JP4624906B2 - Emergency purification device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an emergency purification apparatus used for securing potable water and domestic water in an emergency.

  Suitable for drinking water, such as water tanks, ponds, and wells with water quality problems, as drinking water and living water for disaster victims and evacuees during disasters such as earthquakes, floods, and typhoons There is an emergency purification device that purifies water.

  Since such an emergency purification apparatus is used in an emergency situation such as a disaster, particularly easy handling is required.

  Therefore, conventionally, emergency purification equipment uses a positive displacement pump that does not require self-priming as a water intake pump, many rubber vane pumps that use rubber vanes, and water purification equipment that purifies the water quality on the discharge side of the pump. By using a structure in which water is connected, the work required for self-priming is omitted as much as possible so that water can be taken in quickly. That is, the positive displacement pump has a structure in which a part of an impeller such as a rubber vane is brought into contact with a mating member for sealing, and the impeller is rotated in this state to change the volume. From this structure, as long as the positive displacement pump starts to operate, the rubber vane rotates dry while continuing to make sliding contact with the mating member, and the self-priming operation of discharging the air in the suction pipe extending from the pump suction portion is performed initially. As the inside of the pump is filled with water, it replaces the pumping operation to pump water.

  By the way, the self-priming performed by a positive displacement pump such as a rubber vane pump is a dry operation in which the rubber vane keeps sliding in contact with the mating member, so that parts such as the rubber vane have a considerable burden. Therefore, the self-priming lift of a positive displacement pump such as a rubber vane pump is considerably lower than that of a centrifugal pump such as a self-priming centrifugal pump or cascade pump from the viewpoint of durability such as melting of rubber by frictional heat. For example, the self-priming lift of a self-priming well pump (swirl pump or cascade pump) is about 8 m, but it is about 4 m for a rubber vane pump.

  The water intake distance of the emergency purifier is limited by this self-priming lift. For this reason, in the case of an emergency purification apparatus employing a volumetric pump such as a rubber vane pump, there is a possibility that satisfactory water intake cannot be performed depending on the water intake location.

  Therefore, instead of the rubber vane pump, it is conceivable to use a self-priming spiral pump or a cascade pump (self-priming well pump) having excellent self-priming performance (self-lifting range: high).

  Unlike self-priming pumps such as self-priming centrifugal pumps and cascade pumps, unlike positive displacement pumps, the pump must be filled with priming water prior to pump operation. The operation of exhausting air from the suction pipe extending from the suction portion of the pump cannot be performed.

  However, most of the disaster occurrence places where emergency purification devices are used are places where it is difficult to obtain drinking water or miscellaneous water because the water supply has not been restored, and even priming water is difficult to procure. For this reason, the emergency purification apparatus using the priming water and the necessary self-priming pump is currently not available as a product.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an emergency purification apparatus that can quickly supply water with improved water quality using priming water and a necessary self-priming pump.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is a self-priming pump for raw water intake that requires priming water, and a water purification device that purifies the quality of water discharged from the self-priming pump. At the start of operation when the water purification unit has a water discharge unit for discharging water whose water quality has been improved and a manual pump, and the priming water of the self-priming pump cannot be secured, raw water is taken by manual operation of the manual pump. And a priming water supply means for supplying priming water into the self-priming pump as priming water, wherein the priming water supply means has a suction part of the manual pump from a discharge part of the self-priming pump to the water discharge part. A configuration is adopted in which the discharge part of the manual pump is opened to the outside of the path .

  In addition to the above-mentioned object, the invention according to claim 2 has a check structure for preventing backflow on the suction side so that priming water is supplied into the pump with a simple structure using existing parts. Using a structure with a valve, the priming water supply means uses a structure in which the suction part of the manual pump is connected to the primary side of the check valve and the discharge part of the manual pump is connected to the discharge side of the self-priming pump Then, by manually operating the manual pump, the raw water was injected into the pump from the discharge side of the self-priming pump so that the inside of the pump was filled with the raw water.

