JP4632646B2 - Electronic musical instruments and programs - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument and a program capable of detecting a chord based on performance information configured corresponding to a plurality of tracks or timbres and displaying the detected chord.

Conventionally, an automatic performance apparatus that stores automatic performance data and performs automatic performance at a speed corresponding to a set tempo value is known. For example, in a display device of an automatic performance device disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-328557, chord information is stored in automatic performance data, and chord names are sequentially displayed according to the automatic performance. In the performance data editing apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-222279, the performance data is data that is a set of timbre data indicating a timbre and key event data, and the chord is classified for each timbre. Determining is disclosed.
JP-A-8-328557 JP 2001-222279 A

  However, in the invention disclosed in Patent Literature 1, the chord progression may not be easy to understand for the performer. Further, in the invention disclosed in Patent Document 2, there are cases where appropriate code determination is not performed.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems. An electronic musical instrument and a program for appropriately detecting chord progression from automatic performance data and displaying the detected chord progression in an easy-to-understand manner for a player. The purpose is to provide.

In order to achieve this object, an electronic musical instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that performance information storage means for storing performance information composed of a plurality of tracks, and performance of any of the tracks stored in the performance information storage means. A code detection means for detecting a code based on the information; a display means for sequentially displaying the code detected by the code detection means; and when the code detection means detects a plurality of codes arranged in time series Based on a specific relationship indicated by each piece of code information including route information and type information included in each of the plurality of codes, among the codes having the specific relationship from the plurality of codes arranged on the time series Code omission means for making the display means display a code that has lost the specific relationship by omitting one of the codes .

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electronic musical instrument comprising performance information storage means for storing performance information of a plurality of timbres, and a code for detecting a chord based on performance information of any timbre stored in the performance information storage means. Each of the plurality of codes has a detection means, a display means for sequentially displaying the codes detected by the code detection means, and when the code detection means detects a plurality of codes arranged in time series By omitting one of the codes in the specific relationship from a plurality of codes arranged on the time series based on a specific relationship indicated by each piece of code information including route information and type information And a code omission unit that makes the display unit display a code that has lost the specific relationship .

The electronic musical instrument according to claim 3 is an electronic musical instrument according to claim 1 or 2, when the detected code by said code detecting means is inputted, the automatic accompaniment in accordance with the entered code Automatic chord accompaniment means for performing chord omission by the chord omission means for the chord input to the automatic accompaniment means when detecting a plurality of chords arranged in time series Instead, the detected plurality of codes are used as they are .

The program according to claim 4 is executed by an electronic musical instrument having a display unit capable of displaying chords, and is stored in performance information storage means for storing performance information composed of a plurality of tracks. A chord detection step for detecting a chord based on performance information of any one of the tracks, a display step for sequentially displaying chords detected by the chord detection step on the display unit, and the chord detection step in time series When a plurality of codes arranged are detected, a plurality of codes arranged on the time series based on a specific relationship indicated by code information composed of route information and type information included in each of the plurality of codes. By omitting one of the codes in the specific relationship from the code, a code that causes the display unit to display the code that has lost the specific relationship. And code omitted steps to de, to be executed by the electronic musical instrument.

The program according to claim 5 is executed by an electronic musical instrument having a display unit capable of displaying chords, and is stored in performance information storage means for storing performance information of a plurality of tones. A chord detection step for detecting chords based on performance information of the timbre, a display step for sequentially displaying chords detected by the chord detection means on the display section, and a plurality of chord detection steps arranged in time series Is detected from a plurality of codes arranged on the time series based on a specific relationship indicated by each piece of code information including route information and type information included in each of the plurality of codes. By omitting one of the codes that have a specific relationship, a code omission code that causes the display unit to display a code that has lost the specific relationship. And-up, to be executed by the electronic musical instrument.

According to the electronic musical instrument and program of the present invention , even when the chord progression is not stored in the performance information , the chord progression can be displayed in accordance with the progression of the music. Further, when a complicated chord is detected, it can be converted into a simple chord that is easy for the performer to display. In addition, even if the chord changes frequently, the display can be updated at an optimal timing that is easy to understand for the performer rather than unnecessarily changing the display.

