JP4620428B2 - Ophthalmic equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an ophthalmologic apparatus that performs an inspection by aligning an inspection unit (for example, a measurement system for inspecting the eye to be examined, an observation system for observing and photographing the eye to be examined) with respect to the eye to be examined. About.

  In an ophthalmologic apparatus, a base for fixing a subject's face is usually provided on a base (base). A joystick for moving the examination unit in the X direction (left and right direction with respect to the subject eye), Y direction (front and rear direction with respect to the subject eye), and Z direction (up and down direction with respect to the subject eye) with respect to the base And a driving device for moving the inspection unit in the X, Y, and Z directions with respect to the base. When the inspector operates an operation member such as a joystick, the operation amount input to the operation member is detected by the detection device. The control device controls the drive device based on the operation amount detected by the detection device. Thus, the examiner can align the examination unit with a predetermined position with respect to the eye to be examined.

In this type of ophthalmologic apparatus, when the examination part is finely aligned with the eye to be examined, the examination part is moved small (that is, fine movement), and when the examination part is roughly aligned with the eye to be examined (for example, When moving the inspection unit from one eye of the subject to the other eye, or when adjusting the display from the state where the eye is not projected on the monitor, etc. It is convenient to be able to (coarse). For this reason, an ophthalmologic apparatus capable of performing fine movement operation and coarse movement operation of an examination unit has been developed (for example, Patent Document 1). In the ophthalmic apparatus described in Patent Literature 1, when the joystick is operated within a predetermined tilt angle range (−20 ° to + 20 °), the inspection unit is finely moved, and the gistech is operated beyond the predetermined tilt angle range. At times, the inspection section is coarsely moved.
JP 2002-369799 A

However, in the above-described ophthalmologic apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1, since the inspection unit is finely or coarsely moved according to the tilt angle of the joystick, the inspection unit does not move as intended by the inspector due to erroneous operation of the joystick. This happens. For example, the inspector tilts the joystick to finely move the inspection unit, but the tilting angle of the joystick becomes too large and the inspection unit coarsely moves.
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an ophthalmologic apparatus that can prevent an inspector's erroneous operation and can finely or coarsely move an inspection unit as intended by the inspector. Is to provide.

The ophthalmologic apparatus of the present invention performs an inspection by aligning the inspection unit at a predetermined position with respect to the eye to be examined. The ophthalmologic apparatus includes a base, a drive device that moves the inspection unit in the X, Y, and Z directions with respect to the base, an operation device that is operated by an examiner, and a detection that detects an operation amount input to the operation device. And a control device that drives the drive device based on the operation amount detected by the detection device. The operating device includes an operating member for moving the inspection unit in at least one of the X, Y, and Z directions. The operating member can be tilted with respect to the base and slidable with respect to the base in the first direction in order to move the inspection unit in the first direction. The detection device includes a first sensor that detects a tilt angle of the operation member in the first direction, and a second sensor that detects a slide position of the operation member. The control device (1) finely moves the inspection unit in the first direction based on the operation amount detected by one of the first sensor and the second sensor, and (2) the first sensor and the second sensor. The inspection unit is coarsely moved in the first direction based on the operation amount detected by the other sensor.
In addition, another ophthalmologic apparatus of the present invention performs an inspection by aligning the inspection unit at a predetermined position with respect to the eye to be examined. The ophthalmologic apparatus includes a base, a drive device that moves the inspection unit in the X, Y, and Z directions with respect to the base, an operation device that is operated by an examiner, and a detection that detects an operation amount input to the operation device. And a control device that drives the drive device based on the operation amount detected by the detection device. The operating device includes an operating member for moving the inspection unit in one of the X, Y, and Z directions. The operation member is rotatable with respect to the rotation axis and is slidable in the direction of the rotation axis. The detection device includes a first sensor that detects a rotation angle of the operation member, and a second sensor that detects a position of the operation member in the rotation axis direction. The control device (1) slightly moves the inspection unit based on the operation amount detected by one of the first sensor and the second sensor, and (2) is detected by the other sensor of the first sensor and the second sensor. The inspection unit is coarsely moved based on the operated amount.
Further, the ophthalmologic apparatus according to the present application is a ophthalmologic apparatus for inspecting and align the inspection unit in a predetermined position with respect to the eye. The ophthalmologic apparatus includes a base, a drive device that moves the inspection unit in the X, Y, and Z directions with respect to the base, an operation device that is operated by an examiner, and a detection that detects an operation amount input to the operation device. And a control device that drives the drive device based on the operation amount detected by the detection device.
The operation device includes an operation member for moving the inspection unit in at least one direction in the X, Y, and Z directions, and the operation member can input two degrees of freedom in order to move the inspection unit in one direction. It has become. In addition, the detection device includes a first sensor that detects an operation amount related to one degree of freedom of the operation member, and a second sensor that detects an operation amount related to the other degree of freedom of the operation member. The control device (1) slightly moves the inspection unit based on the operation amount detected by one of the first sensor and the second sensor, and (2) the other sensor of the first sensor and the second sensor. The inspection unit is coarsely moved based on the detected operation amount.
In this ophthalmologic apparatus, when the examiner operates the operation member, the operation amount input to the operation member is detected by the detection device. The control device drives the drive device based on the operation amount detected by the detection device. When the driving device is driven, the inspection unit moves with respect to the base, and alignment (positioning) of the inspection unit with respect to the eye to be examined is performed.
Here, the operation member can be input with two degrees of freedom in order to move the inspection unit in one direction, and the operation amount regarding each degree of freedom of the operation member is detected by different sensors. The inspection unit is finely moved based on the operation amount detected by one sensor, and the inspection unit is coarsely moved based on the operation amount detected by the other sensor. Therefore, the input to the operation member when performing the fine movement operation is different from the input to the operation member when performing the coarse movement operation (movement with different degrees of freedom), and an erroneous operation of the inspector can be prevented. For this reason, it becomes possible to finely or coarsely move the inspection portion as intended by the inspector.

