JP4587978B2 - Gate discharge flow rate calculation method and dam control device - Google Patents

Gate discharge flow rate calculation method and dam control device Download PDF

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JP4587978B2
JP4587978B2 JP2006054351A JP2006054351A JP4587978B2 JP 4587978 B2 JP4587978 B2 JP 4587978B2 JP 2006054351 A JP2006054351 A JP 2006054351A JP 2006054351 A JP2006054351 A JP 2006054351A JP 4587978 B2 JP4587978 B2 JP 4587978B2
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orifice
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JP2007231609A (en
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尚弘 穐山
正晴 川端
理 間山
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Hitachi Ltd
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Description

本発明は、ダムのゲート放流量算出方法及びダム制御装置に係り、特に、ダム水位がゲート下端面近傍にある場合のゲート放流量算出精度の向上に配慮した技術に関する。     The present invention relates to a dam gate discharge flow rate calculation method and a dam control device, and more particularly to a technology that takes into account improvement of gate discharge flow rate calculation accuracy when the dam water level is in the vicinity of the gate lower end surface.

ダムなどの貯水池を管理するに際し、ダムで計測される貯水池水位やゲート開度その他の管理情報に基づいて求められる演算情報については、精度の向上が課題である。特にゲート放流量に関しては、その誤差によってダム下流域に対して多大な影響を及ぼす可能性があるため、より精度の高いものが要求される。   When managing reservoirs such as dams, improvement in accuracy is required for calculation information required based on management information such as reservoir water level, gate opening, etc. measured at the dam. In particular, the gate discharge flow rate may have a great influence on the downstream area of the dam due to the error, so a higher accuracy is required.

特許文献1には、ダムで計測される貯水位やゲート開度その他の管理情報(貯水位やゲート開度のほか、例えば、ダム雨量、上流河川の雨量、上流河川の水位など)、及びこれに基づいて求められる演算情報(例えば流入量、放流量、流入量増減傾向、貯水位の上昇/下降傾向、予想流入量、現在積算放流量、現在積算流入量など)に対応してダムゲートの開度に関する信号を生成する装置が開示されている。   Patent Document 1 discloses the storage level, gate opening, and other management information measured by a dam (in addition to the storage level and gate opening, for example, dam rainfall, upstream river rainfall, upstream river level, etc.) Opening of the dam gate corresponding to the calculation information (for example, inflow, discharge flow, inflow increase / decrease trend, reservoir level up / down trend, expected inflow, current total discharge, current total inflow, etc.) An apparatus for generating a signal related to degrees is disclosed.

特許文献1記載の装置は、ダムの管理情報及びこれに基づいて求められる演算情報に対応して放流量を算出し、算出された放流量に合わせてダムゲートの開度を算出する。   The device described in Patent Document 1 calculates a discharge amount corresponding to dam management information and calculation information obtained based on the management information, and calculates the opening of the dam gate according to the calculated discharge amount.

ゲート放流量の算出方式は、オリフィス状態とフリーフロー状態によって異なる。フリーフロー状態とは、ゲート下面が放流される水に接することなく放流される状態であり、オリフィス状態とは、ゲート下面が放流される水に接して放流される状態である。   The calculation method of the gate discharge flow rate differs depending on the orifice state and the free flow state. The free flow state is a state in which the lower surface of the gate is discharged without coming into contact with the discharged water, and the orifice state is a state in which the lower surface of the gate is discharged in contact with the discharged water.

前記特許文献1記載の装置は、1つの貯水池水位に対して1つのフリーフロー開度(フリーフロー状態で放流される最小開度)を決定し、現在開度と現在水位に対応するフリーフロー開度を比較する。現在開度が現在水位に対応するフリーフロー開度より小さいとき、放流状態はオリフィス状態と判別し、現在開度が現在水位に対応するフリーフロー開度より大きいとき、放流状態はフリーフロー状態であると判別する。   The device described in Patent Document 1 determines one free flow opening degree (minimum opening degree released in a free flow state) for one reservoir water level, and opens a free flow corresponding to the current opening degree and the current water level. Compare degrees. When the current opening is smaller than the free flow opening corresponding to the current water level, the discharge state is determined as the orifice state, and when the current opening is larger than the free flow opening corresponding to the current water level, the discharge state is the free flow state. Determine that there is.

