JP4628880B2 - Sand separation and cleaning equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a sand separation and cleaning device, and more particularly, to a sand separation and cleaning device capable of removing odors of dirty sand pumped from a sand basin and the like and highly removing impurities contained in the sand. Is.

  Conventionally, sand that has been pumped from a sand basin such as a sewage treatment plant or water purification plant using a pump is solid-liquid separated by a solid-liquid separation device using specific gravity difference separation, centrifugal separation, etc., and only the sand content is recovered. I am doing so.

By the way, in recent years, regulations regarding wastes have become stricter, and sedimentation sand containing foreign matters is handled as industrial waste, and its disposal cost has become enormous.
On the other hand, in order to dispose (or reuse) the sand sediment as general waste, it is necessary to reliably separate and remove impurities contained in the sand sediment in addition to the heat loss being 10% or less.

  However, there is a trade-off between the collection rate of sedimentation and the removal rate of contaminants. If an attempt is made to improve the removal rate of contaminants using a solid-liquid separator, the recovery rate of sedimentation will be significantly deteriorated and stored in the sedimentation basin. There was a problem that the operating time of the equipment for recovering the collected sand became longer and the running cost increased.

  The present invention, in view of the above-described problems related to the treatment of sand settling, removes the odor of the sand that has been pumped up from a sand basin and the like, and at the same time, removes impurities contained in the sand at a high level. An object is to provide a separation and cleaning apparatus.

In order to achieve the above object, a sand separation and cleaning apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a solid-liquid separation tank into which dirty sand mixed water is introduced, a settling tank installed under the solid-liquid separation tank, and an air supply device. In the sand separation and cleaning apparatus, the solid-liquid separation tank generates a swirling flow that descends along the peripheral wall by flowing the sand mixed water in a tangential direction, and the cylindrical wall A bottom wall comprising an inverted frustoconical sieve disposed on the bottom, and a drainage duct for discharging water near the center of the bottom wall to the outside , and the air supply device has an opening in the bottom wall It is characterized in that it is used only for supplying bubbles to the part from below and generating turbulence near the center of the bottom wall .

In order to achieve the same object, the sand separation and cleaning device of the second invention includes a solid-liquid separation tank into which the sewage mixed water is introduced, a settling tank installed under the solid-liquid separation tank, an air In the sand separating and cleaning device including a supply device, the solid-liquid separation tank generates a swirling flow that descends along the peripheral wall by flowing the sewage mixed water in a tangential direction, and the cylinder A bottom wall made of an inverted frustoconical sieve disposed at the bottom of the wall, and a drainage duct for discharging water near the center of the bottom wall to the outside, and the air supply device comprises a bottom wall When air bubbles are supplied to the opening of the bottom from the bottom, turbulence is generated near the center of the bottom wall, and backwash water is supplied from the backwash pipe installed under the bottom wall, the bottom of the bottom wall is It is used only for supplying air bubbles from the air and air blowing dust attached to the sieve .

  In this case, the bottom wall can be elastically supported so as to move up and down.

  Moreover, the water supply apparatus which supplies water to the said sedimentation tank can be provided.

According to the sand separation and washing apparatus of the first and second inventions, the sand and dust are dispersed and separated by specific gravity difference by centrifugal force due to the swirling flow, and the sand and gravel are separated by the particle size by the sieve of the bottom wall. In this way, garbage and gravel with a large specific gravity difference are collected near the center of the bottom wall, and gravel with a large specific gravity falls into the sedimentation tank from the center of the bottom wall and is collected together with sand, while efficiently selecting garbage with a small specific gravity. It can be discharged together with water by a drainage duct.
That is, conventionally, since the specific gravity difference separation is performed in a state where sand, waste, and gravel are mixed, the suction flow velocity of the drainage duct cannot be increased in order to suppress the outflow of sand. Then, since gravel and waste having different specific gravities are separated by specific gravity difference, the suction flow velocity can be increased as compared with the conventional case, and the removal efficiency of dust can be improved.
Moreover, by sucking the water in the sedimentation tank with a strong suction flow of the drainage duct, the flow rate of the sieve wall passing through the bottom wall can be increased, thereby enhancing the sieving effect.

And by supplying air bubbles from below to the opening of the bottom wall and providing an air supply device that generates turbulent flow near the center of the bottom wall, thin-plate-like garbage collected in a vertical orientation by swirling flow, It is possible to make the posture easy to be sucked into the drainage duct by the turbulent flow, and thus, thin plate-like dust that tends to settle can be sucked into the drainage duct and discharged.

