JP4589414B2 - Disconnect switch device for industrial vehicles - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a disconnect switch device for an industrial vehicle for cutting off the power supply of the industrial vehicle.

Conventionally, in industrial vehicles such as bulldozers, power shovels, and wheel loaders, a plurality of large capacity batteries are used as a power source, and the supply current is, for example, 60 [A] due to one small capacity battery of an ordinary vehicle. ], For example, 180 [A].
Therefore, such an industrial vehicle is equipped with a disconnect switch device for shutting off the power supply, and when performing maintenance on the industrial vehicle, the disconnect switch device shuts off the power supply.

  In such a disconnect switch device for an industrial vehicle, a contact plate provided with a movable contact is normally biased by a spring to the side opposite to the fixed contact, thereby separating the movable contact from the fixed contact. When a user inserts an operator such as a key or a lever into the insertion hole and rotates or further pushes it, the intermediate member or members move in response to the contact plate against the urging force of the spring. Then, it is moved to the fixed contact side, and the power source is connected by bringing the movable contact into contact with the fixed contact.

Then, when the operating element is returned from that state, the intermediate member moves in the opposite direction to release the moving force applied to the contact plate, so that the contact plate is attached to the spring. It moves to the side opposite to the fixed contact side by the force, and the power source is cut off by moving the movable contact away from the fixed contact.
In addition, the well-known literature which respond | corresponds to the subject which this invention tends to solve was not able to be discovered.

  In the case of the above-mentioned conventional one, the movable contact is separated from the fixed contact (the power supply is cut off) is the biasing force of the spring that moves the contact plate to the side opposite to the fixed contact side based on the return operation of the operation element. Since it depends on the urging force of the spring, there is a possibility that the power supply cannot be reliably shut off depending on the urging force of the spring, and the power supply shutoff property is inferior.

Even if the movable contact is fused to the fixed contact by the arc and the power supply cannot be shut off, the operation element can be returned, and the user can return the operation element. There was a risk of misjudging that the power could be shut off.
In addition, the movable contacts move away from the fixed contacts only in the direction opposite to them, so that their insulation distance is small, and the performance sufficient to cut off the power supply that passes a large current is obtained. It was hard to say.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and therefore, the object thereof is excellent in power shut-off, and does not cause the user to make an error in power shut-off, and allows a large current to flow. An object of the present invention is to provide a disconnect switch device for an industrial vehicle having a sufficient performance for cutting off a power source.

In order to achieve the above object, a disconnect switch device for an industrial vehicle according to the present invention includes a case formed by a base and a cover coupled to the base, and is housed in the case and operated by a user. A rotor that is rotated by an operator, and a rotor that rotates together with the rotor and is movably combined in the axial direction of the rotor. And a contact plate accommodated in the case so as to be movable in the axial direction of the holder, a movable contact provided on the contact plate, a fixed contact provided on the base, and a side of the fixed contact A spring for urging the contact plate to bring the movable contact into contact with the fixed contact; a tooth portion provided on the base; A tooth portion provided on the rudder, and the biasing force of the spring while the contact plate is rotated by the rotation of the holder via the rotor by the rotation operation of the operating element, and the contact plate is rotated. Is moved to the fixed contact side to bring the movable contact into contact with the fixed contact, and the both tooth portions are engaged by return rotation of the holder through the rotor by return rotation operation of the operation element. The contact plate is moved back to the opposite side to the fixed contact side against the biasing force of the spring while the contact plate is rotated back, thereby moving the movable contact away from the fixed contact , and Both tooth portions are in contact with each other by a flat portion, and the rotational angle of the rotor is regulated at the position .

  According to the above means, the movable contact is separated from the fixed contact (the power supply is cut off) by the user's operating force for releasing the meshing of both teeth, and does not depend on the biasing force of the spring. Therefore, the power supply can be surely shut off by the user's operating force without depending on the biasing force of the spring, and the power shutoff property is excellent.

  In the unlikely event that the movable contact is fused to the fixed contact by an arc and the power supply cannot be shut off, the operator can also return the operator without returning the contact plate to rotate. Therefore, the user can recognize that the power supply cannot be shut off because the operation element cannot be returned, and the user can be prevented from making an error in judging the power cut-off.

  The movable contact moves in the rotational direction with respect to the fixed contact and moves away from the fixed contact by the return rotation of the contact plate and the movement opposite to the fixed contact side. A large insulation distance can be ensured, and it can have sufficient performance to cut off the power supply for flowing a large current.

Hereinafter, an example (one embodiment) of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
First, FIGS. 2 and 3 show the entire device in a key-free state. The case 1 is an outer shell of the device, and includes a base 2 and a cover 4 coupled to the base 2 via an O-ring 3. Of these, the base 2 is formed of an electrically insulating material in a short cylindrical shape with a bottom as shown in FIG. A hole 5 is formed at the center of the inner bottom portion of the base 2, and a tooth portion 6 is formed around the hole 5.

