JP4633454B2 - Drilling rig - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a reverse type excavator.

Conventionally, as an example of this type of reverse excavator, there is one described in Patent Document 1 below. In general, these reverse drilling apparatuses suspend a drilling unit in a drilling hole such as a vertical hole drilled in the ground, and drill the bottom of the hole with the drilling unit while injecting water as a stable liquid into the drilling hole. The muddy water in the drilling hole is sucked from the suction port of the drilling unit by a drainage pump disposed on the ground above the drilling hole, and further drained into a settling tank installed on the ground around the drilling hole. On the other hand, the sediment is sedimented, while the supernatant water is poured again into the borehole as a stable liquid, and the drainage is circulated to discharge the excavated soil outside the borehole.
JP 2004-263561 A

  However, in such a conventional reverse type excavator, the depth of the excavation hole and the installation height of the drainage pump exceed the upper limit (for example, about 10 m) of the suction pump suction pump, and the inside of the excavation hole cannot be drained. In addition, the drainage flow rate may decrease and the excavation efficiency may decrease.

  For example, when performing an elevated construction of a railway track laid on the ground, it is necessary to construct a foundation structure such as a plurality of bridge piers for the elevated railway on both sides of the railway.

  In addition, in order to construct this foundation structure on the ground, it is necessary to drive foundation foundation piles into the ground. To that end, multiple pile holes for placing foundation piles must be installed in the ground. Need to form.

  However, when such a foundation pile driving construction site cannot secure a relatively large construction site around the construction site, for example in an urban area, a railroad track is used to secure a work space immediately above the railway track. There is a method of constructing a directly above machine that is sufficiently higher than the train traveling above and straddling the width direction of the track, and forming a work floor on the directly above machine.

  In this case, the excavation unit is suspended from the above-mentioned machine by a crane or the like so as to be lifted and lowered, and excavated while pouring water into the excavation hole. A method of installing on the work floor is conceivable.

  However, in this method, since the height from the ground to the work floor of the machine directly above is sufficiently high, there is a high possibility that the suction lift of the drainage pump will exceed the upper limit even if the excavation hole is not deep. Further, since the suction lift of the drainage pump is increased by the height of the work floor of the directly above machine, there is a problem that the drainage flow rate is reduced and the excavation efficiency of the excavation hole is lowered.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and its purpose is that the suction lift of the drain pump that drains the water (mud water) in the borehole is small, so that the drainage efficiency is good, and consequently An object of the present invention is to provide a drilling device having good excavation efficiency.

The invention according to claim 1 is capable of communicating with the suction port and an excavator having a drilling unit that rotates in the water-filled drilling hole and drills the drilling hole, and a suction port that sucks water in the drilling hole. A drainage pump that is attached to the excavator and drains the water in the excavation hole to the outside, and the drainage pump is disposed on one side of the rotating shaft of the excavation part, and on the opposite side Further, the excavator is characterized in that a balance weight having substantially the same weight as the drainage pump is disposed .

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the drain pump is a hydraulic drive pump, and a hole reel that rewinds or rewinds a pair of hydraulic hoses for supplying and draining pressure oil to the drain pump as the drain pump is raised and lowered. The excavator according to claim 1 , comprising:

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the excavator is connected to the excavation part so that a rotatable drill pipe can communicate with the suction port, and the drainage pump is attached to a gantry fixed to the drill pipe. The excavator according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the excavator is fixed.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a rectangular tube-shaped kelly bar pipe connected to the drill pipe so as to communicate therewith, and a rotation driving device that rotates the drilling section by rotating the kelly bar pipe around its central axis. The excavator according to claim 3 , wherein the excavator is provided.

The invention according to claim 5 includes a crane that suspends the excavator through the kelly bar pipe and the drill pipe so as to be movable up and down, and a traveling device that travels on a rail laid on the ground near the excavation hole. The excavator according to claim 2, further comprising: a crane and an overhead machine on which the excavator is mounted.

