JP4617725B2 - Differential equipment for four-wheel drive vehicles - Google Patents

Differential equipment for four-wheel drive vehicles Download PDF

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JP4617725B2
JP4617725B2 JP2004166289A JP2004166289A JP4617725B2 JP 4617725 B2 JP4617725 B2 JP 4617725B2 JP 2004166289 A JP2004166289 A JP 2004166289A JP 2004166289 A JP2004166289 A JP 2004166289A JP 4617725 B2 JP4617725 B2 JP 4617725B2
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oil temperature
lubricating oil
differential
vehicle
carrier
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JP2005344863A (en
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英治 三戸
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Mazda Motor Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0412—Cooling or heating; Control of temperature
    • F16H57/0413—Controlled cooling or heating of lubricant; Temperature control therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0412—Cooling or heating; Control of temperature
    • F16H57/0415—Air cooling or ventilation; Heat exchangers; Thermal insulations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/52—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with devices affected by abnormal or undesired conditions
    • F16C19/525—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with devices affected by abnormal or undesired conditions related to temperature and heat, e.g. insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/54—Systems consisting of a plurality of bearings with rolling friction
    • F16C19/546—Systems with spaced apart rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing
    • F16C19/547—Systems with spaced apart rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing with two angular contact rolling bearings
    • F16C19/548—Systems with spaced apart rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing with two angular contact rolling bearings in O-arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2361/00—Apparatus or articles in engineering in general
    • F16C2361/61—Toothed gear systems, e.g. support of pinion shafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6637—Special parts or details in view of lubrication with liquid lubricant
    • F16C33/6659—Details of supply of the liquid to the bearing, e.g. passages or nozzles

Description

本発明は、車両用ディファレンシャル装置の潤滑油の油温を検出する油温検出構造に関するものである。   The present invention relates to an oil temperature detection structure for detecting the temperature of lubricating oil in a vehicle differential device.

従来より、例えば、四輪駆動車において、車両後側のディファレンシャル装置に油温検出手段を設け、ディフキャリア内に貯留された潤滑油の油温を検出する油温検出構造は知られている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。この油温検出構造では、油温検出手段から得られる温度検出情報に基づいて前輪と後輪の駆動力の配分を調整してディファレンシャル装置内の潤滑油の油温の上昇を防いでいる。   2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, in a four-wheel drive vehicle, an oil temperature detection structure for detecting oil temperature of lubricating oil stored in a differential carrier by providing an oil temperature detection means in a differential device on the rear side of the vehicle is known ( For example, see Patent Document 1). In this oil temperature detection structure, the distribution of the driving force of the front wheels and the rear wheels is adjusted based on the temperature detection information obtained from the oil temperature detection means to prevent the oil temperature of the lubricating oil in the differential device from rising.

上記ディファレンシャル装置の上方には、該ディファレンシャル装置を支持するサスペンションクロスメンバなどが設けられているため、油温検出手段をディフキャリアの上壁側に設けることができず、例えば、特許文献２に示されているように、ディフキャリア内のオイル溜まりの下部に設けている。
特開２００３−１３６９９０号公報 特開平０６−２６５５４号公報 Since a suspension cross member or the like for supporting the differential device is provided above the differential device, the oil temperature detecting means cannot be provided on the upper wall side of the differential carrier. As shown, it is provided in the lower part of the oil reservoir in the diff carrier.
JP 2003-136990 A JP-A-06-26554

しかしながら、従来のディファレンシャル装置では、ディフキャリア内のオイル溜まりの下部に貫通するように設けたカバーに、油温検出手段を下方から挿入し、そのセンサ部をオイル溜まりに浸すように配置している。このオイル溜まりは種々の影響を受ける。車両の加減速による車両前後加速度、車両の操舵による横加速度、車両走行路面の勾配によりオイル溜まりのオイルレベルは大きく変動する。また、ディファレンシャル装置内の潤滑油温度の変動によりオイルの体積が変化することでオイル溜まりのオイルレベルは大きく変動する。さらに、ディファレンシャル装置内のリングギヤによるオイル掻き揚げ量がリングギヤの回転数により変化することにより、オイル溜まりのオイルレベルは大きく変動する。このため、車両が傾斜した場合にセンサ部が潤滑油に十分に浸されず、正確な油温が検出できないという問題がある。 However, in the conventional differential equipment, a cover provided so as to penetrate the bottom of the oil reservoir in the diffractogram carrier, inserting the oil temperature detection means from below, the sensor unit is arranged so as to immerse the oil reservoir ing. This oil sump is affected in various ways. The oil level in the oil reservoir varies greatly depending on the vehicle longitudinal acceleration due to vehicle acceleration / deceleration, the lateral acceleration due to vehicle steering, and the gradient of the vehicle traveling road surface. Further, the oil level in the oil reservoir varies greatly due to the change in the volume of the oil due to the variation in the temperature of the lubricating oil in the differential device. Furthermore, the oil level of the oil sump varies greatly as the amount of oil lifted by the ring gear in the differential device varies depending on the rotation speed of the ring gear. For this reason, when a vehicle inclines, there exists a problem that a sensor part is not fully immersed in lubricating oil and an exact oil temperature cannot be detected.

