JP4589525B2 - Fruit protective bag and fruit cultivation method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a fruit protective bag and a fruit cultivation method used for fruit cultivation.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, in vineyards for fruits such as peaches and apples, at least the surface of the bag is protected with a waterproof layer to prevent rainwater from entering, protect the fruits from insect damage and various bacterial diseases, and grow healthy fruits. The so-called bagging work of the bag is performed.
[0003]
As a protective bag for this purpose, a bag made of paper material with low air permeability has been instructed to manage farming when the humidity in the bag increases and the quality deteriorates due to stuffiness of the fruits. A bag using a large paper material or a bag (see c in FIG. 3) with a part of the bottom cut open is used to protect insects and pathogens from entering.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, even if bagging is carried out in this way, under the present circumstances, perforated bacterial diseases, black star disease, and ash star disease etc. occur, and there are many cases of serious damage to fruits. In a partially cut bag, perforated insects such as stink bugs invaded from the cut part, and the fruits were often damaged by food.
[0005]
Therefore, the present inventors examined the properties of a plurality of paper materials of the bags used based on the past farming guidance. On average, the basis weight was about 50 g / m ² . The air permeability is about 0.2 cc / cm ² / sec (the air permeability test method is based on the JIS-L-1096 A method, the same applies hereinafter), and a part of the protective bag was viewed with a microscope. In the measurement based on the enlarged view of FIG. 3 (reference length L is 50 μm), the fine pores of 25 to 50 μm (see the enlarged view of FIG. The paper material has a filter function by having this fine pore.) It was found that b was dispersed.
[0006]
And, in order to prevent the increase in humidity and the stuffiness of fruits, increasing the fine pores to increase the air permeability leads to a significant decrease in the function as a defense filter against pathogenic bacteria. It was determined that bacteria, black spot fungus, asbestos fungus, other pathogenic fungi, spores, etc. invaded the bag, making it easy for disease to occur.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Based on this judgment, the present inventors are provided with a waterproof layer on at least the bag surface so as to overturn the conventional idea that enhancing the breathability of the paper material is important for growing healthy fruits. As the paper material, we selected a variety of paper materials with lower breathability than before, and using a protective bag made of this paper material, and without cutting the bottom part, When the cultivation experiment was carried out with a bag on (white peach in the experiment), depending on the properties of the paper material, the quality decreased due to the steaming of the fruit.
[0008]
Specifically, among the many types of paper materials used in the above experiments, the properties of the remaining paper materials were analyzed except for paper materials that showed cultivation conditions outside the shipping standards. On the average, the plurality of sheets have a weight per unit area of 30 to 50 g / m ² , an air permeability of 0.05 to 0.18 cc / cm ² / sec, and from several layers to a dozen layers. In the measurement based on the enlarged view (reference length L is 50 μm) of FIG. 1 which is made of laminated pulp fibers and a part of the protective bag is viewed with a microscope, at least per layer of the pulp fiber layer. Thus, it was found that fine pores b of 10 to 25 μm were dispersed.
[0009]
From this fact, the extremely low incidence of disease is a result of setting the air permeability of the paper material to 0.05 to 0.18 cc / cm ² / sec, and the fine pores are 10 to 25 μm. Because of its small size, this fruit protective bag is a filter for bacteria such as perforated bacteria (0.4 to 1.8 μm), black spot fungus (30 to 40 μm), asbestos fungus (10 to 20 μm), other pathogens, and spores. It is judged that the role was fully fulfilled and that the pathogens were almost completely prevented from entering the bag.
[0010]
And about generation | occurrence | production of the one part quality reduction by the stuffiness of a fruit, it is estimated that it is the result of having set the micropore too small, and having decreased air permeability extremely.
[0011]
Accordingly, the present invention is, as described in claim 1, a fruit protective bag made includes a waterproof layer on at least the bag surface, by including a sizing agent and Kamiryoku enhancers to the composition, basis weight 30 in to 50 g / m ^2, Ri consists paper stock breathability was 0.05~0.18cc / cm ² / sec, further the paper material is pulp fibers are stacked in ten layers of several layers further micropores of at least the fiber layer provides a protective bag fruit characterized by 10~25μm der Rukoto. In the present invention, since further micropores of at least fibrous layer of pulp fibers are stacked in ten layers of several layers form a paper stock manufactured protective bag is 10 to 25 [mu] m, which was subjected bag fruit If it does so, the fruit cultivation which reduces the incidence of a disease extremely easily will be attained.
[0012]
On the other hand, in the cultivation of white peaches by conventional bag hanging, the average ball thickness was 270 g / piece, whereas in the above experimental results for white peach, the average ball weight was 380 g / piece, 40%. In terms of its sugar content, it was possible to obtain a fruit having a sugar content of 13 and a quality that was very excellent compared to the sugar content of 10 in the conventional cultivation.
[0013]
Further examination of this point also revealed that the average light transmittance of the paper material used for conventional bagging is 3 to 4% in the wavelength region near 450 nm, and 20 to 23% in the wavelength region near 580 nm. Met.
[0014]
On the other hand, the average light transmittance of the discarded paper material is 10 to 20% (3 to 5 times the conventional paper material) in the wavelength region near 450 nm, and 25 to 25 in the wavelength region near 580 nm. It was 40% (also about 1.3 to 2 times).
[0015]
Based on the above analysis, we set the light transmittance of the discarded paper material itself so that it matches the light transmittance of the paper material used for conventional bag hanging, As a result, there was almost no change in the ball thickness and sugar content. From this, it was found that the light transmittance of the paper material (and hence the light intensity) was greatly involved in the improvement of the fruit fatness and sugar content. It was.
