JP4634038B2 - 化学反応器 - Google Patents
化学反応器 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4634038B2 JP4634038B2 JP2003556157A JP2003556157A JP4634038B2 JP 4634038 B2 JP4634038 B2 JP 4634038B2 JP 2003556157 A JP2003556157 A JP 2003556157A JP 2003556157 A JP2003556157 A JP 2003556157A JP 4634038 B2 JP4634038 B2 JP 4634038B2
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Description
a)面と面とが接合している金属プレートの少なくとも1つのスタックからなるコア、
b)コア内に配置された複数の反応ゾーン、
c)コア内に配置された複数の触媒受容ゾーン、
d)第一反応物質を反応ゾーンおよび反応ゾーン間へ輸送するための、プレートのうちの少なくともいくつかに備えられた第一流路配置構造であり、該反応ゾーンを相互に連結している該第一流路配置構造の部分が、熱交換流路としての長さの少なくとも一部より長く形成されている第一流路配置構造、
e)プレートのうちの少なくともいくつかに備えられ、第二反応物質が各反応ゾーンへ送達されるように配置された第二流路配置構造、および
f)第三反応物質を触媒受容ゾーンおよび触媒受容ゾーン間へ輸送するための、プレートのうちの少なくともいくつかに備えられた第三流路配置構造であり、該触媒受容ゾーンを相互に連結している該第三流路配置構造の部分が、熱交換流路としての長さの少なくとも一部より長く形成されており、該熱交換流路は第一流路配置構造の熱交換流路に近接して熱交換ができるように配置されている第三流路配置構造、
を有する化学反応器を提供するものとして広く定義できる。
a)第一反応物質を、第一流路配置構造を経由して上記反応器の反応ゾーンに導き、連続的に反応ゾーンを通過させ、
b)第一反応物質とそれぞれの反応ゾーンで発熱反応するように選択された第二反応物質を、並列供給により第二流路配置構造経由で反応ゾーンに導き、そして
c)同時に第三反応物質を、第三流路配置構造経由で触媒受容ゾーンに含まれる触媒に連続的に通過させ、その際反応物質を第一流路配置構造の熱交換流路を通過中に発熱反応生産物からの熱に曝露する、
ことからなる方法を提供するものとして広く定義することができる。
12− 陽極ガスの冷却
メタン/水の予備加熱
13− 合成ガス冷却/一酸化炭素酸化/水性ガスシフト(WGS)
水の沸騰
14− 合成ガスの冷却
メタン(供給ガス)の予備加熱/予備改質
15− 排ガスの冷却
陽極オフガス(燃料)/空気の予備加熱
16− 排ガスの冷却
水の沸騰
17− 排ガスの冷却
供給物質の予備加熱/予備改質
18− 多段式燃焼
反応物質の多段式加熱
多段式改質
これらの機能の重要なものについては、本願明細書中で後により詳細に記載する。
プレート32A:第一反応物質(すなわち燃焼支援ガス)を運ぶ。
プレート32B:第二反応物質(すなわち燃料)を運ぶ。
プレート32C(1):第三反応物質の最初の流れ(すなわち合成ガス1)を運ぶ。
プレート32A:第一反応物質(すなわち燃焼支援ガス)を運ぶ。
プレート32B:第二反応物質(すなわち燃料)を運ぶ。
プレート32C(2):第三反応物質の第二の流れ(すなわち合成ガス2)を運ぶ。
Claims (18)
- a)積層されて面と面とが接合している金属プレートのスタックからなるコア、
b)コア内に配置されており、それぞれがコア内で金属プレートの積層方向に延びている複数の反応ゾーン、
c)コア内に配置されており、それぞれがコア内で金属プレートの積層方向に延びている複数の触媒受容ゾーン、
d)第一反応物質を反応ゾーンまたはその間へ輸送するための、プレートのうちのいくつかに備えられた第一流路配置構造であって、該第一流路配置構造の、該反応ゾーンを相互に連結している部分が、熱交換流路部を含む第一流路配置構造、
e)プレートのうちの少なくともいくつかに備えられ、第二反応物質を各反応ゾーンへ送達するように配設された第二流路配置構造、および
f)第三反応物質を触媒受容ゾーンおよびその間へ輸送するための、上記の第一流路配置構造を含まないプレートのうちの少なくともいくつかに備えられた第三流路配置構造であって、該第三流路配置構造の、該触媒受容ゾーンを相互に連結している部分が、その熱交換流路部としての部分よりも長く形成されており、該第三流路配置構造の該熱交換流路部が、第一流路配置構造の熱交換流路部に近接して配置され、これにより第一流路配置構造の熱交換流路部と近接して熱交換ができるようにされている第三流路配置構造、
を含むことを特徴とする化学反応器。 - 前記コアが、前記金属プレートの単一のスタックを含み、該金属プレートは、面と面が互いに接触するように拡散接合されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の化学反応器。
- 前記の各反応ゾーンが、前記積層されたプレートに配置されかつ該プレートの積層方向にその位置が一致するように配列されている開口部からなることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の化学反応器。