オリフィス状態の場合、現在水位および現在開度より、ゲート放流量(オリフィス流量)が算出される。一方フリーフロー状態の場合、現在開度に関係なく、現在水位のみでゲート放流量(フリーフロー流量)が算出される。   In the case of the orifice state, the gate discharge flow rate (orifice flow rate) is calculated from the current water level and the current opening. On the other hand, in the free flow state, the gate discharge flow rate (free flow flow rate) is calculated only from the current water level regardless of the current opening.

なお、ここでいうゲートは、ダムの放流堤の上方に、上下動可能に配置され、ゲート下面と放流堤上面の間隔(ゲートの開度)を変化させることで放流量を調整する構造のものである。   The gate here is located above the dam discharge bank so that it can move up and down, and has a structure that adjusts the discharge flow by changing the distance between the gate lower surface and the upper surface of the discharge dam (gate opening). It is.

特開2005-180133号公報JP 2005-180133 A

ところで、ゲートが上昇し、放流状態がオリフィス状態からフリーフロー状態に移行するとき、あるいはダムの水位が低下して放流状態がオリフィス状態からフリーフロー状態に移行するときは、図2(a)に示す通り、ゲート前面水位は実際の貯水池水位にほぼ等しい。つまり、ゲートが上昇する場合、ゲート開度がフリーフロー開度Aになったとき、放流状態がオリフィス状態からフリーフロー状態に移行する。   By the way, when the gate rises and the discharge state shifts from the orifice state to the free flow state, or when the water level of the dam decreases and the discharge state shifts from the orifice state to the free flow state, FIG. As shown, the water level in front of the gate is almost equal to the actual reservoir water level. That is, when the gate rises, when the gate opening becomes the free flow opening A, the discharge state shifts from the orifice state to the free flow state.

一方、フリーフロー状態では、図2(b)に示すように、ダム水面は、ゲート前面に近づくにつれて低下する。このため、ゲートを下降させてフリーフロー状態からオリフィス状態に移行するときは、実際の貯水池水位(ゲートから十分はなれた位置での貯水池水位)が前記図2(a)と同じであっても、ゲート開度が前記フリーフロー開度Aより小さいオリフィス開度Bになる位置にゲートを下降させないとオリフィス状態にならない。逆にフリーフロー状態からダムの水位が上昇してくる場合、実際の貯水池水位が前記図2(a)と同じになっても、ゲート開度が前記フリーフロー開度Aであれば、放流状態はオリフィス状態のままである。   On the other hand, in the free flow state, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the dam water surface decreases as it approaches the gate front surface. For this reason, when lowering the gate and shifting from the free flow state to the orifice state, even if the actual reservoir water level (the reservoir water level at a position sufficiently away from the gate) is the same as in FIG. If the gate is not lowered to a position where the gate opening becomes the orifice opening B smaller than the free flow opening A, the orifice state is not obtained. On the contrary, when the water level of the dam rises from the free flow state, even if the actual reservoir water level becomes the same as in FIG. Remains in the orifice state.

したがって、ゲート下面位置が貯水池水面位置に近く、かつ貯水池水面位置より低い位置にあるときは、同じ貯水池水位でも、オリフィス状態からフリーフロー状態になる場合のゲート開度(フリーフロー開度A)と、フリーフロー状態からオリフィス状態になる場合のゲート開度(オリフィス開度B)が異なるため、同じ貯水池水位・開度でも、実際のゲート放流量は異なることになる。   Therefore, when the gate lower surface position is close to the reservoir water surface position and lower than the reservoir water surface position, the gate opening (free flow opening A) when the orifice state is changed to the free flow state even at the same reservoir water level. Since the gate opening (orifice opening B) when changing from the free flow state to the orifice state is different, the actual gate discharge flow rate is different even at the same reservoir water level and opening.