  According to the present invention, the drainage pump communicating with the suction port of the excavator is attached to the excavator that excavates the drilling hole while pouring water into the excavation hole. It is uniquely determined by the height from the mouth to the suction port of the excavator, and can be always reduced regardless of the depth of the excavation hole.

  For this reason, it is possible to improve the drainage efficiency of the drainage pump or increase the drainage flow rate, thereby improving the drilling efficiency of the drilling hole.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on a plurality of attached drawings. In the accompanying drawings, the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway front view showing an overall configuration of an excavating apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged front view of a main part of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a bottom view of FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway front view of the device 1. FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the excavator 1 is a reverse excavator suitable for, for example, an elevated construction of a railroad track, and includes a frame structure such as a steel frame configured to be able to run on the ground (ground) 2. An overhead machine 3, a crane 5 placed on the work floor 4 of the overhead machine 3, an excavation unit 6 suspended by the crane 5 so as to be movable up and down, and a rotary drive device 7 that rotationally drives the excavation unit 6. It has.

  The directly above machine 3 rails a pair of left and right legs 3a, 3b that stand up at a required height on both outer sides in the width direction of a railway line (not shown) laid on the ground 2, and the pair of left and right legs 3a, 3b. There is provided a work floor 4 which is connected in the width direction above the track and straddles the railway track in the width direction, and steps 3c formed from the work floor 4 to the lower ends of the leg portions 3a and 3b.

  The work floor 4 has a height sufficiently higher than a train and a power supply line (not shown) that run on the railway track, and can perform work even when the train is running.

  The pair of left and right leg portions 3a, 3b of the directly above machine 3 are provided with a plurality of traveling wheels 3d, 3d,... At the lower ends thereof at required locations such as the front and rear portions in the traveling direction.

  These traveling wheels 3d are self-propelled on a traveling rail (not shown) that is temporarily installed in parallel to the railway track on both outer sides in the width direction of the railway track (not shown), and a driving device such as a driving motor (not shown); And a control device (not shown) that controls the driving of the driving device to control traveling such as forward, reverse, traveling speed, and stop.

  The crane 5 is a hoisting machine such as a jib crane capable of rotating the jib 5a at a required angle, and the excavation unit 6 is suspended by a wire rope 5b via a hydraulic swivel 8 of a rotatable joint so that the excavation unit 6 can be raised and lowered. .

  As shown in FIG. 4, the hydraulic swivel 8 has an upper portion 8 a and a lower portion 8 b that are rotatably joined. A wire rope 5 b is connected to the upper portion 8 a of the swivel and suspended while an upper drain pipe 9 is connected. is doing. The tip of the upper drain pipe 9 is connected to a slush container which is a muddy water settling tank (not shown), and the slash container is connected to a soil discharge device (not shown).

  The hydraulic swivel 8 is connected to the hydraulic unit 11 via a pair of upstream hydraulic hoses 10 and 10 for feeding oil and returning oil at an upper portion 8a. The hydraulic unit 11 includes an oil pump that discharges pressure oil having a predetermined pressure as a working fluid and sucks and circulates return oil.

  The hydraulic swivel 8 has a pair of downstream hydraulic hoses 12 and 12 connected to the lower portion 8b for oil feeding and return oil. Further, the hydraulic swivel 8 connects the upstream hydraulic hoses 10 and 10 and the oil feeding sides of the downstream hydraulic hoses 12 and 12 and the return oil sides inside the upper portion 8a and the lower portion 8b, respectively. An oil supply side communication oil passage and a return oil side communication oil passage are formed, respectively.

