JP4631222B2 - Electronic musical instrument, keyboard musical instrument, electronic musical instrument control method and program - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument capable of playing chords, a keyboard musical instrument, an electronic musical instrument control method, andTheAbout the program.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A keyboard instrument such as an electronic piano or a synthesizer has a one-to-one correspondence between a key and a musical tone, and when one of the keys is pressed, a musical tone having a pitch corresponding to the key is output. Yes. A player who plays a desired piece of music using such a keyboard instrument can play not only single notes but also various chords by pressing a plurality of keys according to the progress of the piece of music. .
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, since the above-mentioned conventional keyboard musical instrument is provided with a plurality of keys (for example, 88 keys) corresponding to each musical tone, beginners who have just started practicing the keyboard musical instrument perform various chords. In this case, mistouch such as accidentally pressing a key different from the key that should be pressed tends to occur.
Also, not only beginners who have just started practicing the keyboard instrument, but also intermediates who are proficient in practicing the keyboard instrument have a large number of keys, so various chord performance operations (i.e., various It was difficult to learn the key combination).
The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances described above. An electronic musical instrument, a keyboard musical instrument, an electronic musical instrument control method, and an electronic musical instrument capable of playing various chords while the number of performance operators is small. An object is to provide a control program.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  In order to solve the above-described problem, an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention includes a plurality of performance operators,Determined from root sound designating means for designating the root sound of the chord, chord type designating means for designating the chord type, the root sound designated by the root sound designating means and the chord type designated by the chord type designating means. First storage means for storing assignment information indicating to which of the plurality of performance operators the constituent sounds of the chords to be assigned, and the root sound designated by the root sound designation means And assigning means for assigning each constituent sound of the chord determined from the chord type specified by the chord type specifying means to the performance operator according to the assignment information, turn specifying means for specifying the turn of the chord, and chord The second storage means for storing the basic logic of the turn, and when the turn of the chord is designated by the turn designation means, the chord In accordance with the basic logic of turning, the turning execution means for assigning a new constituent sound to the performance operator assigned with the constituent sound by the assigning means, and the operation of the performance operator assigned with the constituent sound by the assigning means. When the constituent sound assigned to the performance operator is output and a new constituent sound is assigned by the turning execution means, in response to the operation of the performance operator assigned to the new constituent sound. , A new assigned to the performance operatorOutput means for outputting the constituent sound.
  The electronic musical instrument according to the present invention is specified by a plurality of performance operators, a root sound designating means for designating a root sound of a chord, a chord type designating means for designating a chord type, and the root sound designating means. Allocation information indicating which of the plurality of performance operators is assigned to each component of the chord determined from the root tone and the chord type specified by the chord type specifying means is stored. Each component sound of the chord determined from the first storage means, the root sound specified by the root sound specifying means and the chord type specified by the chord type specifying means is sent to the performance operator according to the assignment information. Allocation means for assigning, bass sound setting designating means for designating the setting of the bass sound, and second memory for storing basic logic relating to the setting of the bass sound And when the bass sound setting is designated by the bass sound setting designation means, the bass sound is assigned to the performance operator assigned with the constituent sound by the assignment means according to the basic logic relating to the setting of the bass sound. In response to an operation of the performance operator assigned with the constituent sound by the assigning means, and outputs the constituent sound assigned to the performance operator. When a new component sound is assigned by the setting execution means, an output that outputs a new component sound assigned to the performance operator in response to the operation of the performance operator assigned to the new component sound Means.
  The electronic musical instrument according to the present invention includes a plurality of performance operators, detection means for detecting an operation state of the plurality of performance operators, and an operation state of the plurality of performance operators for designating each chord. An operation for designating a chord from the chord designation storage means for storing the chord designation information shown, the operation state of the plurality of performance operators detected by the detection means, and the operation state indicated by the chord designation information. A determination means for determining whether or not the determination means is an operation for designating the chord, and the operation states of the plurality of performance operators detected by the detection means and the chords A chord designating unit for designating a chord from the operation states of the plurality of performance operators for designating, and each component sound of the chord that can be designated by the chord designating unit is selected from among the plurality of performance operators. Assignment storage means for storing assignment information indicating whether to assign to a performance operator of a shift; assignment means for assigning each constituent sound of the chord designated by the chord designation means to the performance operator according to the assignment information; An output means for outputting a sound corresponding to an operation of a plurality of performance operators, and when the determination means determines that the operation is not an operation for designating the chord, a performance is performed by the assigning means according to the operation When the constituent sound assigned to the operator is output and the determination means determines that the chord is specified, the sound is not output according to the operation.Output means.
[0005]
According to this configuration, when a chord is designated by the chord designation means, each constituent sound of the designated chord is assigned to the performance operator of the electronic musical instrument. Since the constituent sounds assigned to each performance operator are different for each chord that can be specified by the chord specifying means, the performers etc. operate the performance operator assigned the constituent sounds of the specified chord, A desired chord can be played. In other words, since different sounds are assigned to each specified chord to each performance operator, it is possible to play various chords even if the number of the performance operators is small.
[0006]
  A keyboard instrument according to the present invention includes a plurality of keys,Detecting means for detecting operation states of the plurality of keys;The operation state of the plurality of keys for designating each chordThe chord designation informationRememberChord designationStorage means;Judgment means for judging whether the operation is for designating a chord from the operation states of the plurality of keys detected by the detection means and the operation state indicated by the chord designation information; and When it is determined that the operation is for specifying a chord, the operation state of the plurality of keys detected by the detection unit and the operation state of the plurality of keys for specifying each chord are determined.A chord designating unit for designating a chord, and allocation information indicating to which key of the plurality of keys the constituent sounds of the chord that can be designated by the chord designating unit are stored.allocationStorage means; and assigning means for assigning each constituent sound of the chord designated by the chord designation means to the key according to the assignment information;An output means for outputting a sound corresponding to the operation of the plurality of keys, when the determination means determines that the operation is not an operation for designating the chord,In response to the,By the assigning meansOutputs the component sound assigned to the keyHowever, if it is determined by the determining means that the operation is for designating the chord, no sound is output according to the operation.Output means.
[0007]
According to this configuration, when a chord is specified by the chord specifying means, each component sound of the specified chord is assigned to the key of the keyboard instrument. Since the constituent sound assigned to each key is different for each chord that can be specified by the chord specifying means, the performer or the like depresses the key to which the constituent sound of the specified chord is assigned, thereby pressing the desired chord. Can be played. In other words, since each key is assigned a different sound for each specified chord, even if the number of keys is small, various chords can be played.
[0008]
  The electronic musical instrument control method according to the present invention includes a plurality of performance operators,Detecting means for detecting operation states of the plurality of performance operators;An electronic musical instrument control method comprising:A chord is designated from the operation state of the plurality of performance operators detected by the detection means and the operation state of the plurality of performance operators for designating each chord indicated by the chord designation information stored in advance. A determination process for determining whether or not the operation is for the operation, and operations of the plurality of performance operators detected by the detection means when it is determined that the operation is for designating the chord in the determination process From the state and the operation state of the plurality of performance operators for designating each chordA chord designating process for designating a chord, and each constituent sound of the chord designated in the chord designating process, each constituent sound of the chord that can be designated in the chord designating process is selected from any of the plurality of performance operators Indicates whether to assign to performance controlsPre-storedAccording to the assignment information, assigning process to the performance operator,An output process of outputting sounds according to operations of the plurality of performance operators, and when the determination process determines that the operation is not an operation for designating the chord,In response to the,In the allocation processOutputs component sounds assigned to performance controlsIf it is determined in the determination process that the operation is for designating the chord, no sound is output according to the operation.And an output process.
[0009]
According to this method for controlling an electronic musical instrument, when a chord is designated in the chord designation process, each constituent sound of the designated chord is assigned to a performance operator of the electronic musical instrument. Since the constituent sounds assigned to each performance operator are different for each chord that can be designated in the chord designation process, the performer or the like operates the performance operator assigned the constituent sound of the designated chord, A desired chord can be played. In other words, since different sounds are assigned to each specified chord to each performance operator, it is possible to play various chords even if the number of the performance operators is small.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
<Principle of chord generation>
The embodiment described below discloses a keyboard instrument that can play various chords with a small number of keys. Prior to the description of the embodiment, the principle of chord generation will be described.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an external appearance of a general keyboard instrument 100. In FIG. 1, only a part of a plurality of keys is shown for convenience, but in reality, 88 keys are provided corresponding to a natural musical instrument piano or the like.
[0011]
As shown in FIG. 1A, the keyboard instrument 100 has a one-to-one correspondence between each key and a musical tone, and when a player presses a key, a musical tone corresponding to the key is output. It has come to be. Here, the symbols “C3” to “D4” attached corresponding to the white keys and “C # 3” to “D # 4” attached corresponding to the black keys are the musical sounds corresponding to the keys. The type of sound and the pitch of the sound are shown. Specifically, the English character “CDEFGAB” indicates the sound type “Doremifasolashi”, and the English character (“C #”, etc.) with “#” added is the English character (“C”, etc.). ) Is a semitone higher than the corresponding sound. The number (“3” or the like) attached to each English letter indicates the pitch of the sound. For example, “C4” and “C3” indicating the pitch name “do” are described as “C4”. Indicates that the sound is one octave higher than “C3”.