ところが、従来の技術では、フリーフロー状態からオリフィス状態になる場合も、「フリーフロー開度A」のみ使用してゲート状態を判定しているため、図2(b)の場合はオリフィスとみなしてゲート放流量を算出することとなり、ゲート放流量が実際より少なく算出されてしまい、算出されたゲート放流量の精度が低下するという問題がある。 特許文献1においても、前記の場合を判別してゲート放流量を算出することは記載されていない。   However, in the conventional technique, even when the free flow state is changed to the orifice state, only the “free flow opening degree A” is used to determine the gate state. Therefore, in the case of FIG. There is a problem that the gate discharge flow rate is calculated, the gate discharge flow rate is calculated to be smaller than the actual flow rate, and the accuracy of the calculated gate discharge flow rate is lowered. Also in Patent Document 1, it is not described that the gate discharge rate is calculated by determining the above case.

本発明の課題は、ゲート放流量算出の精度を向上させることにある。   An object of the present invention is to improve the accuracy of gate discharge flow rate calculation.

前記課題は、ゲート放流量算出時に、前回のゲート放流量算出時に記憶しておいたゲート状態をもとに現在のゲート状態を判別することで達成できる。   The object can be achieved by determining the current gate state based on the gate state stored at the time of calculating the gate discharge flow rate at the previous time when calculating the gate discharge flow rate.

前記課題を解決する本発明の手段は、具体的には、電子計算機に、貯水池の水位と、前記貯水池の放流部に上下動可能に設けられたゲートの開度を入力、前記放流部における水と前記ゲートの開度との相対関係に基づいて放流状態がフリーフロー状態かオリフィス状態かを周期的に判別し、該判別結果に基づいて放流量を算出するゲート放流量算出方法であって、前記電子計算機は、各周期の放流量算出時の前記放流状態がフリーフロー状態かオリフィス状態かを記憶しておき、今回周期における前記ゲートの開度が設定開度未満のとき、前回周期の放流量算出時に記憶された放流状態がフリーフロー状態であれば今回周期の放流状態をフリーフロー状態と判別し、オリフィス状態であれば今回周期の放流状態をオリフィス状態と判別し、該判別結果に基づいて今回周期の放流量を算出することを特徴とする。 Means of the present invention to solve the above problems, specifically, to the computer, enter the water reservoir, and a degree of opening of the gate, which is vertically movable in the discharge portion of the reservoir, said discharge portion in the released state based on the relative relationship between the degree of opening of the water level and the gate is whether free flow state or orifices state periodically determined, the gate discharge amount calculation method for calculating a discharge amount based on該判results by there are, the electronic computer, the discharge state at the time of discharge amount calculation of each cycle or a free-flow state or orifice state serial to憶advance, when the opening degree of the in the current cycle the gate is less than the set opening degree, If the discharge state stored when calculating the discharge flow rate of the previous cycle is a free flow state, the discharge state of the current cycle is determined as a free flow state, and if it is an orifice state, the discharge state of the current cycle is determined as an orifice state. , And calculates the discharge amount in the current cycle based on該判by results.

貯水池がある水位にあるとき、ダム放流部の水流とゲートの相対関係(以下、ゲート状態あるいは放流状態という)は、フリーフロー状態もしくはオリフィス状態であり、貯水池水位及びゲート状態によって放流量は異なる。したがって、放流量の算出に際しては、前記ゲート状態を判別し、ゲート状態に応じた算出を行う必要がある。   When the reservoir is at a certain water level, the relative relationship between the water flow at the dam discharge section and the gate (hereinafter referred to as the gate state or the discharge state) is a free flow state or an orifice state, and the discharge flow rate varies depending on the reservoir water level and the gate state. Therefore, when calculating the discharge flow rate, it is necessary to determine the gate state and perform calculation according to the gate state.