さらに、ディフキャリアの下部に油温検出手段が設けられているため、車輪などからの飛び石が該油温検出手段に衝突して故障するという問題もある。   Further, since the oil temperature detecting means is provided in the lower part of the diff carrier, there is a problem that a stepping stone from a wheel or the like collides with the oil temperature detecting means and breaks down.

本発明は、かかる点に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、油温検出手段の配置位置に工夫を加えることで、オイル溜まりのオイルレベル変動に左右されない確実な油温検出ができると共に、飛び石が衝突せず、故障し難い四輪駆動車のディファレンシャル装置を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and the object of the present invention is to reliably detect the oil temperature without being influenced by the oil level fluctuation in the oil reservoir by adding a device to the arrangement position of the oil temperature detecting means. it is, stepping stones do not collide, it is to provide a differential equipment failure hardly four-wheel drive vehicle.

上記の目的を達成するために、この発明では、油温検出手段のセンサ部をディフキャリア内の潤滑油案内部に設けるようにした。   In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, the sensor portion of the oil temperature detecting means is provided in the lubricating oil guide portion in the diff carrier.

具体的には、第１の発明では、ディフキャリア内に回転自在に設けたリングギヤの下部をディフキャリアの底部に溜めた潤滑油中に浸けることにより、該潤滑油をディフキャリア内上部に跳ね上げ、ドライブピニオン軸をディフキャリアに軸支するドライブピニオン用軸受に供給する四輪駆動車のディファレンシャル装置を対象とする。 Specifically, in the first invention, the lower part of the ring gear rotatably provided in the diff carrier is immersed in the lubricating oil stored in the bottom of the diff carrier, so that the lubricating oil jumps up to the upper part in the diff carrier. directed to a differential equipment of a four-wheel drive vehicle to be supplied to the bearing drive pinion for rotatably supporting the drive pinion shaft to the diffusion carrier.

そして、上記四輪駆動車のディファレンシャル装置は、駆動力配分制御のためのディファレンシャル装置の油温検出手段を備え、
上記ディフキャリアは、上記ドライブピニオン軸を囲む前側部と、左右のドライブシャフトを回転可能に支持するサイドベアリングを囲む後側部と、該前側部と後側部とを連結する側面に配設された補強用リブとを備え、
上記ディフキャリア内には、上記リングギヤによって跳ね上げられた潤滑油を上記ドライブピニオン用軸受へ案内する潤滑油案内部が設けられ、上記潤滑油の油温を検出する油温検出手段のセンサ部が上記潤滑油案内部内に配置され、上記油温検出手段は、車両ハーネス側カップラ部分も含め、車両の下側から見て上記補強用リブの裏側に隠れている。 The differential device for the four-wheel drive vehicle includes oil temperature detection means for the differential device for driving force distribution control ,
The differential carrier is disposed on a front side portion that surrounds the drive pinion shaft, a rear side portion that surrounds a side bearing that rotatably supports the left and right drive shafts, and a side surface that connects the front side portion and the rear side portion. Reinforcing ribs,
In the diff carrier, a lubricating oil guide part for guiding the lubricating oil splashed up by the ring gear to the drive pinion bearing is provided, and a sensor part of an oil temperature detecting means for detecting the oil temperature of the lubricating oil is provided. The oil temperature detecting means, which is arranged in the lubricating oil guide portion, is hidden behind the reinforcing rib as seen from the lower side of the vehicle, including the vehicle harness side coupler portion .

上記の構成によると、ドライブピニオン軸が回転すると、リングギヤが回転し、該リングギヤがディフキャリア内上部に跳ね上げた潤滑油は、潤滑油案内部によって、ドライブピニオン用軸受に案内される。この潤滑油案内部内には、高速で回転するリングギヤによって跳ね上げられた潤滑油が十分に流れているため、潤滑油案内部に配置された油温検出手段のセンサ部は、上記潤滑油内に浸され、エンジン駆動中に車両が傾斜してもセンサ部の周りに常に潤滑油が存在することとなる。このため、正確に潤滑油の油温が検出されるので、ディファレンシャル装置の油温に応じた駆動力配分制御が適切に実行可能である。 According to the above configuration, when the drive pinion shaft rotates, the ring gear rotates, and the lubricating oil that the ring gear jumps up to the upper part in the differential carrier is guided to the drive pinion bearing by the lubricating oil guide portion. Since the lubricating oil splashed up by the ring gear rotating at high speed is sufficiently flowing in the lubricating oil guide section, the sensor part of the oil temperature detecting means arranged in the lubricating oil guide section is in the lubricating oil. Even if the vehicle is inclined while the engine is being driven, there will always be lubricating oil around the sensor section. For this reason, since the oil temperature of the lubricating oil is accurately detected , the driving force distribution control according to the oil temperature of the differential device can be appropriately executed .