In one aspect of the ophthalmic apparatus according to the present application, a joystick that moves the inspection unit in the X and Y directions with respect to the base can be used as the operation member. The joystick can be tilted with respect to the base and slidable with respect to the base in each of the X and Y directions. The detection device includes a first sensor that detects a tilt angle of the joystick and a second sensor that detects a slide position of the joystick in each of the X and Y directions. According to such a configuration, the inspection unit finely moves by inputting one operation of tilting and sliding movement to the joystick, and the inspection unit coarsely moves by inputting the other operation.
In the ophthalmologic apparatus according to the above aspect, it is preferable that the inspection unit is finely moved when the joystick is tilted, and the inspection unit is coarsely moved when the joystick is slid. In this case, the examination unit can be finely or coarsely moved by the same operation method as the operation method in the ophthalmologic apparatus that does not have a drive device that electrically drives the examination unit. For this reason, it does not give a sense of incongruity to the inspector accustomed to the operation of the conventional ophthalmologic apparatus.

In another aspect of the ophthalmic apparatus according to the present application, a rotary knob that moves the inspection unit in one of the X, Y, and Z directions with respect to the base can be used as the operation member. The rotary knob is rotatable with respect to the axis and is slidable in the axial direction. The first sensor detects the rotation angle of the rotary knob, and the second sensor detects the position of the rotary knob in the axial direction. According to such a configuration, the inspection unit can be finely moved by inputting one operation of rotation and axial movement to the rotary knob, and the inspection unit can be coarsely moved by inputting the other operation.

In the above ophthalmic apparatus, the control device controls (a) the position of the inspection unit based on the detected operation amount when the drive device is finely moved, and (b) detects when the drive device is coarsely moved. It is preferable to control the moving speed of the inspection unit based on the operated amount.
Further, when position control or speed control is performed as described above, the operation device is configured so that when the operation member is operated with a degree of freedom related to the fine movement operation, friction for maintaining the operation member at a position after the operation is performed. It is preferable to include a mechanism and a biasing means for returning the operation member to the neutral position when the operation member is operated with a degree of freedom related to the coarse movement operation.
According to such a configuration, when the fine adjustment operation is input to the operation member and the alignment is performed, the operation member is maintained at the position after the operation even if the hand is released from the operation member after the alignment. It is stopped at the position. On the other hand, when the coarse movement operation is input to the operation member to coarsely move the inspection unit, the inspection unit moves only while the operation force is input to the operation member against the urging force of the urging means. When the hand is released from the member, the operation member returns to the neutral position and the inspection unit also stops. Therefore, the alignment operation can be easily performed.

The second ophthalmologic apparatus according to the present application is an ophthalmologic apparatus that inspects an eye to be examined by aligning an inspection unit at a predetermined position. The ophthalmologic apparatus includes a base, a drive device that moves the inspection unit in the X, Y, and Z directions with respect to the base, an operation device that is operated by an examiner, and a detection that detects an operation amount input to the operation device. And a control device that drives the drive device based on the operation amount detected by the detection device.
The operation device includes an operation member for moving the inspection unit in at least one direction in the X, Y, and Z directions. The operation member includes a first input for finely moving the inspection unit and a rough inspection unit. A second input for moving is allowed. The detection device includes a first sensor that detects a first input to the operation member, and a second sensor that detects a second input to the operation member. The control device (1) finely moves the inspection unit based on the operation amount detected by the first sensor, and (2) coarsely moves the inspection unit based on the operation amount detected by the second sensor.
In this ophthalmologic apparatus, the first input (input for fine movement operation) and the second input (input for coarse movement operation) input to the operation member are detected by different sensors. Therefore, the first input and the second input input to the operation member can be completely different operations. Therefore, it is possible to prevent an inspector from operating erroneously, and to finely or coarsely move the inspection unit as intended by the inspector.

First, other objects of the examples described below and the best mode for achieving the objects are listed.
(1) Another object of the present application is to facilitate packaging during transportation in an ophthalmologic apparatus that electrically drives an examination unit. That is, in an ophthalmologic apparatus that does not electrically drive a conventional inspection unit, the inspection unit can be manually moved to an appropriate position during packing and packed in cardboard or the like. However, in an ophthalmologic apparatus that electrically drives the inspection unit, the inspection unit must be moved to an appropriate position (packing position) before the apparatus is turned off. In addition, it is difficult to perform the movement manually because there is no target unlike the alignment with respect to the eye to be examined. Therefore, a packing switch is provided in the ophthalmologic apparatus to alert the user when the power is turned off, and the movement to the neutral position is performed by the control device so that the user does not need to move the inspection unit. .
An ophthalmologic apparatus that achieves the above object is an ophthalmologic apparatus that performs an inspection by aligning an inspection unit at a predetermined position with respect to an eye to be inspected. A drive device to be moved, an operation device operated by an examiner, a detection device that detects an operation amount input to the operation device, and a control device that drives the drive device based on the operation amount detected by the detection device Have. The control device further includes a packing switch operated by a user, and the control device moves the inspection unit to a preset packing position when the packing switch is operated. Note that this technique can be applied to any ophthalmologic apparatus as long as it is an ophthalmologic apparatus that electrically drives the examination unit.