一方、貯水池水位が一定であっても、フリーフロー状態の放流部に上方からゲートを下降させて放流部がオリフィス状態に切り換わる時のゲート開度(オリフィス開度)は、放流部がオリフィス状態のときにゲートを上昇させてフリーフロー状態に切り換わるときのゲート開度(フリーフロー開度)よりも小さい。つまり、フリーフロー開度とオリフィス開度の間のゲート開度では、ゲートがフリーフロー状態の水流に対して下降してきたときはフリーフロー状態であるのに、ゲートがオリフィス状態の放流部から上昇してきた場合はオリフィス状態である。すなわち、前回周期におけるゲート状態により、今回周期におけるゲート状態を判別できる。   On the other hand, even when the water level of the reservoir is constant, the gate opening (orifice opening) when the gate is lowered to the discharge part in the free flow state from above and the discharge part is switched to the orifice state is the discharge part in the orifice state. It is smaller than the gate opening (free flow opening) when the gate is raised to switch to the free flow state. In other words, at the gate opening between the free flow opening and the orifice opening, when the gate descends with respect to the water flow in the free flow state, the gate rises from the discharge part in the orifice state even though it is in the free flow state. If it does, it is in an orifice state. That is, the gate state in the current cycle can be determined from the gate state in the previous cycle.

上記本願発明の構成によれば、放流量を周期的に算出する際に、算出時のゲート状態をその都度記憶しておき、放流量算出時に前回算出周期のゲート状態を参照して今回周期のゲート状態を判定するから、ゲート開度が前記フリーフロー開度とオリフィス開度の間の開度であっても、現在のゲート状態を正しく判定することができ、放流量算出の精度が向上する。   According to the above configuration of the present invention, when the discharge flow rate is calculated periodically, the gate state at the time of calculation is stored each time, and the current calculation cycle is referred to by referring to the gate state of the previous calculation cycle when calculating the discharge flow rate. Since the gate state is determined, even if the gate opening is an opening between the free flow opening and the orifice opening, the current gate state can be correctly determined, and the accuracy of calculating the discharge flow rate is improved. .

さらに具体的には、上記手段において、予め、貯水池の水位に対応して、前記放流状態がフリーフロー状態である最小のゲート開度がオリフィス開度、前記放流状態がオリフィス状態である最大のゲート開度をフリーフロー開度としてそれぞれ設定しておき、前記設定開度は前記フリーフロー開度であり、今回周期における前記ゲート開度がオリフィス開度≦今回周期におけるゲート開度<フリーフロー開度のときは、前回周期の放流状態がフリーフロー状態であれば今回周期の放流状態はフリーフロー状態であり、前回周期の放流状態がオリフィス状態であれば今回周期の放流状態はオリフィス状態であると判別し、該判別結果に基づいて今回周期の放流量を算出する手順を含んで構成するのが望ましい。 More specifically, in the above means, the minimum gate opening degree in which the discharge state is a free flow state is the orifice opening degree and the maximum gate in which the discharge state is an orifice state corresponding to the water level of the reservoir in advance. Each opening is set as a free flow opening, and the set opening is the free flow opening, and the gate opening in the current cycle is : orifice opening ≦ gate opening in the current cycle <free flow opening when the degree, discharge state of the current cycle if the discharge state free flow state of the previous cycle is free flow state, discharged state of the current cycle if the discharge state orifice condition of the previous period is the orifice state It is desirable to include a procedure for determining the discharge flow rate of the current cycle based on the determination result .