また、潤滑油案内部を設けたことで、従来のように、油温検出手段をディフキャリア下部のオイル溜まり側に設ける必要がなく、しかも、上温検出手段は、車両ハーネス側カップラ部分も含め、そのほとんどが車両の下側から見て上記補強用リブの裏側に隠れているので、走行中の飛び石は、ディフキャリアの前側部と後側部とを連結する側面に配設した補強用リブによって防がれ、油温検出手段に飛び石が衝突しない。 Further, by providing the lubricating oil guiding portion, as in the prior art, the oil temperature detecting means must be provided to the oil reservoir side of the diffusion carrier bottom rather name Moreover, the upper temperature detecting means, also the vehicle wiring harness coupler moiety Most of them are hidden behind the reinforcing ribs as seen from the underside of the vehicle, so the stepping stones that are running are for reinforcement provided on the side connecting the front and rear sides of the diff carrier. The ribs prevent the stepping stone from colliding with the oil temperature detecting means.

第２の発明では、上記補強用リブは車幅方向に延設されており、該補強用リブに略平行に隣接するように上記油温検出手段が配置されている。 In the second invention, the reinforcing rib extends in the vehicle width direction, and the oil temperature detecting means is disposed so as to be adjacent to the reinforcing rib substantially in parallel.

上記の構成によると、油温検出手段は、補強用リブと略平行に隣接して車幅方向に延びているため、高さ方向のレイアウトがコンパクトとなり、かつ飛び石は補強用リブに衝突して油温検出手段に衝突することはない。   According to the above configuration, since the oil temperature detecting means extends in the vehicle width direction adjacent to and substantially parallel to the reinforcing rib, the layout in the height direction becomes compact, and the stepping stone collides with the reinforcing rib. There is no collision with the oil temperature detecting means.

第３の発明では、上記ドライブピニオン軸は、上記リングギヤの軸心に対して下方にオフセットして配置され、上記補強用リブは、上記ディフキャリアの前側部から後側部に向けて上方へ傾斜している構成とする。 In the third invention, the drive pinion shaft is arranged to be offset downward with respect to the axis of the ring gear, and the reinforcing rib is inclined upward from the front side portion to the rear side portion of the differential carrier. The configuration is as follows.

上記の構成によると、車両のレイアウトの関係などからドライブピニオン軸の軸心とリングギヤの軸心とがずれているため、ディフキャリアを曲げようとする方向の負荷が掛かり易いが、補強用リブをディフキャリアの前側部から後側部に向けて上方へ傾斜させているため、この補強用リブによって上記負荷に対する断面積及び断面係数が大きくなり、該負荷は、この補強用リブによって吸収される。   According to the above configuration, the axis of the drive pinion shaft and the axis of the ring gear are misaligned due to the layout of the vehicle, etc., so it is easy to apply a load in the direction to bend the diff carrier. Since the diff carrier is inclined upward from the front side portion toward the rear side portion, the cross-sectional area and the cross-section coefficient with respect to the load are increased by the reinforcing rib, and the load is absorbed by the reinforcing rib.

以上説明したように、上記第１の発明の四輪駆動車のディファレンシャル装置では、リングギヤがディフキャリア内上部に跳ね上げた潤滑油をドライブピニオン用軸受に案内する潤滑油案内部内に、油温検出手段のセンサ部を配置すると共に、この油温検出手段を車両ハーネス側カップラ部分も含め、車両の下側から見たときに、ディフキャリアの補強用リブの裏側に隠れるように配置している。このため、センサ部が潤滑油内に効果的に浸されて正確に潤滑油の油温を検出することができると共に、油温検出手段は、車両ハーネス側カップラ部分も含め、ディフキャリア下部に晒されず、油温検出手段が飛び石によって故障するのを防ぐことができる。したがって、オイル溜まりのオイルレベル変動に左右されない確実な油温検出を行って最適な駆動力配分制御をするができると共に、飛び石が衝突せず、故障し難い四輪駆動車のディファレンシャル装置が得られる。 As described above, in the differential equipment for four-wheel drive vehicle of the first invention, the lubricating oil guiding portion for guiding the lubricating oil ring gear splashed into the diffusion carrier upper part bearing the drive pinion, the oil temperature The sensor portion of the detecting means is arranged , and the oil temperature detecting means is arranged so as to be hidden behind the reinforcing ribs of the diff carrier when viewed from the lower side of the vehicle including the vehicle harness side coupler portion . . For this reason, the sensor part can be effectively immersed in the lubricating oil to accurately detect the oil temperature of the lubricating oil, and the oil temperature detecting means is exposed to the lower part of the differential carrier including the vehicle harness side coupler part. It is possible to prevent the oil temperature detecting means from being damaged by a stepping stone. Accordingly, obtained with it will be the optimal driving force distribution control performed reliably detected oil temperature is not influenced by the oil level variation of the oil reservoir, stepping stones do not collide, differential equipment failure hardly four-wheel drive vehicle is It is done.

