JP4608741B2 - Inverter device and electric washing machine or vacuum cleaner using the inverter device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an inverter device such as an air conditioner, a household device, and a rotary cooker, and an electric washing machine, which are used in general households, factories, stores, offices, and the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A circuit diagram of a vacuum cleaner having a conventional inverter device is shown in FIG.
[0003]
14 includes a commercial power source 1 of 100 V and 60 Hz, a rectifier circuit 2 connected to the commercial power source 1, and a smoothing circuit 3 connected to the output of the rectifier circuit 2. The rectifier circuit 2 is a full wave type and is constituted by diodes 4, 5, 6, and 7. The smoothing circuit 3 is constituted by a choke coil 8 and an electrolytic capacitor 9. The choke coil 8 is A steel core is formed by laminating silicon steel sheets and a copper wire is wound around an iron core, having an inductance of L = 3 mH, and a capacitor 9 having a capacitance of C = 4700 microfarads. . The inverter circuit 10 operates in response to the DC voltage V1 from the smoothing circuit 3 and includes switching elements 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16. The electric motor 17 is connected to the output of the inverter circuit 10 and has an inner rotor structure. The electric motor 17 includes stator windings 18, 19, and 20, and a rotor 21 that is located inside and rotatably provided by a bearing or the like. The rotor 21 uses a permanent magnet, and generates torque by interaction with the current flowing through the stator windings 18, 19, and 20.
[0004]
Furthermore, the electric motor 17 includes Hall ICs 22, 23, and 24, and detects the position of the magnetic pole of the rotor 21 and outputs a position detection signal.
[0005]
The control circuit 25 receives the position detection signal from the electric motor 17 and controls the switching elements 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16 in order to supply drive current from the inverter circuit 10 to the electric motor 17. is there.
[0006]
With the above configuration, the inverter device 26 is configured, and the impeller-type fan 27, which is the upper load, is connected to the rotor 21 of the electric motor 17 and rotates. 15A shows the input voltage V1, and FIG. 15A shows the waveform of the input current Iin from the commercial power source 1. The smoothing circuit 3 has a voltage pulsation (ripple) at the output of the rectification circuit 2 subjected to full-wave rectification. The frequency for pulsation (ripple frequency) is twice the frequency of the commercial power source 1 and is 120 hertz when the commercial power source 1 is 60 hertz.
[0007]
In the conventional technique, since the choke coil 8 and the capacitor 9 are provided, the ripple voltage of the input voltage V1 of the inverter circuit 10 is considerably absorbed, and the peak-to-peak is suppressed to 10 volts.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In such a conventional technique, the choke coil 8 and the capacitor 9 constituting the smoothing circuit 3 are large in weight, volume, and cost, so that the weight, volume, and cost of the apparatus are considerably increased. Had problems.
[0009]
In addition, since the waveform of the current Iin supplied from the commercial power source 1 to the apparatus is considerably deviated from the voltage waveform (sine wave) of the commercial power source 1 and the peak current is large and the power factor is low, the loss of the distribution system Has a second problem that the utilization rate of the power distribution equipment is low. In particular, since the electric motor 17 using a permanent magnet is used, an induced electromotive force corresponding to the speed is generated in the stator windings 18, 19, 20. In order to make 17 torque work effectively, it was necessary to reduce the ripple voltage of V1.
[0010]
The first problem and the second problem are the double voltage type configuration in which, for example, two electrolytic capacitors are configured in series other than the full wave type configuration of the rectifier circuit 2 shown in FIG. It was almost equivalent even in the case of.
[0011]
Moreover, since the permanent magnet is used for the rotor 21, it had the 3rd subject that it became expensive.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the first to third problems described above, the present invention provides a commercial power source and an output of the commercial power source.