According to the electronic musical instrument of claim 1 and 2, when the chord detection unit detects a plurality of chords arranged in time series, the chord omission unit includes route information included in each of the plural chords. By omitting one of the codes in a specific relationship from a plurality of codes arranged in time series based on the specific relationship indicated by each piece of code information consisting of the type information and the type information, the specific relationship A code that causes the display means to display a code that has been eliminated. Therefore, there is an effect called the code without a specific relationship, Ru can be displayed.
According to the electronic musical instrument according to claim 3, in addition to the effect produced by the electronic musical instrument according to claim 1 or 2, the chord detecting means automatically detects a plurality of chords arranged in time series. For the chord input to the accompaniment means, a plurality of detected chords are used as they are without executing chord omission by the chord omission means. Thus, the automatic accompaniment auto accompaniment means, there is an effect that can be carried out using the detected code itself in the code detection means.
Moreover, according to the program of Claim 4 and 5, the effect same as the effect which the electronic musical instrument of Claim 1 and 2 produces | generates can be show | played.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows an application example of an electronic musical instrument 1 according to an example of an embodiment of the present invention. The electronic musical instrument 1 is provided with an operation element 6 including a display 4 and a plurality of switches on the upper panel of a housing 2, and a disk insertion portion of a flexible disk drive 5 is provided on a side surface. A processing device 3 and a sound source 10 are provided.

The electric signal output from the sound source 10 is amplified by the amplifier 7 and emitted from the two speakers 8 as a musical sound. In addition, it is input to the electric signal amplifier 7 output from the electronic keyboard 11, amplified in the same manner, and emitted as musical sound from the two speakers.

  When the performer inserts the flexible disk 9 storing the automatic performance data F into the flexible disk drive 5 of the electronic musical instrument 1 and operates the switch 6 on the operation panel to start the automatic performance, the accompaniment sound is generated from the sound source 10. Is displayed, and the chord progression is displayed on the display 4 in accordance with the progress of the automatic performance. Therefore, the performer can play the electronic keyboard 11 while watching the chord progression displayed on the display 4.

  FIG. 2 is a block configuration diagram of the electronic musical instrument 1. The same number is attached | subjected about the same structure as FIG. The processing device 3 includes a CPU, a ROM, and a RAM, and the CPU performs various processes according to a program stored in the ROM. In addition, various tables shown in Table 1, Table 2, and Table 3 are stored in the ROM.

  The RAM is an area for temporary storage used as a work area when the CPU performs processing, an area for temporarily storing the result of chord determination, and an area for display memory for storing the chord progression to be displayed. And an area for storing automatic performance data read from the flexible disk 9.

  The display 4 is composed of an LCD (liquid crystal) or the like, and displays a chord progression as shown in FIG. In FIG. 3, CC represents a chord currently being played, SC1 represents a chord to be played next to CC, and SC2 represents a chord to be played next to SC1.

  In FIG. 3A, the code G5 ♭ is displayed as CC, the code C7 as SC1, and the code Fmin6 as SC2.

  FIG. 3B shows a display after a predetermined time (for example, half bar time), the code G5 ♭ displayed on the CC is deleted, and the code C7 displayed on the SC1 is displayed on the CC. The code Fmin6 displayed on SC2 is displayed on SC1, and D9 ♭ is newly displayed on SC2.

  The display may display the name of the musical piece to be played, the tempo, the time signature, etc., as well as the number of the measure being played in accordance with the automatic performance.

  The operation element 6 is provided with a volume knob for instructing start / stop of automatic performance, setting the tempo of automatic performance, and setting the volume of musical sound, and the operated state is detected by the CPU.

  The flexible disk drive 5 is a device that reads the automatic performance data F stored in the inserted flexible disk 9 and writes the data.

  The sound source 10 can generate a plurality of musical sounds at the same time, and the tone color of each musical sound can also be set. Each musical sound starts to sound when a note-on signal is input and a pitch and intensity are specified, and stops when a note-off signal is input.

  These note-on signal and note-off signal are sent from the CPU to the sound source 10 through the bus.

  It is assumed that the automatic performance data corresponds to GM (General MIDI: a tone color corresponding to a program change is specified) and is stored in SMF (Standard MIDI File) format 0. In this format, tracks in the series of performance information are distinguished by 1 to 16 MIDI channels.

  Note that the track means that a track is composed of a plurality of tracks and these tracks are played synchronously when played automatically.

  When the automatic performance information is identified by the MIDI channel, the performance information for each MIDI channel constitutes a track.

  In the MIDI standard, a timbre can be designated by program change with a MIDI channel designated. Therefore, one MIDI channel is designated as performance information of various timbres, and the performance information of each timbre is sometimes called a part.

  Next, the operation of the electronic musical instrument of the present invention in the above configuration will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS.