上記第２の発明では、油温検出手段を車幅方向に延設した補強用リブに略平行に隣接するように配置している。このため、コンパクトで飛び石が衝突し難い四輪駆動車のディファレンシャル装置が得られる。 In the second aspect of the invention, the oil temperature detecting means is arranged so as to be adjacent to the reinforcing rib extending in the vehicle width direction substantially in parallel. Therefore, differential equipment of a four-wheel-drive vehicle compact stepping stone hardly collide is obtained.

上記第３の発明では、リングギヤの軸心に対して下方にオフセットして配置したドライブピニオン軸に合わせ、補強用リブをディフキャリアの前側部から後側部に向けて上方へ傾斜させている。このため、ディフキャリアに作用した負荷が補強用リブによって吸収されるので、ディフキャリアの剛性を効果的に向上させることができる。 In the third aspect of the invention, the reinforcing rib is inclined upward from the front side portion of the diff carrier toward the rear side portion in accordance with the drive pinion shaft that is arranged offset downward with respect to the axis of the ring gear. For this reason, since the load which acted on the diff carrier is absorbed by the reinforcing rib, the rigidity of the diff carrier can be effectively improved.

以下、本発明の実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。なお、以下の実施形態は、本質的に好ましい例示であって、本発明、その適用物や用途の範囲を制限することを意図するものではない。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the following embodiment is an essentially preferable illustration, Comprising: It does not intend restrict | limiting the range of this invention, its application thing, or a use.

図１〜図３に四輪駆動車の後輪のディファレンシャル装置１を示す。このディファレンシャル装置１は、車幅方向に延びる後輪のサスペンションクロスメンバ３にデフサポートブラケット５（共に図１にのみ示す）に吊り下げられた状態で固定されている。その前側には、湿式多板式の電磁クラッチ装置７が連結されている。図示しないが、この電磁クラッチ装置７には、エンジンからの駆動力が伝えられるプロペラシャフトが連結されており、この電磁クラッチ装置７により、前輪と後輪との駆動力配分が行われる。   1 to 3 show a differential device 1 for a rear wheel of a four-wheel drive vehicle. The differential device 1 is fixed to a rear wheel suspension cross member 3 extending in the vehicle width direction in a state of being suspended from a differential support bracket 5 (both shown only in FIG. 1). A wet multi-plate electromagnetic clutch device 7 is connected to the front side. Although not shown, the electromagnetic clutch device 7 is connected to a propeller shaft to which the driving force from the engine is transmitted. The electromagnetic clutch device 7 distributes the driving force between the front wheels and the rear wheels.

図４に示すように、上記ディファレンシャル装置１は、車体前後方向に延びる密閉状のディフキャリア９によって覆われている。このディフキャリア９は、前側部９ａと後側部９ｂとに前後に分割され、その内部には、潤滑油が貯留されている。その前側部９ａの内部には、２つのドライブピニオン用軸受１１が設けられ、このドライブピニオン用軸受１１によって、上記電磁クラッチ装置７からの回転数とトルクとを伝達するドライブピニオン軸１３が回転可能に支持されている。   As shown in FIG. 4, the differential device 1 is covered with a sealed differential carrier 9 extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body. The diff carrier 9 is divided into a front side portion 9a and a rear side portion 9b in the front-rear direction, and lubricating oil is stored therein. Two drive pinion bearings 11 are provided in the front side portion 9a, and the drive pinion shaft 13 that transmits the rotational speed and torque from the electromagnetic clutch device 7 is rotatable by the drive pinion bearings 11. It is supported by.