(2) Another object of the present application is to simplify the configuration of a driving device for driving the examination unit in an ophthalmologic apparatus that electrically drives the examination unit. That is, for alignment between the eye to be examined and the examination part, it is necessary to move the examination part in the X, Y, and Z directions with respect to the eye to be examined. For this reason, one drive source (such as a motor) is required in each of the Z, Y, and Z directions, which complicates and enlarges the configuration. Therefore, fixing the three driving sources to one plate simplifies the configuration of the driving device and enables miniaturization thereof.
An ophthalmologic apparatus that achieves the above object is an ophthalmologic apparatus that performs an inspection by aligning an inspection unit at a predetermined position with respect to an eye to be inspected. A drive device to be moved, an operation device operated by an examiner, a detection device that detects an operation amount input to the operation device, and a control device that drives the drive device based on the operation amount detected by the detection device Have. The driving device includes a first plate that moves in the Z direction with respect to the base, a second plate that moves in either the X direction or the Y direction with respect to the first plate, and an X with respect to the second plate. A third plate that moves in the other of the direction and the Y direction, a first drive source that moves the first plate in the Z direction relative to the base, and a second plate that moves in the X and Y directions relative to the first plate And a third drive source for moving the third plate to the other of the X direction and the Y direction with respect to the second plate. All of the first, second and third drive sources are fixed to the first plate. Note that this technique can also be applied to any ophthalmologic apparatus as long as it is an ophthalmologic apparatus that electrically drives the examination unit.

  Hereinafter, an ophthalmologic apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a perspective view of the ophthalmic apparatus according to the present embodiment, FIG. 2 is a front view of the ophthalmic apparatus shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a side view of the ophthalmic apparatus shown in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the ophthalmic apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment includes a base 12, a support unit 14 erected on the base 12, a measurement unit 16 disposed on the support unit 14, and the like. It has.

  A face holder 20 is provided at one end of the base 12. The face holder 20 includes a chin rest 21 on which the subject's chin is placed (see FIG. 3), and a forehead pad 22 on which the subject's forehead is placed. When the subject fixes the face to the face holder 20, the face of the subject (that is, the eye to be examined) is fixed to the base 12.

  A joystick device 24 is provided at the other end of the base 12. A measurement switch 30 is provided at the upper end of the joystick device 24, and a slide member 28 is fixed to the base of the joystick device 24. As will be described in detail later, when the examiner operates the joystick device 24 and the slide member 28, the measurement unit 16 is in the X direction (with respect to the subject fixed to the face holder 20) ( It moves in the left / right direction), Y direction (front / rear direction), and Z direction (up / down direction). Further, when the examiner operates the measurement switch 30, measurement (inspection) is performed on the eye to be examined.

  An operation panel 32 is provided on the side of the joystick device 24 and on the upper surface of the base 12. Various switches 33 to 39 are provided on the operation panel 32. In each of the switches 33 to 39, a symbol representing the function of each switch is drawn. For example, the switch 33 is a packing switch. When the packing switch 33 is operated, the measuring unit 16 moves to a preset packing position. The switches 34a and 34b are chin rest up / down operation switches for moving the chin rest 21 up and down, and the height of the chin rest 21 is adjusted by operating the chin rest up / down operation switches 34a and 34b. be able to.

  A monitor 18 is disposed on the inspector side of the measurement unit 16. As shown in FIG. 2, the eye to be examined is displayed on the monitor 18 when the measuring unit 16 is aligned. When performing alignment with the eye to be examined, the examiner operates the joystick device 24 so that the eye to be examined displayed on the monitor 18 is positioned at the measurement center position index A of the monitor 18, and Adjust the position.

  Next, the drive device 40 that moves the measurement unit 16 and the joystick device 24 that is operated by the inspector will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, a chin rest 21 is disposed at one end of the base plate 26 (accommodated in the base 12), and a joystick device 24 is disposed at the other end. A driving device 40 is disposed approximately between the chin rest 21 and the joystick device 24. A measurement unit 42 is placed on the drive device 40. The driving device 40 is accommodated in the support portion 14, and the measurement unit 42 is accommodated in the measurement portion 16. The measurement unit 42 has an optical system for measuring the eye refractive power, the corneal shape, and the like of the eye to be examined, and an imaging system for photographing an anterior segment image of the eye to be examined. As described above, the anterior segment image of the eye to be inspected photographed by the measurement unit 42 is displayed on the monitor 18.

First, the drive device 40 will be described. 6 is a partially broken sectional view of the driving device 40 as viewed from the subject side, FIG. 7 is a partially broken sectional view of the driving device 40 as viewed from the side, and FIG. 8 is a rear view of the driving device 40. is there.
As shown in FIG. 6, the driving device 40 includes a hollow column 74. The lower end of the column 74 is fixed to the base 12 (specifically, the base plate 26). Inside the column 74, a feed nut 76 is fitted to the lower end thereof. A slide bush 82 is fitted to the upper end of the column 74. A shaft 80 is assembled to the slide bush 82 so as to be movable in the vertical direction. A spring 78 is interposed between the lower end of the shaft 80 and the feed nut 76. The spring 78 is a member for receiving a downward force acting on the shaft 80. A first plate member 58 is fixed to the upper end of the shaft 80. The first plate member 58 is supported by a rotation receiver 105 (see FIGS. 7 and 8) in which a rotation stopper 106 (see FIGS. 7 and 8) suspended from the first plate member 58 is fixed to the column 74. Rotation with respect to 74 is restricted.