[0012]
When performing a chord performance using the keyboard instrument 100, the performer simultaneously presses a plurality of keys corresponding to the constituent sounds of the chord. For example, when playing a chord of the chord type “C major”, the performer simultaneously presses the keys corresponding to the constituent sounds “C3”, “E3”, “G3”, “C4”, “E4” of the chord. However, when playing a chord of the chord type “Minor 7th” (see FIG. 1 (b)), the performer performs the constituent sounds “C3”, “D # 3”, “G3”, “A # 3” of the chord. , The keys corresponding to “C4” are simultaneously pressed (see FIG. 1C).
[0013]
To describe each chord type in detail, in the chord type “C major”, the root tone (the lowest tone among the chord constituents) is “C3”, and the type of sound included in the chord is C (do). , E (Mi), G (So) chord type, that is, a chord type in which the number of types of sounds included in the chord (hereinafter referred to as the basic component number) is “3”. Similarly, in the chord type “minor seventh”, the root sound is “C3”, and the types of sounds included in the chord are C (do), D # (le #), G (so), A # (la #) Chord type, that is, a chord type having a basic component number of “4”.
[0014]
As described above, in the general keyboard instrument 100, various chord types (for example, “C major”, “minor seventh”) can be obtained by simultaneously pressing a plurality of keys corresponding to each musical tone out of 88 keys. Etc.) can be performed. On the other hand, in the keyboard instrument shown below, by changing the musical tone assigned to each key according to the chord to be played, various chord types (for example, “C” using only a small number of keys (see FIG. 2)). "Major", "Minor Sevens" etc.) can be played.
Hereinafter, an embodiment based on the above principle will be described.
[0015]
A; this embodiment
A-1: Configuration of the embodiment
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an appearance of the keyboard instrument 200 according to the present embodiment.
The keyboard instrument 200 includes a performance unit 12 composed of keys 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5.
Each of the keys 1 to 5 constituting the performance unit 12 can be pressed by the performer with a finger, like the keys of the general keyboard instrument 100 shown in FIG. The keys 1 to 5 correspond to the fingers of the player's right hand, for example, the key 1 is the thumb, the key 2 is the index finger, the key 3 is the middle finger, the key 4 is the ring finger, and the key 5 Corresponds to each little finger. With this configuration, the performer can perform with only one hand (right hand).
[0016]
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of the control system of the keyboard instrument 200.
A CPU (Central Processing Unit) 101 includes units connected via a bus 111, that is, a key state detection unit 102, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 103, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 104, a sound source 105, and an operation unit 108. Various information is exchanged between the two, and the keyboard instrument 200 is controlled centrally. A part or all of these parts may be embedded in the keyboard instrument 100, or may be provided in a box or the like separate from the keyboard instrument 200.
[0017]
The key state detection unit 102 detects key presses and key releases of the keys 1 to 5, supplies the detection result to the CPU 101 as key state information, and detects and detects the key press strength (key press strength). The result is supplied to the CPU 101 as key pressing strength information. When the CPU 101 receives the key state information and the key pressing strength information from the key state detection unit 102, the CPU 101 updates the registered content of the key event table KT stored in the RAM 103 based on these information.
[0018]
The RAM 103 is used as a main memory, and stores the key event table KT (see FIG. 4), the sound generation management table PT (see FIG. 5), the chord configuration assignment table CT (see FIGS. 6 to 9), and the like.
[0019]
a) Key event table KT
FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the key event table KT.
The key event table KT includes a key number for identifying each key 1 to 5, a flag indicating the state of each key 1 to 5 (key press; “1”, key release; “0”), and key press Velocity indicating the strength (key pressing strength range; v1 to v10, etc.) is registered in association with each other. In a state where the key event table KT shown in FIG. 4 is stored in the RAM 103, for example, when the player presses the key 3 with a certain strength, the CPU 101 causes the key state information and key press supplied from the key state detection unit 102 to be pressed. Based on the strength information (for example, “v3”, etc.), the flag corresponding to the key 3 is updated from “0” to “1”, the velocity “v3” corresponding to the key 3 is registered, and the key event table KT Update.
[0020]
b) Pronunciation management table PT
FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the pronunciation management table PT.
In the pronunciation management table PT, key numbers for identifying the respective keys 1 to 5 and chord constituent sounds (note numbers) are registered in association with each other. Each of these constituent sounds is sequentially updated by changing the designated chord type or the like. For example, when the chord type is changed from “C major” to “C minor seventh”, each key 1 to 5 is changed. The assigned note numbers are “C3”, “E3”, “G3”, “C4”, “E4” to “C3”, “D # 3”, “G3”, “A # 3”, “C4”, respectively. (See FIG. 5). In addition to changing the chord type, note numbers assigned to the keys 1 to 5 are changed by changing the root sound, etc., but will not be described in detail because it will be described later.
[0021]
c) Chord composition assignment table CT
The chord composition assignment table CT shown in FIGS. 6 to 9 is a chord composition assignment table when “C3” is designated as the root sound. 6 and 7 illustrate a one-stage designation chord composition assignment table CT (details will be described later), and FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate a two-stage designation chord composition assignment table CT (details will be described later). Is illustrated. Each chord configuration assignment table CT includes a combination of a file number XF for identifying a chord type that can be specified, a key (key number) for specifying each chord type, each chord type, and a basic configuration. The root number indicating the number of sounds, the constituent sound (note number) assigned to each key 1 to key 5, and the number of semitones above the root sound of the constituent sound assigned to each key 1 to key 5 The pitch comparison pitch information and the key positions of general keyboard instruments corresponding to the constituent sounds are registered in association with each other.
[0022]
The chord types are “Major”, “Seventh”, “Augment”, etc. The chord types when “C3” is designated as the root sound are “C Major”, “C Seventh”, “C August”, respectively. The chord type when “F3” is designated as the root sound is “F major”, “F seventh”, “F augment”, etc., respectively.
[0023]
In the present embodiment, each chord type can be specified by pressing the other four keys 1 to 4 together with the key 5 (little finger) in a predetermined combination, as in the above-described specification of the root sound (however, , Except when the chord type “major” is specified; details will be described later). As described above, the chord type specifying operation includes a one-step specifying operation for specifying a chord type by one operation and a two-step specifying operation for specifying a chord type by two operations. Each specifying operation will be described with a specific example. When a chord type “C 7th” is specified by a one-step specifying operation (see FIG. 6), the performer performs the following first step → second step → third step. Are executed sequentially.
First step: Pressing key 5 and key 1 (designating root sound “C3”)
Second step: With the key 5 held down, release the finger from the key 1 and press the key 4 (specifying the chord type “seventh”)
Third step: Release finger from keys 5 and 4 (confirm chord type "C Seventh")
[0024]
On the other hand, when the chord type “C Seventh Ninth” is designated by the two-stage designation operation (see FIG. 8), the performer performs the following first step, second step, third step, and fourth step. Run sequentially.
1 'step; key 5 and key 1 are pressed (designation of root sound "C3")
2 'step; release key 1 while pressing key 5, press key 4
Step 3 ': With the key 5 held down, release the finger from the key 4 and press the key 1 and key 3 (designation of the chord type "seventh nine")
4 'step; release finger from keys 5, 1 and 3 (confirm chord type "C Seventh Nine")
[0025]
When a chord type is designated in this way, the constituent sounds of the chord type chord are assigned to each key. Here, the structure of each chord type chord and the constituent sounds assigned to the keys 1 to 5 will be described in detail.
[0026]
<Composition of chord>
1st sound: Basically, the specified root sound
Second sound: Basically a sound that is three times higher than the root sound (for example, “E3” for the root sound “C3”, etc.)
Third sound: Basically, a sound that is five degrees above the root sound (for example, “G3” for the root sound “C3”, etc.)
4th note: Basically none
5th note: Basically none
[0027]
<Component sounds assigned to each key 1-5>
Key 1 ... 1st note (basic is the specified root tone)
Key 2 ... 2nd sound (basic sound is 3 times higher than the root sound)
Key 3 ... 3rd sound (basic sound is 5th higher than root sound)
Key 4 ... 4th note (if there is no 4th note, 1 note above the 1st note)
Key 5 ... 5th sound (If there is no 5th sound, the sound is higher than the sound assigned to key 4 one octave below the sound assigned to keys 1 to 4 Sound one octave above the lowest note)
[0028]
To explain with a specific example, when a chord type with a basic constituent tone number “3” (for example, chord type “C major”; see FIG. 6) is designated, The first sound “C3”, the second sound “E3”, and the third sound “G3” are assigned. The key 4 is assigned a sound “C4” one octave higher than the first sound “C3”, and the key 5 is assigned to the key 5. A sound “E4” that is higher than the sound “C3” one octave below the sound assigned to the key 4 and one octave above the lowest sound “E3” of the sounds assigned to the keys 1 to 4 Is assigned.
[0029]
In addition, when a chord type having a basic constituent tone number “4” (for example, chord type “C Seventh”; see FIG. 6) is designated, the first note “1” is assigned to each of the key 1, key 2, key 3, and key 4. C3, second sound “E3”, third sound “G3”, and fourth sound “A # 3” are assigned, and key 5 has a sound “A # 2” that is one octave below the sound assigned to key 4. "C4" is assigned one octave higher than the lowest tone "C3" among the sounds assigned to the keys 1 to 4.