  In addition, the air supply device supplies air bubbles from below to the back surface of the bottom wall, so that dust attached to the bottom wall screen can be floated by the air blow effect during backwashing.

In this case, by supporting the bottom wall so that it can move up and down, the sieve on the bottom wall vibrates due to gravel and dust collision, water pressure constantly changing due to dust accumulation and swirling flow, etc. Gravitational force that swings and grabs on the sieving surface always has an inertial force in the vertical direction, so that gravel can be prevented from being caught in the sieving.
In addition, after the operation is complete, if water is introduced from the inflow pipe while drawing water with the drain, the falling energy of the inflowing water can be converted into the bending energy of the spring, and when the inflow is stopped, the sieve starts damped vibration. Therefore, the mesh cleaning effect by backwashing can be obtained by the inertial force due to the damped vibration.

  In addition, by providing a water supply device for supplying water to the settling tank, water is supplied when the amount of sand input is small, and an upward flow is generated with respect to the sieve surface of the solid-liquid separation tank, and sticking of the residue due to the swirling flow is reduced. can do.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of a sand separation and cleaning apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

In FIGS. 1-2, showing a first reference example of the sand separator cleaning device.
This sand separation and cleaning device includes a solid-liquid separation tank 1 into which dirty sand mixed water is introduced, and a sedimentation tank 2 installed under the solid-liquid separation tank 1.
And this sand separation washing | cleaning apparatus is a cylindrical cylindrical wall 3 which the solid-liquid separation tank 1 produces | generates the swirl | vortex flow which descends along a surrounding wall by injecting waste-sand mixed water in a tangential direction, and this cylindrical wall 3 A bottom wall 4 made of an inverted frustoconical sieve disposed at the bottom of the bottom wall 4 and a drain duct 5 for discharging water near the center of the bottom wall 4 to the outside.

A separation hopper 6 for allowing the inverted swirling flow to flow over is provided at the upper part of the cylindrical wall 3, and an inflow pipe 7 for the mixed waste sand so that the swirling flow passes between the separating hopper 6 and the cylindrical wall 3. Are connected tangentially.
The inflow pipe 7 is pumped with sand mixed water from a sand pump (not shown) such as a jet pump, and an annular overflow trough that receives the overflow water of the separation hopper 6 around the separation hopper 6. 61 is installed.

The bottom wall 4 is formed in a mortar shape having a sieve mesh formed by a punching screen or the like, and an opening 41 is formed at the center.
As shown in FIG. 1B, the bottom wall 4 can be elastically supported by a coil spring 8 or the like so as to be movable up and down. The sieve of the bottom wall 4 vibrates (oscillates) due to the water pressure that constantly fluctuates due to the accumulation of dust and the swirling flow, and the vertical gravitational force always acts on the gravel captured on the sieve surface. It is possible to prevent gravel from getting caught in the eyes.

  The drainage duct 5 is composed of a pipe having an opening 41 above the center of the bottom wall, and the drainage is overflowed by the head difference h of the water surface caused by the height of the side wall above the drainage duct 5, thereby sinking from the sieve mesh. The suction flow is generated so as not to suck the sand to be sucked, so that only gravel and dust gathering near the center of the bottom wall 4 can be sucked together with water and discharged to the outside.

The sedimentation tank 2 is continuously disposed under the solid-liquid separation tank 1 with the bottom wall 4 as a boundary, and here , is formed of a rectangular shape in which a screw conveyor 9 is integrally disposed at a lower portion.
The settling tank 2 is provided with a water supply device for supplying water to the settling tank 2, and is here shared with the backwash nozzle 10 that jets water toward the lower surface of the bottom wall 4.

On the other hand, in the sand separating and cleaning apparatus, as shown in FIG. 3 (first embodiment) , air is supplied from below to the opening 41 of the bottom wall 4 to generate turbulence near the center of the bottom wall 4. A supply device 14 can be provided.
The air supply device 14 generates a large number of fine bubbles from the air diffuser nozzle 17 installed below the opening 41 of the bottom wall 4 from the blower 15 through the pipe 16.
Further, as shown in FIG. 4 (second embodiment) , the air supply device 14 can also supply fine bubbles to the back surface of the bottom wall 4 from below.
For example, when backwash water is supplied from a backwash pipe 18 installed under the bottom wall 4, in order to enhance the backwash effect, air from the blower 15 is blown from the diffuser nozzle 17 side to the backwash nozzle on the back of the bottom wall. The valve is switched to the 19th side, and the dust adhering to the sieve of the bottom wall 4 can be floated by the air blow effect.