Similarly, the invention according to claim 3 is configured such that the water purification device includes a water purifier, a sterilizer, and a microfiltration device that are connected in series between the discharge portion and the water discharge portion of the self-priming pump. In the priming water supply means, the suction part of the manual pump is connected to the secondary side of the water purifier, and the discharge part of the manual pump is made into the outflow part branched from the secondary side of the water purifier, By manually operating the pump, the treated water after passing through the water purifier can be used as miscellaneous water.

The invention described in claim 4 uses a self-priming spiral pump or a cascade pump as the self-priming pump so as to be most suitable for the supply of drinking water and domestic water in addition to the above-mentioned purpose.

Adopting a self- priming pump eliminates the limitation of water intake distance. Moreover, even when the priming water cannot be secured separately at the start of the operation of the self-priming pump, the priming water of the self-priming pump can be easily procured and replenished locally by simply operating the manual pump. Quick response with priming water and required self-priming pump.

  Therefore, the emergency purification device takes advantage of the self-priming pump, that is, the advantage of not being limited in water intake distance, and quickly improves the water quality to disaster victims and evacuees in any location and situation. Water can be supplied.

Except check valve grapple the pump suction side in unnecessary structure can provide prime the interior of the self-priming pump, reduction of the number of parts, Hakare is cost reduction of simple structure, further Can improve the performance of the emergency purification apparatus at low cost.

Easy on the installation of a single manual pump can provide prime the interior of the self-priming pump. In particular, when the suction part of the manual pump is connected to the secondary side of the water purifier, the manual pump can be used not only for securing priming water but also for securing miscellaneous water.

Intake distance can be secured enough, it is preferable to supply such drinking water and service water.

[First Embodiment]
The present invention will be described below based on the first embodiment shown in FIGS.

  FIG. 1 shows a state in which, for example, the emergency purification apparatus 1 is installed at a disaster occurrence location, and drinking water or miscellaneous water is to be secured from a water source, for example, a well W having a difficulty in water quality.

  The emergency purification apparatus 1 is a unit that is portable, for example, by mounting each device surrounded by a frame A on a base (not shown) or a carriage (not shown). The emergency purification apparatus 1 will be described. Reference numeral 2 represents a self-priming pump for raw water intake that requires priming water at the start of operation, for example, a self-priming well pump composed of a self-priming centrifugal pump 2a. A purification circuit 4 connected to the discharge side of the pump 2 indicates a priming water supply mechanism (corresponding to the priming water supply means of the present application) for supplying priming water to the pump 2.

  Among these, the pump part 2b of the self-priming well pump 2 (spiral pump) includes, for example, a spiral pump chamber 6 in which the impeller 5 is rotatably accommodated, and a separation partition part 5 on the front side of the pump chamber 4. It has a return chamber 8 formed at a distance, a reflow inlet 9 formed at the lower side of the partition portion 5, a pump chamber 4, and a separation chamber 10 formed above the return chamber 8. A suction chamber 11 communicating with the suction portion 5a at the center of the impeller 5 is formed on the front surface of the return chamber 8. A suction port portion 12 is provided in the upper front portion of the suction chamber 11, and a discharge port portion 13 is provided in the upper portion of the separation chamber 10, so that the impeller 5 is immersed before the start of operation until the impeller 5 is immersed. When the impeller 5 is rotated after the water is filled with water, the structure can perform self-priming. That is, self-priming is performed by a foaming action for mixing water and air by the rotation of the impeller 5, a separation action for separating the air in the separation chamber 10, and a returning action for returning only water to the pump chamber 6. In addition, the suction port 12 has a check valve 14 for preventing a backflow so that water inside the pump does not flow back to the outside of the pump. For example, an electric motor 16 is connected to the impeller 5 as a drive source, and when the electric motor 16 is excited by applied electric power, self-priming and pumping are performed (electric motor drive type). For example, 17a is a priming water inlet formed in the upper part of the separation chamber 10, and 17b is a cap for opening and closing the priming water inlet 17a.