[0030]
In addition, when a chord type having a basic component number of “5” (for example, chord type “C Seventh Nine”; see FIG. 8) is designated, each of the key 1, key 2, key 3, key 4, and key 5 The first sound “C3”, the second sound “E3”, the third sound “G3”, the fourth sound “A # 3”, and the fifth sound “D4” are assigned.
[0031]
Here, among the chords of various chord types, there are chords having constituent sounds equal to or higher than the sixth sound. For example, the chords of the chord type “C Major Seventh Sharp Elevens” are the first sound “C3”, the second sound “E3”, the third sound “G3”, the fourth sound “B3”, the fifth sound “D4”, This is composed of the sixth sound “F # 4”. In this way, in the case where there are six or more sounds in the constituent sounds, the highest sound (in the example, the sixth sound “F # 4”) among the constituent sounds is assigned to the key 5, and one sound before the highest sound. The constituent sounds up to (in the example, the fifth sound “D4”) are omitted.
[0032]
As a result, the basic component number of the chord type “C major seventh sharp eleven” is “5”, and the first sound “C3” and the second sound “E3” are respectively included in the key 1, key 2, key 3, and key 4. ”, The third sound“ G3 ”, the fourth sound“ B3 ”, and the key 5 is assigned the sixth sound“ F # 4 ”without being assigned the fifth sound“ D4 ”(see FIG. 7). ).
[0033]
Similarly, in the case of a chord composed of the first to seventh sounds, the first to fourth sounds are assigned to key 1, key 2, key 3, and key 4, respectively, and the seventh sound is assigned to key 5. (The highest sound among the constituent sounds) is assigned, and the fifth and sixth sounds (the constituent sounds up to the one before the highest sound) are omitted.
The basic patterns such as the assignment of the constituent sounds to the keys 1 to 5 have been described above. However, the basic patterns are merely examples. For example, the performer assigns the constituent sounds to the keys 1 to 5. Which component sound is assigned to the keys 1 to 5 can be changed according to the design of the keyboard instrument 200 and the like.
[0034]
Returning to FIG. 3 again, the ROM 104 stores various control programs executed by the CPU 101, as well as a root sound assignment table RT (see FIG. 10), a turn designation / on-base designation table IT (see FIG. 11), and the like. Remember. When the rewritable nonvolatile memory (for example, EEPROM (Electrionally Erasable and Programmable Read Only Memory)) is mounted on the keyboard instrument 200, each table stored in the RAM 103 or the ROM 104 is stored in the EEPROM or the like. It may be stored.
[0035]
a) Route sound assignment table RT
The root sound assignment table RT shown in FIG. 10 associates a specifiable root sound (the lowest sound among the chord constituent sounds) with a combination of keys (key numbers) for specifying each root sound. Registered.
In this embodiment, “C3” to “B3” can be designated as root sounds, and each root sound can be selected by pressing a key 5 (little finger) and the other four keys 1 to 4 in a predetermined combination. It is possible to specify. For example, if the key 1 is pressed together with the key 5, the root sound is set to “C (C3)”, and if the keys 1 and 3 are pressed simultaneously together with the key 5, the root sound is set to “E (E3)”. Is set. The range that can be specified as the root sound is not limited to “C3” to “B3” described above, but can be changed as appropriate according to the design and the like.
[0036]
b) Turn designation / on-base designation table IT
The turn designation / on-base designation table IT shown in FIG. 11 includes a combination of a key (key number) for designating the turn or on-base, and a key (key number) for resetting the turn and on-base. A combination is registered.
Designation of turning means designation of replacement (turning) of the upper and lower relations of the sound. Similar to the designation of the root sound described above, the key 4 (little finger) and the other four keys 1 to 4 are combined in a predetermined combination. By pressing, it is possible to specify turning, turning, and reset on-base. In this embodiment, the key combination for designating the turn is set so as not to overlap the key combination for designating the root sound (see FIG. 10).
[0037]
On-base designation means designation of bass sound setting (hereinafter simply referred to as bass sound designation). Similar to the chord type designation described above, key 5 (little finger) and other four keys 1 The bass sound can be designated by pressing ~ 4 in a predetermined combination. In this embodiment, the key combination for designating on-base is set so as not to overlap the key combination for designating the chord type (see FIGS. 6 to 9).
Here, the on-base designation will be described with an example. For example, the chord type “F major” is set (that is, the chord type component sounds “F3 (root sound)”, “A3”, “ C3 "," F4 ", and" A4 "are assigned to the keys 1 to 5), when the base sound" G "is designated, the new key 1 is assigned the bass sound" G2 " The constituent sounds “F3 (root sound)”, “A3”, “C3”, and “F4” assigned to the keys 1 to 4 are assigned to the keys 2 to 5. The details of the turn designation process and the on-base designation process will be clarified in the description of the operation.
[0038]
Returning to FIG. 3 again, the operation unit 108 includes operators such as a start switch for instructing the start of the performance operation and a stop switch for instructing the end of the performance operation, and outputs a signal corresponding to the operation by the performer. The data is output to the CPU 101.
[0039]
The tone generator 105 generates a tone signal corresponding to a single tone according to a performance event supplied from the CPU 101, and generates a plurality of tone signals constituting a chord. The performance event includes a note on event for instructing the generation of a musical sound, a note off event for instructing the muting of a musical sound generated by the note on event, and the like. When the tone generator 105 receives a note-on event instructing the generation of a chord from the CPU 101, the tone generator 105 generates a plurality of tone signals corresponding to the note number and velocity included in the note-on event and outputs them to the speaker 112. On the other hand, when the tone generator 105 receives a note-off event instructing to stop the generation of the chord from the CPU 101, the tone generator 105 stops generating a plurality of musical tone signals corresponding to the note numbers included in each note-off event. The musical tone signal output from the sound source 105 is amplified through an amplifier (not shown) and output from the speaker 110. Note that a configuration in which headphones, earphones, and the like are provided instead of the speakers 110 may be employed.
[0040]
A-2: Operation of the embodiment
FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing a main routine of processing executed in the present embodiment. Note that each process described below is executed by the CPU 101 according to various programs stored in the ROM 102.
[0041]
A-2-1: Main routine
First, when the keyboard instrument 200 is powered on, the CPU 101 performs an initial setting process (step S10). In this initial setting process, the CPU 101 initializes the key event table KT, the sound generation management table PT, etc., sets the initial root sound, sets the initial chord type, and the like. Specifically, for example, when “C3” is set as the initial root sound and “C Seventh” is set as the initial chord type, the CPU 101 sets the constituent sounds to be assigned to the keys 1 to 5 from the chord configuration assignment table CT ( Note number) is read out and registered in the pronunciation management table PT. When the initial setting process is completed, the CPU 101 determines whether or not a plurality of keys including the key 5 are simultaneously pressed based on the key state information, the key pressing strength information, and the like supplied from the key state detecting unit 102 (step S20). ).
[0042]
When the CPU 101 determines that a plurality of keys including the key 5 are simultaneously pressed (step S20; YES), the CPU 101 proceeds to step S30 and executes chord designation detection processing (details will be described later). When executing the chord designation detection process, the CPU 101 proceeds to step S40, and detects a key event (key on, key off) based on the key state information, key pressing strength information, and the like supplied from the key state detection unit 102. .
[0043]
When the CPU 101 detects that any one of the keys 1 to 5 or a plurality of keys is pressed (step S40 → step S50), the key state information supplied from the key state detection unit 102 is detected. Then, the key event table KT is updated based on the key pressing strength information and the like, and after performing the sound generation process (details will be described later), the process returns to step S20. On the other hand, when the CPU 101 detects that any of the pressed keys 1 to 5 or a plurality of keys are released (step S40 → step S60), the key state is the same as described above. The key event table KT is updated based on the key state information, key pressing strength information, and the like supplied from the detecting unit 102, and after performing a sound stop process (details will be described later), the process returns to step S20. When no key event is detected, the CPU 101 returns to step S20 without executing the sound generation process and the sound stop process.
[0044]
If CPU 101 determines in step S20 that a plurality of keys including key 5 have not been pressed simultaneously (step S20; NO), it skips step S30 and detects a key event (step S20). → Step S40). It should be noted that the key event detection operation and the subsequent operation can be described in the same manner as described above, and are therefore omitted. The CPU 101 repeatedly executes the processes shown in steps S20 to S60 described above until the keyboard instrument 200 is turned off.
[0045]
A-2-2: Chord designation detection processing
FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing the chord designation detection process described above.
The chord designation detection process includes a root tone designation process, a chord type designation process, a turn designation process, and an on-base designation process. A root tone designation (see step S100) and a chord type designation (see step S200). At this stage, turn designation (see step S300) and on-base designation (see step S400) can be made.