前記課題はまた、貯水池の水位と、前記貯水池の放流部に上下動可能に設けられたゲートの開度を入力とし、前記放流部における水と前記ゲートの開度との相対関係に基づいて放流状態がフリーフロー状態かオリフィス状態かを周期的に判別し、該判別結果に基づいて放流量を算出するゲート放流量演算部と、前記貯水池の水位と前記ゲートの開度及び設定された放流量を入力として前記ゲートの目標開度を算出する制御量演算部と、前記算出された目標開度をゲートの開閉信号に変換してゲートの開度を制御するゲート制御部とを備えてなるダム制御装置であって、前記ゲート放流量演算部は、各周期の放流量算出時の前記放流状態がフリーフロー状態かオリフィス状態かを記憶する状態記憶手段と、今回周期における前記ゲートの開度が設定開度未満のとき、前回周期の放流量算出時に記憶された放流状態がフリーフロー状態であれば今回周期の放流状態をフリーフロー状態と判別し、オリフィス状態であれば今回周期の放流状態をオリフィス状態と判別する状態判別手段とを備えてなるダム制御装置によっても、解決される。 The problem is also a water level of reservoir, as input gate opening which is vertically movable in the discharge portion of the reservoir, based on the relationship between the degree of opening of the water level and the gate of said discharge portion the discharge state or a free-flow state or orifices state periodically determined, a gate discharge amount calculation section for calculating a discharge amount based on該判results by, release the water level of the reservoir is opening and setting of the gates A control amount calculation unit that calculates a target opening degree of the gate using a flow rate as an input, and a gate control unit that controls the opening degree of the gate by converting the calculated target opening degree into a gate opening / closing signal. a dam control device, the gate discharge amount calculating unit includes a state storage means in which the discharge state at the time of discharge amount calculation of each cycle is stored whether free flow state or orifice state, the opening degree of the in the current cycle gate If it is less than the set opening, the discharge state of the current cycle is determined to be a free flow state if the discharge state memorized at the time of calculating the discharge flow rate of the previous cycle is a free flow state, and the discharge state of the current cycle is determined if it is an orifice state. The problem can also be solved by a dam control device provided with state discriminating means for discriminating from the orifice state .

前記ゲート放流量演算部は、予め、貯水池の水位に対応してそれぞれ設定された、前記放流状態がフリーフロー状態である最小のゲート開度であるオリフィス開度、前記放流状態がオリフィス状態である最大のゲート開度であるフリーフロー開度を格納する記憶手段を備え、前記状態判別手段は、前記設定開度を前記フリーフロー開度とし、今回周期における前記ゲート開度がオリフィス開度≦今回周期におけるゲート開度<フリーフロー開度のときは、前回周期の放流状態がフリーフロー状態であれば今回周期の放流状態はフリーフロー状態であり、前回周期の放流状態がオリフィス状態であれば今回周期の放流状態はオリフィス状態であると判別するように構成されていることが望ましい。 The gate discharge flow rate calculation unit is set in advance corresponding to the water level of the reservoir, and the orifice opening is the minimum gate opening when the discharge state is a free flow state, and the discharge state is an orifice state. Storage means for storing a free flow opening that is a maximum gate opening, and the state determination means uses the set opening as the free flow opening, and the gate opening in the current cycle is the orifice opening ≦ when the time gate opening in the periodic <free-flow opening, discharge state of the current cycle if free-flow condition discharge state of the previous cycle is free flow state, discharged state of the previous period if the orifice state It is desirable that the discharge state in this cycle is determined to be an orifice state.

ゲート放流量算出時に、前回のゲート放流量算出時に記憶しておいたゲート状態をもとに現在のゲート状態を正確に判別することにより、より精度の高いゲート放流量の算出が可能となる。   When calculating the gate discharge flow rate, it is possible to calculate the gate discharge flow rate with higher accuracy by accurately determining the current gate state based on the gate state stored at the previous gate discharge flow rate calculation.