  The suction part 12 of the self-priming well pump 2 (vortex pump) is connected to the inflow part 1a for raw water of the emergency purification apparatus 1 through a connecting pipe 18. Then, a suction pipe 20 extending from the inside of the well W is connected to the inflow portion 1a through a joint 19, so that well water as raw water can be taken from the well W.

  The purification circuit 3 is a device for improving various water quality, for example, a water purifier 25 having a filter medium 25a such as a nonwoven fabric filter or an activated carbon filter, which serves as a pre-filter, and a sterilization treatment (including sterilization). A sterilizer 26 having a tank 26a and a chemical solution injection pump 26b, a membrane filtration device for removing fine chromaticity components, organic substances, bacteria free from sterilization, etc., for example, an MF filter (for example, a precision hollow fiber made of polypropylene of about 0.1 μm) A structure in which a microfiltration device 29 having a structure in which a (membrane) 27 is enclosed in a filter housing 28 is combined is used. Specifically, the purification circuit 3 has a structure in which a water purifier 25, a sterilizer 26, and a microfiltration device 29 are connected in series to the discharge port portion 13 of the self-priming well pump 2 through a connection pipe 30 in order. It is done. The outlet of the microfiltration device 29 is connected to a faucet 31 formed as a faucet as a water outlet, so that water improved to a water quality suitable for drinking is allowed to flow out of the faucet 31. .

  Moreover, the pipe part 32 connected to the outflow part 1b for miscellaneous water branches from the connecting pipe 30a which connects between the water purifier 25 and the sterilizer 26. Then, a plurality of water spigots 33 formed by faucets are connected to the outflow part 1b through the relay pipe 33a, and the water that has passed through the water purifier 25 and has water quality suitable for miscellaneous use (intermediate water quality). Is discharged from the water spout 33. Reference numeral 34 denotes a maintenance on-off valve interposed in the connecting pipe 30a.

  The priming water supply mechanism 4 has a structure in which the inside of the self-priming well pump 2 can be filled with raw water by a manual pump, for example, a hand pump 40. In the same structure, for example, a structure in which a hand pump 40 is assembled so as to bypass the primary side of the check valve 14 assembled on the suction side of the self-priming well pump 2 and the discharge side of the pump 2. It is used. Specifically, the hand pump 40 is a piston type in which, for example, a piston 46 that has a suction portion 42 at the bottom and a discharge portion 43 on the upper side and a piston 46 that reciprocates by operation of a hand push lever 45 is built in. A pump structure is used. The suction part 42 of the hand pump 40 is connected to the connection pipe 18 piped to the primary side of the check valve 14 via the primary side bypass pipe 47a, and the discharge part 43 is connected to the secondary side bypass pipe 47a. The connection pipe 30b is connected between the discharge port 13 on the discharge side of the self-priming well pump 2 and the water purifier 25 via 47b. Here, for example, a suction valve (not shown) is incorporated in the suction portion 42, and a discharge valve (not shown) is incorporated in the piston 46 and the discharge portion 43, for example, and the self-priming is performed by opening the priming inlet 17a. When the hand pump 40 is operated (manually) after the inside of the well pump 2 is opened to the atmosphere (water tap 31, water spigot 33: closed), the suction / discharge operation (pump operation) brought about by the reciprocating motion of the piston 40 Well water (raw water) is taken from the well W, and the well water is sent out from the discharge port portion 13 of the pump 2 into the pump (pump chamber 6, return chamber 8, suction chamber 11) (back flow). And by the check valve 14 assembled | attached to the self-priming type well pump 2, the inside of a pump is filled with well water, without escaping from the suction inlet part 12. FIG. Further, when the priming water inlet 17a is closed and the hand pump 40 is operated (manually), the well water taken from the well W is sent to the purification circuit 3 by the check valve 14, and the self-priming well pump When 2 cannot be used, the pump 2 can be replaced with a well water intake.

  Next, the operation of the emergency purification apparatus 1 configured as described above will be described.