  As shown in FIG. 6, a motor 88 (stepping motor) is fixed to the lower surface of the first plate member 58. An output shaft of the motor 88 projects above the first plate member 58, and a pulley 90 is fixed to the output shaft. The rotation of the pulley 90 is transmitted to the pulley 94 by the timing belt 92. An upper end of the feed screw 70 is fixed to the pulley 94. The feed screw 70 is rotatably assembled with respect to the shaft 80 by a bearing 86. A screw is formed at the lower end of the feed screw 70, and the portion where the screw is formed is screwed into the feed nut 76. Therefore, when the motor 88 rotates, the pulley 90 rotates, and the rotation of the pulley 90 is transmitted to the pulley 94 by the timing belt 92. When the pulley 94 rotates, the feed screw 70 rotates. As described above, the rotation of the first plate member 58 with respect to the column 74 is restricted by the rotation stopper 106. For this reason, the first plate member 58 moves in the vertical direction (the UD direction in the figure) in accordance with the rotation of the feed screw 70.

  The position of the first plate member 58 in the vertical direction with respect to the column 74 is detected by a position sensor 65 attached to the first plate member 58 via the sensor attachment member 63 (see FIG. 7). The position sensor 65 includes a light emitter (for example, an LED) and a light receiver (for example, a phototransistor) that receives light from the light emitter. As shown in FIG. 7, a reset plate 67 is fixed to the column 74, and a light emitter and a light receiver of the position sensor 65 are arranged so as to sandwich the reset plate 67. The reset plate 67 is a plate for detecting whether or not the first plate member 58 is at the reset position (center position). When the position sensor 65 detects that the first plate member 58 is at the reset position, the position of the first plate member 58 is determined based on the number of pulse signals for driving the motor 88 (stepping motor) based on the position. Control is performed.

As shown well in FIGS. 6 and 7, a rail 56 is disposed on the upper surface of the first plate member 58 described above. The rail 56 extends in the front-rear direction (the FB direction in the figure). A block 54 is engaged with the rail 56, and the block 54 is fixed to the lower surface of the second plate member 52. Therefore, the second plate member 52 is guided by the rail 56 and can move in the front-rear direction.
As well shown in FIG. 7, a feed nut 51 is fixed to the second plate member 52. The feed nut 51 is screwed with a feed screw 50 disposed between the first plate member 58 and the second plate member 52. A pulley 69 is fixed to one end of the feed screw 50 (see FIG. 7), and the rotation of the pulley 66 is transmitted to the pulley 69 by the timing belt 60. An output shaft of a motor 68 is fixed to the pulley 66. The motor 68 is also fixed to the lower surface of the first plate member 58. When the motor 68 rotates, the pulley 66 rotates, and the feed screw 50 rotates as the pulley 66 rotates. When the feed screw 50 rotates, the feed nut 51 (that is, the second plate member 52) that is screwed into the feed screw 50 moves in the front-rear direction.
6 and 8, the position of the second plate member 52 in the front-rear direction with respect to the first plate member 58 includes the position sensor 62 attached to the lower surface of the second plate member 52 and the first plate. It is detected by a reset plate 64 attached to the upper surface of the member 58. The configuration of the position sensor 62 and the reset plate 64 is the same as that of the position sensor 65 and the reset plate 67 described above.

As shown in FIGS. 6-8, the rail 48 is arrange | positioned on the upper surface of the 2nd board member 52 mentioned above. The rail 48 extends in the left-right direction (RL direction in the drawing). A block 46 is engaged with the rail 48, and the block 46 is fixed to the lower surface of the third plate member 44. Therefore, the third plate member 44 can be moved in the left-right direction while being guided by the rail 48. A measurement unit 42 is placed on the upper surface of the third plate member 44.
7 and 8, a feed nut 96 is attached to the third plate member 44 so as not to slide in the left-right direction and to slide in the front-rear direction. The feed nut 96 is screwed with a feed screw 98 disposed between the first plate member 58 and the third plate member 44. A pulley 101 is fixed to one end of the feed screw 98 (see FIG. 8), and the rotation of the pulley 102 is transmitted to the pulley 101 by the timing belt 103. An output shaft of the motor 104 is fixed to the pulley 102. The motor 104 is also fixed to the lower surface of the first plate member 58. When the motor 104 rotates, the pulley 102 rotates, and the feed screw 98 rotates as the pulley 102 rotates. When the feed screw 98 rotates, the feed nut 96 (that is, the third plate member 44) that is screwed with the feed screw 98 moves in the left-right direction.
As well shown in FIG. 7, the position of the third plate member 44 in the left-right direction with respect to the second plate member 52 is the position sensor 43 attached to the lower surface of the third plate member 44 and the second plate member 52. It is detected by a reset plate 45 attached to the upper surface of. The configuration of the position sensor 43 and the reset plate 45 is the same as that of the position sensor 65 and the reset plate 67 described above.

  As is clear from the above description, the first plate member 58 moves in the vertical direction with respect to the column 74, and the second plate member 52 moves in the front-rear direction with respect to the first plate member 58. Then, the third plate member 44 moves in the left-right direction with respect to the second plate member. Therefore, the third plate member 44 can move in the up-down direction, the front-rear direction, and the left-right direction with respect to the column 74 (that is, the base 12). Since the measurement unit 42 is placed on the third plate member 44, the measurement unit 42 also moves in the vertical direction, the front-rear direction, and the left-right direction with respect to the base 12.