本発明の実施の形態に係るダム制御システムを図4に示す。図示のダム制御システムは、貯水池の放流堤の上方に上下動可能に設けられたゲート310と、ゲート310に開閉信号を送ってその動作を制御するダム制御装置301と、予め定められた時間間隔、例えば数秒乃至数十秒間隔でゲート310の開度を検出してダム制御装置301に伝送する開度計309と、前記予め定められた時間間隔でダムの水位を検出してダム制御装置301に伝送する水位計308とを含んで構成されている。   FIG. 4 shows a dam control system according to the embodiment of the present invention. The illustrated dam control system includes a gate 310 that can be moved up and down above a discharge dam of a reservoir, a dam control device 301 that sends an open / close signal to the gate 310 to control its operation, and a predetermined time interval. For example, an opening meter 309 that detects the opening of the gate 310 at intervals of several seconds to several tens of seconds and transmits it to the dam control device 301, and detects the water level of the dam at the predetermined time interval to detect the dam control device 301. And a water level meter 308 for transmission to the network.

ダム制御装置301は電子計算機であり、前記水位計308及び開度計309の出力が入力されるデータ入出力部306と、データ入出力部306に接続され、前記水位計308及び開度計309の出力を入力として流入量、ゲート放流量を含むダム諸量を前記予め定められた時間間隔で算出するダム諸量演算部303と、ダム諸量演算部303に接続され、ダム諸量演算部303で算出されたダム諸量を画面表示するとともに、目標放流量が入力される表示端末部302と、表示端末部302及びデータ入出力部306に接続された制御量演算部305と、入力側をデータ入出力部306に接続され、出力側を前記ゲート310に接続されたゲート制御部307とを含んで構成されている。   The dam control device 301 is an electronic computer, and is connected to the data input / output unit 306 to which the outputs of the water level meter 308 and the opening meter 309 are input, and the data input / output unit 306. Are connected to the dam quantity calculation unit 303 and the dam quantity calculation unit 303, which calculate the dam quantities including the inflow amount and the gate discharge amount at predetermined time intervals. The dam various amounts calculated in 303 are displayed on the screen, the display terminal unit 302 to which the target discharge amount is input, the control amount calculation unit 305 connected to the display terminal unit 302 and the data input / output unit 306, the input side Is connected to the data input / output unit 306, and the gate control unit 307 is connected to the gate 310 on the output side.

制御量演算部305は、表示端末部302から入力される目標放流量、データ入出力部306から入力されるダムの現在水位、ゲート開度を入力として目標開度を算出し、データ入出力部306を介してゲート制御部307に出力する。ゲート制御部307は、入力された目標開度を開閉信号に変換し、ゲート310を動作させる。   The control amount calculation unit 305 calculates the target opening by inputting the target discharge flow input from the display terminal unit 302, the current water level of the dam input from the data input / output unit 306, and the gate opening, and the data input / output unit The data is output to the gate control unit 307 via 306. The gate control unit 307 converts the input target opening degree into an open / close signal and operates the gate 310.

ダム諸量演算部303は、ゲート放流量演算部304を含んで構成され、ゲート放流量演算部304は、貯水池水位と、ゲート開度と、貯水池水位に対応して設定されたフリーフロー開度及びオリフィス開度と、それらに対応するゲート放流量の関係を示す「水位−開度−ゲート放流量変換テーブル」を記憶する記憶手段と、ゲート放流量算出ごとに前記放流堤(以下、放流部という)における水流と前記ゲートの相対関係(以下、ゲート状態あるいは放流状態という)がフリーフロー状態かオリフィス状態を記憶する状態記憶手段とを備え、各ゲート放流量算出時に、前回のゲート放流量算出時に記憶したゲート状態に基づいて現在のゲート状態を判別してゲート放流量を算出するようになっている。   The dam various amount calculation unit 303 includes a gate discharge flow rate calculation unit 304, and the gate discharge flow rate calculation unit 304 has a free flow opening degree set corresponding to the reservoir water level, the gate opening degree, and the reservoir water level. And a storage means for storing a "water level-opening-gate discharge flow rate conversion table" indicating the relationship between the orifice opening and the corresponding gate discharge flow rate, and the discharge levee (hereinafter referred to as a discharge section) for each gate discharge flow calculation. And a state storage means for storing a free flow state or an orifice state in the relative relationship between the water flow and the gate (hereinafter referred to as a gate state or a discharge state). The current gate state is discriminated based on the gate state stored at times, and the gate discharge flow rate is calculated.