  Now, it is assumed that the emergency purification apparatus 1 is installed in a disaster occurrence place, for example, in an area where it is difficult to obtain drinking water, miscellaneous water, etc., although power is supplied by a generator or the like. Then, it is assumed that preparations for supplying power to the piping work and various devices such as the suction pipe 20 and the water sprinkler 33 are finished and drinking water is supplied from now on.

  At this time, prior to the start of operation of the emergency purification apparatus 1, first, priming water is given to the self-priming well pump 2.

  At this time, if normal, the water tap 31 and the water spigot 32 are closed, the priming water inlet 17a of the self-priming well pump 2 is opened, and separately prepared water is poured from the priming water inlet 17a. However, it is difficult to procure priming water in disaster areas because the water supply has not been restored.

  Therefore, at this time, the hand pump 40 is used to secure the priming water. Specifically, the hand-pushing lever 45 of the hand-pump 40 is repeatedly swung up and down, and the well water (raw water) in the well W is pumped up from the suction pipe 15.

  Here, since the priming water inlet 17a is “open” and the water tap 31 and the water sprinkler 33 are “closed”, the pumped-up well water is connected to the connecting pipe 18, bypass pipe 47a, bypass pipe 47b and the like as shown in FIG. It is sent out to the discharge port part 13 through the connecting pipe 30b. The well water flows backward from the discharge port 13 and is poured into the self-priming well pump 2. From the priming water inlet 17a, the air inside the pump and the piping is discharged to the atmosphere according to the water injection. Due to the inflow of the well water, each chamber (the pump chamber 6, the return chamber 8, and the suction chamber 11) inside the pump is gradually filled with well water and becomes priming water as shown in FIG.

  This supply of priming water is continued until each chamber 6, 8, 11 is filled with well water. At the time of finishing the supply operation, for example, as shown in FIG. 3A, almost the entire impeller 5 is immersed in the well water. Thereafter, the priming inlet 17a is closed with a cap 17b. Thus, the self-priming well pump 2 is sealed again, and a system for self-priming is prepared. That is, priming water is secured.

  After that, for example, a generator as an emergency power source supplies power to the electric motor 16 and the sterilizer 26, and then the water tap 31 is opened.

  Then, the impeller 5 of the self-priming well pump 2 rotates and self-priming starts. Self-priming is one of the water that has moved to the discharge side by utilizing the fact that the water in the impeller 5 is blown away by centrifugal force and moves to the discharge side, and the inside of the impeller 5 becomes only air. For example, the part is returned to the impeller 5 and mixed with the air in the impeller 5 so that the air is bubbled and carried on the flow of water inside the pump to the discharge side. Specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 3B, self-priming is performed by mixing water and air by the rotation of the impeller 5 to make air into bubbles, and in the separation chamber 10 It is performed by repeating the separation action of separating only air and discharging only the air, and the return action of returning only the remaining water from the return chamber 8 and the reinlet 9 to the pump chamber 6. Thereby, the air remaining in the suction pipe 20 and the connection pipe 18 is gradually discharged, and the well water gradually flows into the suction pipe 20 and the connection pipe 18. Then, when the water surface in the suction pipe 20 rises until it reaches the suction port 12 as shown in FIG. 3 (c), self-priming is completed, and thereafter the impeller 5 as shown in FIG. 3 (c). Switch to pumping operation to pump well water by centrifugal force. Once the inside of the self-priming well pump 2 is filled with priming water, after that, even if the self-priming well pump 2 stops, the check valve 14 blocks the siphon phenomenon of the suction pipe 20, Water does not fall into the well W from inside the pump.

  Then, the well water discharged from the self-priming well pump 2 is sent to the water purifier 25. And while passing the water purifier 25, the filter medium (nonwoven fabric filter, activated carbon filter, etc.) of the water purifier 25 removes dust, organic matter and turbidity components contained in the well water. The treated water treated by the water purifier 25 is sent to the sterilizer 26 through the open / close valve 34, and a chemical solution is injected into the treated water while passing through the sterilizer 26. Thereby, the general bacteria contained in the treated water are sterilized.