Connected to the force Has a ripple with twice the frequency of the commercial power supply A rectifier circuit that outputs a pulsating voltage; A capacitor connected to the output of the rectifier circuit; An inverter circuit connected to the output of the rectifier circuit; a reluctance motor driven by the inverter circuit; the motor having a first object having a winding and a first iron core; A second object having an iron core and movable relative to the first object; In the period when the output frequency of the inverter circuit is lower than the ripple frequency of the pulsating voltage from the start-up, the input power from the commercial power source is small with respect to steady operating conditions, and the voltage smoothing effect of the capacitor is Greater than the steady operating condition, and The output frequency of the inverter circuit is greater than the ripple frequency of the pulsating voltage. The bottom value for the peak value is 50% or less. By constructing the inverter device, it is possible to realize a device having a high input power factor while reducing weight, volume and cost, and eliminating the need for an expensive permanent magnet.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In order to solve the above problems, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is connected to a commercial power source and an output of the commercial power source. Has a ripple with twice the frequency of the commercial power supply A rectifier circuit that outputs a pulsating voltage; A capacitor connected to the output of the rectifier circuit; An inverter circuit connected to the output of the rectifier circuit; a reluctance motor driven by the inverter circuit; the motor having a first object having a winding and a first iron core; A second object having an iron core and movable relative to the first object; In the period when the output frequency of the inverter circuit is lower than the ripple frequency of the pulsating voltage from the start-up, the input power from the commercial power source is small with respect to steady operating conditions, and the voltage smoothing effect of the capacitor is Greater than the steady operating condition, and The output frequency of the inverter circuit is greater than the ripple frequency of the pulsating voltage. The bottom value for the peak value is 50% or less. Thus, a small and inexpensive inverter device is realized.
[0014]
The invention according to claim 2 includes the inverter device according to claim 1 and a speed reduction mechanism having a predetermined speed reduction ratio. During washing, power is supplied from the output of the electric motor through the speed reduction mechanism to perform dehydration. Sometimes, the electric washing machine can be configured as a small and low-cost electric motor by rotating the dehydrating tank without decelerating the output of the electric motor.
[0015]
Moreover, the invention described in claim 3 is a suction fan for an electric vacuum cleaner driven by the inverter device described in claim 1. Have With this configuration, the configuration of the inverter device is simple and high-speed rotation can be obtained. The rotating drive unit is low in cost and light and small, and this small motor constitutes a small and light vacuum cleaner.
[0016]
【Example】
Next, specific examples of the present invention will be described.
[0017]
Example 1
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a vacuum cleaner having an inverter device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
[0018]
In FIG. 1, a commercial power supply 31 of 100 V and 60 Hz and a rectifier circuit 32 connected to the commercial power supply 31 are provided. The rectifier circuit 32 is a full-wave type, is constituted by diodes 33, 34, 35, and 36, and outputs a pulsating voltage V1. Also rectifier circuit 32 Is connected to a small and lightweight plastic film type capacitor 37 having a capacitance of 4.7 microfarads.
[0019]
The inverter circuit 38 operates by receiving the pulsating voltage V1 from the rectifier circuit 32.
A switching element 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44 constituted by a MOSFET and a silicon type diode 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 are constituted.
[0020]
The electric motor 51 is connected to the output of the inverter circuit 38, and is a kind of a so-called reluctance type electric motor that uses a magnetic attraction, and belongs to a type called a switched reluctance motor.
[0021]
The electric motor 51 has three-phase windings 52, 53, 54 and a second object 55, generally called a rotor or a rotor, with magnetic irregularities.
[0022]
The control circuit 56 is a switching element 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44 at a frequency of 7 kilohertz, which is much higher than the ripple frequency 120 hertz of the pulsating voltage V1 from the rectifier circuit 32 in a steady use state. Are controlled in order by turning on and off the inverter circuit 38 to supply a drive current of 7 kilohertz to the electric motor 51 to operate at an output frequency of 7 kilohertz.
[0023]
With the above configuration, the inverter device 57 is configured, and the impeller-type blower fan 58 serving as an upper load is connected to the rotor 55 of the electric motor 51 through a direct shaft connection and rotates to operate. .
[0024]
The position detection means 59 provided in the electric motor 51 optically detects the position of the second object 55 in the rotational direction and outputs a signal corresponding to the position to the control circuit 56. Yes.
[0025]
FIG. 2 is a detailed structural diagram of the electric motor 51.
[0026]
In general, a first object 60 called a stator or a stator is composed of a first iron core 61 formed by laminating silicon steel plates, and enameled wires at portions of a total of twelve teeth 82 provided inside the first iron core 61. 12 coils 70 to 81 are provided.
[0027]
The second object 55 has a second iron core 62 which is also formed by laminating silicon steel plates, and is concentric with the first object 60 and provided so as to be rotatable relative to the first object 60. It has been.
[0028]
There are a total of twelve teeth 82 inside the first iron core 61, and the coils 70 to 81 are all wound around the teeth of the first iron core 61.
[0029]
In particular, in this embodiment, the centers of the twelve coils are not all provided at the same angle, but the angle between the teeth and the center of the teeth is separated by alternately repeating two types of angles. It has become the composition which has.