The tooth portion 6 has a plurality of (in this case, three) concave tooth portions 6a and convex tooth portions 6b alternately arranged in a circular arrangement with the hole 5 and the inner circumference being flush with each other. As shown in FIG. 2, 6a has a generally V shape, and the convex tooth portion 6b has a generally inverted V shape (a generally triangular shape) as shown in FIG. The part 6b has inclined surfaces 6c on both sides common to the circumferential direction. Moreover, the top part of the convex-tooth part 6b has the flat part 6d, respectively.
Further, a rectangular raised portion 7 is formed at each side position of the tooth portion 6 of the base body 2 and a hole 8 is formed through the raised portion 7 so as to pass out of the base body 2 as shown in FIG. In addition, a partition wall 9 that separates the holes 8 is formed on the outer lower surface of the base 2.

Terminals 10 are respectively inserted into the holes 8, and washers 11, spring washers 12, and nuts 13 are respectively attached to the threaded portions 10 a of the protruding portions thereof to prevent the terminal 10 from coming off, A washer 14, a spring washer 15, and a nut 16 are attached so that a conductive cord terminal (not shown) is tightened and connected.
On the other hand, the hexagonal head portion 10b of the terminal 10 is located in the raised portion 7, and the upper surface of the head portion 10b exposed from the raised portion 7 is fixed with a circular shape made of, for example, an alloy of silver and nickel. A contact 17 is provided.

  On the other hand, the cover 4 is made of a highly rigid metal and is mainly formed in a stepped short cylindrical shape with a lid, and has an upper step portion 4a, a middle step portion 4b, and a lower step portion 4c in order of decreasing diameter. In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, mounting portions 4 d are projected outward from both intermediate portions, and mounting holes 18 are formed at both ends of the mounting portion 4 d.

  In the upper step 4a, an opening 19 is formed in the upper wall portion, and a line-shaped operation index 20 and a dot-shaped operation indicator are formed at two places around the opening 19 as shown in FIG. The opening 19 has a square portion 19b at one position that coincides with the operation index 20 around the circular portion 19a and at one other position opposite to the operation index 20, and the operation index 21 is A predetermined rotation angle is deviated from one square portion 19b (operation index 20). Further, the upper stage portion 4a is formed with drain holes 22 at one or a plurality of locations on the peripheral side portion.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the rotor 23 is rotatably housed in the lower step portion 4c, the middle step portion 4b, and the upper step portion 4a, that is, in the cover 4. The rotor 23 has a small diameter portion 23a located in the upper step portion 4a, a medium diameter portion 23b located in the middle step portion 4b, and a collar portion 23c located in the lower step portion 4c. In the portion 23a, a key insertion hole 24 is formed from the upper surface portion into the small diameter portion 23a, and a lateral hole 25 communicating with the key insertion hole 24 is formed from the outer peripheral side surface. The moderation piece 26 and a spring 27 that biases the moderation piece 26 toward the key insertion hole 24 are housed.

  A cap 28 is attached to the small diameter portion 23 a of the rotor 23, and a hole 29 corresponding to the key insertion hole 24 is formed in the cap 28. Note that the hole 29 of the cap 28 is divided into two as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, and a partition portion 30 between them prevents the insertion of, for example, a driver other than the key 31.

  The key 31 is an operator operated by the user, and has a bifurcated main body 31b at the tip of the knob portion 31a, and the main body 31b is the opening 19 (in particular, the square portion 19b) of the cover 4. To the key insertion hole 24 of the rotor 23 through the hole 29 across the partition part 30 of the cap 28, and the main body part 31b is formed with a notch 32 in the intermediate part. ing.

An O-ring 33 is interposed between the outer peripheral side surface of the upper step portion 4a of the rotor 23 and the inner peripheral side surface of the upper step portion 4a of the cover 4 as shown in FIGS.
In addition, the rotor 23 is formed with a square cylindrical engagement hole 34 shown in FIG. 5 from the center of the lowermost surface to the lower portion of the small diameter portion 23a. Further, a cylindrical rod portion 35 is formed so as to protrude from the center of the back of the engagement hole 34 further below the lowermost surface, and a hole 36 is formed in the rod portion 35. A spring 37 is accommodated in the hole 36.