また、上記ディフキャリア９の後側部９ｂには、車幅方向に延びる軸心を有するリングギヤ２１が回転可能に配置されている。上記ドライブピニオン軸１３は、このリングギヤ２１の軸心に対して下方にオフセットして配置され、ドライブピニオンギヤ１５とリングギヤ２１とが噛み合っている。このことで、上記電磁クラッチ装置７からの回転数とトルクとが変換されて、直角方向に向きを変えてリングギヤ２１に伝達される。   A ring gear 21 having an axis extending in the vehicle width direction is rotatably disposed on the rear side portion 9b of the diff carrier 9. The drive pinion shaft 13 is arranged to be offset downward with respect to the axis of the ring gear 21, and the drive pinion gear 15 and the ring gear 21 are engaged with each other. Thus, the rotational speed and torque from the electromagnetic clutch device 7 are converted and transmitted to the ring gear 21 while changing the direction in the perpendicular direction.

図５にも示すように、上記リングギヤ２１には、デフギヤケース２３が車幅方向に延びるボルト２５によって結合されている。このデフギヤケース２３は、上記ディフキャリア９に設けた左右のサイドベアリング２７によって回転可能に支持されている。このデフギヤケース２３内には、左右のサイドギヤ２９が配置されていて、このサイドギヤ２９が左右の車輪をそれぞれ駆動するドライブシャフト３１（図４にのみ示す）に連結されている。左右のサイドギヤ２９には、デフピニオンシャフト３３に連結されたデフピニオンギヤ３５が噛み合っている。このことで、左右の車輪に回転差が生じたとき際、左右のドライブシャフト３１に差動を与えてタイヤのスリップを防止するようになっている。   As shown in FIG. 5, a differential gear case 23 is coupled to the ring gear 21 by a bolt 25 extending in the vehicle width direction. The differential gear case 23 is rotatably supported by left and right side bearings 27 provided on the differential carrier 9. In the differential gear case 23, left and right side gears 29 are arranged, and the side gears 29 are connected to drive shafts 31 (shown only in FIG. 4) for driving the left and right wheels, respectively. The left and right side gears 29 are engaged with a differential pinion gear 35 connected to a differential pinion shaft 33. Thus, when a difference in rotation occurs between the left and right wheels, a differential is given to the left and right drive shafts 31 to prevent tire slip.

そして、本発明の特徴として、図６に示すように、上記ディフキャリア９内には、上下に開口部４１ａ，４１ｂを有し、上側開口４１ａから下側開口４１ｂに向かって絞られた中空の潤滑油案内部４１が設けられている。具体的には、この潤滑油案内部４１は、ディフキャリア９内の左側上部におけるリングギヤ２１近傍に配置され、その下側開口４１ｂが上記ドライブピニオン用軸受１１側に向けられている。このことで、上記リングギヤ２１によって跳ね上げられた潤滑油は上記ドライブピニオン用軸受１１へ案内されるようになっている。   As a feature of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 6, the diff carrier 9 has openings 41a and 41b in the upper and lower sides, and is hollow that is squeezed from the upper opening 41a toward the lower opening 41b. A lubricant guide 41 is provided. Specifically, the lubricating oil guide portion 41 is disposed in the vicinity of the ring gear 21 in the upper left portion of the diff carrier 9, and the lower opening 41 b is directed to the drive pinion bearing 11 side. Thus, the lubricating oil splashed by the ring gear 21 is guided to the drive pinion bearing 11.

上記潤滑油案内部４１内には、上記潤滑油の油温を検出する油温検出手段４３のセンサ部４５が配置されている。すなわち、上記油温検出手段４３は、車両前方から見て車幅方向右側からディフキャリア９内に挿入され、その先端部にあるセンサ部４５が潤滑油案内部４１内に露出している。図１及び図２に示すように、この油温検出手段４３の後端側には、センサ側カップラ４７が設けられていて、このセンサ側カップラ４７に樹脂製の車両ハーネス側カップラ４９が結合されている。   A sensor unit 45 of oil temperature detecting means 43 for detecting the oil temperature of the lubricating oil is disposed in the lubricating oil guide unit 41. That is, the oil temperature detecting means 43 is inserted into the differential carrier 9 from the right side in the vehicle width direction when viewed from the front of the vehicle, and the sensor portion 45 at the tip thereof is exposed in the lubricating oil guide portion 41. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a sensor side coupler 47 is provided on the rear end side of the oil temperature detecting means 43, and a resin vehicle harness side coupler 49 is coupled to the sensor side coupler 47. ing.