[0030]
That is, the angle between the coils 70 and 71 is 25.7 degrees, the angle between the coils 71 and 72 is 34.3 degrees, the angle between the coils 72 and 73 is 25.7 degrees, The angle between the coils 73 and 74 is 34.3 degrees, the angle between the coils 74 and 75 is 25.7 degrees, the angle between the coils 75 and 76 is 34.3 degrees, and the coil 76 , 77 is 25.7 degrees, the angle between the coils 77, 78 is 34.3 degrees, the angle between the coils 78, 79 is 25.7 degrees, and the coils 79, 80 Is 34.3 degrees, the angle between the coils 80 and 81 is 25.7 degrees, and the angle between the coils 81 and 70 is 34.3 degrees.
[0031]
Here, 25.7 degrees is a value obtained by dividing 360 degrees by 14 (the number of teeth of the second object 55), and 34.3 degrees is an angle obtained by subtracting 25.7 degrees from 60 degrees. .
[0032]
Note that 60 degrees is an angle obtained by dividing 360 degrees by 6.
[0033]
FIG. 3 is a connection diagram of the windings 52, 53, and 54 of the electric motor 51 of the present embodiment.
[0034]
The U-phase winding 52 is configured by connecting coils 70, 71, 76, and 77 in series, and the V-phase winding 53 is configured by connecting coils 72, 73, 78, and 79 in series. The W-phase winding 54 has a three-phase configuration in which coils 74, 75, 80, and 81 are connected in series.
[0035]
In FIG. 3, the black circles attached to the coils indicate the polarity of the coils, and when current is supplied from the terminal on the side where the black circles are attached to the coils, the side facing the second object, That is, it shows that an N pole is generated inside.
[0036]
Therefore, for example, the adjacent coils 70 and 71 of the U phase generate N pole and S pole on the inner side by supplying current from the U1 terminal, and similarly, the coils 76 and 77 also have N pole and S pole, respectively. In other words, coils that are adjacent in the same phase have different polarities.
[0037]
When supplying current to the U-phase winding 52, when both the switching elements 39 and 42 are turned on and the switching elements 39 and 42 are turned off, the magnetic energy stored in the inductance of the winding 52 is converted to the diode 45. , 48 are collected by the capacitor 37, and the same applies to the V phase and the W phase.
[0038]
In order to increase or decrease the value of the current supplied to each winding, for example, the switching element 39 is turned on and off at a high frequency such as 50 kHz while the switching element 42 is kept on, and the ratio of the on period ( The duty can be varied, and the operation can be performed with the characteristics on the plane of torque and speed being reduced, and the speed can be kept constant.
[0039]
In this embodiment, the phase order is U, V, and W, and when it makes one electrical turn, the motor 51 rotates clockwise by 25.7 degrees in FIG. Only after 14 rotations will the 360 degree mechanical rotation be made.
[0040]
Therefore, when the inverter device is operated at 7 kHz, the mechanical rotation is 500 rotations per second, and the blower fan 58 is driven at 30,000 r / min, so that the vacuum cleaner operates well.
[0041]
Here, when a current is supplied to each winding, the torque generated by the motor 51 is approximately equal to the square of the current value multiplied by the angular differential value of the inductance of each winding divided by two. It is necessary to supply current at the timing when the current increases and to obtain a machine output efficiently, and this is realized by the action of the position detection means 59.
[0042]
With the above configuration, in the electric vacuum cleaner of this embodiment, the inverter device 51 rotationally drives the blower fan 52 and sucks dust together with the air so that cleaning work can be performed.
[0043]
FIG. 4 is an operation waveform diagram of the smoothing circuit and the DC power supply device according to the first embodiment.
[0044]
4A shows the input voltage V1 of the inverter circuit 38 of the inverter device of the first embodiment, FIG. 4A shows the waveform of the input current Iin from the commercial power supply 31, and FIG. The waveform of one IM of the motor 51 input current is shown. The rectifier circuit 32 is an almost full-wave rectified output voltage, and has a pulsating component (ripple component) that changes between a maximum of 140 volts and 15 volts.
[0045]
The frequency for pulsation (ripple frequency) is twice the frequency of the commercial power source 1 and is 120 hertz when the commercial power source 1 is 60 hertz. In this embodiment, since the capacitance of the capacitor 37 provided at the output of the rectifier circuit 32 is small, the ripple component of the input voltage V1 of the inverter circuit 38 has a considerable amplitude.
[0046]
As shown in FIG. 4C, the current supplied to the electric motor 51 has a waveform of 1 kilohertz having an envelope that has substantially the same shape as the input voltage V1 of the inverter circuit 38.