  In addition, four holes 38 are formed in the middle diameter portion 23 b from the portion around the engagement hole 34 on the lowermost surface of the rotor 23, and the spring force is larger in the hole 38 than the spring 37. Each of the springs 39 is stored. Moreover, the convex part 40 is formed in the two places where the outer peripheral side surface of the intermediate diameter part 23b opposes, and the inner peripheral side surface of the intermediate | middle part 4b of the said cover 4 with respect to each of this convex part 40 one by one. Is configured to regulate the rotation angle of the rotor 23 by forming the two convex portions 41 and rotating the rotor 23 so that the convex portion 40 is locked to the convex portion 41. .

A holder 42 is inserted into the engagement hole 34 of the rotor 23. As shown in FIG. 4, the holder 42 has a main body portion 42 a having an external quadrangular prism shape, and a cylindrical hole 43 therein. The hole 43 is loosely fitted to the rod portion 35 of the rotor 23. the main portion 42a has fitted into rectangular tubular engaging hole 34 of the rotor 23, thereby, the holder 42 is the rotor 23, and both rotate by their square shape, and the axial direction of the rotor 23 Are movably combined and are housed in the cover 4 (in the case 1) in this state.

  A step 44 is formed in the lower portion of the main body 42 a of the holder 42, and a shaft 45 is formed at the center below the step 44, and a tooth portion 46 is formed around the shaft 45. Is forming. The tooth portions 46 correspond to the tooth portions 6 of the base 2, and a plurality of the concave tooth portions 46 a and the convex tooth portions 46 b are alternately arranged in a circular arrangement surrounding the shaft portion 45 (three in this case). In contrast to the tooth portion 6, the concave tooth portion 46a has a generally inverted V shape, and the convex tooth portion 46b has a generally V-shaped shape (approximately an inverted triangular shape). The portion 46a and the convex tooth portion 46b have inclined surfaces 46c on both sides in the circumferential direction. Moreover, the bottom part of the concave-tooth part 46a has the flat part 46d, respectively. The holder 42 has the shaft portion 45 inserted into the hole 5 of the base 2.

  A contact plate 47 and a spring seat plate 48 are fitted to the main body 42 a of the holder 42. Among them, the contact plate 47 is made of a conductive material and has a rhombus shape, and the spring seat plate 48 is made of an insulating material and has a circular shape. Both of the contact plates 47 have square holes 49 and 50 having the same size at the center. 49 and 50 are fitted into the rectangular column-shaped main portion 42a of the holder 42 so that the contact plate 47 and the spring seat plate 48 rotate together with the holder 42 by their rectangular shape, and the axial direction of the holder 42 Are movably combined and are housed in the cover 4 (in the case 1) in this state.

  Here, the spring 39 accommodated in the hole 38 of the rotor 23 is interposed between the inner part of the hole 38 and the spring seat plate 48 and is compressed (see FIG. 6), whereby the contact plate 47 is moved downward. It is biased toward the fixed contact 17 side. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, movable contacts 51 made of, for example, an alloy of silver and nickel are provided on both sides of the lower surface, which is the surface of the contact plate 47 on the fixed contact 17 side, corresponding to the fixed contact 17. ing.

Next, the operation of the above configuration will be described.
2 and 3, the holder 42 does not engage the tooth portion 46 with the tooth portion 6 of the base 2, and the convex tooth portion 46 b is replaced with the flat portion 6 d on the convex tooth portion 6 b. To get on. As a result, the contact plate 47 and the spring seat plate 48 are positioned so that the movable contact 51 is displaced from the fixed contact 17 in the rotation direction of the holder 42 and is pushed up against the biasing force of the spring 39 by the step 44 of the holder 42. Thus, the movable contact 51 is separated from the fixed contact 17. Therefore, this state is a state in which the power supply is cut off between the two terminals 10.

  On the other hand, the main portion 31b of the key 31 is inserted into the key insertion hole 24 of the rotor 23 through the hole 29 across the partition portion 30 of the cap 28 from the opening portion 19 (particularly, the square portion 19b) of the cover 4. Then, the key 31 is held in the insertion position when the notch 32 is engaged with the moderation piece 26.

  From this state, when the key 31 is subsequently rotated toward the operation index 21 of the cover 4, the rotor 23 is moved in the same direction from the holder 42 with the contact plate 47 and the spring seat plate 48 (the movable contact with respect to the fixed contact 17 described above). 51 in the direction of correcting the deviation of the rotational direction of 51). As a result, the tooth portion 46 of the holder 42 causes the convex tooth portion 46b to slide down the inclined surface 6c from the flat portion 6d of the tooth portion 6 of the base 2 and mesh with the concave tooth portion 6a, thereby, as shown in FIG. The contact plate 47 and the spring seat plate 48 are moved to the fixed contact 17 side by the urging force of the spring 39 to bring the movable contact 51 into contact with the fixed contact 17. Accordingly, this state is a state in which the two terminals 10 are bridged by the contact plate 47 and the power source is connected.