In the sand separation and cleaning device, as shown in FIG. 5, the dust is collected in the vicinity of the center of the bottom wall 4 on the swirl flow formed on the surface of the bottom wall 4 and is extracted by the upward flow of the drainage duct 5. It is like that.
By the way, for example, the thin-plate-shaped garbage 20 such as a pull tab of can juice or a thin rubber is easy to ride on the swirling flow because the area receiving the water flow is large.
However, since the thin-plate-like garbage 20 is collected in a vertical posture by the action of the swirling flow, the area that receives the water flow becomes small with respect to the upward flow, and it becomes difficult to ride the flow. It settles from the opening part 41.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, by supplying bubbles to the opening 41 of the bottom wall 4 from below and generating turbulent flow near the center of the bottom wall 4, a thin plate-like shape gathered in a vertically oriented posture. The garbage 20 is placed in a posture other than the vertical direction in which it is easily sucked into the drainage duct 5 by turbulent flow, so that the thin plate-like dust 20 that tends to sink is sucked in the upward flow of the drainage duct 5.

Next, the operation of this sand separation and cleaning apparatus will be described.
A swirl flow is generated by flowing the sewage mixed water supplied from a sand pump such as a jet pump from the tangential direction of the cylindrical solid-liquid separation tank 1.
Sand, gravel, and dust are dispersed by centrifugal force generated by the swirling flow generated here and separated by specific gravity, and sand and dust are separated by a conical sieve on the bottom wall 4.
The sand that has passed through the conical sieve due to the water sieve effect settles in the rectangular sedimentation tank 2 and is carried out by the screw conveyor 9.

On the other hand, the separated dust and gravel naturally gather near the center of the bottom wall 4 due to the synergistic effect of the conical shape of the sieve and the swirl effect caused by the swirling flow.
Then, the dust is caused to overflow with the drainage by the suction flow generated at the center of the bottom wall 4, and the gravel is dropped from the opening 41 of the bottom wall 4 to the settling tank 2 and carried out together with the sand.
Since the conventional sand washer separates the specific gravity in a state where sand, dust and gravel are mixed, the suction flow velocity of the drainage duct 5 could not be increased in order to suppress the outflow of sand. In this case, since the gravel and garbage are greatly different in weight, it is possible to increase the suction flow velocity as compared with the conventional case, and it is possible to increase the efficiency of removing the dust.
In addition, by causing a flow in the rectangular sedimentation tank 2 by the suction flow of the drainage duct 5, the passing flow rate of the sieve can be increased, and the sieving effect can be enhanced.

In addition, after the operation is completed or during sand collection, the screen surface is back-washed to remove residue and gravel attached to the screen surface (the jet pump type uses a single drive water pump for sanding and sand collection) In this case, the sand settling into the washing tank is intermittent).
Similarly, water can be supplied to the settling tank 2 for the purpose of suppressing the entanglement of the screen residue on the screen surface, thereby generating an upward flow with respect to the screen surface and reducing sticking of the screen residue due to the swirling flow. be able to.
However, since the descending flow rate due to the swirl flow is reduced and the sieving ability is reduced, the amount of sand input is limited.

Thus, sand separator cleaning apparatus This, the solid-liquid separation tank 1, dirty sand mixed water is introduced, the sand separator cleaning apparatus and a settling tank 2 to be placed under the solid-liquid separation tank 1, The solid-liquid separation tank 1 has a cylindrical cylindrical wall 3 that generates a swirling flow that descends along the peripheral wall by flowing sewage mixed water in a tangential direction, and an inverted structure disposed at the bottom of the cylindrical wall 3. Since it has a bottom wall 4 made of a frustoconical sieve and a drainage duct 5 for discharging the water near the center of the bottom wall 4 to the outside, it disperses dirt sand and dust by centrifugal force due to swirling flow. In addition to separating the specific gravity difference, the sand and gravel are separated by the particle size by the sieve of the bottom wall 4, thereby collecting dust and gravel with a large specific gravity difference near the center of the bottom wall 4. 4 While dropping from the center into the sedimentation tank 2 and collecting it with sand, the waste with low specific gravity is efficiently and selectively selected. The water duct 5 can be discharged together with water.
That is, in the conventional, sand and dust, because it has a specific gravity difference separation in a state in which gravel is mixed, in order to suppress the outflow of sand, but was not able to increase the suction flow rate of the drainage duct 5, wherein Then, since gravel and waste having different specific gravities are separated by specific gravity difference, the suction flow velocity can be increased as compared with the conventional case, and the removal efficiency of dust can be improved.
Moreover, by sucking the water in the sedimentation tank 2 with a strong suction flow of the drainage duct 5, the flow rate of the sieve wall passing through the bottom wall 4 can be increased, thereby enhancing the sieving effect.