[0047]
In this embodiment, since the electric motor 51 is configured using a reluctance type, an induced electromotive force proportional to the speed is obtained in the stator winding as in the electric motor using a permanent magnet of the prior art. Therefore, as in the case where power is supplied to the resistor, a current substantially proportional to the instantaneous value of the voltage V1 is supplied from the inverter circuit 38 to the electric motor 51, and mechanical power is supplied. .
[0048]
Therefore, the input current Iin of the apparatus from the commercial power supply 31 has a waveform that is quite close to a sine wave as shown in FIG. 4 (a), has a high power factor, and a low peak current value. It will not adversely affect other electrical equipment connected to the power supply, and the burden on the power distribution system will be small, the utilization rate of power distribution equipment will increase, and the loss can be almost minimized. . According to the experiment by the inventor, when the bottom value (the voltage value of the lowest point due to pulsation) is 50% or less with respect to the peak value of the voltage input to the inverter circuit 38, the above effect is greatly obtained. I know it will be a thing.
[0049]
Further, the plastic film type capacitor 37 used in Example 1 is smaller, lighter, lower in price and longer in life than the electrolytic type used in the prior art, and larger. Since a heavy and expensive choke coil is not used, it is very effective in reducing the size, weight, cost and reliability of the device.
[0050]
However, when it is necessary to suppress line noise or the like, for example, a normal mode or common mode choke coil can be connected in series with the input portion from the commercial power supply 31 or the output of the rectifier circuit 32. Even in such a case, the required inductance value can be reduced as compared with that used in the prior art, so that the effect of the present invention can be sufficiently achieved.
[0051]
Since the switched reluctance motor is a kind of synchronous machine, the frequency of the inverter circuit 38 is gradually increased from zero at the time of start-up, and is lower than the ripple frequency 120 Hz of the voltage across the capacitor 37. In this embodiment, since the load is the blower fan 52, the input power of the inverter device 51 immediately after startup is 15 minutes with respect to the steady operation condition because of the relationship between speed and torque. Therefore, the voltage smoothing effect by the capacitor 37 acts considerably immediately after startup.
[0052]
Therefore, the startup operation can be performed satisfactorily at startup.
[0053]
In particular, in the present embodiment, the magnetic flux generated when a current is supplied to one phase, for example, the W phase, is generated at positions separated from each other by a mechanical angle of 180 degrees as shown by a broken line in FIG. The attractive force due to the magnetic flux is symmetric with respect to the central axis, and the occurrence of vibration can be suppressed.
[0054]
Further, the magnetic flux indicated by a broken line in FIG. 2 is completed between adjacent coils having different polarities, so that the magnetic flux hardly passes near the central axis, and a hollow iron core configuration in which the iron core in this portion is eliminated. Even if it is configured to use the inside effectively, it will function sufficiently.
[0055]
However, such a winding configuration with 12 coils is not necessarily required, but a configuration of 3 coils, that is, a configuration in which each winding is provided with a mechanical angle of 120 degrees apart, a configuration of 6 coils, etc. However, if the inductance of the winding of each phase changes depending on the angle of rotation, reluctance torque will be generated and it will function as an electric motor, and the power supply will contain a large ripple Even if it is, the same operation is performed.
[0056]
(Example 2)
FIG. 5 shows a configuration diagram of the electric motor 51 in the second embodiment. The configuration of the first iron core 85 and the second iron core 86 is set such that the number of teeth 82 of the first iron core is 6, and the second The number of teeth of the iron core is 4.
[0057]
In the present embodiment, the intervals between the centers of the teeth of the first iron core, that is, the intervals between the coils 87 to 92 are all equal intervals with a mechanical angle of 60 degrees.
[0058]
The coils 87 to 92 are all wound around the first iron core teeth 82.
[0059]
FIG. 6 shows a connection diagram of the electric motor of the second embodiment. That is, when a current is supplied from the U1 terminal to the U-phase winding 52, a current flows through the coils 87 and 90. The coil 87 generates a north pole on the inside because a current flows from a black circle terminal, and the coil 90 generates a south pole.
[0060]
Therefore, in this embodiment, a magnetic path that passes through the substantially central portion of the second iron core 86 is formed.
[0061]
Also in the present embodiment, since the self-inductance of each winding changes due to the rotational motion of the motor 51, reluctance torque is generated by the current of each winding and functions as a motor. It becomes.
[0062]
In the second embodiment, the configuration other than the electric motor is exactly the same as that of the first embodiment.
[0063]
Therefore, it operates as a vacuum cleaner with the above configuration.
[0064]
In this embodiment, since the motor 51 mechanically makes a quarter turn during a period of one electrical cycle, when the machine speed is 30,000 revolutions per minute, the frequency becomes 2 kilohertz. The frequency is lower than in Example 1.