図3に、ゲート放流量演算部304に格納された「水位−開度−ゲート放流量変換テーブル」を示す。「水位−開度−ゲート放流量変換テーブル」のX1〜X4はダムの水位を示し、Y1″〜Y4″は、それぞれ上段に記載されたダム水位に対応するオリフィス開度(図2(b)のオリフィス開度Bに相当)、Y1′〜Y4′は、それぞれ上段に記載されたダム水位に対応するフリーフロー開度(図2(a)のフリーフロー開度Aに相当)である。Z1〜Z4は、それぞれ上段に記載されたダム水位に対応するフリーフロー流量である。Y1〜Y4は、Y1″〜Y4″よりも小さいゲート開度であり、太線で囲まれた枠内のZ11〜Z44は、それぞれ上段の水位と左端のゲート開度に対応するオリフィス流量である。   FIG. 3 shows a “water level / opening / gate discharge flow rate conversion table” stored in the gate discharge flow rate calculation unit 304. In the “water level-opening-gate discharge flow rate conversion table”, X1 to X4 indicate the water level of the dam, and Y1 ″ to Y4 ″ denote the orifice opening corresponding to the dam water level described in the upper stage (FIG. 2B). Y1 ′ to Y4 ′ are free flow openings corresponding to the dam water levels described in the upper section (corresponding to the free flow opening A in FIG. 2A). Z1 to Z4 are free flow rates corresponding to the dam water levels described in the upper stage. Y1 to Y4 are gate openings smaller than Y1 ″ to Y4 ″, and Z11 to Z44 in a frame surrounded by a thick line are orifice flow rates corresponding to the upper water level and the leftmost gate opening, respectively.

本実施の形態では、前述のように、ダムの水位がゲートから十分離れた、フリーフロー放流による水面低下の影響のない位置におけるダム水位がある水位にあるとき、ゲートをオリフィス状態から上昇させてフリーフロー状態になるときのゲート開度をフリーフロー開度、同じダム水位でフリーフロー状態からゲートを下降させてオリフィス状態になるときのゲート開度をオリフィス開度に設定する。   In this embodiment, as described above, when the water level of the dam is at a certain water level at a position where the water level of the dam is sufficiently far from the gate and is not affected by the water level drop due to free flow discharge, the gate is raised from the orifice state. The gate opening when the free flow state is entered is set as the free opening, and the gate opening when the gate is lowered from the free flow state at the same dam water level to become the orifice state is set as the orifice opening.

すなわち、現在のゲート開度が、オリフィス開度≦現在のゲート開度<フリーフロー開度のときは、放流状態がオリフィス状態なのかフリーフロー状態なのかは、前回周期における放流状態(ゲート状態)がフリーフロー状態だったのか、オリフィス状態だったのかによって決まる。つまり、現在のゲート開度が、オリフィス開度≦現在のゲート開度<フリーフロー開度のときは、前回周期における放流状態(ゲート状態)がフリーフロー状態であれば現在の放流状態(ゲート状態)はフリーフロー状態であり、前回周期における放流状態(ゲート状態)がオリフィス状態であれば現在の放流状態(ゲート状態)はオリフィス状態である。   That is, when the current gate opening is orifice opening ≦ current gate opening <free flow opening, whether the discharge state is the orifice state or the free flow state is the discharge state (gate state) in the previous cycle. Depends on whether it was in a free flow state or an orifice state. That is, if the current gate opening is orifice opening ≤ current gate opening <free flow opening, if the discharge state (gate state) in the previous cycle is the free flow state, the current discharge state (gate state) ) Is a free flow state. If the discharge state (gate state) in the previous cycle is an orifice state, the current discharge state (gate state) is the orifice state.

