JP4633107B2 - Casting equipment - Google Patents

Casting equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4633107B2
JP4633107B2 JP2007312036A JP2007312036A JP4633107B2 JP 4633107 B2 JP4633107 B2 JP 4633107B2 JP 2007312036 A JP2007312036 A JP 2007312036A JP 2007312036 A JP2007312036 A JP 2007312036A JP 4633107 B2 JP4633107 B2 JP 4633107B2
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cavity
hot water
casting apparatus
water reservoir
pin
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JP2009131888A (en
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清 柴田
敏朗 市原
英司 山田
敬三 田上
正光 山下
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2007312036A priority Critical patent/JP4633107B2/en
Priority to CN2008801188858A priority patent/CN101883651B/en
Priority to PCT/JP2008/003529 priority patent/WO2009072259A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
    • B22D18/04—Low pressure casting, i.e. making use of pressures up to a few bars to fill the mould

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)

Description

本発明は、例えばアルミニウム合金などの溶湯を加圧（低圧）鋳造するのに好適な鋳造装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a casting apparatus suitable for pressure (low pressure) casting of a molten metal such as an aluminum alloy.

エンジンなどを効率よく生産するため加圧鋳造（低圧鋳造）装置が用いられている。複雑形状の製品を鋳造する場合、キャビティ内に砂中子をセットし、鋳造後に砂中子を崩壊させるようにしている。この砂中子はバインダーにて砂粒子を結合して所定の形状にしたものであり、溶湯が接触するとそのバインダーは燃焼し、ガスが発生する。このガスは鋳巣などの鋳造欠陥の原因になる。そこで、従来からキャビティ内からガスを排出する提案がなされている。   In order to efficiently produce engines and the like, a pressure casting (low pressure casting) apparatus is used. When casting a product having a complicated shape, a sand core is set in the cavity, and the sand core is collapsed after casting. The sand core is formed by combining sand particles with a binder into a predetermined shape. When the molten metal comes into contact with the core, the binder burns to generate gas. This gas causes a casting defect such as a casting hole. Therefore, proposals have been made to exhaust gas from the cavity.

特許文献１には、キャビティの天井面に開口するエア抜き孔を金型に形成した内容が開示されている。
特許文献２には、砂中子にチューブを挿入し、強制的に砂中子からガスを排出する内容が開示されている。
特許文献３には、キャビティの上部にエア抜き孔を開口させ、この開口部と砂中子との間に通気性を有する緩衝材を配置した構成が開示されている。
特許文献４には、押し出しピンの外周にガス抜き溝を設け、このガス抜き溝を介して発生したガスを抜く構造が開示されている。
特許文献５には、鋳型を湯口を中心に回転させ、遠心力で溶湯をキャビティの外側部に移動させ、ガスをキャビティの中心部に集め、中心からガスを抜くようにした構造が提案されている。 Patent Document 1 discloses the contents in which an air vent hole opened in a ceiling surface of a cavity is formed in a mold.
Patent Document 2 discloses a content in which a tube is inserted into a sand core and gas is forcibly discharged from the sand core.
Patent Document 3 discloses a configuration in which an air vent hole is opened at an upper portion of a cavity, and a cushioning material having air permeability is disposed between the opening and the sand core.
Patent Document 4 discloses a structure in which a gas vent groove is provided on the outer periphery of the extrusion pin, and the gas generated through the gas vent groove is extracted.
Patent Document 5 proposes a structure in which the mold is rotated around the gate, the molten metal is moved to the outside of the cavity by centrifugal force, the gas is collected at the center of the cavity, and the gas is extracted from the center. Yes.

特開平８−１７４１８６号公報JP-A-8-174186 特開平５−１４６８６２号公報JP-A-5-146862 特開平１１−２２１６５６号公報JP-A-11-221656 特開平６−１４２８８６号公報JP-A-6-142886 特開２０００−２２５４５５号公報JP 2000-225455 A

特許文献１にあっては、エア抜き孔がキャビティ天井面に開口しているため、溶湯の差し込みがないようにするには、エア抜き孔を極めて小径な孔にしなければならない。一方、バインダーが分解したガスは粘性が高く、エア抜き孔の内側にヤニのように堆積し、エア抜き孔を塞いでしまう。   In Patent Document 1, since the air vent hole opens in the cavity ceiling surface, the air vent hole must be made to have a very small diameter in order to prevent the molten metal from being inserted. On the other hand, the gas decomposed by the binder has a high viscosity and accumulates like an ani on the inside of the air vent hole, thereby closing the air vent hole.