Next, the joystick device 24 will be described. 9 is a perspective view of the joystick device 24, FIG. 10 is a view as seen from the inspector side, FIG. 11 is a side view, FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. is there.
As well shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, the joystick device 24 includes a mounting plate 146 fixed to the upper surface of the base plate 26 (see FIG. 4). A rail 150 is disposed on the upper surface of the mounting plate 146. The rail 150 extends on the mounting plate 146 in the left-right direction. A block 152 is engaged with the rail 150. The block 152 is fixed to the lower surface of the first slide plate 148. Accordingly, the first slide plate 148 can be moved in the left-right direction while being guided by the rail 150.
The amount of movement of the first slide plate 148 relative to the mounting plate 146 in the left-right direction is detected by the position sensor 154. The position sensor 154 is an optical sensor that has a light projecting unit and a light receiving unit, and measures the distance to the object based on the voltage of the light receiving unit obtained from the reflected light applied to the object (reflecting plate). In this embodiment, the position sensor 154 is attached to the first slide plate 148, while the reflection plate 147 is attached to the attachment plate 146, and the amount of movement of the first slide plate 148 relative to the attachment plate 146 is detected.
Further, as shown in FIG. 13, a shaft 160 is disposed below the first slide plate 148. A spring 162 is loosely fitted on the shaft 160. When the first slide plate 148 moves left and right, the spring 162 is compressed. As a result, an urging force that returns to the neutral position acts on the first slide plate 148.

As well shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, a rail 142 is disposed on the upper surface of the first slide plate 148. The rail 142 extends in the front-rear direction on the first slide plate 148. A block 140 is engaged with the rail 142. The block 140 is fixed to the lower surface of the second slide plate 144. Therefore, the second slide plate 144 can be moved in the front-rear direction while being guided by the rail 142. The amount of movement of the second slide plate 144 in the front-rear direction relative to the first slide plate 148 is detected by the position sensor 156. The position sensor 156 is configured in the same manner as the position sensor 154 described above. That is, the position sensor 156 is attached to the first slide plate 148, and the second slide plate 144 is provided with the reflection plate 157. The position sensor 156 detects the amount of movement of the second slide plate 144 relative to the first slide plate 148 based on the intensity of the reflected light from the reflection plate 157.
As shown in FIG. 12, a shaft 166 is disposed below the second slide plate 144. A spring 164 is loosely fitted on the shaft 166. When the second slide plate 144 moves back and forth, the spring 164 is compressed. As a result, an urging force that returns to the neutral position acts on the second slide plate 144.

  As is clear from the above description, the first slide plate 148 moves in the left-right direction with respect to the mounting plate 146, and the second slide plate 144 moves in the front-rear direction with respect to the first slide plate 148. A slide member 28 is fixed to the second slide plate 144 (see FIG. 1). Therefore, the inspector can move the slide member 28 back and forth, right and left, and the amount of movement is detected by the position sensors 154 and 156.

As well shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, an operating rod shaft 114 is attached to the upper surface of the second slide plate 144 so as to be tiltable in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction. A rotary shaft 121 is assembled to the operation rod shaft 114. When the operating rod shaft 114 is tilted back and forth, the rotating shaft 121 is rotated. A gear 118 is fixed to one end of the rotating shaft 121, and a gear 122 is engaged with the gear 118 (see FIG. 9). A rotation angle sensor 124 (for example, a volume, a rotary encoder, etc.) is disposed on the rotation shaft of the gear 122. Therefore, when the operating rod shaft 114 tilts back and forth, the gears 118 and 122 rotate, and the rotation angle of the gear 122 is detected by the rotation angle sensor 124. Therefore, the rotation angle sensor 124 can detect the tilt angle in the front-rear direction of the operating rod shaft 114.
As well shown in FIG. 11, the other end of the rotating shaft 121 is held by a holding member 134. A split groove is formed in the gripping member 134 so that the force for gripping the rotating shaft 121 can be adjusted. When the rotating shaft 121 is gripped by the gripping member 134, a frictional force is generated between the rotating shaft 121 and the gripping member 134. This frictional force makes it possible to keep the operating rod shaft 114 tilted.

Also, as well shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, a rotary shaft 131 is assembled to the operation rod shaft 114. When the operation rod shaft 114 tilts to the left and right, the rotation shaft 131 rotates. A gear 132 is fixed to one end of the rotary shaft 131, and a gear 128 is engaged with the gear 132 (see FIG. 9). A rotation angle sensor 126 (the same member as the rotation angle sensor 124) is disposed on the rotation shaft of the gear 128. Therefore, when the operating rod shaft 114 tilts left and right, the gears 132 and 128 rotate, and the rotation angle of the gear 128 is detected by the rotation angle sensor 126. For this reason, the rotation angle sensor 126 can detect the tilt angle of the operating rod shaft 114 in the left-right direction.
As shown well in FIG. 10, the other end of the rotating shaft 131 is held by a holding member 116. By gripping one end of the rotating shaft 131 by the gripping member 116, a frictional force is generated between the rotating shaft 131 and the gripping member 116, and the operating rod shaft 114 can be kept tilted.

  A grip 112 that is gripped by an inspector is attached to the upper end of the operation rod shaft 114. The grip 112 is provided with a rotation knob 110. The rotation knob 110 rotates with respect to the grip 112 and is slidable in the axial direction.