[0065]
For this reason, the switching loss of the switching elements 39 to 44 of the inverter circuit 38 can be suppressed lower than that in the first embodiment, and the iron loss can be reduced.
[0066]
When the switching frequency is low, the switching elements 39 to 44 can be realized as a device having high efficiency even as an IGBT.
[0067]
(Example 3)
FIG. 7 shows a configuration diagram of the electric motor 51 according to the third embodiment. The configuration of the first iron core 93 and the second iron core 94 is set to 6 with the number of teeth 82 of the first iron core being six. Two small teeth 87a and 87b are provided for one tooth 82, that is, the total number of small teeth is 12, which is twice the number of teeth of the first iron core, that is, six. It is an integer multiple.
[0068]
Further, the number of teeth 83 of the second iron core is ten.
[0069]
Also in the present embodiment, as in the second embodiment, the distance between the centers of the teeth 82 of the first iron core, that is, the distance between the coils 87 to 92 is all equal to the mechanical angle of 60 degrees. It is wound around the tooth 82 portion.
[0070]
In the present embodiment, since the connection diagram of the electric motor is the same as that in FIG. 6, for example, when current is supplied from the U1 terminal to the U-phase winding 52, the current flows in the coils 87 and 90. No. 87 generates an N pole inward because current flows from a black circle terminal, and the coil 90 generates an S pole.
[0071]
Therefore, also in the present embodiment, a magnetic path passing through the substantially central portion of the second iron core 94 is configured.
[0072]
Also in the present embodiment, since the self-inductance of each winding changes due to the rotational motion of the motor 51, reluctance torque is generated by the current of each winding and functions as a motor. It becomes.
[0073]
Also in the third embodiment, the configuration of parts other than the electric motor is exactly the same as that of the first embodiment.
[0074]
Therefore, it operates as a vacuum cleaner with the above configuration.
[0075]
In the third embodiment, since the small teeth 87a and 87b are provided, the electric motor 51 mechanically makes 1/10 revolutions in a period of one cycle electrically, so that the machine speed is 3 per minute. If it is 10,000 revolutions, it will be 5 kilohertz.
[0076]
Example 4
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the configuration of the electric motor 51 in the fourth embodiment. The configuration of the first iron core 95 and the second iron core 96 is set to 6 as the number of teeth 82 of the first iron core. Three small teeth 87a, 87b, 87c are provided for one tooth 82, that is, the total number of small teeth is 18, which is three times the number of teeth of the first iron core. That is, it is an integer multiple.
[0077]
Further, the number of teeth 83 of the second iron core is 16.
[0078]
Also in the present embodiment, as in the second embodiment, the distance between the centers of the teeth 82 of the first iron core, that is, the distance between the coils 87 to 92 is all equal to the mechanical angle of 60 degrees. It is wound around the tooth 82 portion.
[0079]
Also in this embodiment, the connection diagram of the electric motor is the same as that shown in FIG.
When current is supplied from the U1 terminal to the coil 87, current flows through the coils 87 and 90, but since the current flows from the black circle terminal, the coil 87 generates the N pole inside, and the coil 90 generates the S pole. To do.
[0080]
Therefore, also in the present embodiment, a magnetic path passing through the substantially central portion of the second iron core 94 is configured.
[0081]
Also in the present embodiment, since the self-inductance of each winding changes due to the rotational motion of the motor 51, reluctance torque is generated by the current of each winding and functions as a motor. It becomes.
[0082]
Also in the fourth embodiment, the configuration of parts other than the electric motor is exactly the same as that of the first embodiment.
[0083]
Therefore, it operates as a vacuum cleaner with the above configuration.
[0084]
In the third embodiment, since the small teeth 87a, 87b, and 87c are provided, the electric motor 51 mechanically makes 1/16 turn during a period of one electrical cycle, and the machine speed is 30,000 per minute. In the case of rotation, it is 8 kilohertz.
[0085]
(Example 5)
FIG. 9 shows a configuration diagram of the electric motor 51 in the fifth embodiment. In the configuration of the first iron core 97 and the second iron core 98, the number of the first iron core teeth 82 is set to six. Four small teeth 87a, 87b, 87c, 87d are provided for one tooth 82. That is, the total number of small teeth is 24, which is four times the number of teeth of the first iron core. , Ie, an integer multiple.
[0086]
Further, the number of teeth 83 of the second iron core is set to 22.
[0087]
Also in the present embodiment, as in the second embodiment, the distance between the centers of the teeth 82 of the first iron core, that is, the distance between the coils 87 to 92 is all equal to the mechanical angle of 60 degrees. It is wound around the tooth 82 portion.