Hereinafter, each of the root sound designation process, the chord type designation process, the turn designation process, and the on-base designation process will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
[0046]
A-2-2-1; Route sound designation processing
When the CPU 101 detects that a plurality of keys including the key 5 are simultaneously pressed, the CPU 101 executes a chord designation detection process shown in FIG. In step S100, the CPU 101 compares the key state information supplied from the key state detection unit 102 with the root sound assignment table RT (see FIG. 10) stored in the ROM 104, and the operation performed by the performer is the root sound. It is determined whether the operation is a designated operation. If the CPU 101 determines that the operation performed by the performer is a root sound designating operation, that is, the key combination pressed by the performer matches one of the key combinations shown in FIG. 10 (step S100; YES). Based on the key status information supplied from the key status detection unit 102, it is determined whether or not the key 5 has been released (step S110).
[0047]
If the CPU 101 determines that the key 5 has been released based on the key status information (step S110; YES), the CPU 101 proceeds to step S240 and designates “major” as the chord type. More specifically, as shown in the chord configuration assignment table CT (see FIGS. 6 to 9), when each chord type other than the chord type “major” is designated, the key 5 pressed to designate the root tone is released. Instead, the other four keys 1 to 4 are pressed again in a predetermined combination. On the other hand, when the chord type “major” is specified, the key 5 pressed for specifying the root sound is released.
[0048]
In the present embodiment, since the chord type “major” is designated by releasing the key 5, for example, without releasing the key (key 1 or the like) pressed together with the key 5 for designating the root sound. The chord type “major” is designated, but how to handle the case where the key pressed with the key 5 is not released when the key 5 is released depends on the configuration of the chord configuration assignment table CT and the like. Can be set as appropriate.
[0049]
On the other hand, when the CPU 101 determines that the key 5 is not released based on the key state information supplied from the key state detection unit 102 (step S110; NO), the CPU 101 proceeds to step S120, and whether or not another key has been pressed. Determine whether. If the CPU 101 determines that no other key is pressed based on the key state information supplied from the key state detection unit 102 (step S120; NO), the CPU 101 returns to step S110 and repeatedly executes the above-described processing. On the other hand, if the CPU 101 determines that another key has been pressed (step S120; YES), the CPU 101 proceeds to step S200 to determine whether or not to execute the chord type designation process.
[0050]
A-2-2-2; Chord type designation processing
In step S200, the CPU 101 compares the key state information supplied from the key state detection unit 102 with the chord configuration assignment table CT (see FIGS. 6 to 9), and the other key pressing operation is a chord type designation operation. Judge whether there is. More specifically, the CPU 101 determines whether the pressing operation is a one-step specifying operation for specifying a chord type by a single pressing operation based on the key state information supplied from the key state detecting unit 102 (see FIG. 6). Matches one of the chord type designation operations shown) or is a two-stage designation operation in which a chord type is designated by two operations (matches one of the chord type designation operations shown in FIG. 8) or chord It is determined whether the operation is a type designation operation (does not match any chord type designation operation shown in FIGS. 6 and 8). Note that the one-stage designating operation and the two-stage designating operation are omitted because the details are clarified in the section of the configuration description of the embodiment.
[0051]
If the CPU 101 determines that the pressing operation is not a chord type designation operation (step S200; NO), the CPU 101 proceeds to step S400 to determine whether or not to execute an on-base designation process described later. On the other hand, when the CPU 101 determines that the pressing operation is a chord type designation operation (step S200; YES), the root sound designated in the above-described route sound designation processing (in the following description, for the sake of convenience, the initial root sound and After updating the chord composition assignment table CT (see FIGS. 6 to 9) based on the same “C3”) (step S210), the process proceeds to step S220.
[0052]
In step S <b> 220, the CPU 101 assigns the constituent sounds of the specified chord type (such as “C major add nine”) to the keys 1 to 5. Specifically, from the updated chord composition assignment table CT, the constituent sounds of a specified chord type chord, more specifically, the constituent sounds corresponding to each key 1 to key 5 (chord type “C major add nine”) (C3), “E3”, “G3”, “D4”, “E4”, etc.) and the read constituent sounds are registered in the pronunciation management table PT (see FIG. 5) (step S220). .
[0053]
When the assignment of the constituent sounds to the keys 1 to 5 is completed, the CPU 101 determines whether or not the key 5 has been released based on the key state information supplied from the key state detection unit 102 (step S230). If it is determined that the key 5 has not been released (step S230; NO), the CPU 101 repeatedly executes step S230, while if it is determined that the key 5 has been released (step S230; YES), the chord type designation process ends. To do.
[0054]
A-2-2-3: Turn designation processing
On the other hand, if it is determined in step 100 that the operation performed by the performer is not the root sound designation operation, that is, the key combination pressed by the performer is any key combination shown in the root sound assignment table RT. If it is determined that they do not match, the CPU 101 proceeds to step S300 in order to determine whether or not to execute the turn designation process.
[0055]
In step S300, the CPU 101 compares the key status information supplied from the key status detection unit 102 with the turn designation / on-base designation table IT (see FIG. 11), and determines whether the pressing operation is a turn designation operation. Judge whether or not. As described above, in this embodiment, the key combination for designating each root sound and the key combination for designating the turn are set so as not to overlap (see FIGS. 10 and 11). ). As a result of the comparison, if the CPU 101 determines that the pressing operation is not a turn designation operation (step S300; NO), the CPU 101 proceeds to step S230, while if the CPU 101 determines that the pressing operation is a turn designation operation (step S300; YES). In step S310, a turn designation process is executed.
[0056]
FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing a turn designation process.
When the CPU 101 detects that all the keys 1 to 5 have been pressed at the same time and determines that the pressing operation is a turn and on-base reset operation (step S311; YES), it is designated. The turning and on-base are reset, and the state before the turning and on-base is specified is returned (step S312).
[0057]
On the other hand, when the CPU 101 determines that the pressing operation is not a turn and on-base reset operation (step S311; NO), the CPU 101 determines whether the operation is an upward turn designation operation or a downward turn designation operation (step S311). S313). More specifically, when the CPU 101 detects that the key 2, the key 3 and the key 5 are simultaneously pressed (see FIG. 11), the CPU 101 determines that the operation is a downturn designation operation and proceeds to step S314. If it is detected that the keys 1, 3 to 5 are simultaneously pressed (see FIG. 11), it is determined that the operation is an upturn designation operation, and the process proceeds to step S315. Thus, in the present embodiment, it is possible to specify upward turning and downward turning. Hereinafter, the basic logic of the turn when the upturn is designated will be described.
[0058]
When the CPU 101 determines that the pressing operation is an upturn designation operation, the CPU 101 refers to the chord composition assignment table CT and the like, and has already designated a chord type (that is, a chord type designated in the previous chord designation detection process). ) Is determined to correspond to any of “3” to “5”. If the CPU 101 determines that the basic component number of the chord type is “3”, the process proceeds to step S316. If the CPU 101 determines that the basic component number of the chord type is “4”, the process proceeds to step 317. If it is determined that the basic component number of the chord type is “5”, the process proceeds to step S318.
[0059]
FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining the upturn designation process, and FIGS. 16 to 18 are flowcharts showing processes a to c, respectively. In the following, each chord type of “C major (basic component number; 3)”, “C major add nines (basic component number; 4)”, “C seventh nines (basic component number; 5)” An example will be described in the case where is already specified. In the following description, in order to facilitate understanding of the description, the keys 1 to 5 before execution of the turn designation process and after execution of the turn designation process are referred to as old key 1 to old key 5 and new key 1 to new key 5 respectively. That's it.
[0060]
A-2-2-3-1; processing a
When the CPU 101 determines that the already specified chord type is a chord type with the basic component number “3” (for example, “C major”) (step S315 → step S316), the process a shown in FIG. 16 is executed. To do. When executing the process a, the CPU 101 assigns the new key 1 with the sound “E3” of the old key 2 (specifically, the constituent sound “E3” assigned to the old key 2; hereinafter the same), and assigns the new key 1. After assigning the sound “G3” of the old key 3 to the key 2 (step S316a → step S316b), the sound “C4” one octave higher than the sound “C3” of the old key 1 is assigned to the new key 2 “G3” It is judged whether it is higher than "" (step S316c).
[0061]
If it is determined that the sound “C4” one octave higher than the sound of the old key 1 is higher than the sound “G3” assigned to the new key 2 (step S316c; YES), the CPU 101 adds the sound of the old key 1 to the new key 3. The sound “C4” one octave above is assigned (step S316d). Similarly, when the CPU 101 determines that the sound “E4” one octave higher than the sound “E3” of the old key 2 is higher than the sound “C4” assigned to the new key 3 (step S316f; YES), the new key 4 Is assigned a sound “E4” that is one octave higher than the sound of the old key 2 (step S316g). Further, when the CPU 101 determines that the sound “G4” one octave higher than the sound “G3” of the old key 3 is higher than the sound “E4” assigned to the new key 4 (step S316i; YES), A sound “G4” that is one octave higher than the sound of the old key 3 is assigned (step S316j), and the process a ends.
[0062]
On the other hand, if the CPU 101 determines in step 316c that the sound one octave higher than the sound of the old key 1 is lower than the sound assigned to the new key 2 (step S316c; NO), A sound two octaves above is assigned (step S316e), and the process proceeds to step S316f.