  The assembly state of the rotary knob 110 to the grip 112 will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 14, an upper bearing member 178 and a lower bearing member 179 are assembled to the housing 190 that forms the grip 112. A rotating shaft 172 is rotatably supported by the upper bearing member 178 and the lower bearing member 179. A disk 170 is attached to the lower end of the rotating shaft 172, and the rotation of the disk 170 is detected by a rotation angle sensor 168 (consisting of an LED and a phototransistor) (see FIG. 12). Therefore, the rotation angle of the rotation shaft 172 can be detected by the rotation angle sensor 168.

  Returning to FIG. 14, a spring 192 and a washer 194 are disposed between the upper bearing member 178 and the rotating shaft 172. Since the spring 192 is disposed in a pre-compressed state, a thrust load acts on the rotating shaft 172 from the washer 194. For this reason, a frictional force is generated between the rotating shaft 172 and the washer 194, and the rotating shaft 172 is not easily rotated by this frictional force.

The rotary knob 110 is assembled to the rotary shaft 172 described above so as to be slidable in the axial direction and not relatively movable in the rotational direction. For this reason, when the rotary knob 110 is rotated, the rotary shaft 172 is also rotated. On the other hand, even if the rotary knob 110 is moved in the axial direction, the rotary shaft 172 is not moved. Since the rotary knob 110 and the rotary shaft 172 rotate together, the rotation angle of the rotary knob 110 is detected by the rotation angle sensor 168. Further, since a frictional force is applied to the rotating shaft 172, the rotating knob 110 will not rotate unless a certain amount of force is applied.
A lid 174 is attached to the upper surface of the rotary knob 110. A spring 180 is accommodated between the rotary knob 110 and the lid 174 via a washer 184. A rotating shaft 172 is inserted into the washer 184 and the spring 180. As is apparent from the figure, when the rotary knob 110 moves in the axial direction, one washer 184 moves with the rotary knob 110, but the other washer 184 cannot be moved by the spacer 177. For this reason, when the rotary knob 110 moves in the axial direction, the rotary knob 110 is biased to the neutral position by the spring 110.
The lower bearing member 179 is provided with a position sensor 182 for detecting the movement amount (position) of the rotary knob 110 in the axial direction. The position sensor 182 is an optical sensor having a light projecting unit and a light receiving unit. The light projecting unit irradiates the object (reflecting plate) with light, and the light receiving unit receives reflected light reflected from the object. And the distance with a target object is measured from the voltage of the signal output from a light-receiving part. In this embodiment, a reflecting plate is attached to the bottom surface of the rotary knob 110, and the position sensor 182 detects the distance from the reflecting plate.

  FIG. 15 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a control system that controls the ophthalmologic apparatus 10. The ophthalmic apparatus 10 is controlled by the controller 200. The controller 200 is configured by a microcomputer (microprocessor) including a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and the like. The controller 200 is connected to switches such as the measurement switch 30 and the operation panel 32, and is connected to the measurement unit 42, the monitor 18, motors 68, 88, 104, and the like. When the measurement switch 30 is operated, the controller 200 operates the measurement unit 42 to inspect the eye to be examined. When the switches 33 to 39 on the operation panel 32 are operated, the controller 200 executes a program corresponding to the operated switch. For example, when the packing switch 33 is operated, the controller 200 drives the motors 68, 88, and 104 to move the measurement unit 42 (measurement unit 16) to a predetermined packing position.

In addition, a rotation angle sensor 168 that detects the amount of rotation of the rotary knob 110 and a position sensor 182 that detects the amount of movement (position) of the rotary knob 110 in the axial direction are connected to the controller 200. The controller 200 drives the motor 88 based on the rotation amount of the rotation knob 110 detected by the rotation angle sensor 168 or the movement amount in the axial direction of the rotation knob 110 detected by the position sensor 182. Therefore, the inspector can move the measurement unit 42 (measurement unit 16) in the vertical direction by rotating or sliding the rotary knob 110 in the axial direction.
Here, the controller 200 slightly moves (position control) the measurement unit 42 based on the rotation amount detected by the rotation angle sensor 168. That is, as shown in FIG. 16, the position of the measurement unit 42 is changed based on the amount of rotation detected by the rotation angle sensor 168 (the amount of rotation of the rotary knob 110). On the other hand, the controller 200 coarsely moves (speed-controls) the measurement unit 42 based on the position of the rotary knob 110 detected by the position sensor 182. That is, as shown in FIG. 17, the moving speed of the measurement unit 42 is changed based on the position of the rotary knob 110 detected by the position sensor 182. Therefore, the inspector can finely move the measurement unit 42 in the vertical direction by rotating the rotary knob 110, and can roughly move the measurement unit 42 in the vertical direction by moving the rotary knob 110 in the axial direction (that is, up and down). .

As for the movement of the measurement unit 42 in the front-rear direction, the fine movement operation and the coarse movement operation can be performed in the same manner as the movement of the measurement unit 42 in the vertical direction. That is, the controller 200 includes a rotation angle sensor 124 that detects a tilt angle in the front-rear direction of the joystick device 24 (that is, the operation rod shaft 114) and a position in the front-rear direction of the joystick device 24 (that is, the second slide plate 144). A position sensor 156 is connected to detect. The controller 200 drives the motor 68 based on the tilt angle detected by the rotation angle sensor 124 or the slide position detected by the position sensor 156. Therefore, the inspector can move the measurement unit 42 in the front-rear direction by tilting or sliding the joystick device 24 in the front-rear direction.
Here, the controller 200 finely moves (position control) the measurement unit 42 based on the tilt angle detected by the rotation angle sensor 124, and coarsely moves the measurement unit 42 based on the slide position detected by the position sensor 156 (position control). Speed control). Therefore, the inspector can finely move the measurement unit 42 back and forth by tilting the joystick device 24 back and forth, and slide the joystick device 24 (that is, the slide member 28) back and forth to move the measurement unit 42 back and forth. Coarse movement is possible.