特許文献２のように砂中子に排気用のチューブを挿入しても発生したガスを効率よく排出することはできない。またチューブ内にもヤニが詰まりやすい。   Even if an exhaust tube is inserted into the sand core as in Patent Document 2, the generated gas cannot be discharged efficiently. Also, the tube tends to get clogged.

特許文献３にあっては、緩衝材内に溶湯が侵入するため、各ショット毎に緩衝材を交換しなければならず、生産性において問題がある。   In Patent Document 3, since the molten metal enters the buffer material, the buffer material has to be replaced for each shot, which causes a problem in productivity.

特許文献４にあっては押し出しピンの外周に形成する溝の大きさは溶湯が差し込まない程度の極めて小さなものでなければならない。一方、バインダーが分解して生成されるガスは極めて粘性が高く、簡単に上記ガス抜き溝を埋めてしまう。   In Patent Document 4, the size of the groove formed on the outer periphery of the extrusion pin must be extremely small enough not to insert the molten metal. On the other hand, the gas produced by the decomposition of the binder is extremely viscous and easily fills the gas vent groove.

更に、引用文献５にあっては、重量物である鋳型（上型と下型）を回転させる機構が必要になり、実現性はない。   Furthermore, in the cited document 5, a mechanism for rotating a heavy mold (an upper mold and a lower mold) is required, which is not feasible.

上記課題を解決するため本発明は、金型間に形成されるキャビティ内に下方から溶湯を加圧充填して凝固せしめる鋳造装置において、前記キャビティに連続して湯溜り部が設けられ、この湯溜り部は金型に形成した通気路を介して大気に連通し、前記通気路には前記湯溜り部と大気との連通を遮断するシールピンが摺動自在に設けられた構成とした。   In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a casting apparatus in which a molten metal is pressurized and filled from below into a cavity formed between molds to be solidified, and a hot water reservoir is provided continuously in the cavity. The reservoir portion communicated with the atmosphere through a vent passage formed in the mold, and the vent passage was provided with a slidable seal pin for blocking communication between the hot water reservoir portion and the atmosphere.

前記シールピンの配置構成としては、押し出しピンと全く関連性なく設けてもよいが、シールピンを筒状とし、この筒状シールピン内に押し出しピンをシールピンとは独立して摺動可能に配置されている。 As the arrangement of the sealing pin, it may be disposed at all relevant without extrusion pin, the seal pin with cylindrical, that is slidably disposed independently of the seal pin pin extruded into the tubular sealing pin.

また、通気路の断面積はバインダーから発生したガスが付着しても簡単には閉塞しないために大きな断面積が好ましい。具体的には湯溜り部の最小断面積より大きく設定する。   Further, the cross-sectional area of the air passage is preferably large because it does not easily block even if gas generated from the binder adheres. Specifically, it is set larger than the minimum cross-sectional area of the hot water reservoir.

また、湯廻りをよくし、引け巣を生じさせないために、前記湯溜り部はキャビティの薄肉部の外側に設け、前記湯溜り部の天井部は前記キャビティの最も高い箇所の天井部よりも高く設定することが好ましい。   In addition, in order to improve the hot water circulation and not to cause shrinkage, the hot water pool portion is provided outside the thin wall portion of the cavity, and the ceiling portion of the hot water pool portion is higher than the ceiling portion of the highest portion of the cavity. It is preferable to set.