Similarly, when the CPU 101 determines in step 316f that the sound one octave higher than the sound of the old key 2 is lower than the sound assigned to the new key 3 (step S316f; NO), the sound of the old key 2 is added to the new key 4. After assigning a sound two octaves higher (step S316h), the process proceeds to step S316i. Similarly, when it is determined in step 316i that the sound one octave higher than the sound of the old key 3 is lower than the sound assigned to the new key 4 (step S316i; NO), the sound of the old key 3 is added to the new key 5. After assigning a sound of 2 octaves above (step S316k), the process a is terminated. Note that the sounds assigned to the new keys 1 to 5 by executing the process a are registered by the CPU 101 in the pronunciation management table PT (see FIG. 5).
[0063]
A-2-2-3-2; processing b
Returning to FIG. 14 again, when the CPU 101 determines that the already specified chord type is a chord type with a basic component number of “4” (for example, “C major add nine”) (step S315 → step S317). Process b shown in FIG. 17 is executed. When executing the process b, the CPU 101 assigns the sound “E3” of the old key 2 to the new key 1, assigns the sound “G3” of the old key 3 to the new key 2, and assigns the sound “G3” of the old key 4 to the new key 3. After assigning “D4” (step S317a → step S317b → step S317c), whether the sound “C4” one octave higher than the sound “C3” of the old key 1 is higher than the sound “D4” assigned to the new key 3 Is determined (step S317d).
[0064]
When the CPU 101 determines that the sound “C4” that is one octave higher than the sound of the old key 1 is lower than the sound “D4” assigned to the new key 3 (step S317d; NO), the sound of the old key 1 is added to the new key 4. After assigning the sound “C5” two octaves higher (step S317e), the process proceeds to step S317g. In step S317g, the CPU 101 selects a sound one octave lower than the sound “C5” assigned to the new key 4 among the sounds “E3”, “G3”, and “D4” assigned to the new key 1 to the new key 3. A sound higher than “C4” is detected, and the process proceeds to step S317h. In step S317h, the CPU 101 searches for the lowest sound (that is, the lowest sound) “D4” among the detected sounds, and assigns the sound “D5” one octave higher than the searched lowest sound to the new key 5. Thereafter, the process b is terminated.
[0065]
On the other hand, when the CPU 101 determines in step S317d that the sound one octave higher than the sound of the old key 1 is higher than the sound assigned to the new key 3 (step S317d; YES), the sound of the old key 1 is added to the new key 4. Is assigned one octave higher (step S317f), and the process proceeds to step S317g. Note that the operation after proceeding to step S317g can be described in the same manner as described above, and is therefore omitted. Further, the sounds assigned to the new key 1 to the new key 5 by executing the process b are registered in the pronunciation management table PT (see FIG. 5) by the CPU 101 as in the process a described above.
[0066]
A-2-2-3-3; treatment c
On the other hand, if the CPU 101 determines that the already specified chord type is a chord type with a basic component number of “5” (for example, “C major seventh nine”) (step S315 → step S318), it is shown in FIG. Process c is executed. When executing the process c, the CPU 101 assigns the sound “E3” of the old key 2 to the new key 1, assigns the sound “G3” of the old key 3 to the new key 2, and assigns the sound “G3” of the old key 4 to the new key 3. A # 3 "is assigned and the sound" D4 "of the old key 5 is assigned to the new key 4 (step S318a-> step S318b-> step S318c-> step S318d), then one octave above the sound" C3 "of the old key 1 It is determined whether or not the sound “C4” is higher than the sound “D4” assigned to the new key 4 (step S317e).
[0067]
When the CPU 101 determines that the sound “C4” that is one octave higher than the sound of the old key 1 is lower than the sound “D4” assigned to the new key 4 (step S318e; NO), the CPU 101 adds the sound of the old key 1 to the new key 5. After assigning the sound “C5” two octaves higher (step S318f), the process c is terminated.
On the other hand, when the CPU 101 determines in step S318e that the sound one octave higher than the sound of the old key 1 is higher than the sound assigned to the new key 4 (step S318e; YES), the sound of the old key 1 is added to the new key 5. After assigning the sound “C4” that is one octave above (step S318g), the process c is terminated. Note that the sounds assigned to the new keys 1 to 5 by executing the process c are registered in the pronunciation management table PT (see FIG. 5) by the CPU 101, as in the processes a and b described above.
[0068]
In this way, the CPU 101 executes any one of the processes a to c based on the chord type basic component number that has already been specified, and ends the turn designation process (see FIG. 14). The basic logic of the turn when the upturn is specified (step S313 → step S315) has been described above, but the basic logic of the turn when the downturn is specified (step S313 → step S314) is described above. The reverse logic of turning (for example, when an upturn specifying process is executed in a state where a certain chord type is specified, after returning to the original chord type by executing the downturn specifying process after executing the upturn specifying process, etc. ) And will be omitted.
[0069]
Returning to FIG. 13 again, when the CPU 101 finishes the turn designation process (step S310), whether or not the key 5 pressed for the turn designation is released based on the key state information supplied from the key state detection unit 102. Is determined (step S230). If it is determined that the key 5 has not been released (step S230; NO), the CPU 101 repeatedly executes step S230, while if it is determined that the key 5 has been released (step S220; YES), the chord type designation process ends. To do.
[0070]
A-2-2-4; on-base designation processing
If the CPU 101 determines in step S200 that the operation performed by the performer is not a chord type designation operation, that is, the combination of keys pressed by the performer is the chord configuration assignment table CT (see FIGS. 6 to 9). ), The CPU 101 proceeds to step S400 to determine whether or not to execute the on-base designation process.
[0071]
In step S400, the CPU 101 compares the key state information supplied from the key state detection unit 102 with the turn designation / on-base designation table IT (see FIG. 11), and the pressing operation is an on-base designation operation. Judge whether there is. As described above, in this embodiment, the key combination for designating each chord type and the key combination for designating on-base are set so as not to overlap (FIGS. 6 to 6). 9 and FIG. 11). As a result of the comparison, if the CPU 101 determines that the pressing operation is not an on-base specifying operation, the CPU 101 returns to step S120 to execute the root sound specifying process. On the other hand, if the CPU 101 determines that the pressing operation is an on-base specifying operation, Proceeding to step S410, on-base designation processing is executed.
[0072]
FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining the on-base designation process, and FIG. 20 is a flowchart showing the on-base designation process. In the following, the chord designation detection process is executed in a state where the chord type “F major” has already been designated, and the steps of the root tone designation process in the chord designation detection process (steps S100 to S1 shown in FIG. 13). The case where the root sound “G” is selected in S120) will be described as an example. Also, in the following, in order to facilitate understanding of the description, the keys 1 to 5 before execution of the on-base designation process and after execution of the on-base designation process are referred to as old key 1 to old key 5 and new key 1 respectively. ~ New key 5.
[0073]
First, the CPU 101 detects the lowest tone from the constituent sounds of the chord type that has already been specified (for example, “F major”) (step S411). The chord type “F major” shown in FIG. 19 will be described as an example. The CPU 101 selects the lowest tone from the constituent sounds “F3”, “A3”, “C3”, “F4”, “A4” of the chord type. “F3” is detected. When the CPU 101 detects the lowest sound, the CPU 101 uses a sound existing between the detected lowest sound “F3” and a sound “F2” one octave below the lowest sound (ie, “F2” to “F3”). Then, the sound “G2” corresponding to the root sound “G” specified immediately before (that is, the root sound “G” specified at the stage of the root sound specifying process) is set as the base sound (step S412).
[0074]
Then, the CPU 101 assigns the base sound “G2” set to the new key 1 (step S413), assigns the sound “F3” of the old key 1 to the new key 2 (step S414), and assigns the old key 2 to the new key 3. The sound “A3” is assigned (step S415), the sound “A3” of the old key 3 is assigned to the new key 4 (step S416), and the sound “A3” of the old key 4 is assigned to the new key 5 (step S417). , The on-base designation process is terminated.
[0075]
Here, for example, when the on-base designation process (hereinafter referred to as the first stage on-base designation process) is executed, the on-base designation process (hereinafter referred to as the second stage on-base designation process) is executed again. The sound assigned to the key 2 after the execution of the first-stage on-base designation process (“F3” in the above example) is the lowest sound, and the key is the same logic as the basic logic of the on-base described above. Only the sound assigned to 1 is changed. Note that the sounds assigned to the new key 1 to the new key 5 by executing the on-base designation process are registered in the pronunciation management table PT (see FIG. 5) by the CPU 101 as in the above-described turn designation process.
[0076]
Returning to FIG. 13 again, when the CPU 101 completes the on-base designation process, whether or not the key 5 pressed for on-base designation has been released based on the key status information supplied from the key status detection unit 102. (Step S410 → Step S230). If it is determined that the key 5 has not been released (step S230; NO), the CPU 101 repeatedly executes step S230, while if it is determined that the key 5 has been released (step S230; YES), the chord type designation process ends. To do.
[0077]
A-2-3; Pronunciation processing
Returning again to FIG. 12, after completing the chord designation detection process, the CPU 101 selects any one of the keys 1 to 5 based on the key state information, key pressing strength information, and the like supplied from the key state detection unit 102. Alternatively, when it is detected that a plurality of keys have been pressed (key on) (step S40 → step S50), sound generation processing is executed.
[0078]
FIG. 21 is a flowchart showing the sound generation process. In the following description, it is assumed that the following chord is designated in the chord designation detection process.