図３に示すように、上記ディフキャリア９におけるディフキャリア９前側部９ａと後側部９ｂとを連結する側面（車両前方から見て右側面）には、第１〜第３の補強用リブ５１，５２，５３が略平行に並設されている。この補強用リブ５１，５２，５３は、車幅方向に延びると共に、ディフキャリア９の側面から見て、前側部９ａから後側部９ｂに向けて上方へ傾斜している。このことで、負荷の掛かり易いディフキャリア９の左側面の補強がされている。   As shown in FIG. 3, first to third reinforcing ribs 51 are provided on the side surface (right side as viewed from the front of the vehicle) connecting the front side portion 9 a and the rear side portion 9 b of the differential carrier 9 in the differential carrier 9. , 52, 53 are arranged in parallel. The reinforcing ribs 51, 52, 53 extend in the vehicle width direction and are inclined upward from the front side portion 9 a toward the rear side portion 9 b when viewed from the side surface of the differential carrier 9. In this way, the left side surface of the diff carrier 9 that is easily loaded is reinforced.

上記油温検出手段４３は、車幅方向に延びると共に、真ん中の第２の補強用リブ５２に略平行に隣接するように配置されている。そして、車両の下側から見た場合に、油温検出手段４３は第２の補強用リブ５２の裏側に隠れている。また、図２に示すように、飛び石の衝突に弱い樹脂製の車両ハーネス側カップラ４９部分まで第２の補強用リブ５２に隠れているのが望ましい。   The oil temperature detecting means 43 extends in the vehicle width direction and is disposed so as to be adjacent to the second reinforcing rib 52 in the middle substantially in parallel. When viewed from the lower side of the vehicle, the oil temperature detection means 43 is hidden behind the second reinforcing rib 52. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, it is desirable that the resin vehicle harness side coupler 49 which is vulnerable to the collision of stepping stones is hidden behind the second reinforcing rib 52.

−運転動作−
次に本発明の実施形態に係るディファレンシャル装置１の油温検出構造の運転動作について説明する。 -Driving action-
Next, the operation | movement operation | movement of the oil temperature detection structure of the differential apparatus 1 which concerns on embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.

車両のエンジンが駆動されると、その駆動力がプロペラシャフトに伝達され、プロペラシャフトから電磁クラッチ装置７に伝達される。そして、電磁クラッチ装置７でドライブピニオン軸１３に駆動力が分配される。   When the engine of the vehicle is driven, the driving force is transmitted to the propeller shaft, and is transmitted from the propeller shaft to the electromagnetic clutch device 7. Then, the driving force is distributed to the drive pinion shaft 13 by the electromagnetic clutch device 7.

次に、ドライブピニオンギヤ１５に噛み合ったリングギヤ２１が回転する。リングギヤ２１の回転に伴い、左側のサイドギヤ２９が回転すると共に、デフピニオンギヤ３５がデフピニオンシャフト３３と共に回転される。そして、デフピニオンギヤ３５が左右のサイドギヤ２９に対して相対的に転がりながら、右側のサイドギヤ２９に駆動力が伝達される。   Next, the ring gear 21 meshed with the drive pinion gear 15 rotates. As the ring gear 21 rotates, the left side gear 29 rotates and the differential pinion gear 35 rotates with the differential pinion shaft 33. The driving force is transmitted to the right side gear 29 while the differential pinion gear 35 rolls relative to the left and right side gears 29.

このとき、リングギヤ２１によってディフキャリア９内上部に跳ね上げられた潤滑油は、潤滑油案内部４１の上側開口４１ａから取り入れられ、潤滑油案内部４１内を流れた後、下側開口４１ｂからドライブピニオン用軸受１１に向かって流れる。この潤滑油案内部４１内の油の油温が油温検出手段４３のセンサ部４５によって検出される。   At this time, the lubricating oil splashed up by the ring gear 21 to the upper part in the differential carrier 9 is taken in from the upper opening 41a of the lubricating oil guide part 41, flows through the lubricating oil guide part 41, and then drives from the lower opening 41b. It flows toward the pinion bearing 11. The oil temperature of the oil in the lubricating oil guide part 41 is detected by the sensor part 45 of the oil temperature detecting means 43.

この検出結果より、例えば、後輪側への駆動力の配分を少なくして、油温を低くするようにするなど様々な制御が可能となる。   From this detection result, for example, various controls such as reducing the oil temperature by reducing the distribution of the driving force to the rear wheel side are possible.