  The automatic performance data is stored in the flexible disk 9 and is read into the RAM when inserted into the flexible disk drive 5. The automatic performance data F stores a pair of data representing an event for each track and the time until the next event. An event is a message defined by the MIDI standard, such as a program change for setting a timbre, a control change for setting a volume, note-on, note-off, and the like.

  FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an outline of a series of chord progression extraction processing executed by the CPU. When the start of automatic performance is instructed, the beginning of a song is related to all tracks of automatic performance data regardless of the tempo. Is a process of extracting chords according to the progress of music based on note-on and note-off events stored in sequence.

  This series of processing may be started after the start of the automatic performance is instructed, or may be performed when the automatic performance data is transferred from the flexible disk to the RAM.

  First, automatic performance data stored in the RAM is read (S1).

  Next, it is confirmed whether or not the read automatic performance data indicates the end of the data (S2). If it is the end of data (S2: Yes), this process is terminated (S6).

  If it is not the end of data, a chord progression (CP: Chord Progression) is extracted (S3). Next, the extracted chord progression (CP) is simplified (S4). Next, simplification for displaying the simplified chord progression in an easy-to-view manner is performed and displayed on the display 4, and the process returns to step S <b> 1.

  Next, chord progression extraction processing will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

  First, the drum track and the solo track are omitted from the chord determination target (S11). In GM, the drum track is MIDI channel 10 and the solo track is MIDI channel 4. Since the automatic performance data of the drum track does not represent the pitch, if these data are used for chord determination, it is meaningless and is omitted. Also, the solo track is excluded because it contains many non-harmonic sounds such as elapsed sounds and modifier sounds.

  Next, the track set as the tone color of the musical instrument having many elapsed sounds and modified sounds is further removed from the automatic performance data from which the drum track and the solo track are removed (S12). The ROM stores the timbre numbers (program changes) to be detected as chords as shown in Table 1, and the performance data of timbres other than the timbres stored in this table are not detected from the chord detection targets. Excluded.

除外される音色番号は、９−１１，１３−１６，２３，２９−３２，４８，５６−５８，６０，６５，６９−７２，７６−８１，８３−８８，９８，１０５−１２８である。

The timbre numbers excluded are 9-11, 13-16, 23, 29-32, 48, 56-58, 60, 65, 69-72, 76-81, 83-88, 98, 105-128. .

  Thus, the pitch of the timbre specified by Table 1 is applied to the chord recognition algorithm, and the chord is determined (S13). As this code determination method, for example, a method known as Japanese Patent No. 32020183 can be used. The extracted code information is stored in the RAM (S14).

  Next, a process for simplifying the chord progression information stored in the RAM over time with the chord information extracted as described above will be described with reference to FIG.

  First, for each piece of code information, what is determined as a complicated code is simplified (S21). In the chord recognition algorithm, it is desirable to detect complex chord information as information for performing automatic accompaniment and perform automatic accompaniment according to the chord information. However, the player refers to the chord progression displayed. However, when performing, it is not always necessary to display complex chords. For example, when the recognized code is C5 ♭, 7, 10 ♭, it is set as C5 ♭.

  Here, the code shown in Table 2 is used to convert the detected code A into a simple code B.

なお、このようなテーブルを参照する方法ではなく、単純に文字数を制限して表示するようにしてもよい。例えば、４文字以上は削除して３文字以下にするなどの方法でもよい。

Instead of referring to such a table, the number of characters may be simply limited and displayed. For example, a method of deleting four or more characters to make it three or less characters may be used.

  Next, the suspension chord above 7 semitones of the immediately preceding chord is removed (S22). For example, if Gsus comes after C, Gsus is omitted.

  Next, in the case where the routes of two consecutive codes are coincident, the preceding code is set as C, and the subsequent code is set as D and collated with Table 3. The code is omitted (S23).

次に、各コードの持続時間を調べ持続時間が１００ＣＰＴより短い場合は、省略する（Ｓ２４）。ここでＣＰＴは、次式により表されるテンポに応じた時間の単位でありティックともよばれる。ＣＰＴ＝６００００／（ＢＰＭ・ＴＢ）ｍｓｅｃ
なお、ＢＰＭ（Ｂｅａｔ Ｐｅｒ Ｍｉｎｕｔｅ）は、テンポ値（１分間当たりの拍数）で、ＴＢ（Ｔｉｍｅ Ｂａｓｅ）は、１拍当たりの分解能である。テンポ値は、６０から２５０の範囲であり、ＴＢを１２０とすれば、１００ＣＰＴは、８００ｍｓｅｃから２００ｍｓｅｃ程度の値となる。以上の簡略化により、時間軸上に順次コードがＲＡＭ内に整列される。