Similarly, the movement of the measurement unit 42 in the left-right direction can be performed with a fine movement and a coarse movement. That is, the controller 200 is connected to a rotation angle sensor 126 that detects the tilt angle of the joystick device 24 in the left-right direction and a position sensor 154 that detects the position of the joystick device 24 in the left-right direction. The controller 200 drives the motor 104 based on the tilt angle detected by the rotation angle sensor 126 or the slide position detected by the position sensor 154. Therefore, the inspector can move the measurement unit 42 left and right by tilting or sliding the joystick device 24 left and right.
Here, the controller 200 finely moves (position control) the measurement unit 42 based on the tilt angle detected by the rotation angle sensor 126 and coarsely moves the measurement unit 42 based on the slide position detected by the position sensor 154 (position control). Speed control). Therefore, the inspector can finely move the measurement unit 42 left and right by tilting the joystick device 24 right and left, and slide the joystick device 24 (that is, the slide member 28) left and right to move the measurement unit 42 left and right. Coarse movement is possible.

  As apparent from the above description, in the ophthalmologic apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, the examiner holds the grip 112 of the joystick device 24 with his hand and places his hand on the slide member 28, so that the joystick device 24 (operating rod) The shaft 114) can be tilted and slid in the front, rear, left and right directions. For this reason, the inspector can finely and coarsely move the measurement unit 42 in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction while holding the grip 112 of the joystick device 24. The inspector can finely or coarsely move the measurement unit 42 up and down by sliding or rotating the rotary knob 110 arranged on the grip 112 of the joystick device 24 in the axial direction.

Furthermore, in the ophthalmologic apparatus 10 of the present embodiment, since the coarse movement operation and the fine movement operation of the joystick device 24 are independent and different operations, the measurement unit 42 is finely moved back and forth, left and right, and up and down from the position moved by the coarse movement operation. Can be made. Therefore, in the ophthalmologic apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to perform alignment with respect to the eye to be examined by an easier operation as compared with the ophthalmologic apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1. This will be specifically described with reference to an example in which the measurement unit is moved in one direction (for example, the right side) to perform alignment.
In the ophthalmologic apparatus of Patent Document 1, first, the examiner largely tilts the joystick to the right side to roughly move the measurement unit to the right side. When the rough alignment of the measurement unit is completed, the inspector stops tilting the joystick (the force applied to the joystick is set to 0). Since the restoring force and the frictional force are acting on the Gistech, the joystick stops at a predetermined angle to the right. At this time, if the measurement unit has moved too far to the right side, the measurement unit can be finely moved to the left side by tilting the joystick slightly to the left side to align the measurement unit. On the other hand, if the measurement unit does not move to the right, the measurement unit must be moved slightly to the right, but the joystick is tilted to the right. Therefore, if the joystick is further tilted to the right from this state, the measurement unit moves coarsely and the measurement unit cannot be moved finely. Therefore, in order to prevent such a situation, the inspector must always move the measuring unit to an excessively moved state when coarsely moving, or quickly return the joystick to a vertical state when stopping the coarse movement. There is.
On the other hand, in the ophthalmologic apparatus 10 of the present embodiment, the joystick device 24 can be slid to the right while the joystick device 24 is in the vertical state, and the measurement unit 42 can be coarsely moved to the right. Since the joystick device 24 is in a vertical state when the coarse movement of the measurement unit 42 is stopped, if the measurement unit 42 does not move to the right side, the joystick device 24 is tilted to the right side, and the measurement unit 42 is further moved to the right side. Can be finely moved. Therefore, the inspector can align the measuring unit 42 without performing a special operation.

As described above, in the ophthalmologic apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, when the measurement unit 42 (measurement unit 16) is finely or coarsely moved in the front / rear, left / right, and upper / lower directions, the joystick device 24 is operated in different modes. Manipulate. Therefore, the operation unit 42 can be finely or coarsely moved as intended by the operator, and erroneous operation of the joystick device 24 can be prevented.
Further, when the measurement unit 42 is finely moved, a frictional force acts on the operation rod shaft 114 or the rotary knob 110 of the joystick device 24, and these members are held at the positions after the operation. On the other hand, when the measurement unit 42 is coarsely moved, a restoring force is applied to return the operating rod 114 (specifically, the slide member 28) of the joystick device 24 or the rotary knob 110 to the neutral position. Therefore, since the measurement unit 42 can be coarsely or finely moved in the same operation manner as that in an ophthalmologic apparatus not equipped with a conventional electric drive device, an easy-to-use ophthalmologic apparatus can be obtained without giving a sense of incongruity to the examiner. Can be provided.
Further, by providing a packing switch 33 on the operation panel 32, it is possible to alert the user and prevent the measuring unit 16 from being moved to a predetermined packing position during transportation. Further, when the packing switch 33 is operated, the measurement unit 42 (measurement unit 16) is moved to a predetermined packing position by the controller 200, so that the packing operation can be facilitated and shortened.
Further, since the three drive sources 68, 88, 104 for driving the measurement unit 42 in the XYZ directions are fixed to one plate member 58, the drive device 40 is unitized and assembly work / maintenance is improved. . Further, since the three drive sources 68, 88, 104 are fixed to one plate member 58, the positions of the drive sources 68, 88, 104 with respect to the plate member 58 even if each drive source 68, 88, 104 is driven. The driving device 40 can be reduced in size without changing.