  The treated water that has been sterilized is sent to the microfiltration device 29. While passing through the final microfiltration device 29, the MF filter 27 of the microfiltration device 29 removes minute chromaticity components and minute organic substances remaining in the treated water. By such treatment, the well water (water source water) has a water quality suitable for drinking. The water of this quality is discharged from the water tap 31 and is provided as drinking water to victims and evacuees. In addition, if the water spigot 33 is opened, the water of the quality only processed with the water purifier 25 will be discharged.

  According to such an emergency purification device 1, the self-priming well pump 2 (self-priming centrifugal pump) has a considerably higher self-priming lift than the positive displacement pump, so the emergency purification device 1 is like a positive displacement pump. The water intake distance is not limited, and the water intake distance can be secured sufficiently. Moreover, when starting the operation of the self-priming well pump 2, the priming water is difficult to obtain by the raw water intake operation performed by the hand pump 40 as long as the priming water is secured even if the priming water cannot be secured separately. It can be procured and replenished easily and quickly even at sites such as disaster areas and can respond quickly.

  Thereby, the performance of the emergency purification apparatus 1 can be significantly improved by utilizing the self-priming well pump 2 which is advantageous in terms of the water intake distance.

  Therefore, emergency purification is possible in any location or situation, such as when there is a large drop between the water source and the emergency purification device 1 or even when the distance between the water source and the emergency purification device 1 is far away. By using the device 1, it is possible to quickly supply water with improved water quality to disaster victims and evacuees. In particular, when a self-priming spiral pump 2a is used as the self-priming well pump 2, a sufficient water intake distance can be secured, which is suitable for supplying drinking water or miscellaneous water (such as watering). In addition, the centrifugal pump such as the centrifugal pump 2a has no sliding parts such as the vane of the positive displacement pump, so that the noise is low.

  In addition, the hand pump 40 connects the suction part 42 to the primary side of the check valve 14, connects the discharge part 43 to the discharge side of the self-priming well pump 2, and discharges the raw water taken by the manual pump 40 to the discharge port. Since the structure that leads from the portion 13 to the inside of the self-priming pump 2 is adopted, priming water can be supplied to the inside of the self-priming pump 2 without using valves. That is, for example, when connecting the suction part of the manual pump to the primary side of the check valve 14 in order to let the raw water flow out from the suction port part 12 of the self-priming pump 2 to the inside of the pump by a manual pump, the discharge of the manual pump This part is also connected to the primary side of the check valve 14. In this case, in order to prevent the raw water discharged from the manual pump 40 from returning to the suction portion 42 side, a separate valve device for blocking between the suction portion 42 and the discharge portion 43 is required. On the other hand, in the structure in which the raw water is flowed back to the discharge port portion 13 and the priming water is supplied, valves other than the check valve 14 for preventing the reverse flow assembled to the suction side of the self-priming pump 2 are usually unnecessary. Accordingly, the performance of the emergency purification apparatus 1 can be improved with a simple structure and low cost.

  In addition, the hand pump 40 has an advantage that it can be used as it is as a water intake pump when the self-priming well pump 2 fails or when an emergency power supply fails.

[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.

  In this embodiment, the suction portion 42 of the hand pump 40 (manual pump) is connected to a part of the path from the discharge port portion 13 (discharge portion) of the self-priming well pump 2 to the water tap 31 (water discharge portion). By opening the discharge part 43 outside the path, the well water (raw water) pumped up by the hand pump 40 without increasing the number of parts is transferred from the suction port 12 of the self-priming well pump 2 to the inside of the pump. It is designed to allow water injection.