- 各触媒受容ゾーンが、前記積層されたプレートに配置されかつ該プレートの積層方向にその位置が一致するように配列されている開口部からなることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の化学反応器。
- 反応ゾーンが、燃焼ゾーンを構成していることを特徴とする請求項2〜4のいずれかに記載の化学反応器。
- 反応ゾーンが、第一反応物質および第二反応物質の触媒燃焼をもたらすために選択された触媒で充填されていることを特徴とする請求項2〜5のいずれかに記載されている化学反応器。
- 前記プレートは、6枚の積層プレートのグループが繰り返すように積層され、その第一プレートおよび第四プレート(上から順に数えた場合)が第一反応物質を反応ゾーンおよびその間に輸送するための第一流路配置構造を備えて形成されており、第二プレートおよび第五プレートが第二反応物質を反応ゾーンに輸送するための第二流路配置構造を備えて形成されており、そして第三プレートおよび第六プレートが第三反応物質を触媒受容ゾーンおよびその間に輸送するための第三流路配置構造を備えて形成されていることを特徴とする、請求項2〜6のいずれかに記載の化学反応器。
- 第二プレートおよび第五プレートの厚さが、各グループにおける他のプレートの厚さより小さいことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の化学反応器。
- 第二流路配置構造を構成する流路構成要素の断面積が、第一流路配置構造および第三流路配置構造を構成する流路構成要素のそれよりも小さいことを特徴とする請求項7または8に記載の化学反応器。
- 反応ゾーンが並列的に二列に配列され、第一流路配置構造が該二列に配列された反応ゾーンの間で直線的に伸びていることを特徴とする請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載の化学反応器。
- 触媒受容ゾーンが並列的に三列に配列され、そのうちの一列は反応ゾーンの列の間に位置し、他の二列は反応ゾーンの列の外側に位置することを特徴とする請求項10に記載の化学反応器。
- 燃料電池で使用するのに適した改質器を構成することを特徴とする請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載の化学反応器。
- 燃焼ゾーンとしても作用する反応ゾーンおよび触媒受容ゾーンを組み込んだ改質器ステージを有する燃料処理器に組み込まれた請求項2〜12のいずれかに記載の化学反応器。
- プロトン交換膜燃料電池で使用される燃料処理器に組み込まれ、該燃料処理器が、燃焼ゾーンとしても作用する反応ゾーンおよび触媒受容ゾーンを組み込んだ改質ステージを有することを特徴とする、請求項2〜12のいずれかに記載の化学反応器。
- 化学反応器がその一部を構成する前記燃料処理器が、少なくとも1つの予備改質ステージを組み込んでおり、該ステージは少なくとも一つの触媒受容ゾーンを組み込んでいることを特徴とする、請求項13または請求項14に記載の化学反応器。
- 燃料処理器が、加熱された合成ガスによって加熱されるように配設されている少なくとも一つの予備改質ステージを組み込んでいることを特徴とする請求項15に記載の化学反応器。
- 燃料処理器が、使用時に第三流路配置構造の一部を通して導かれる加熱された排ガスによって加熱されるように配設されている予備改質器を少なくとも1つ組み込んでいることを特徴とする、請求項15に記載の化学反応器。
- 上記請求項1〜17のいずれかに記載された化学反応器における化学反応を実施する方法であり、以下の工程、すなわち:
a)第一反応物質を、第一流路配置構造を経由して上記化学反応器の反応ゾーンに導き、連続的に反応ゾーンを通過させ、
b)それぞれの反応ゾーンで上記第一反応物質と発熱反応するように選択された第二反応物質を、供給により第二流路配置構造を経由して反応ゾーンに導き、そして
c)同時に第三反応物質を、第三流路配置構造経由で触媒受容ゾーン内の触媒中へ連続的に通過させ、その際、該第三反応物質を、前記第一流路配置構造の熱交換流路を通過中の発熱反応生産物からの熱に曝露し熱交換させる、
工程を含むことを特徴とする方法。
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BR0306721B1 (pt) | 2013-09-24 |
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WO2003055585A1 (en) | 2003-07-10 |
US7276214B2 (en) | 2007-10-02 |
NO338329B1 (no) | 2016-08-08 |
AU2003201195B2 (en) | 2007-05-17 |
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AUPR981702A0 (en) | 2002-01-31 |
RU2302287C2 (ru) | 2007-07-10 |
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