[0088]
Also in this embodiment, the connection diagram of the electric motor is the same as in FIG. 6. For example, when current is supplied from the U1 terminal to the U-phase winding 52, current flows through the coils 87 and 90. Since the current flows from the black circle terminal, the N pole is generated inside, and the coil 90 generates the S pole.
[0089]
Therefore, also in the present embodiment, a magnetic path passing through the substantially central portion of the second iron core 98 is configured.
[0090]
Also in the present embodiment, since the self-inductance of each winding changes due to the rotational motion of the motor 51, reluctance torque is generated by the current of each winding and functions as a motor. It becomes.
[0091]
Also in the fourth embodiment, the configuration of parts other than the electric motor is exactly the same as that of the first embodiment.
[0092]
Therefore, it operates as a vacuum cleaner with the above configuration.
[0093]
In the third embodiment, since the small teeth 87a, 87b, 87c, 87d are provided, the electric motor 51 mechanically makes 1/22 rounds in a period of one cycle electrically, and the machine speed is increased per minute. If it is 30,000 revolutions, it will be 11 kilohertz.
[0094]
As described above, when the output frequency of the inverter circuit 38 is high, the on / off frequency of the switching elements 39 to 44 of the inverter circuit 38 also becomes high. Further, when control by PWM or chopping is added, the switching frequency is Furthermore, since this embodiment uses MOSFETs as switching elements, turn-on loss and turn-off loss can be suppressed to low values even in high-frequency switching operations. Thus, a highly efficient device can be realized.
[0095]
(Example 6)
FIG. 10 shows a configuration diagram of an electric washing machine according to the sixth embodiment.
[0096]
In the sixth embodiment, the output of the inverter device 57 in which the electric motor 51 is provided in the inverter circuit 38 shown in the first embodiment is used.
[0097]
In this embodiment, it has a second object 100, a washing blade 101 that rotates during washing, and a dewatering tank 102 that rotates during dehydration.
[0098]
Further, a water receiving tank 103 is provided outside the dehydrating tank 102 by being suspended from the housing of the apparatus by a total of four support bars 104.
[0099]
The rotation of the washing blade 101 and the dewatering tub 102 are both transmitted to the washing shaft 115 during washing and to the dewatering shaft 116 during dehydration by switching the connection of the clutch 106 by rotating the connection of the clutch 106. The rotation of the washing blade 101 and the dewatering tub 102 is the same rotation axis. During washing, the washing blade 101 and the washing shaft 115 are driven at the same rotational speed as the electric motor 51, and during dehydration, the dewatering tank 102 and the dehydrating shaft 116 are the same speed as the electric motor 51, similarly to the washing blade 101. It is to be driven by.
[0100]
FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the configuration of the electric motor 51 in the sixth embodiment. The configuration of the first iron core 107 and the second iron core 108 is set such that the number of teeth 82 of the first iron core is twelve. Four small teeth 70a, 70b, 70c, 70d are provided for the tooth 82, that is, the total number of small teeth is 48, which is four times the number 12 of teeth of the first iron core, That is, it is an integer multiple.
[0101]
The number of teeth 83 of the second iron core is 46.
[0102]
As in the first embodiment, the coils 70 to 81 are all wound around the tooth portion 82 of the first iron core.
[0103]
Also in this embodiment, the connection diagram of the electric motor is the same as that shown in FIG.
[0104]
Therefore, in the electric motor 51, the number of teeth of the first iron core 107 is 12, and coils 70 to 81 are provided on each tooth.
[0105]
One phase winding has a three-phase configuration in which four coils are connected in series, and adjacent coils in the same phase, such as U-phase coils 70 and 71, have different polarities. It is connected to become.
[0106]
Also in the present embodiment, as in the first embodiment, there is no magnetic flux passing through the central portion of the second iron core 108, so the shape of the second iron core 108 is a cavity.
[0107]
Therefore, it is possible to provide a bearing configuration such as a bearing in the cavity, or a configuration such as a clutch for connecting and disconnecting the dewatering tank 102, and a configuration suitable for realizing a small electric washing machine. It has become something that can be.
[0108]
Also in the present embodiment, since the self-inductance of each winding changes due to the rotational motion of the motor 51, reluctance torque is generated by the current of each winding and functions as a motor. It becomes.
[0109]
Also in the present embodiment, the configuration of parts other than the electric motor is exactly the same as that of the first embodiment.
[0110]
Therefore, the output of the electric motor 51 is transmitted to the washing blade 101 and the dewatering tub 102 through the shaft directly by the above-described configuration, thereby operating as a fully automatic electric washing machine.