In this case, by supporting the bottom wall 4 so as to be movable up and down, the sieve of the bottom wall 4 is caused by water pressure that constantly fluctuates due to gravel and dust collision, dust accumulation and swirling flow, etc. when the sewage mixed water is introduced. Vibrates (oscillates), and the gravitational force captured by the sieve surface always has an inertial force in the vertical direction, so that gravel can be prevented from being caught in the sieve mesh.
In addition, after the operation is completed, when water is introduced from the inflow pipe 7 while draining water with the drain, the falling energy of the inflowing water can be converted into the bending energy of the spring, and when the inflow is stopped, the sieve starts damped vibration. Therefore, the mesh cleaning effect by backwashing can be obtained by the inertial force due to the damped vibration.

  In addition, by providing a water supply device for supplying water to the settling tank 2, water is supplied when the amount of input sand is small, an upward flow is generated with respect to the sieve surface of the solid-liquid separation tank 1, and the residue is stuck by swirling flow. Can be reduced.

On the other hand, by providing an air supply device 14 that supplies air bubbles from below to the opening 41 of the bottom wall 4 and generates turbulent flow near the center of the bottom wall 4, a thin plate shape that is collected in a vertical orientation by a swirling flow The waste 20 can be in a posture that is easily sucked into the drainage duct 5 by turbulent flow, whereby the thin plate-like dust 20 that tends to settle can be sucked in and discharged from the drainage duct 5.
Further, the air supply device 14 supplies air bubbles to the back surface of the bottom wall 4 from below, so that dust adhering to the screen of the bottom wall 4 can be lifted by the air blow effect during backwashing.

Figure 6 shows a second reference example of sand separator cleaning device.
This sand separation and cleaning device includes a solid-liquid separation tank 1 into which dirty sand mixed water is introduced, and a sedimentation tank 2 installed under the solid-liquid separation tank 1.
And this sand separation washing | cleaning apparatus has the cylindrical cylinder wall 3 which the said solid-liquid separation tank 1 produces | generates the swirl | vortex flow which descends along a surrounding wall by making waste-sand mixed water flow in in a tangential direction, and this cylinder wall 3, a bottom wall 4 made of an inverted frustoconical sieve, a circulation duct 11 connecting the opening 41 of the bottom wall 4 and the upper part of the solid-liquid separation tank 1, and the circulation duct 11 and an ejector 12 connected to a part of 11.
In FIG. 6, the same members as those in the first reference example are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

Since the sand separating and washing apparatus has an opening communicating with the settling tank 2 near the center of the bottom wall 4, the pieces of rubble, glass, etc. having the same specific gravity and weight as gravel are put into the settling tank 2 together with the gravel. There is a possibility of settling.
In this reference example, the opening 41 at the center of the bottom wall is connected to the circulation duct 11 without communicating with the settling tank 2 as a means for removing dust more highly.
At this time, since dust and gravel accumulate on the sieve and the circulation duct 11, the inside of the solid-liquid separation tank 1 is recirculated by the ejector 12 every predetermined time, and the sieving operation is repeated. The gravel is pulled out of the tank from the branch pipe 13.
In addition, since it is necessary to isolate | separate gravel and garbage on disposal, a gravel garbage separator is required for a post process, but the upward flow type classifier etc. of a conventional product can be used for a gravel garbage separator.
Gravel is collected in a container, etc., and waste is washed away with waste water and returned to the sand basin.