  At this time, with the rotation of the rotor 23, the convex portion 40 is locked to the convex portion 41 of the cover 4, so that the rotation angle of the rotor 23 is changed so that the convex tooth portion 46 b of the tooth portion 46 is The angle of engagement with the concave tooth portion 6a of the tooth portion 6 is restricted. The state in which the convex tooth portion 46 b of the tooth portion 46 of the rotor 23 meshes with the concave tooth portion 6 a of the tooth portion 6 of the base 2 is held by the biasing force of the spring 37.

  Then, when the key 31 is rotated back toward the operation index 20 from the above state, the rotor 23 is moved from the holder 42 with the contact plate 47 and the spring seat plate 48 in the same direction (the above-mentioned movable contact 51 is a fixed contact). 17). As a result, the tooth portion 46 of the holder 42 causes the convex tooth portion 46b to slide up the slope 6c from the concave tooth portion 6a of the tooth portion 6 of the base body 2 and ride on the flat portion 6d on the convex tooth portion 6b. As shown in FIG. 1, the contact plate 47 and the spring seat plate 48 are pushed up against the urging force of the spring 39 by the step portion 44 of the holder 42, and the movable contact 51 is separated from the fixed contact 17. Thus, the connection between the two terminals 10 is cut off, and the power supply is cut off.

  At this time, the convex portion 40 is locked to the convex portion 41 of the cover 4 along with the return rotation of the rotor 23, so that the rotational angle of the rotor 23 is changed so that the convex tooth portion 46 b of the tooth portion 46 is the tooth of the base 2. The angle on the flat portion 6d on the convex tooth portion 6b of the portion 6 is regulated.

  As described above, in this configuration, the movable contact 51 is separated from the fixed contact 17 (the power is shut off) by the user's operating force for releasing the meshing of both the tooth portions 6 and 46, as in the prior art. It does not depend on the biasing force of the spring. Therefore, the power supply can be surely shut off by the user's operating force without depending on the urging force of the spring, and the power shutoff property is excellent.

  Also, in the unlikely event that the movable contact 51 is fused to the fixed contact 17 by an arc and the power supply cannot be cut off, the key 31 as the operator cannot rotate the contact plate 47 back, and the key 31 The user cannot recognize the power supply shut-off because the user cannot recognize the power-off because the key 31 cannot be returned. .

  The movable contact 51 moves in the rotational direction and moves in the opposite direction with respect to the fixed contact 17 by the return rotation of the contact plate 47 and the movement opposite to the fixed contact 17 side, and is separated. Therefore, it is possible to secure a large insulation distance between them and to have a performance sufficient to cut off a power source that flows a large current.

The inclined surfaces 6c and 46c of the both tooth portions 6 and 46 may be provided on only one of the tooth portions 6 and 46, and the concave tooth portions 6a and 46a and the convex tooth portions 6b, 46b may be only on one side, not on both sides. Further, the operation element exemplified by the key 31 may be changed to a lever.
In addition, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and shown in the drawings, and can be implemented with appropriate modifications within a range not departing from the gist.

1 is a longitudinal front view showing an embodiment of the present invention in a power-off state. Longitudinal front view with key removed Longitudinal side view with key removed Exploded perspective view 1 Exploded perspective view 2 Longitudinal front view showing the power connection

Explanation of symbols

  In the drawings, 1 is a case, 2 is a base, 4 is a cover, 6 is a tooth portion, 17 is a fixed contact, 23 is a rotor, 31 is a key (operator), 39 is a spring, 42 is a holder, 46 is a tooth portion, 47 is a contact plate, 51 is a movable contact.

Claims (1)

A case formed by a base and a cover coupled to the base;
A rotor housed in this case and rotated by an operator operated by a user;
A holder housed in the case, which is combined with the rotor so as to rotate together and move in the axial direction of the rotor,
A contact plate housed in the case, which is combined with the holder so as to rotate with the holder and move in the axial direction of the holder,
A movable contact provided on the contact plate;
A fixed contact provided on the substrate;
A spring that urges the contact plate toward the fixed contact to bring the movable contact into contact with the fixed contact;
A tooth portion provided on the base;
A tooth portion provided on the holder;
By rotation of the holder via the rotor by rotation operation of the operation element, both the tooth portions mesh with each other, and the contact plate is moved to the fixed contact side by the urging force of the spring while rotating. By bringing the movable contact into contact with the fixed contact,
Due to the return rotation of the holder through the rotor by the return rotation operation of the operation element, the both tooth portions are disengaged, and the contact plate is rotated back while the contact plate is rotated against the biasing force of the spring. By moving to the opposite side to the contact side, the movable contact is separated from the fixed contact , and both the teeth contact with each other by a flat part, and the rotational angle of the rotor is regulated at that position. A disconnect switch device for industrial vehicles.

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