<Chord composition>
Route sound "C (C3)"
Chord type ・ ・ ・ "Major (C Major)"
[0079]
First, the CPU 101 identifies the pressed key (for example, key 1, key 2, key 4) based on the key state information supplied from the key state detection unit 102, and assigns a tone to be generated to the identified key. In order to determine whether or not there is a corresponding musical tone, the pronunciation management table PT is referred to (step S51). If the CPU 101 determines that the corresponding musical tone exists (step S52; YES), the CPU 101 identifies the musical tone to be generated, that is, the musical tones “C3”, “G3”, and “C4” assigned to the keys 1, 2, and 4. (Step S53), the process proceeds to Step S54.
[0080]
The CPU 101 corresponds to each key 1, key 2, and key 4 registered in the key event table KT (see FIG. 4) based on the key state information and the key pressing strength information supplied from the key state detection unit 102. After reversing the flag (“0” → “1”), updating the velocity, etc., a note-on event instructing the tone generator 105 to generate a musical tone is transmitted, and the sound generation process is terminated. For example, when it is detected that the key 1, key 2, and key 4 are pressed with strengths “v1”, “v2”, and “v4”, the CPU 101 determines “C3”, “G3”, and “C4”. A note-on event indicating that the musical sound (note number) should be generated with the strength (velocity) of “v 1”, “v 2”, and “v 4” is generated and output to the sound source 105. The sound source 105 generates a plurality of musical sound signals according to the note-on event received from the CPU 101, and thereby a desired chord is output from the speaker 110.
[0081]
On the other hand, when CPU 101 determines in step S52 that no corresponding musical tone exists (step S52; NO), CPU 101 ends the sound generation process without executing steps S53 and S54. As is clear from the chord configuration assignment table CT shown in FIGS. 6 to 9, in the present embodiment, the corresponding musical tone always exists regardless of which chord type is designated. However, for example, in a certain chord type, it may be assumed that constituent sounds corresponding to the chord type are assigned to keys 1 to 3 and constituent sounds are not assigned to keys 4 and 5.
[0082]
Assuming such a case, the step of determining whether or not the corresponding musical tone exists in the sound generation process is provided. If it is clear that the corresponding musical tone exists, that is, the chord composition assignment table CT (FIG. 6 to FIG. 6). As shown in FIG. 9, if a corresponding musical tone always exists regardless of which chord type is specified, it is also possible to specify a musical tone to be pronounced without determining whether or not the corresponding musical tone exists. It is.
[0083]
The chords that can be generated include a simultaneous chord that is generated by simultaneously pressing a plurality of keys and a distributed chord that is generated by pressing each of the plurality of keys at predetermined timings.
Here, it is possible to configure simultaneous chords and distributed chords for the musical sounds assigned to the keys 1 to 4, but it is possible to configure only the distributed chords for the musical sounds assigned to the key 5. is there. As described above, the simultaneous pressing operation of a plurality of keys including the key 5 is determined to be a chord designation operation by the CPU 101 (see step S20 shown in FIG. 12). Simultaneous chords cannot be produced by simultaneously pressing the keys. However, by slightly shifting the timing of pressing the key 5 from the timing of simultaneously pressing other keys (for example, key 1, key 4, etc.), it is possible to produce distributed chords that are close to simultaneous chords in terms of hearing. It becomes.
[0084]
A-2-4; Stop sound processing
Returning to FIG. 12 again, after the chord designation detection process is completed, the CPU 101 determines which of the keys 1 to 5 is pressed based on the key status information, key pressing strength information, etc. supplied from the key status detection unit 102. When it is detected that the key or a plurality of keys are released (step S40 → step S60), a sound stopping process is executed.
[0085]
FIG. 22 is a flowchart showing the sound stopping process.
First, the CPU 101 identifies the released keys (for example, key 1, key 2, key 4) based on the key state information supplied from the key state detection unit 102, and the musical sound to be stopped by the identified key is detected. In order to determine whether it is assigned, that is, whether there is a corresponding musical tone, the pronunciation management table PT is referred to (step S61). When the CPU 101 determines that the corresponding musical tone exists (step S62; YES), the musical tone to be stopped, that is, each musical tone assigned to the key 1, key 2, and key 4 (for example, “C3”, “G3”, “ C4 ") is specified (step S63), and the process proceeds to step S64.
[0086]
The CPU 101 inverts the flags corresponding to the keys 1, 2 and 4 registered in the key event table KT (see FIG. 4) based on the key status information supplied from the key status detector 102 (" 1 "→" 0 "), etc., a note-off event instructing the sound source 105 to stop the generation of the musical sound is sent, and the sound stopping process is terminated. The sound source 105 stops generating a plurality of musical tone signals in accordance with the note-off event received from the CPU 101, thereby stopping the sounding of a desired chord. On the other hand, if the CPU 101 determines in step S62 that no corresponding musical tone is present (step S62; NO), the CPU 101 ends the sound stopping process without executing steps S63 and S64. Note that, in the sound stopping process, as in the sound generation process described above, a step for determining whether or not a corresponding musical tone exists is provided. The reason for providing such a step will be described in the same manner as in the sound generation process described above. Since it can be done, it is omitted.
[0087]
As described above, according to the keyboard instrument according to the present embodiment, various chords can be played while the number of keys is small (for example, five keys).
Further, the performer can designate a chord to be played only by operating a small number of keys arranged on the keyboard instrument. That is, since it is not necessary to provide an operation button or the like for designating a chord to be played, the keyboard instrument can be configured easily. Further, since a chord to be played can be specified only by operating a small number of keys, the performer can easily learn the operation for specifying the chord.
[0088]
Further, according to the keyboard instrument according to the present embodiment, it is possible to specify a chord type, a root sound, a turn, and an on-base. This makes it possible to play a wider variety of chords than a keyboard instrument that can only specify a chord type.
Further, when a chord is designated by the performer, each key is assigned a constituent sound of the specified chord, so that the performer is assigned a mistouch (that is, a sound different from the constituent sound of the chord). You can play the correct chord without worrying about accidentally pressing the key.
[0089]
In addition, chord designation and chord performance can be performed by operating keys arranged on the keyboard instrument, but the operation for designating the chord and the operation for playing the chord are independent of each other. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a problem that a chord or the like is pronounced at the stage where the chord is specified.
[0090]
B: Modification
Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the above embodiment is merely an example, and various modifications can be made to the above embodiment without departing from the spirit of the present invention. As modifications, for example, the following can be considered.
[0091]
<Modification 1>
FIG. 23 is a flowchart showing a turn designation process according to the first modification. The turn designation process shown in FIG. 21 has a configuration in which step S319 is provided with respect to the turn designation process shown in FIG. Since the other configuration is the same as the turn designation process shown in FIG. 14, the corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
[0092]
When the CPU 101 executes any one of the processes a to c based on the chord type basic component number that has already been specified, the process proceeds to step S319. In step S319, the CPU 101 determines again whether or not a turn designation operation has been performed. More specifically, the CPU 101 determines whether key 1, key 3 to key 5 are pressed at the same time in step S319 (upward turning designation operation), or whether key 2, key 3 and key 5 are pressed at the same time (designating downturning). Operation). If the CPU 101 determines that an upward turn designation operation or a downward turn designation operation has not been performed (step S319; NO), the turn designation process is terminated, while an upward turn designation operation or a downward turn designation operation is completed. If it is determined that has been made, the process returns to step S313.
Since the subsequent operation is the same as that of the above-described embodiment, the description thereof is omitted. In this way, the turn designation process may be repeatedly executed.
[0093]
<Modification 2>
In the above-described embodiment, the turn designation process and the on-base designation process have been described independently. For example, after the on-base designation process is executed in the first chord designation detection process, the second time The turn designation process may be executed in the chord designation detection process (see FIG. 13). In such a case, the bass sound assigned to the key 1 is not subject to turning, and the constituent sounds assigned to the keys 2 to 5 are subject to turning, and the turn designation processing similar to this embodiment is performed. Execute. As described above, it is also possible to execute the turn designation process and the on-base designation process in combination.
[0094]
<Modification 3>
Further, in the above-described embodiment, the description has been given by taking as an example the one-step designation that designates the chord type by one operation and the two-step designation that designates the chord type by two operations, but by three or more operations. A chord type may be designated. Thus, the performer can specify more chord types. Of course, the chord type can be designated only by one or two operations.
[0095]
<Modification 4>
FIG. 24 is a diagram illustrating the meaning of the key to be pressed when designating each chord type by a one-step designating operation.
As shown in FIG. 24, for a chord type designated by, for example, simultaneously pressing a plurality of keys other than key 1, the second sound remains as a basic component sound, while a plurality of keys including key 1 are As for the chord type specified by pressing simultaneously, the key to be pressed may be given meaning when specifying each chord type, such as lowering the second sound by a semitone from the basic component sound. Here, the meaning of each key shown in FIG. 24 is only basic and there are exceptions. By following this meaning as much as possible, the player includes, for example, key 1 when specifying a chord type. If a plurality of keys are pressed, it can be estimated that a minor chord is pronounced. Note that a key to be pressed when designating each chord type by a two-stage designating operation or the like may have the same meaning.