−実施形態の効果−
したがって、本発明のディファレンシャル装置１の油温検出構造では、リングギヤ２１がディフキャリア９内上部に跳ね上げた潤滑油をドライブピニオン用軸受１１に案内する潤滑油案内部４１内に、油温検出手段４３のセンサ部４５を配置している。このため、センサ部４５が潤滑油内に効果的に浸されて正確に潤滑油の油温を検出することができると共に、油温検出手段４３は、ディフキャリア９下部に晒されず、油温検出手段４３が飛び石によって故障するのを防ぐことができる。したがって、オイル溜まりのオイルレベル変動に左右されない確実な油温検出ができると共に、飛び石が衝突しないディファレンシャル装置１の油温検出構造が得られる。 -Effect of the embodiment-
Therefore, in the oil temperature detecting structure of the differential device 1 of the present invention, the oil temperature detecting means is provided in the lubricating oil guide part 41 that guides the lubricating oil that the ring gear 21 jumps up to the upper part in the differential carrier 9 to the drive pinion bearing 11. 43 sensor portions 45 are arranged. For this reason, the sensor unit 45 can be effectively immersed in the lubricating oil to accurately detect the oil temperature of the lubricating oil, and the oil temperature detecting means 43 is not exposed to the lower part of the differential carrier 9 and is not exposed to the oil temperature. It is possible to prevent the detection means 43 from being damaged by a stepping stone. Therefore, it is possible to reliably detect the oil temperature regardless of the oil level fluctuation in the oil reservoir, and to obtain the oil temperature detection structure of the differential device 1 in which the stepping stones do not collide.

また、油温検出手段４３を車両の下側から見たときに、ディフキャリア９の補強用リブ５２の裏側に隠れるように配置している。このため、ディファレンシャル装置１の油温検出構造を、さらに飛び石が衝突せず、故障し難いものとすることができる。   Further, the oil temperature detecting means 43 is arranged so as to be hidden behind the reinforcing rib 52 of the diff carrier 9 when viewed from the lower side of the vehicle. For this reason, the oil temperature detection structure of the differential device 1 can be further prevented from colliding with a stepping stone and not easily failing.

また、油温検出手段４３を車幅方向に延設した補強用リブ５２に略平行に隣接するように配置している。このため、コンパクトで飛び石が衝突し難いディファレンシャル装置１の油温検出構造が得られる。   Further, the oil temperature detecting means 43 is arranged so as to be adjacent to the reinforcing rib 52 extending in the vehicle width direction substantially in parallel. For this reason, the oil temperature detection structure of the differential device 1 which is compact and hardly collides with stepping stones can be obtained.

さらに、リングギヤ２１の軸心に対して下方にオフセットして配置したドライブピニオン軸１３に合わせ、補強用リブ５２をディフキャリア９の前側部から後側部に向けて上方へ傾斜させている。このため、ディフキャリア９に作用した負荷が補強用リブ５２によって吸収されるので、ディフキャリア９の剛性を効果的に向上させることができる。   Further, the reinforcing rib 52 is inclined upward from the front side portion of the diff carrier 9 toward the rear side portion in accordance with the drive pinion shaft 13 that is arranged to be offset downward with respect to the axis of the ring gear 21. For this reason, since the load which acted on the diff carrier 9 is absorbed by the reinforcing rib 52, the rigidity of the diff carrier 9 can be effectively improved.

（その他の実施形態）
本発明は、上記実施形態について、以下のような構成としてもよい。 (Other embodiments)
The present invention may be configured as follows with respect to the above embodiment.

すなわち、上記実施形態では、車両の左側にリングギヤ２１、油温検出手段４３及び第２の補強用リブ５２を設けているが、車両の右側にリングギヤ２１がある場合には、それに合わせて右側に油温検出手段４３及び第２の補強用リブ５２を配置してもよい。   That is, in the above embodiment, the ring gear 21, the oil temperature detecting means 43, and the second reinforcing rib 52 are provided on the left side of the vehicle. The oil temperature detecting means 43 and the second reinforcing rib 52 may be arranged.

以上説明したように、本発明は、四輪駆動車のディファレンシャル装置について有用である。 As described above, the present invention is useful with a differential equipment of a four-wheel drive vehicle.

本発明の実施形態に係るディファレンシャル装置を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the differential apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. ディファレンシャル装置の平面図である。It is a top view of a differential apparatus. ディファレンシャル装置の側面図である。It is a side view of a differential apparatus. ディファレンシャル装置の平面断面図である。It is plane sectional drawing of a differential apparatus. 図２のＶ−Ｖ線断面図である。It is the VV sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 本発明の実施形態に係る油温検出構造を示す図２のVI−VI線断面図である。It is the VI-VI sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 2 which shows the oil temperature detection structure which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

１ ディファレンシャル装置
９ ディフキャリア
９ａ 前側部
９ｂ 後側部
１１ ドライブピニオン用軸受
１３ ドライブピニオン軸
２１ リングギヤ
２７ サイドベアリング
４１ 潤滑油案内部
４３ 油温検出手段
４５ センサ部
５２ 補強用リブ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Differential apparatus 9 Diff carrier 9a Front side part 9b Rear side part 11 Drive pinion bearing 13 Drive pinion shaft 21 Ring gear 27 Side bearing 41 Lubricating oil guide part 43 Oil temperature detection means 45 Sensor part 52 Reinforcing rib