本発明に係る鋳造装置によれば、鋳造時に砂中子から発生するガスをキャビティ内から確実に除去することができ、引け巣や欠肉のない製品を得ることができる。特に、通気路の断面積が従来のエア抜き孔やエア抜き溝よりも大きいため、ガスが凝固したヤニによって通路が閉塞され難いので、連続ショットが可能になる。   According to the casting apparatus of the present invention, the gas generated from the sand core at the time of casting can be reliably removed from the cavity, and a product free from shrinkage and thinning can be obtained. Particularly, since the cross-sectional area of the air passage is larger than that of the conventional air vent hole or air vent groove, the passage is difficult to be blocked by the solidified gas, so that continuous shots are possible.

以下に本発明の実施の形態を添付図面に基づいて説明する。図１は本発明に係る鋳造方法を実施する鋳造装置の全体図、図２は金型ユニットの型閉じ状態の断面図で、図３は通気路を開放した状態の鋳造装置の拡大断面図、図４は通気路を閉じた状態の鋳造装置の拡大断面図である。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 is an overall view of a casting apparatus for carrying out a casting method according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a mold unit in a closed state, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the casting apparatus in a state where an air passage is opened, FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the casting apparatus with the air passage closed.

鋳造装置は下部に溶湯貯留部１を配置し、この溶湯貯留部１の蓋体２上に金型ユニット３を設けている。金型ユニット３は上型４、下型５及び左右のサイド型（スライド型）６から構成され、上型４は昇降プレート７にて昇降自在とされ、下型５上には砂中子８がセットされている。図示例では金型ユニット３を２組設けているが１組でもよい。   In the casting apparatus, a molten metal storage portion 1 is disposed at the lower portion, and a mold unit 3 is provided on a lid 2 of the molten metal storage portion 1. The mold unit 3 includes an upper mold 4, a lower mold 5, and left and right side molds (slide molds) 6. The upper mold 4 can be moved up and down by a lifting plate 7, and a sand core 8 is placed on the lower mold 5. Is set. In the illustrated example, two sets of mold units 3 are provided, but one set may be used.

前記溶湯貯留部１の上部空間には外部からエアが供給され、このエア圧によって溶湯貯留部１内のアルミニウム溶湯は供給管９を介して下型４に形成した湯口まで送られ、更に湯口から上型４、下型５及び左右のサイド型を閉じた際に形成されるキャビティ１０内に供給される。   Air is supplied to the upper space of the molten metal storage part 1 from the outside, and by this air pressure, the molten aluminum in the molten metal storage part 1 is sent through the supply pipe 9 to the pouring gate formed in the lower mold 4, and further from the pouring gate. It is supplied into a cavity 10 formed when the upper mold 4, the lower mold 5 and the left and right side molds are closed.

キャビティ１０には製品の薄肉部を成形する部分１０ａと厚肉部を成形する部分１０ｂが存在し、この薄肉部を成形する部分１０ａの上端から上方に向かって幅狭の流路１１が形成され、この流路１１に連続して湯溜り部１２が形成されている。また湯溜り部１２の天井部は厚肉部を成形する部分１０ｂの天井部よりも高くなっている。   The cavity 10 has a portion 10a for forming a thin portion of the product and a portion 10b for forming a thick portion, and a narrow channel 11 is formed upward from the upper end of the portion 10a for forming the thin portion. The hot water reservoir 12 is formed continuously with the flow path 11. Moreover, the ceiling part of the hot water pool part 12 is higher than the ceiling part of the part 10b which shape | molds a thick part.

前記湯溜り部１２は上型４に形成した通気路１３を介して大気に連通している。この通気路１３は湯溜り部１２の天井部に開口する垂直部１３ａとこの垂直部１３ａの上端から外側に延びる水平部１３ｂからなる。また、通気路１３の断面積は前記幅狭の流路１１の最小断面積よりも大きく設定されている。   The hot water reservoir 12 communicates with the atmosphere via a ventilation passage 13 formed in the upper mold 4. The air passage 13 includes a vertical portion 13a that opens to the ceiling portion of the hot water reservoir 12 and a horizontal portion 13b that extends outward from the upper end of the vertical portion 13a. The cross-sectional area of the air passage 13 is set larger than the minimum cross-sectional area of the narrow channel 11.