[0016]
Therefore, in the present invention, as described in claim 2, the light transmittance of the paper material is set to 10 to 20% in the wavelength region near 450 nm, and to 25 to 40% in the wavelength region near 580 nm. Forming a protective bag and bagging it on the fruit makes it possible to easily grow a fruit that can drastically improve the sugar content as well as the ball thickness.
[0017]
The present invention, as described in claim 3 provides a fruit cultivation method, characterized in that the protective bag of the fruit according to claim 1 or 2, cultivated and subjected bag fruit.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a fruit protective bag 1 that is wrapped for fruit protection during fruit cultivation. A paper material 2 is cut into a predetermined shape, and both side edges thereof are folded and bonded. In addition, the lower edge is folded and bonded.
[0019]
The composition of the paper material 2 according to this embodiment is 0.01 to 2.0% of the rosin emulsion as a sizing agent and 0.1 to 2 of the polyamide resin as a paper strength enhancer with respect to unbleached kraft pulp. 5%, about 1.0% of paraffin wax mixed or applied as a waterproof (water repellent) agent.
[0020]
Specifically, in a state where the waterproof layer a is provided on one side surface to be the bag surface, the basis weight is 30 to 50 g / m ² , and at least one fiber layer of pulp fibers laminated in several to ten or more layers. The dispersed micropores b are 10 to 25 μm, the air permeability is 0.05 to 0.18 cc / cm ² / sec, and the light transmittance is 10 to 20% in the wavelength region near 450 nm. The properties of the paper material 2 are adjusted so that the light transmittance in the wavelength region near 530 nm is 20 to 30% and the light transmittance in the wavelength region near 580 nm is 25 to 40%.
[0021]
The paper thickness of the paper material 2 at this time is about 0.04 mm when the basis weight is 32 g / m ^2, and is about 0.06 mm when the basis weight is 40 g / m ^2. In the case of 50 g / m ² , it was about 0.078 mm.
[0022]
FIG. 3 shows a conventionally used protective bag 1A for bagging, which is formed by, for example, partially incising c at the bottom after folding the bag. from about 50 g / m ^2, are dispersed micropores b of 25 to 50 m, in a state with a waterproof layer a on one side of the bag surface, the air permeability of about 0.2cc / cm ² / sec Furthermore, the light transmittance in the wavelength region near 450 nm is about 3 to 4%, the light transmittance in the wavelength region near 530 nm is 10 to 15%, and the light transmittance in the wavelength region near 580 nm is 20 to 23%. What was adjusted to become was used.
[0023]
With the bag using this conventional protective bag 1A, it was possible to cultivate fruits with a quality that clears the shipping standards without difficulty for the ball thickness and sugar content, but the fine pore b was as large as 25 to 50 μm, Since the function is low, there are difficulties in that perforated bacteria, black rot fungus, asbestos fungus, and other spores are liable to invade into the bag and diseases and other insect damage are likely to occur.
[0024]
On the other hand, in the bag covering with the protective bag 1 of the present invention that has been adjusted as described above, the occurrence of disease and other insect damage is extremely low, and high quality that shows a dramatic increase in ball thickness and a significant increase in sugar content. In addition, the air permeability is preferably set to 0.07 to 0.13 cc / cm ² / sec.
[0025]
Here, in the above-described embodiment, the waterproof layer a is provided only on one side which is the bag surface of the paper material 2, but the waterproof layer a can be suitably provided on both sides of the paper material 2. In this case, it goes without saying that the properties of the paper material 2 are adjusted as described above with the waterproof layers a provided on both sides.
[0026]
It should be noted that each of the protective bag used conventionally and the protective bag using the above-mentioned discarded paper material is randomly taken out and the light transmittance is measured to determine the wavelength and the light transmittance. A correlation diagram is shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, the correlation between the wavelength of the conventional protective bag and the light transmittance is shown by a two-dot chain line A, and the correlation between the wavelength of the protective bag and the light transmittance of the discarded paper material is shown by a solid line B. Show.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the invention described in claim 1 , a fruit protection bag capable of extremely reducing the incidence of disease is provided, and according to the invention described in claim 2. For example, a fruit protective bag capable of drastically improving the sugar content together with fruit thickening is provided.
[0028]
That is , according to the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fruit protection bag that can drastically reduce the incidence of disease and can drastically improve the fatness and sugar content.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a fruit protection bag and an enlarged view of a part of the bag.
FIG. 2 is a correlation diagram between wavelength and light transmittance.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a conventional fruit protection bag and an enlarged view of a part thereof as seen with a microscope.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Protective bag, 2 ... Paper material, a ... Waterproofing layer, b ... Fine pore.

Claims (3)

A fruit protective bag comprising a waterproof layer on at least the bag surface, and by including a sizing agent and a paper strength enhancer in the composition, the basis weight is 30 to 50 g / m ² and the air permeability is 0.05 to 0.18cc / cm ² / sec and the Ri from paper stock formed, further, the paper material is further micropores of at least fibrous layer of pulp fibers are stacked in ten layers of several layers is 10~25μm der Protective bag for fruits. 2. The fruit protection according to claim 1, wherein the paper material has a light transmittance of 10 to 20% in a wavelength region near 450 nm and a light transmittance of 25 to 40% in a wavelength region near 580 nm. bag. A fruit cultivation method, wherein the fruit protective bag according to claim 1 or 2 is cultivated by bagging the fruit.

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