Next, the duration of each code is checked, and if the duration is shorter than 100 CPT, it is omitted (S24). Here, CPT is a unit of time corresponding to the tempo represented by the following equation, and is also called a tick. CPT = 60000 / (BPM · TB) msec
BPM (Beat Per Minute) is a tempo value (beats per minute), and TB (Time Base) is resolution per beat. The tempo value is in the range of 60 to 250. If TB is 120, 100 CPT is a value of about 800 msec to 200 msec. By the above simplification, codes are sequentially arranged in the RAM on the time axis.

  Next, a display data simplification process performed for individual codes arranged in the RAM will be described with reference to FIG.

  First, it is calculated which display window the code to be processed belongs to from the time information of the code (S31). This display window is divided sequentially at a predetermined time from the beginning of the song, and one code is determined for each window, and the code determined for each display window is displayed on the display as the song progresses. .

  The length (predetermined time) of this display window is, for example, the length of one bar when the tempo is 145 or more, and when the time is 1, 2, 3, and 5. In other cases, The length is preferably half of one bar.

  Next, it is confirmed whether or not the timing of the code is before the time of 75% of the total window length from the top of the window (S32). If it is confirmed that it is in front, the timing of the code is changed to the top time of the window (S33). Here, the reason why the chords from the top of the window to 75% are changed to the time of the top of the window is to display the next chord early so that the performer can recognize the next chord early. Because.

  If it is confirmed in the process of S32 that it is not near, the timing of the code is set as the start time of the next window (S34). At this time, if a plurality of codes are set at the same time, the last confirmed code is stored, and the other codes are deleted.

  The codes set in S33 and S34 are stored at the corresponding timing positions in the display memory area provided in the RAM (S35).

  Next, a process for sequentially displaying the chords set as described above according to the automatic performance will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

  This flowchart is a timer interrupt routine that is started every CPT time described above.

  When the start of the automatic performance is instructed, the chord name stored at the top of the display memory is stored in CC of the display 4, the next stored chord name is stored in SC1, and then stored. The code name is displayed on SC2, and a pointer is set at the next memory address.

  Thereafter, when this timer interrupt is activated, the current time t with CPT as a time unit is first updated by 1 (S41). Next, it is confirmed whether or not there is an event to be processed at this time in all the tracks of the automatic performance data (S42).

  If there is an event (S42: Yes), processing of the event is executed (S43). For example, in the case of note-on, note-off, or program change, these messages are sent to the sound source, and if the lyrics are stored, the lyrics are displayed.

  After the process of S43 or when there is no event at this time in the process of S42 (S42: No), the process proceeds to S44.

  In the process of S44, it is confirmed whether this time is a time for updating the display of the second code SC1 displayed on the display 4. If it is the update time (S44: Yes), the data (code information) of SC1 is moved to CC (S45), and the data of SC2 is moved to SC1 (S46). Further, the data of the code designated by the pointer is read from the display memory and set to SC2, and the pointer of the display memory is advanced by 1 (S48).

In the code detection means according to claims 1 and 2 and the code detection step according to claims 4 and 5, a program for detecting a code is stored in a ROM, and the CPU stores the program. The code name is detected by execution.

Further, according to claim 1, the performance information storage means described in 2, 4 and 5, RAM is Ru said person to. Further, the display step described in claims 4 and 5 corresponds to the flowchart shown in FIG.

Further, the process of S4 corresponds to the code omitting means according to claims 1 and 2 and the code omitting step according to claims 4 and 5 .

  The present invention has been described above based on the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It can be easily guessed.

  For example, in the above embodiment, the codes displayed on the display 4 are three, CC, SC1, and SC2, but the number of codes displayed may be arbitrarily set by the operation element 6. Further, bar lines may be displayed.

  It is also desirable to display the currently played chord in a manner different from other chords.

  In the above embodiment, the chord name displayed on the display 4 is composed of English letters, numbers, and symbols. However, the chord position shown on the staff or on the keyboard is indicated. It may be a diagram or a guitar tablature (a diagram showing a position pressed by a finger at a fret position of a guitar or the like).

  In the above embodiment, the automatic performance data corresponding to GM is supplied in the SMF format, and it is determined whether or not the track is the target track for detecting the chord through the MIDI channel. The player may designate a track for detecting a chord in advance.