また、前記上型４内には流路１１または湯溜り部１２内を上昇してくる溶湯を検出するためのセンサ（温度センサ）１４が埋め込まれ、更に上型４には湯溜り部１２の天井面に開口する貫通孔１５及び前記通気路１３の垂直部１３ａに連続する貫通孔１６が形成され、貫通孔１５には製品の押し出しピン１７が摺動自在に挿入され、貫通孔１６にはシールピン１８が摺動自在に挿入されている。   In addition, a sensor (temperature sensor) 14 for detecting the molten metal rising in the flow path 11 or the hot water reservoir 12 is embedded in the upper mold 4, and the upper die 4 further includes a hot water reservoir 12. A through hole 15 opened in the ceiling surface and a through hole 16 continuous to the vertical portion 13a of the air passage 13 are formed, and a push pin 17 of a product is slidably inserted into the through hole 15. A seal pin 18 is slidably inserted.

押し出しピン１７およびシールピン１８は複数設けられ、左右の押し出しピン１７の上端は押し出し板１９に連結されて同時に上下動し、左右のシールピン１８の上端は連結板２０に連結され油圧シリンダ２１を駆動することで同時に上下動する。また、上型４の上面にはシールピン１８の下降限を規制するストッパ２２が設けられている。   A plurality of push pins 17 and seal pins 18 are provided. The upper ends of the left and right push pins 17 are connected to the push plate 19 and simultaneously move up and down. The upper ends of the left and right seal pins 18 are connected to the connection plate 20 and drive the hydraulic cylinder 21. It moves up and down at the same time. Further, a stopper 22 for restricting the lowering limit of the seal pin 18 is provided on the upper surface of the upper mold 4.

以上の構成からなる鋳造装置を用いて鋳造するには、図３に示すように油圧シリンダ２１を駆動してシールピン１８を上昇させ、通気路１３の垂直部１３ａと水平部１３ｂとがつながり、湯溜り部１２が大気に開放されている状態とする。そして溶湯貯留部１の上部空間にエアを送り込んで、キャビティ１０内をアルミニウム溶湯で充填する。   In order to cast using the casting apparatus having the above configuration, the hydraulic cylinder 21 is driven to raise the seal pin 18 as shown in FIG. 3 so that the vertical portion 13a and the horizontal portion 13b of the air passage 13 are connected to each other. The reservoir 12 is open to the atmosphere. And air is sent into the upper space of the molten metal storage part 1, and the inside of the cavity 10 is filled with molten aluminum.

キャビティ１０内に溶湯を充填すると砂中子８からガスが発生する。このガスの大部分は流路１１、湯溜り部１２および通気路１３を介して排出される。尚、キャビティの厚肉部を成形する部分１０ｂで発生したガスは本実施例では厚肉部を成形する部分１０ｂの天井部に形成したエア抜き孔から排出される。   When the molten metal is filled into the cavity 10, gas is generated from the sand core 8. Most of this gas is discharged through the flow path 11, the hot water reservoir 12 and the air passage 13. In this embodiment, the gas generated in the portion 10b forming the thick portion of the cavity is discharged from the air vent hole formed in the ceiling portion of the portion 10b forming the thick portion.

キャビティ１０内のガスが排出されると、溶湯が流路１１を通って湯溜り部１２に入り込む。このとき、前記センサ１４が溶湯の流入を検知する。この検知信号を受けて油圧シリンダ２１を駆動してシールピン１８を下降させ、図４に示すように通気路１３の垂直部１３ａを塞ぐ。これによって溶湯が通気路１３を介して噴き出すことを確実に防止できる。   When the gas in the cavity 10 is discharged, the molten metal passes through the flow path 11 and enters the hot water reservoir 12. At this time, the sensor 14 detects the inflow of the molten metal. In response to this detection signal, the hydraulic cylinder 21 is driven to lower the seal pin 18 to close the vertical portion 13a of the air passage 13 as shown in FIG. As a result, it is possible to reliably prevent the molten metal from being ejected through the air passage 13.