  The hydraulic swivel 8 has a hollow square tubular kelly bar pipe 13 fixed to a lower portion 8b thereof, and a reel mount 14 is fixed to an intermediate portion in the axial direction of the kelly bar pipe 13. A pair of left and right hose reels 15a and 15b in FIG. 4 are pivotally attached to the left and right ends of the reel base 14 in FIG. 4, and are tensioned or relaxed as the Kellyba pipe 13 rotates around the central axis and moves up and down. The downstream hydraulic hoses 12 and 12 are wound or unwound by the hose reels 15a and 15b to prevent the hydraulic hose 12 from being entangled with the kelly bar pipe 12 and the like.

  The rotary drive device 7 has a turntable 7a that detachably holds the outer surface of the square-shaped Kelly bar pipe 13 and rotates it around its central axis.

  The kelly bar pipe 13 has a cylindrical drill pipe 16 connected in the axial direction via a joint flange 13a at the lower end in FIG. The inside of the drill pipe 16 communicates with the upper drainage pipe 9 through the inner cavity of the Keriba pipe 13, while the drill pipe 16 is suspended in the excavation hole 17 excavated in the ground 2, and depends on the depth of the excavation hole 17. A plurality of them are sequentially connected in the axial direction by the joint flange.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 4, the lowermost drill pipe 16a has an upper end joint flange 19b of the suction pipe 19 of the excavator 18 connected to the lower end joint flange in the figure. The lower end of the suction pipe 19 in the figure is opened as a suction port 19a.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the excavator 18 fixes, for example, a Y-shaped excavation bit 20 concentrically to the outer peripheral surface of the suction pipe 19, and rotates the excavation bit 20 around the central axis of the suction pipe 19. The bottom of the excavation hole 17 is excavated, and mud mixed with excavated soil and water is sucked from the intake port 19a of the intake pipe 19.

  As shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 4, the lowermost drill pipe 16 a has a pump frame 21 having a frame shape of, for example, a triangular shape concentrically fixed to the outer surface of the axially intermediate portion. The bottom of the drainage pump 22 is fixed to one end (the right end in FIGS. 2, 3, 4) of the triangular bottom frame 21 a of the pump mount 21, and the bottom frame 21 a on the opposite side of the drainage pump 22. On the top, a solid cylindrical balance weight 23 having substantially the same weight as the drainage pump 22 is fixed and integrally constructed as the excavation unit 6.

  The drainage pump 22 is a hydraulic drive pump, and a pair of hydraulic hoses 12 and 12 for oil supply and return oil are connected to a pressure oil suction port and a pressure oil discharge port, respectively. Further, the drainage pump 22 connects the suction pipe 22a communicating with the drainage suction port to the lower end side surface of the lowermost end drill pipe 16a, while the discharge pipe 22b communicating with the drainage discharge outlet is provided above the lowermost end drill pipe 16a. That is, it is connected to the upper side surface located above the suction pipe 22a.

  Moreover, the pump mount 21 fixes the middle of a pair of hydraulic hoses 12 and 12 to the horizontal upper frame 21b.

  During excavation of the excavation hole 17 by the excavation unit 6, the water W is constantly poured as a stable liquid from the upper end of the opening on the ground 2 to a substantially full state. This water pump sucks and pours the supernatant water of the slush container of the settling tank. Moreover, in FIG. 1, the code | symbol 24 is stand pipes (mouth pipes), such as a cylinder of both ends opening.

Next, the process of excavating the excavation hole 17 in the ground (ground) 2 using the excavator 1 will be described.
(1) First, the overhead machine 3 travels on a traveling rail (not shown) by a plurality of traveling wheels 3d with the crane 5 placed on the work floor 4 to the excavation site of the required excavation hole 17. Moving.
(2) Next, the stand 5 is suspended from the work floor 4 of the overhead machine 3 by the crane 5 and driven into the ground 2 where the excavation hole 17 is to be formed. Thereafter, the inside of the stand pipe 24 is excavated by a not-illustrated hammer magnet held by the crane 5, and the upper end portion of the excavation hole 17 is formed by excavating to the lower end of the stand pipe 24.
(3) Thereafter, the reverse excavation unit 6 is installed and supplied with water.