  Specifically, the suction part 42 of the hand pump 40 is connected between the water purifier 25 and the sterilizer 26 via the pipe part 32. The discharge part 43 is connected to a relay pipe 33a that relays miscellaneous water, and is a pipe that opens outside the path from the discharge port part 13 of the self-priming well pump 2 to the water tap 31 (water discharge part). Thus, the well water pumped up by the hand pump 40 is sent out from the pipe part 32 to the discharge part 43 via the connection pipe 18, the self-priming well pump 2, the connection pipe 30 b and the water purifier 25. As a result, well water is poured into the self-priming well pump 2, the internal air is also discharged to the atmosphere, and the inside of the pump is filled with priming water. In this case, the priming inlet 17a may remain closed.

  Therefore, as in the first embodiment, when starting the self-priming well pump 2, even if priming water cannot be secured separately, as long as the raw water is secured, the raw water intake operation performed by the hand pump 40 is performed. However, priming water can be procured and replenished easily and quickly even in places where disasters are difficult to obtain. In addition, the hand pump 40 has a structure for sending out the well water that has passed through the water purifier 25 to the outside, so that not only the priming water but also the miscellaneous water can be easily secured when the self-priming well pump 2 is operated or at the time of failure. There are advantages you can do.

[Third Embodiment]
FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment of the present invention.

  This embodiment shows the example using the self-priming well pump 2 comprised by the cascade pump 2c (vortex flow type pump). Even if the cascade pump 2c is used, the same effect is obtained.

  In FIG. 4, 14 is a check valve, 50 is a pump section, 51 is an electric motor, and 52 is a cover.

[Fourth Embodiment]
FIG. 6 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

  In the first to third embodiments, the self-priming well pump 2 in which the check valve 14 is assembled in advance is employed. However, the self-priming is not limited to this and is not provided with a check valve as shown in FIG. A structure in which a check valve 14 is separately provided on the suction side of the self-priming well pump 2 may be used.

  However, in FIG. 4 to FIG. 6, the same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above, You may implement in various changes within the range which does not deviate from the main point of this invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the hand pump is used as the manual pump. However, the manual pump is not limited to this, and a manual pump of another structure and type may be used.

The figure for demonstrating the structure of the emergency purification apparatus which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. The figure explaining when priming water is supplied to a self-priming pump using a manual pump. Sectional drawing for demonstrating the self-priming and pumping performed with a self-priming pump. The figure for demonstrating the principal part of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing for demonstrating the principal part of the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. The figure for demonstrating the principal part of the 4th Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1a ... Inflow part, 1b ... Outflow part, 2 ... Self-priming well pump (self-priming pump), 4 ... Rear part of priming water supply machine (priming water supply means), 14 ... Check valve, 25, 26, 29 ... Water purifier, Sterilizer, microfiltration device (water quality improvement device), 31 .. faucet (outlet part), 40 .. hand pump (manual pump), 42 .. suction part, 43... Discharge part, 47 a, 47 b.

Claims (4)

A self-priming pump for raw water intake that requires priming water;
A water purification device for purifying the water quality discharged from the self-priming pump, and a water discharge unit for discharging water whose water quality has been improved by the water purification device,
A priming water supply means that has a manual pump and takes raw water by manual operation of the manual pump and supplies it as priming water to the inside of the self-priming pump at the start of operation when the priming water of the self-priming pump cannot be secured and, the equipped,
The priming water supply means is characterized in that the suction part of the manual pump is connected to a part of the path from the discharge part of the self-priming pump to the water discharge part, and the discharge part of the manual pump opens out of the path. Emergency purification equipment. The self-priming pump has a check valve for backflow prevention on the suction side,
The priming water supply means is characterized in that a suction portion of the manual pump is connected to a primary side of the check valve, and a discharge portion of the manual pump is connected to a discharge side of the self-priming pump. Item 2. The emergency purification apparatus according to item 1. The water purification device has a water purifier, a sterilizer, and a microfiltration device connected in series in order between the path from the discharge part of the self-priming pump to the water discharge part,
2. The emergency purification apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the priming water supply unit is configured such that a suction portion of the manual pump is connected to a secondary side of the water purifier and a discharge portion of the manual pump is opened outside a path. . The emergency purification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the self-priming pump is a self-priming centrifugal pump or a cascade pump.

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