この後、ヘッド圧（最も高い圧）を所定時間維持する。この間に、上型４に接した溶湯は他の金型に接している溶湯よりも先に冷却され、この冷却によって溶湯は収縮する。しかしながら、最も高い圧力を維持しているので、収縮した部分には下方から溶湯が補給され、引け巣や欠肉は生じない。   Thereafter, the head pressure (the highest pressure) is maintained for a predetermined time. During this time, the molten metal in contact with the upper mold 4 is cooled before the molten metal in contact with other molds, and the molten metal contracts by this cooling. However, since the highest pressure is maintained, the contracted portion is replenished with molten metal from below, and no shrinkage or thinning occurs.

この後、圧力を落としたならば、型を開いて押し出しピン１７によって製品を取り出し、エアブロー後に再度砂中子をセットし、型締めを行い、次のショットを行う。   After this, if the pressure is reduced, the mold is opened, the product is taken out by the push pin 17, the sand core is set again after air blowing, the mold is clamped, and the next shot is performed.

図５は別実施例に係る鋳造装置の通気路を開放した状態の拡大断面図、図６は
別実施例に係る鋳造装置の通気路を閉じた状態の拡大断面図であり、この実施例にあっては、シールピン１８を筒状とし、この筒状のシールピン１８の内側に押し出しピン１７をシールピン１８とは独立して摺動可能に配置している。 FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the casting apparatus according to another embodiment in a state where the air passage is opened, and FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the casting apparatus according to another embodiment in a state where the air passage is closed. In this case, the seal pin 18 is cylindrical, and the push pin 17 is slidably disposed inside the cylindrical seal pin 18 independently of the seal pin 18.

上記のようにシールピン１８の内側に押し出しピン１７を配置した場合も、第１の実施例と同様に、シールピン１８を上昇させた状態でガス抜きを行い、シールピン１８を下降して通気路１３の垂直部１３ａを塞いだ状態で所定時間加圧を維持する。   Even when the push pin 17 is arranged inside the seal pin 18 as described above, similarly to the first embodiment, gas is vented while the seal pin 18 is raised, the seal pin 18 is lowered, and the air passage 13 Pressurization is maintained for a predetermined time while the vertical portion 13a is closed.

シールピン１８の内側に押し出しピン１７を配置することで、上型４に形成する貫通孔が少なくなり、金型の強度を維持できる。さらに、湯溜りが強制押出しされることから上型への付着、残りは無くすことが出来る。
また、シールピンは毎ショット作動するため、ガス抜孔へ付着するヤニ清掃・除去の役割機能も有する。 By disposing the extrusion pin 17 inside the seal pin 18, the number of through holes formed in the upper mold 4 is reduced, and the strength of the mold can be maintained. Furthermore, since the hot water pool is forcibly extruded, it is possible to eliminate adhesion and remaining on the upper mold.
Further, since the seal pin is operated every shot, it also has a role function of cleaning / removing the dirt adhering to the gas vent hole.

本願発明に係る鋳造装置は、アルミニウム合金の加圧鋳造方法に好適であるが、その他の鋳造方法にも適用できる。   The casting apparatus according to the present invention is suitable for an aluminum alloy pressure casting method, but can also be applied to other casting methods.

本発明に係る鋳造方法を実施する鋳造装置の全体図Overall view of a casting apparatus for carrying out a casting method according to the present invention 鋳造装置の型閉じ状態の拡大断面図Enlarged cross-sectional view of the casting machine with the mold closed 通気路を開放した状態の鋳造装置の拡大断面図Enlarged sectional view of the casting device with the air passage open 通気路を閉じた状態の鋳造装置の拡大断面図Enlarged sectional view of the casting machine with the air passage closed 別実施例に係る鋳造装置の通気路を開放した状態の拡大断面図The expanded sectional view of the state which opened the ventilation path of the casting apparatus which concerns on another Example 別実施例に係る鋳造装置の通気路を閉じた状態の拡大断面図The expanded sectional view of the state which closed the ventilation path of the casting apparatus concerning another example