[0096]
<Modification 5>
In the above-described embodiment, a keyboard instrument that can specify a root sound, a turn, and an on-base in addition to a chord type has been described. For example, a chord type, a root sound, a turn, and on It is also possible to apply to a keyboard instrument that can specify any one or a plurality of -bases.
[0097]
<Modification 6>
In the above-described embodiment, a keyboard instrument having five keys has been described as an example. However, for example, the present invention can be applied to a keyboard instrument having ten keys.
FIG. 25 is a perspective view showing an appearance of a keyboard instrument 300 according to the sixth modification.
The keyboard instrument 300 includes a left-hand playing unit 311 constituted by keys 1 to 5 and a right-hand playing unit 312 constituted by keys 6 to 10.
The keys 1 to 5 of the left hand playing unit 311 correspond to the left fingers of the performer, the key 5 is the left thumb, the key 4 is the left index finger, the key 3 is the left middle finger, the key 2 corresponds to the left ring finger, and key 1 corresponds to the left little finger.
The keys 6 to 10 of the right hand playing unit 312 correspond to the fingers of the right hand of the performer. The key 6 is the thumb of the right hand, the key 7 is the index finger of the right hand, the key 8 is the middle finger of the right hand, 9 corresponds to the ring finger of the right hand, and the key 10 corresponds to the little finger of the right hand.
[0098]
When using the keyboard instrument 300, the performer operates chords 1 to 5 of the left hand performance unit 311 to specify chords, and operates keys 6 to 10 of the right hand performance unit 312 to perform. . In this way, the chord is specified using one hand of the left hand or the right hand, and the performance is performed by using a hand different from the one hand, that is, the performance unit for specifying the chord. And the performance section for performing the performance, the performer can specify and perform the chord without paying attention to the hand. Of course, as in the above-described embodiment, the chord is designated and played by a combination of ten keys without separating the performance section for performing chord designation and the performance section for performing performance. May be.
[0099]
Further, the number of keys is not limited to ten. For example, two sets of the left-hand playing unit 311 and the right-hand playing unit 312 are arranged so that the total number of keys is 20, so that two players can perform rendition. It may be. Specifically, one performer performs using the ten keys provided in the performance practice device, and the other performer performs using the other ten keys. It is. As described above, the present invention can be applied without limiting the number of keys, but the fingers of one or more performers correspond to each key on a one-to-one basis. The number of keys is preferably 5n (n is a positive integer).
[0100]
<Modification 7>
In the above-described embodiment, the special keyboard instrument 200 having five keys has been described as an example. However, the number of keys is the same as that of a normal keyboard instrument (for example, 88 keys). It is also possible to specify a chord and perform using a part of these plural keys (for example, five keys) using a keyboard instrument. As the keyboard instrument, for example, an electronic keyboard instrument, a mute piano capable of mute performance, a mute performance, a performance with a large number of tones, and a mute automatic performance piano capable of automatic performance can be used.
[0101]
The keyboard instrument according to the modified example 7 has a different number of keys, that is, the number of keys of the keyboard instrument according to the present modified example is 88, whereas the number of keys of the keyboard instrument according to the present embodiment is five. Except for the point, it is almost the same as the keyboard musical instrument according to the above-described embodiment, and thus the description of the other components and the like is omitted.
[0102]
The keyboard instrument having such a configuration uses a mode (normal mode) in which performance is performed using 88 keys as in the case of a normal keyboard instrument, and only five of the 88 keys are used. Switching to a chord designation and performance mode (special mode) similar to the above-described embodiment is possible. Such switching is performed, for example, when the performer operates an operation button (not shown).
[0103]
When the keyboard instrument is set to the normal mode, the CPU 101 determines which key is pressed or released based on the key state information and key pressing strength information supplied from the key state detecting unit 102. A note-on event or a note-off event instructing generation or stop of a musical sound corresponding to the key is output to the sound source 105. As described above, when the keyboard instrument is set to the normal mode, the performer can perform the same performance as a conventional keyboard instrument.
[0104]
On the other hand, the operation when the keyboard instrument is set to the special mode is as follows.
The performer first selects any five of the 88 keys that make up the keyboard. For example, five keys pressed by the performer after performing a predetermined operation on the operation unit 108 are selected as keys for specifying chords and performing. Here, the five keys to be selected may be five adjacent keys, or five keys selected at an arbitrary number interval (for example, five keys selected every other key). It may be.
[0105]
The CPU 101 associates the five keys thus selected with each finger of one hand (for example, the right hand) on a one-to-one basis. In this case, the five keys associated with the fingers of the right hand correspond to the five keys of the performance unit 12 in the present embodiment. The CPU 101 associates the five keys thus selected with the identification numbers of the fingers and writes them in the RAM 103.
[0106]
Thereafter, using these five keys, the same operation as in the above-described embodiment is performed. However, in this modification, when determining whether any of the keys is pressed, the CPU 101 refers to the information for identifying the five keys written in the RAM 103 and determines whether the pressed key is It is determined whether the key is one of five keys selected in advance. As a result of this determination, if it is determined that the key is one of the five keys, the CPU 101 performs the same processing as in the above-described embodiment, while the pressed key is selected in advance. If it is determined that it is not one of the five keys, it is not necessary to perform a chord designation process, a sound generation process, etc., and the process is immediately terminated.
[0107]
Thus, according to this modification, the performer performs the same performance as a normal keyboard instrument using 88 keys in accordance with the music to be performed (for example, music with a lot of chords). It is possible to select a normal mode to be performed and a special mode in which only 5 keys out of all keys are associated with each finger on a one-to-one basis to specify chords and perform.
[0108]
Here, when a mute piano having a hammer action mechanism (a mechanism for striking a string with a hammer and generating a sound by this) and a mute automatic piano are used as the keyboard instrument, it is known when the special mode is set. The silencer mechanism may be configured such that the hammer is not hit by a hammer, thereby preventing the player from hitting the hammer by pressing the key. Further, this modification may be applied to the above-described embodiment, and the keyboard instrument according to this embodiment may be assigned to the left hand and the keyboard instrument according to this modification may be assigned to the right hand to perform the performance. Alternatively, the above-described modification 6 may be applied to this modification, and for example, ten keys may be used to specify and play a chord.
[0109]
<Modification 8>
Further, in each of the above-described embodiments and modifications, the case where the present invention is applied to a keyboard musical instrument has been described. However, for example, an electronic musical instrument such as an electronic trumpet, an electronic saxophone, and an electronic clarinet is provided with a plurality of performance operators. Applicable to any electronic musical instrument. For example, an electronic trumpet having three performance operations will be described as an example. The performer specifies and plays chords by pressing the three performance operators in various combinations. Thus, the performer can play various chords using one electronic trumpet.
[0110]
<Modification 9>
Further, various functions related to the keyboard musical instrument described in each of the above-described embodiments and modifications can be realized by software. Specifically, the software is installed in the RAM 103 of the keyboard instrument from a recording medium (memory card or the like) on which the software is recorded, or a server or the like equipped with the software via a transmission medium (mobile communication network or the like). Thus, the various functions described above can be realized by software.
[0111]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the electronic musical instrument of the present invention, it is possible to play various chords with a small number of performance operators.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an external appearance of a general keyboard instrument.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an external appearance of a keyboard instrument according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of a keyboard musical instrument control system according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a key event table according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a pronunciation management table according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a chord composition assignment table according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining a chord composition assignment table according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining a chord composition assignment table according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a chord composition assignment table according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a root sound assignment table according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining a turn designation / on-base designation table according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing a main routine according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing chord designation detection processing according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing a turn designation process according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining an upward turn designation process according to the embodiment;
FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing a process a according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing a process b according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 18 is a flowchart showing a process c according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining an on-base designation process according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 20 is a flowchart showing an on-base designation process according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 21 is a flowchart showing sound generation processing according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 22 is a flowchart showing a sound stopping process according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 23 is a flowchart showing a turn designation process according to Modification 1;
FIG. 24 is a diagram illustrating the meaning of a key to be pressed when designating each chord type according to Modification 4;
FIG. 25 is a perspective view showing an appearance of a keyboard instrument according to Modification 6.
[Explanation of symbols]
200, 300... Keyboard instrument, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10... Key, 101... CPU, 102. ..RAM, 104... ROM, KT .. key event table, PT. On-base designation table, 105 ... sound source, 110 ... speaker.