  In other words, the kelly bar pipe 13 and the hydraulic swivel 8 are sequentially attached to the drill pipe 16a of the excavating unit 6, and the wire rope 5b is connected to the hydraulic swivel 8 and suspended by the crane 5, and the kelly bar pipe 13 is gripped by the rotary table 7a. In this state, the excavation unit 6 is suspended in the excavation hole 17. At this time, water is poured into the stand pipe 24, and the water is poured until the water surface is positioned at a predetermined distance (for example, 2 m) or more above the ground water level GWL of the ground as shown in FIG.

  The force that presses the excavation unit 6 against the ground (ground) 2 or the bottom ground of the excavation hole 17 adjusts the lifting force of the crane 5 that suspends the excavation unit 6, and the optimum amount of the own weight of the excavation unit 6 is applied to the ground. Obtained by adding.

  The driving device 7 rotates the turntable 7a that detachably holds the Keriba pipe 13. As a result, the drill pipe 16 concentrically fixed to the Kelly bar pipe 13 by the joint flange and the lowermost drill pipe 16a unitized in the drilling unit 6 rotate around its central axis.

  For this reason, the entire excavation unit 6 rotates around the center axis of the drill pipe 16a, and the excavation bit 20 rotates.

  As a result, the bottom of the excavation hole 17 is excavated in the vertical direction by the excavation bit 20. During the excavation, water is poured into the excavation hole 17 as a stable liquid from a water supply pump (not shown).

  Therefore, the excavated soil excavated by the excavating bit 20 is mixed with water injection to become muddy water, and is sucked by the drainage pump 22 from the suction port 19a of the excavating bit 20.

  The muddy water sucked in by the drainage pump 22 is discharged from the excavation hole 17 through the lumens of the discharge pipe 22b, the drill pipes 16, 16,. It is discharged into a drainage sedimentation tank (not shown) such as a slush container on the ground. In this drainage settling tank, the sediment settles and is separated from the supernatant water. Here, the separated water is again poured into the borehole 17 by a water supply pump (not shown) and circulated. As the water (stabilizing liquid) circulates, the excavated sediment in the excavation hole 17 is discharged to the ground, and a mud cake having a high specific gravity as a water-impervious film is generated on the wall surface of the excavation hole 17. In addition to the water shielding film and the stand pipe 24, the water level in the excavation hole 17 held at a predetermined height (for example, 2 m or more) from the groundwater level GWL causes the required hydrostatic pressure to act on the hole wall, so that during excavation The pore wall is retained and its collapse is prevented or suppressed.

  And since the drainage pump 22 is integrated with the excavation bit 22 provided with the suction port 19a, and is unitized as the excavation unit 6, this drainage pump 22 is arrange | positioned in the vicinity of the suction port 19a of the excavation bit 20. The suction lift of 22 can be always reduced regardless of the excavation depth of the excavation hole 17.

  For this reason, even if the excavation unit 6 is suspended from the work floor 4 of the overhead machine 3 that is sufficiently higher than the ground 2, the water in the excavation hole 17 is always drained by the drain pump 22 in the excavation hole 17. It is possible to prevent or suppress a decrease in the drainage flow rate.

  Further, the drain pump 22 is submerged in the water in the excavation hole 17, but since it is a hydraulic drive pump, it is possible to prevent electric leakage, an electrical short circuit, and the like like an electric motor pump.

  Further, a pair of hydraulic hoses 12 and 12 that are relaxed or tensioned when the Keriba pipe 13 to the excavating unit 6 rotate around its central axis and when it moves up and down in the axial direction are wound up by the hose reels 15a and 15b. Or, since it is rewound, it is possible to prevent the pair of hydraulic hoses 12 and 12 from being entangled and interfered with each other.

  After excavating the excavation hole 17 with the excavator 1 in this way, a reinforced concrete foundation pile is placed in the excavation hole 17 through the following steps in sequence.