[0111]
In particular, since the rotation axis of the washing blade 101 during washing or the rotation axis of the dehydration tank 102 during dehydration and the rotation axis of the electric motor 51 are the same rotation axis, the electric motor 51 can be positioned at the lower center of the dehydration tank 102. As a result, the weight balance is good, and the effect of realizing low vibration during dehydration can be obtained.
[0112]
In the sixth embodiment, since the small teeth 70a, 70b, 70c, and 70d are provided, the electric motor 51 mechanically makes 1/46 round in a period of one cycle.
[0113]
During washing, since the speed of the washing blade 101 is 150 revolutions per minute, the machine speed of the electric motor 51 is equal to this, and the output frequency of the inverter circuit 38 is 115 Hz.
[0114]
At the time of dehydration, the rotation speed of the electric motor 51 is 900 rotations per minute, which is equal to the speed of the dehydration tank 102, and the frequency is 690 Hz.
[0115]
That is, the rotation speed of the inverter device 57 is controlled over a wide range, and the rotation of the electric motor 51 is transmitted to the washing shaft 115 or the dewatering shaft 116 at the same rotation speed during washing and dehydration, so that no reduction gear or the like is required. An electric washing machine can be configured.
[0116]
Since the reluctance motor 51 generates torque due to a change in inductance, the induced electromotive force generated in the motor becomes excessive when the speed exceeds a certain value as in a motor using only permanent magnets. Thus, the characteristic that the drive torque is zero or extremely small does not appear, and therefore, the drive condition of high speed and relatively low torque required at the time of dehydration can be realized without any problem.
[0117]
In the description of the present embodiment, the washing blade 101 is rotated during washing. However, the clutch 106 is switched, and the washing blade 101 and the dewatering tub 102 are simultaneously rotated during washing to perform washing with centrifugal force. May be. Also during the dewatering, the washing blade 101 and the dewatering tank 102 rotate at the same time.
[0118]
Thus, when the output frequency of the inverter circuit 38 is low, the switching elements 39 to 44 may be advantageous in terms of characteristics and cost.
[0119]
(Example 7)
FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a structure of a main part of the electric washing machine according to the seventh embodiment.
[0120]
In FIG. 12, the electric motor 51 is the same as that described in the sixth embodiment, and a speed reduction mechanism 117 having a sun gear 109, planetary gears 110, 111, 112, a case 113, and a ring 114 is connected to the shaft 105 thereof. The ring 114 is connected to the washing blade 101, and the case 113 is connected to the dewatering tub 102 on the same axis.
[0121]
At the time of washing, although not shown, the case 113 is fixed in the rotational direction by the brake means, and when the sun gear 109 is rotated by the shaft 105 of the electric motor 51, the planetary gears 110, 111, 112 are revolved. The ring 114 connected to the central axis of each planetary gear rotates at a speed reduced to 1/6 of the speed of the sun gear 109, and the washing blade 101 is rotationally driven from the dewatering shaft 116.
[0122]
On the other hand, during dehydration, although not shown, the case 112 is rotatable, and the case 113 is fixed to the sun gear 109 and rotated integrally by a clutch mechanism (not shown). Both the washing blade 101 and the dewatering tub 102 are directly connected to the output shaft 105 of the electric motor 51, and are all driven to rotate at the same speed.
[0123]
In addition, about the other structure in a present Example, what used the thing of the structure equivalent to Example 6 is used, and it operate | moves as an electric washing machine which performs fully automatically from washing to dehydration.
[0124]
FIG. 13 is a graph showing characteristics of the driving torque and speed acting on the washing blade 101 during washing and the dewatering tub 102 and the washing blade 101 during dehydration according to the seventh embodiment.
[0125]
At the time of dewatering, both the dewatering tub 102 and the washing blade 101 are directly connected to the shaft 105 of the electric motor 51, so that the characteristics of the electric motor 51 appear as they are, whereas at the time of washing, the speed reduction mechanism 117 is used. The speed is reduced by 1/6, and at the same time, the torque is six times the value supplied from the electric motor 51.
[0126]
Therefore, even when the washing blade is driven at the time of washing where a large torque is required, the supply torque from the electric motor 51 can be reduced to 1/6.
[0127]
However, although the speed is six times that of the washing wing, according to the experiments by the inventors, the washing wing is 150 revolutions per minute, and almost sufficient washing performance can be obtained. The speed of 900 revolutions per minute is almost the same as the speed of the dewatering tank 102 at the time of dewatering and can be easily designed. As a result, a small motor 51 with a small torque can be used. A small size and low cost are realized, and an extremely practical configuration is possible even in total with the speed reduction mechanism 117.