In the case of performance data other than GM, a timbre may be associated with a program change, and a track or part whose chord is to be determined may be selected based on the timbre. In this case, the player may arbitrarily select which tone color is used for chord determination.

In the above embodiment, the timbre tone numbers for detecting chords are stored in the ROM as shown in Table 1, but conversely, the timbre tone numbers to be excluded from the targets for detecting chords are stored as targets. It may be determined whether or not.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the device for performing performance such as a keyboard is incorporated in a separate casing, but may be integrated in the same casing as the electronic musical instrument 1.

  Further, an automatic accompaniment device that performs automatic accompaniment is incorporated into the electronic musical instrument 1, and chords detected from the automatic performance data are supplied to the automatic accompaniment device, and the automatic accompaniment device performs automatic accompaniment based on the chords. Good. In this case, the chord information to be supplied to the automatic accompaniment apparatus is such that a complicated chord detected by the chord detection means is supplied as it is so that a variety of automatic accompaniment is performed. desirable.

  In addition, the electronic musical instrument 1 may include a keyboard and an automatic accompaniment device, and a chord detection unit that detects a chord designated by pressing a key on the keyboard may also be used as a chord detection unit that detects chords from automatic performance data. .

  In the above embodiment, the chord is detected based on the data indicating the note-on and note-off pitches included in the automatic performance data. You may make it convert into high data and determine a chord based on the pitch data.

It is a figure which shows the example of application of the electronic musical instrument of this invention. It is a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument. It is a figure showing a display. It is a schematic flowchart of operation | movement of an electronic musical instrument. It is a flowchart showing a chord progression process. It is a flowchart showing the simplification process of a chord progression. It is a flowchart showing the simplification process in a display. It is a flowchart showing the process which displays a chord progress according to progress of an automatic performance.

1 Electronic musical instrument 3 Processing device 4 Display (display means , display unit )
5 External storage device 6 Controller 10 Sound source
S4 CP simplified (code omission means, code omission step)

Claims (5)

Performance information storage means for storing performance information composed of a plurality of tracks;
Chord detection means for detecting chords based on performance information of any track stored in the performance information storage means ;
Display means for sequentially displaying the codes detected by the code detection means ;
When the code detection means detects a plurality of codes arranged in time series, based on a specific relationship indicated by each code information consisting of route information and type information each of the plurality of codes, Omitting the code that causes the display means to display the code that has lost the specific relationship by omitting one of the codes having the specific relationship from a plurality of codes arranged in time series electronic musical instrument characterized by comprising a means. Performance information storage means for storing performance information of a plurality of tones;
Chord detection means for detecting chords based on performance information of any tone stored in the performance information storage means ;
Display means for sequentially displaying the codes detected by the code detection means ;
When the code detection means detects a plurality of codes arranged in time series, based on a specific relationship indicated by each code information consisting of route information and type information each of the plurality of codes, Omitting the code that causes the display means to display the code that has lost the specific relationship by omitting one of the codes having the specific relationship from a plurality of codes arranged in time series electronic musical instrument characterized by comprising a means. When the chord detected by the chord detecting means is input, automatic accompaniment means for performing automatic accompaniment according to the input chord is provided,
When the chord detection means detects a plurality of chords arranged in time series, the chord input to the automatic accompaniment means is detected without executing the omission of the chord by the chord omission means. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of chords are used as they are. A program executed by an electronic musical instrument having a display unit capable of displaying codes,
A chord detection step for detecting chords based on performance information of any track stored in performance information storage means for storing performance information composed of a plurality of tracks;
A display step of sequentially displaying the codes detected by the code detection step on the display unit;
When the code detection step detects a plurality of codes arranged in time series, based on a specific relationship indicated by each code information composed of route information and type information each of the plurality of codes, By omitting one of the codes having the specific relationship from a plurality of codes arranged in time series, the code is omitted as a code for displaying the code without the specific relationship on the display unit. And causing the electronic musical instrument to execute a step. A program executed by an electronic musical instrument having a display unit capable of displaying codes,
A chord detection step of detecting chords based on performance information of any timbre stored in performance information storage means for storing performance information of a plurality of timbres;
A display step of sequentially displaying the codes detected by the code detection means on the display unit;
When the code detection step detects a plurality of codes arranged in time series, based on a specific relationship indicated by each code information composed of route information and type information each of the plurality of codes, By omitting one of the codes having the specific relationship from a plurality of codes arranged in time series, the code is omitted as a code for displaying the code without the specific relationship on the display unit. And causing the electronic musical instrument to execute a step.

Images