(1) Depth measurement of the borehole 17 and slime treatment. That is, it is determined whether or not the excavation hole 17 has a predetermined depth, and after confirming that the excavation hole 17 has the predetermined depth, the mud and floating deposits accumulated in the bottom of the excavation hole 17 are removed as slime.
(2) Reinforcing bar reinforcement. The reinforcing bar for the reinforced concrete foundation pile is suspended in the excavation hole 17 by the crane 5.
(3) Tremy tube insertion and slime treatment. The treme tube is inserted into the reinforcing bar inserted in the excavation hole 17, and the slime at the inner bottom of the excavation hole 17 is sucked again through the treme tube and discharged to the outside.
(4) Concrete placement. The ready-mixed concrete is poured into the tremy pipe, and the excavation hole 17 is filled with ready-mixed concrete.
(5) Pulling out the stand pipe 25. The stand pipe 24 is lifted by the crane 5 and the stud pipe 25 is pulled out from the mouth of the excavation hole 17.
(6) Covering / establishment. The concrete placed in the excavation hole 17 is cured and covered with soil.

  On a plurality of reinforced concrete foundation piles formed in this way, foundation structures such as bridge piers for elevated railway tracks are erected.

  In addition, although the case where the Y-shaped excavation bit 20 was used was demonstrated in the said embodiment, this invention is not limited to this, The shape of the excavation bit 20 is not limited.

  Moreover, although the case where the drainage pump 22 was fixed to the excavation bit 20 by the pump mount 21 and unitized was described, the present invention is not limited to this, and the drainage pump 22 is connected to the suction port 19a of the excavation bit 20. It may be arranged in the vicinity.

The schematic diagram which shows the whole excavation apparatus structure concerning one Embodiment of this invention. The enlarged front view of the excavation unit shown in FIG. The enlarged bottom view of the excavation unit shown in FIG. The principal part enlarged front view which abbreviate | omits and shows a part of excavation unit shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 Excavator 2 Ground (Ground)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 Direct overhead machine 4 Work floor 5 Crane 6 Excavation unit 7 Rotation drive device 8 Hydraulic swivel 9 Upper drain pipe 12 Hydraulic hose 13 Kelly bar pipes 15a and 15b Hose reel 16 Drill pipe 16a Bottom end drill pipe 17 Excavation hole 18 Excavator 19a Excavator Suction port 20 Drilling bit 21 Pump mount 22 Drainage pump

Claims (5)

An excavator having a drilling portion that rotates in the water-filled excavation hole and excavates the excavation hole, and a suction port that sucks water in the excavation hole;
A drainage pump that is attached to the excavator so as to communicate with the suction port and drains the water in the excavation hole to the outside;
Equipped with,
The excavator according to claim 1, wherein the drain pump is disposed on one side of the rotary shaft of the excavation section, and a balance weight having substantially the same weight as the drain pump is disposed on the opposite side . The drainage pump is a hydraulic drive pump, and includes a hole reel that winds or rewinds a pair of hydraulic hoses for supplying and draining pressure oil to the drainage pump according to raising and lowering of the drainage pump. The excavator according to claim 1. The excavator is connected to the excavation part so that a rotatable drill pipe can communicate with the suction port,
The drainage pump drilling apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fixed to the frame that is fixed to the drill pipe. A rectangular tube-shaped Keriba pipe connected to the drill pipe so as to communicate with the drill pipe;
A rotary drive device for rotating the excavation part by rotating the kelly bar pipe around its central axis;
The excavator according to claim 3 , comprising: A crane for lifting the excavator up and down via the kelly bar pipe and drill pipe;
An overhead machine having a traveling device that travels on a rail laid on the ground in the vicinity of the excavation hole, and on which the crane and the excavator are mounted;
The excavator according to claim 2, wherein the excavator is provided.

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