Claims (10)

Multiple performance controls,
A root sound specifying means for specifying the root sound of the chord;
A chord type specifying means for specifying a chord type;
Each of the constituent sounds of the chord determined from the root sound specified by the root sound specifying means and the chord type specified by the chord type specifying means is assigned to any of the performance operators. First storage means for storing allocation information indicating whether to allocate;
Assigning means for assigning each constituent sound of the chord determined from the root sound specified by the root sound specifying means and the chord type specified by the chord type specifying means to the performance operator according to the assignment information;
A turn specifying means for specifying a turn of a chord;
Second storage means for storing basic logic of chord rotation;
A turn executing means for assigning a new component sound to a performance operator assigned with a constituent sound by the assigning means according to a basic logic of the chord turn when the turn specifying means specifies the turn of the chord; ,
In response to the operation of the performance operator assigned with the constituent sound by the assigning means, the constituent sound assigned to the performance operator is output, and when a new constituent sound is assigned by the turning execution means , the according to the operation of a new component note of assigned performance operator, an electronic musical instrument characterized by comprising an output means for outputting the new configuration tones assigned to the performance operator. Multiple performance controls,
A root sound specifying means for specifying the root sound of the chord;
A chord type specifying means for specifying a chord type;
Each of the constituent sounds of the chord determined from the root sound specified by the root sound specifying means and the chord type specified by the chord type specifying means is assigned to any of the performance operators. First storage means for storing allocation information indicating whether to allocate;
Assigning means for assigning each constituent sound of the chord determined from the root sound specified by the root sound specifying means and the chord type specified by the chord type specifying means to the performance operator according to the assignment information;
Bass sound setting specifying means for specifying the bass sound setting;
Second storage means for storing basic logic relating to the setting of the bass sound;
When the setting of the bass sound is specified by the bass sound setting specifying means, a new sound including the bass sound is added to the performance operator to which the constituent sounds are assigned by the assigning means according to the basic logic relating to the setting of the bass sound. Bass sound setting execution means for assigning various constituent sounds; and in response to operation of the performance operator assigned to the constituent sounds by the assigning means, the constituent sounds assigned to the performance operators are output, and the bass sound setting executing means depending in the when assigned new was Do arrangement sound, the allotted new structure tone according to the performance operator of the operation, and outputs the component notes Do was new assigned to the performance operator An electronic musical instrument comprising an output means. Multiple performance controls,
Detecting means for detecting operation states of the plurality of performance operators;
Chord designation storage means for storing chord designation information indicating operation states of the plurality of performance operators for designating each chord;
Determining means for determining whether or not the operation is for designating a chord from the operation states of the plurality of performance operators detected by the detecting means and the operation state indicated by the chord designation information ;
When it is determined by the determination means that the operation is for designating the chord, the operation states of the performance operators detected by the detection means and the plurality of performance operations for designating the chords A chord designation means for designating a chord from the operation state of the child;
Assignment storage means for storing assignment information indicating to which of the plurality of performance operators each of the constituent sounds of the chord that can be designated by the chord designation means;
Assigning means for assigning each constituent sound of the chord designated by the chord designating means to the performance operator according to the assignment information;
An output means for outputting a sound corresponding to the operation of the plurality of performance operators, and when the determining means determines that the chord is not an operation, the assigning means according to the operation An output unit that outputs a component sound assigned to the performance operator and does not output a sound corresponding to the operation when the determination unit determines that the chord is specified by the determination unit ; An electronic musical instrument characterized by that. A turn specifying means for specifying a turn of a chord;
A turn logic storage means for storing the basic logic of a chord turn;
A turn executing means for assigning a new component sound to a performance operator assigned with a constituent sound by the assigning means according to a basic logic of the chord turn when the turn specifying means specifies the turn of the chord;
Further comprising
In the case where the output means determines that the operation is not an operation for designating the chord by the determination means, and a new component sound is assigned by the turn execution means, the turn execution means performs the performance. Outputs a new component assigned to the control
The electronic musical instrument according to claim 3. Bass sound setting specifying means for specifying the bass sound setting;
Bass sound logic storage means for storing basic logic related to bass sound setting;
When the setting of the bass sound is designated by the bass sound setting designation means, the bass sound is newly included in the performance operator assigned with the constituent sound by the assignment means according to the basic logic relating to the setting of the bass sound. Bass sound setting execution means for assigning various constituent sounds;
Further comprising
In the case where the output means determines that the operation is not an operation for designating the chord by the determination means, and a new component sound is assigned by the bass sound setting execution means, the bass sound setting A new component sound assigned to the performance operator by the execution means is output.
The electronic musical instrument according to claim 3. Multiple keys,
Detecting means for detecting operation states of the plurality of keys;
Chord designation storage means for storing chord designation information indicating operation states of the plurality of keys for designating each chord;
Determining means for determining whether or not the operation is for designating a chord from the operation states of the plurality of keys detected by the detecting means and the operation state indicated by the chord designation information;
The operation state of the plurality of keys detected by the detection unit and the operation state of the plurality of keys for specifying the chords when the determination unit determines that the operation is for specifying the chord. Chord designation means for designating a chord from
Assignment storage means for storing assignment information indicating to which key of the plurality of keys the constituent sounds of the chord that can be designated by the chord designation means;
Assigning means for assigning each constituent sound of the chord designated by the chord designating means to the key according to the assignment information;
An output means for outputting sounds according to the operation of the plurality of keys, and when the determination means determines that the chord is not an operation, the assignment means assigns the key to the key according to the operation; An output unit that outputs an assigned component sound and does not output a sound according to the operation when the determination unit determines that the chord is specified by the determination unit. Keyboard instrument to play. A control method for an electronic musical instrument comprising a plurality of performance operators and a detecting means for detecting an operation state of the plurality of performance operators ,
A chord is designated from the operation state of the plurality of performance operators detected by the detection means and the operation state of the plurality of performance operators for designating each chord indicated by the chord designation information stored in advance. A determination process for determining whether or not the operation is for
When it is determined in the determination process that the operation is for specifying the chord, the operation state of the plurality of performance operators detected by the detecting means and the plurality of performance operations for specifying each chord A chord specification process for specifying a chord from the operation state of the child ;
Each of the constituent sounds of the chord designated in the chord designation process is preliminarily shown to which of the plurality of performance operators the chord constituent sounds that can be designated in the chord designation process are assigned. According to the stored assignment information, assigning process to the performance operator;
In the output process of outputting a sound corresponding to the operation of the plurality of performance operators, when it is determined that the operation is not an operation for designating the chord in the determination process, in the assignment process according to the operation An output process that outputs a component sound assigned to the performance operator and does not output a sound in response to the operation when it is determined in the determination process that the chord is designated. A method for controlling an electronic musical instrument. To a computer with multiple performance controls,
Root sound specification function to specify the root sound of the chord,
A chord type specification function for specifying a chord type,
Each of the plurality of performance operations is assigned information stored in advance, and each of the constituent sounds of the chord determined from the root tone designated by the root tone designation function and the chord type designated by the chord type designation function Each component of the chord determined from the root tone designated by the root tone designation function and the chord type designated by the chord type designation function according to the assignment information indicating which performance operator to assign to the child An assigning function for assigning sounds to the performance controls;
A turn specification function for specifying the turn of a chord,
If the chord turn is designated by the turn designation function, the turn for assigning a new component sound to the performance operator assigned to the component sound by the assignment function according to the basic logic of the chord turn stored in advance. Execution function,
A control function for controlling the output of sound according to the operation of the plurality of performance operators, wherein the assigned function is assigned to the performance operator according to the operation of the performance operator to which the constituent sounds are assigned in the assignment function. When a component sound is output and a new component sound is assigned in the turning execution function, a new component assigned to the performance operator is assigned in accordance with the operation of the performance operator to which the new component sound is assigned. Control function to control the output of sound to output various component sounds
A program to realize To a computer with multiple performance controls,
Root sound specification function to specify the root sound of the chord,
A chord type specification function for specifying a chord type,
Each of the plurality of performance operations is assigned information stored in advance, and each of the constituent sounds of the chord determined from the root tone designated by the root tone designation function and the chord type designated by the chord type designation function Each component of the chord determined from the root tone designated by the root tone designation function and the chord type designated by the chord type designation function according to the assignment information indicating which performance operator to assign to the child An assigning function for assigning sounds to the performance controls;
Bass sound setting specification function to specify the bass sound setting,
When the bass sound setting is designated in the bass sound setting designation function, the bass sound is assigned to the performance operator assigned with the constituent sound in the assignment function according to the basic logic relating to the bass sound setting stored in advance. Bass sound setting execution function to assign a new component sound including
A control function for controlling the output of sound according to the operation of the plurality of performance operators, wherein the assigned function is assigned to the performance operator according to the operation of the performance operator to which the constituent sounds are assigned in the assignment function. When a constituent sound is output and a new constituent sound is assigned by the bass sound setting execution function, it is assigned to the performance operator in accordance with the operation of the performance operator to which the new constituent sound is assigned. Control function to control the output of sound so as to output a new component sound
A program to realize A computer comprising a plurality of performance operators and detection means for detecting an operation state of the plurality of performance operators ,
A chord is designated from the operation state of the plurality of performance operators detected by the detection means and the operation state of the plurality of performance operators for designating each chord indicated by the chord designation information stored in advance. A determination function for determining whether or not the operation is for
When it is determined by the determination function that the operation is for specifying the chord, the operation state of the plurality of performance operators detected by the detecting means and the plurality of performance operations for specifying each chord A chord designation function that designates a chord from the operation state of the child ,
Each of the constituent sounds of the chord designated by the chord designation function is preliminarily shown to which of the plurality of performance operators the constituent sounds of the chord that can be designated by the chord designation function are assigned. According to the stored assignment information, an assignment function assigned to the performance operator;
A control function for controlling the output of sound according to the operation of the plurality of performance operators, and if the determination function determines that the chord is not an operation, the assignment is made according to the operation ; When the function is output by the function and the constituent sound assigned to the performance operator is determined, and the determination function determines that the chord is specified, the sound is not output according to the operation . A program to realize a control function that controls output.

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