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１…溶湯貯留部、２…蓋体、３…金型ユニット、４…上型、５…下型、６…サイド型（スライド型）、７…昇降プレート、８…砂中子、９…供給管、１０…キャビティ、１０ａ…キャビティの薄肉部を成形する部分、１０ｂ…キャビティの厚肉部を成形する部分、１１…幅狭の流路、１２…湯溜り部、１３…通気路、１３ａ…通気路の垂直部、１３ｂ…通気路の水平部、１４…センサ（温度センサ）、１５，１６…貫通孔、１７…押し出しピン、１８…シールピン、１９…押し出し板、２０…連結板、２１…油圧シリンダ、２２…ストッパ。   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Molten storage part, 2 ... Lid body, 3 ... Mold unit, 4 ... Upper mold, 5 ... Lower mold, 6 ... Side type (slide type), 7 ... Elevating plate, 8 ... Sand core, 9 ... Supply Pipes, 10 ... cavities, 10a ... parts for forming the thin part of the cavity, 10b ... parts for forming the thick part of the cavity, 11 ... narrow channel, 12 ... pouring part, 13 ... ventilation path, 13a ... Vertical portion of the air passage, 13b ... Horizontal portion of the air passage, 14 ... Sensor (temperature sensor), 15, 16 ... Through hole, 17 ... Push pin, 18 ... Seal pin, 19 ... Push plate, 20 ... Connecting plate, 21 ... Hydraulic cylinder, 22 ... stopper.

Claims (4)

金型間に形成されるキャビティ内に下方から溶湯を加圧充填して凝固せしめる鋳造装置において、前記キャビティに連続して湯溜り部が設けられ、この湯溜り部は金型に形成した通気路を介して大気に連通し、前記通気路には前記湯溜り部と大気との連通を遮断するシールピンが摺動自在に設けられ、前記シールピンは筒状をなし、この筒状シールピンの内側に押し出しピンがシールピンとは独立して摺動可能に配置されていることを特徴とする鋳造装置。 In a casting apparatus for pressurizing and solidifying molten metal from below into cavities formed between molds, a hot water reservoir is continuously provided in the cavity, and the hot water reservoir is a vent formed in the mold. A seal pin is slidably provided in the air passage to block communication between the hot water reservoir and the atmosphere. The seal pin has a cylindrical shape and is pushed out to the inside of the cylindrical seal pin. A casting apparatus, wherein the pin is slidably arranged independently of the seal pin . 請求項１に記載の鋳造装置において、前記通気路の断面積は前記湯溜り部とキャビティとをつなぐ流路の断面積より大きく設定されていることを特徴とする鋳造装置。 The casting apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein a cross-sectional area of the air passage is set larger than a cross-sectional area of a flow path connecting the hot water reservoir and the cavity. 請求項１または請求項２に記載の鋳造装置において、前記湯溜り部はキャビティの薄肉部の外側に設けられることを特徴とする鋳造装置。 3. The casting apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the hot water reservoir is provided outside a thin wall portion of the cavity. 4. 請求項１乃至請求項３の何れかに記載の鋳造装置において、前記湯溜り部の天井部は前記キャビティの最も高い箇所の天井部よりも高く設定されていることを特徴とする鋳造装置。 In the casting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, casting apparatus ceiling of the basin part, characterized in that it is set higher than the ceiling of the highest point of the cavity.
JP2007312036A 2007-12-03 2007-12-03 Casting equipment Expired - Fee Related JP4633107B2 (en)

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PCT/JP2008/003529 WO2009072259A1 (en) 2007-12-03 2008-11-28 Casting device

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JP6300361B2 (en) * 2014-06-02 2018-03-28 本田技研工業株式会社 Casting equipment
DE102014215715A1 (en) * 2014-08-07 2016-02-11 Chemex Gmbh Arrangement for use in producing a divisible mold
CN106955987A (en) * 2017-05-09 2017-07-18 国营第六六厂 Low pressure casting rising head plugging device and method for blocking
CN107900313B (en) * 2017-12-22 2020-04-24 哈尔滨工业大学 Automatic low-pressure casting method for magnesium alloy
JP7202477B2 (en) * 2019-09-30 2023-01-11 本田技研工業株式会社 Method and apparatus for manufacturing piston for internal combustion engine
CN112296270A (en) * 2020-09-28 2021-02-02 房勇玲 Forming device for manufacturing new energy automobile engine belt pulley

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