[0128]
In this embodiment, the speed reduction ratio of the speed reduction mechanism 117 is set to 1/6. However, this value is not necessarily required.
[0129]
Further, the configuration of the speed reduction mechanism 117 is not limited to the configuration of the present embodiment using the planetary gear, and may be a configuration using a worm gear, for example.
[0130]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is particularly connected to the commercial power source and the output of the commercial power source. Has a ripple with twice the frequency of the commercial power supply A rectifier circuit that outputs a pulsating voltage; A capacitor connected to the output of the rectifier circuit; An inverter circuit connected to the output of the rectifier circuit; a reluctance motor driven by the inverter circuit; the motor having a first object having a winding and a first iron core; A second object having an iron core and movable relative to the first object; In the period when the output frequency of the inverter circuit is lower than the ripple frequency of the pulsating voltage from the start-up, the input power from the commercial power source is small with respect to steady operating conditions, and the voltage smoothing effect of the capacitor is Greater than the steady operating condition, and The output frequency of the inverter circuit is greater than the ripple frequency of the pulsating voltage. The bottom value for the peak value is 50% or less. Thus, a small and inexpensive inverter device is realized.
[0131]
Further, the invention according to claim 2 includes the inverter device according to claim 1 and a speed reduction mechanism having a predetermined speed reduction ratio, and supplies power from the output of the motor through the speed reduction mechanism during washing, By rotating the dehydrating tank without decelerating the output of the electric motor during dehydration, an electric washing machine can be configured as a small and low-cost electric motor.
[0132]
The invention according to claim 3 is a fan that is driven by the inverter device according to claim 1. Have By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to realize a vacuum cleaner that is simple in configuration, low in cost, light in weight, small in size, and very easy to handle for cleaning work.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a vacuum cleaner having an inverter device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the electric motor 51
3 is a wiring diagram of the windings 52, 53 and 54 of the electric motor 51. FIG.
FIG. 4 shows the operation waveform diagram of each part.
FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of an electric motor 51 according to a second embodiment.
6 is a connection diagram of windings 52, 53 and 54 of the electric motor 51. FIG.
7 is a configuration diagram of an electric motor 51 in Embodiment 3. FIG.
FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of an electric motor 51 according to a fourth embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of an electric motor 51 according to a fifth embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram of an electric washing machine having an inverter device according to a sixth embodiment.
FIG. 11 is a block diagram of the electric motor 51
FIG. 12 is a main part configuration diagram of an electric washing machine according to a seventh embodiment.
FIG. 13 is a characteristic diagram of the driving torque and speed of the washing wing and the dewatering tub.
FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram of a vacuum cleaner having an inverter device in the prior art.
FIG. 15 is an operation waveform diagram of the inverter device.
[Explanation of symbols]
31 Commercial power supply
32 Rectifier circuit
38 Inverter circuit
51 electric motor
52, 53, 54 winding
61, 85, 93, 95, 97, 106 First iron core
60 First object
62, 86, 94, 96, 98, 107 Second iron core
55, 100 second object
57 Inverter device.
82 First Iron Core Teeth
87a, 87b, 87b, 87d, 70a, 70b, 70c, 70d Small teeth
70-81 coil
117 Reduction mechanism
58 Blower fan

Claims (3)

A commercial power source, a rectifier circuit connected to the output of the commercial power source and outputting a pulsating voltage having a ripple having a frequency twice that of the commercial power source, a capacitor connected to the output of the rectifier circuit, An inverter circuit connected to the output; and a reluctance motor driven by the inverter circuit, the motor having a first object having a winding and a first iron core, and a second iron core. A second object provided so as to be able to move relative to the first object, and in a period in which the output frequency of the inverter circuit is lower than the ripple frequency of the pulsating voltage from start-up, input power is small relative to the steady-state operation conditions and is greater than the smoothing effect of the voltage of the capacitor the constant operating conditions, the output frequency of the inverter circuit of the steady operation conditions Is Ri Oh large than the ripple frequency of the pulsating voltage, the inverter apparatus bottom value that Do 50% or less with respect to the peak value.   The inverter device according to claim 1 and a speed reduction mechanism having a predetermined speed reduction ratio, power is supplied from the output of the motor through the speed reduction mechanism during washing, and the output of the motor is not decelerated during dehydration. An electric washing machine that rotates the dehydration tank. Vacuum cleaner that having a blower fan for sucking driven by the inverter unit according to claim 1.

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