Thus, sand separator cleaning apparatus This, the solid-liquid separation tank 1, dirty sand mixed water is introduced, the sand separator cleaning apparatus and a settling tank 2 to be placed under the solid-liquid separation tank 1, The solid-liquid separation tank 1 has a cylindrical cylindrical wall 3 that generates a swirling flow that descends along the peripheral wall by flowing sewage mixed water in a tangential direction, and an inverted structure disposed at the bottom of the cylindrical wall 3. A bottom wall 4 made of a truncated conical sieve, a circulation duct 11 connecting the opening 41 of the bottom wall 4 and the upper part of the solid-liquid separation tank 1, and an ejector connected to a part of the circulation duct 11 12, the sand and dust are dispersed and separated by specific gravity difference by centrifugal force due to the swirling flow, and the particle size of the sand and gravel is separated by the sieve of the bottom wall 4, and the vicinity of the center of the bottom wall 4 Collects garbage and gravel with a large specific gravity and collects them at regular intervals by the ejector 12 and the circulation duct 11. Recycle the waste and gravel through the solid-liquid separation tank 1 and draw out the remaining garbage and gravel after the operation is completed to distinguish them from the scrap pieces and glass pieces that may settle with the gravel. Only sand can be recovered.

  As mentioned above, although the sand separation washing | cleaning apparatus of this invention was demonstrated based on several Example, this invention is not limited to the structure described in the said Example, The structure is suitably in the range which does not deviate from the meaning. Can be changed.

  The sand separation and cleaning device of the present invention removes the odor of the sand that has been pumped from a sand basin and the like, and highly removes impurities contained in the sand. Therefore, the present invention can be suitably applied to the case where it is excluded from the object of industrial waste.

The 1st reference example of a sand separation washing | cleaning apparatus is shown, (a) is the sectional drawing, (b) is sectional drawing which supported the bottom wall elastically. It is a general view which shows the sand separation washing | cleaning apparatus. It is sectional drawing which shows 1st Example which provided the air supply apparatus in the sand separation washing | cleaning apparatus. It is sectional drawing which shows 2nd Example which provided the backwashing nozzle in the air supply apparatus. It is explanatory drawing which shows the motion of the thin-plate-like refuse by a swirl flow and an upward flow. It is sectional drawing which shows the 2nd reference example of a sand separation washing | cleaning apparatus.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Solid-liquid separation tank 2 Sedimentation tank 3 Cylinder wall 4 Bottom wall 41 Opening part 5 Drain duct 6 Separation hopper 61 Overflow trough 7 Inflow pipe 8 Coil spring 9 Screw conveyor 10 Backwash nozzle (water supply device)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Circulation duct 12 Ejector 13 Branch pipe 14 Air supply device 15 Blower 16 Piping 17 Air diffuser nozzle 18 Backwash pipe 19 Backwash nozzle 20 Thin plate-shaped waste

Claims (4)

In a sand separation and washing apparatus comprising a solid-liquid separation tank into which sewage mixed water is introduced, a sedimentation tank installed under the solid-liquid separation tank, and an air supply device, the solid-liquid separation tank is tangential A cylindrical tube wall that generates a swirling flow that descends along the peripheral wall by flowing in the sewage mixed water in a direction, and a bottom wall composed of an inverted frustoconical sieve disposed at the bottom of the tube wall; A drainage duct that discharges water near the center of the bottom wall to the outside , and the air supply device supplies bubbles to the opening of the bottom wall from below, and generates turbulence near the center of the bottom wall. A sand separating and cleaning device, characterized by being used only for generating . In a sand separation and washing apparatus comprising a solid-liquid separation tank into which sewage mixed water is introduced, a sedimentation tank installed under the solid-liquid separation tank, and an air supply device, the solid-liquid separation tank is tangential A cylindrical tube wall that generates a swirling flow that descends along the peripheral wall by flowing in the sewage mixed water in a direction, and a bottom wall composed of an inverted frustoconical sieve disposed at the bottom of the tube wall; A drainage duct that discharges water near the center of the bottom wall to the outside , and the air supply device supplies bubbles to the opening of the bottom wall from below, and generates turbulence near the center of the bottom wall. It is used only for generating air bubbles from the bottom by supplying air bubbles from the bottom to the back of the bottom wall when supplying backwash water from the backwash pipe installed under the bottom wall. sand separator cleaning apparatus characterized by that. The sand separating and cleaning apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the bottom wall is elastically supported so as to be movable up and down. The sand separating and cleaning device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, further comprising a water supply device for supplying water to the settling tank.

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