Claims (3)

ディフキャリア内に回転自在に設けたリングギヤの下部をディフキャリアの底部に溜めた潤滑油中に浸けることにより、該潤滑油をディフキャリア内上部に跳ね上げ、ドライブピニオン軸をディフキャリアに軸支するドライブピニオン用軸受に供給する四輪駆動車のディファレンシャル装置において、
駆動力配分制御のためのディファレンシャル装置の油温検出手段を備え、
上記ディフキャリアは、
上記ドライブピニオン軸を囲む前側部と、
左右のドライブシャフトを回転可能に支持するサイドベアリングを囲む後側部と、
該前側部と後側部とを連結する側面に配設された補強用リブとを備え、
上記ディフキャリア内には、上記リングギヤによって跳ね上げられた潤滑油を上記ドライブピニオン用軸受へ案内する潤滑油案内部が設けられ、
上記潤滑油の油温を検出する油温検出手段のセンサ部が上記潤滑油案内部内に配置され、
上記油温検出手段は、車両ハーネス側カップラ部分も含め、車両の下側から見て上記補強用リブの裏側に隠れていることを特徴とする四輪駆動車のディファレンシャル装置。 By immersing the lower part of the ring gear rotatably provided in the diff carrier in the lubricating oil accumulated at the bottom of the diff carrier, the lubricating oil jumps up to the upper part in the diff carrier, and the drive pinion shaft is pivotally supported by the diff carrier. Oite differentially equipment of a four-wheel drive vehicle to be supplied to the bearing drive pinion,
Oil temperature detection means of a differential device for driving force distribution control ,
The diff carrier is
A front side surrounding the drive pinion shaft;
A rear side surrounding a side bearing that rotatably supports the left and right drive shafts;
A reinforcing rib disposed on a side surface connecting the front side portion and the rear side portion;
In the diff carrier, a lubricating oil guide portion for guiding the lubricating oil splashed up by the ring gear to the drive pinion bearing is provided,
A sensor part of an oil temperature detecting means for detecting the oil temperature of the lubricating oil is arranged in the lubricating oil guide part ,
The oil temperature detecting means including vehicle wiring harness coupler moiety, differential equipment of a four-wheel-drive vehicle as viewed from the lower side of the vehicle, characterized in that hidden on the back side of the reinforcing rib. 請求項１に記載の四輪駆動車のディファレンシャル装置において、
上記補強用リブは車幅方向に延設されており、該補強用リブに略平行に隣接するように上記油温検出手段が配置されていることを特徴とする四輪駆動車のディファレンシャル装置。 Oite differentially equipment for four-wheel drive vehicle according to claim 1,
The reinforcing rib is provided to extend in the vehicle width direction, differential equipment of a four-wheel drive vehicle, characterized in that the oil temperature detecting means is disposed so as to be substantially parallel adjacent to reinforcing ribs . 請求項１又は２に記載の四輪駆動車のディファレンシャル装置において、
上記ドライブピニオン軸は、上記リングギヤの軸心に対して下方にオフセットして配置され、
上記補強用リブは、上記ディフキャリアの前側部から後側部に向けて上方へ傾斜していることを特徴とする四輪駆動車のディファレンシャル装置。 Oite differentially equipment for four-wheel drive vehicle according to claim 1 or 2,
The drive pinion shaft is arranged offset downward with respect to the axis of the ring gear,
The reinforcing rib is differential equipment of a four-wheel-drive vehicle and being inclined upward toward the rear side from the front side of the diffusion carrier.
JP2004166289A 2004-06-03 2004-06-03 Differential equipment for four-wheel drive vehicles Expired - Fee Related JP4617725B2 (en)

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US9651142B2 (en) * 2013-03-11 2017-05-16 Dana Automotive Systems Group, Llc Differential carrier temperature sensing method
US9291203B2 (en) 2013-03-12 2016-03-22 Regal Beloit America, Inc. Temperature sensing grease fitting with alarm

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JPH0226362A (en) * 1988-07-12 1990-01-29 Aisin Aw Co Ltd Oil temperature detector of automatic transmission
JPH11115537A (en) * 1997-10-21 1999-04-27 Suzuki Motor Corp Fitting structure of car speed sensor
JP2000104808A (en) * 1998-09-29 2000-04-11 Suzuki Motor Corp Lubricating structure for differential gear

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0226362A (en) * 1988-07-12 1990-01-29 Aisin Aw Co Ltd Oil temperature detector of automatic transmission
JPH11115537A (en) * 1997-10-21 1999-04-27 Suzuki Motor Corp Fitting structure of car speed sensor
JP2000104808A (en) * 1998-09-29 2000-04-11 Suzuki Motor Corp Lubricating structure for differential gear

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