average diameter d. When viewed from the side, the tip position S1 of the partition plate is on an arc A having a radius L / 2 centered on the end C1 on the discharge side of the transport floor, and the tip position S1 is the arc. An intersection S2 between A and the virtual extension surface of the transfer floor, and an intersection S3 of an arc B having a radius d / 2 centered on the discharge-side end C1 of the transfer floor and the virtual extension surface of the transfer floor 5. The sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the sorting device is located between the intersection S 2 and the intersection S 3 in a plan view.   In order to change the boundary value of a plurality of long objects discharged out of the objects to be sorted out by the sorting and discharging means, a distance between the discharge side end of the transport floor and the sorting and discharging means is set. The sorting apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a sorting size changing unit for changing. When the direction regulating means is a plurality of guide plates that form gaps extending in the transport direction, the guide plate interval W, the boundary value L of the length in the longitudinal direction of the object to be sorted, and the average diameter between the d, d ≦ W ≦ (L 2 -d 2) comprising an ^{arrangement 1/2} relationship holds, sorting device according to claim 5 or 6.   Among the objects to be sorted, those which are less than the boundary value L of the length in the longitudinal direction of the long object fall from an opening formed by a gap between the discharge side end of the transport floor and the sorting and discharging means. The sorting device according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein   The sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the transport unit vibrates the transport floor and transports the object to be sorted while vibrating.   The sorting apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the transport unit includes an amplitude adjustment mechanism that adjusts an amplitude of the vibration.   11. The sorting apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the transport unit includes at least one of a frequency adjustment mechanism that adjusts a frequency of the vibration and a gradient adjustment mechanism that adjusts a gradient of the transport floor.   The sorting device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the direction restricting means extends outward from an end on a discharge side of the transport floor as viewed in a plan view.   The resin recycling method including the process of classifying using the sorting device in any one of Claims 1-12 as the above-mentioned sort thing as a crushed resin.   The resin recycle method according to claim 13, wherein the resin crushed material is collected by crushing a designated item of the Home Appliance Recycling Law.   The resin recycling method of crushing again the long thing selected at the selection process of the resin recycling method of the said Claim 13 or 14.

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