As mentioned above, although several Example of this invention was described in detail, these are only illustrations and do not limit a claim. The technology described in the claims includes various modifications and changes of the specific examples illustrated above.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the moving speed of the measurement unit (that is, the moving speed during coarse movement) is changed according to the amount of slide operation of the joystick device, but the present invention is not limited to such an example. For example, when the joystick device is slid, the measurement unit may be moved at a constant speed in the sliding direction.
In such a case, a sensor for detecting whether or not the joystick device has been slid is provided, and the controller can coarsely move the measurement unit at a constant speed according to the output from the sensor. As such a sensor, the position sensor (optical sensor) of the above-described embodiment can be used as it is. That is, according to the output from the position sensor, the controller determines whether (1) the joystick device is slid to one side, (2) is slid to the other side, or (3) is maintained at the neutral position. To do. When it is determined that the joystick device is slid to one side, the measurement unit is coarsely moved to one side at a constant speed. When it is determined that the joystick device is slid to the other side, the measurement unit is fixed to the other side. Coarse at speed. In addition, a magnetic sensor etc. can also be used for such a sensor besides an optical sensor.
The technical elements described in this specification or the drawings exhibit technical usefulness alone or in various combinations, and are not limited to the combinations described in the claims at the time of filing. In addition, the technology illustrated in the present specification or the drawings achieves a plurality of objects at the same time, and has technical utility by achieving one of the objects.

1 is a perspective view of an ophthalmologic apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a front view of the ophthalmologic apparatus shown in FIG. FIG. 2 is a side view of the ophthalmologic apparatus shown in FIG. 1 (however, illustration of a face holder is omitted). It is a figure which shows the positional relationship of a face holder, a measurement unit, and a joystick apparatus. The figure which expands and shows an operation panel. It is the partially broken sectional view which looked at the drive device from the subject side. It is a side view of a drive device. It is a rear view of a drive device. It is a perspective view of a joystick device. It is the figure which looked at the joystick device from the inspector side. It is a side view of a joystick apparatus. It is sectional drawing of FIG. It is sectional drawing when a joystick is seen from the subject side. It is a figure which expands and shows the assembly | attachment state to the grip of a rotation knob. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the control system which controls the ophthalmologic apparatus of this embodiment. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the operation angle of an operation member when moving a measurement apparatus finely, and the movement distance of a measurement unit. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the operation position of an operation member when moving a measuring apparatus roughly, and the moving speed of a measurement unit.

Explanation of symbols

10. Ophthalmic device 12. Base 16. Measuring unit 18 Monitor 20 Face receiver 24 Joystick device 28 Slide member

Claims (5)

An ophthalmologic apparatus that performs an inspection by aligning an inspection unit at a predetermined position with respect to an eye to be examined,
Base and
A driving device for moving the inspection unit in the X, Y, and Z directions with respect to the base;
An operating device operated by an inspector;
A detection device for detecting an operation amount input to the operation device;
A control device that drives the drive device based on the operation amount detected by the detection device,
The operating device includes an operating member for moving the inspection unit in at least one of the X, Y, and Z directions,
The operation member, to move the examination unit in a first direction, for the first direction, tiltable in respect to the base, and are slidable relative to the base,
The detection device includes a first sensor that detects a tilt angle of the operation member with respect to the first direction, and a second sensor that detects a slide position of the operation member,
The control device (1) finely moves the inspection unit in the first direction based on the operation amount detected by one of the first sensor and the second sensor, and (2) the first sensor and the second sensor. An ophthalmologic apparatus characterized in that the examination unit is coarsely moved in the first direction based on an operation amount detected by the other sensor. The operation member is a joystick for moving the inspection unit in the X and Y directions with respect to the base,
The joystick can tilt with respect to the base in each of the X and Y directions, and can slide with respect to the base.
The detection device includes a first sensor that detects a tilt angle of the joystick and a second sensor that detects a slide position of the joystick in each of the X and Y directions. The ophthalmic device described. An ophthalmologic apparatus that performs an inspection by aligning an inspection unit at a predetermined position with respect to an eye to be examined,
Base and
A driving device for moving the inspection unit in the X, Y, and Z directions with respect to the base;
An operating device operated by an inspector;
A detection device for detecting an operation amount input to the operation device;
A control device that drives the drive device based on the operation amount detected by the detection device,
The operation device includes an operation member for moving the inspection unit in one of the X, Y, and Z directions,
The operation member is rotatable with respect to the rotation axis, and is slidable in the rotation axis direction.
The detection device includes a first sensor that detects a rotation angle of the operation member, and a second sensor that detects a position of the operation member in the rotation axis direction,
The control device (1) slightly moves the inspection unit based on the operation amount detected by one of the first sensor and the second sensor, and (2) is detected by the other sensor of the first sensor and the second sensor. An ophthalmologic apparatus characterized by coarsely moving an inspection unit based on a manipulated amount.   The control device (a) controls the position of the inspection unit based on the detected operation amount when finely moving the drive device, and (b) based on the detected operation amount when coarsely moving the drive device. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the moving speed of the examination unit is controlled.   The operating device includes a friction mechanism for maintaining the operation member in a position after the operation when the operation member is operated with a degree of freedom regarding the fine movement operation, and the operation member is operated with a degree of freedom regarding the coarse movement operation. The ophthalmic apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising an urging unit that sometimes returns the operation member to a neutral position.

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