本発明は上記事項を用いてダム放流量を算定するもので、以下、本発明の実施の形態に係るゲート放流量算出処理フローを図1に示す。本フローは、ゲート放流量演算部304の、所定の計算周期における1回の処理の流れを示すものである。   The present invention calculates the dam discharge flow rate using the above matters, and FIG. 1 shows a gate discharge flow rate calculation processing flow according to the embodiment of the present invention. This flow shows the flow of one process in the predetermined calculation cycle of the gate discharge flow rate calculation unit 304.

装置が起動され、ゲート放流量計算が開始される(手順101)と、まず、データ入出力部306から現在のダム水位、ゲート開度が取り込まれ、内蔵された「水位−開度−ゲート放流量変換テーブル」から、取り込まれた現在のダム水位に基づいてオリフィス開度、フリーフロー開度が読み込まれる(手順102)。   When the apparatus is started and the gate discharge flow calculation is started (procedure 101), first, the current dam water level and gate opening are taken in from the data input / output unit 306, and the built-in “water level−opening−gate release”. From the “flow rate conversion table”, the orifice opening and the free flow opening are read based on the current dam water level taken in (step 102).

次いで、現在開度と読み込まれたオリフィス開度が比較される(手順103)。「現在開度<オリフィス開度」の場合、手順106に進み、現在のゲート状態はオリフィス状態と判定して、前記「水位−開度−ゲート放流量変換テーブル」からゲート放流量(オリフィス流量)が算出される。次いで手順107に進み、今回計算周期のゲート状態がオリフィスと記憶され、今回周期のゲート放流量計算が終了して(手順110)、手順102に戻る。   Next, the current opening and the read orifice opening are compared (procedure 103). In the case of “current opening <orifice opening”, the process proceeds to step 106, the current gate state is determined to be the orifice state, and the gate discharge flow rate (orifice flow rate) is determined from the “water level-opening-gate discharge flow rate conversion table”. Is calculated. Next, the procedure proceeds to step 107, where the gate state of the current calculation cycle is stored as the orifice, the calculation of the gate discharge flow rate of the current cycle is completed (step 110), and the procedure returns to step 102.

手順103で「現在開度≧オリフィス開度」の場合、手順104に進み、現在開度と読み込まれたフリーフロー開度が比較される。「現在開度≧フリーフロー開度」の場合、手順108に進み、現在のゲート状態はフリーフロー状態と判定して、「水位−開度−ゲート放流量変換テーブル」から現在水位に対する「水位」と「フリーフロー流量」の一次補間計算にてゲート放流量(フリーフロー流量)が算出される。次いで手順109に進み、今回計算周期のゲート状態がフリーフローと記憶され(図2(a)の状態が該当)、今回周期のゲート放流量計算が終了して(手順110)、手順102に戻る。   If “current opening ≧ orifice opening” in step 103, the process proceeds to step 104, where the current opening and the read free flow opening are compared. If “current opening ≧ open flow opening”, the process proceeds to step 108, the current gate state is determined to be a free flow state, and “water level” with respect to the current water level is determined from the “water level-opening-gate discharge flow rate conversion table”. The gate discharge flow rate (free flow flow rate) is calculated by primary interpolation calculation of “free flow flow rate”. Next, the procedure proceeds to step 109, where the gate state of the current calculation cycle is stored as free flow (the state of FIG. 2A corresponds), the gate discharge flow rate calculation of the current cycle ends (step 110), and the procedure returns to step 102. .

手順104で「現在開度<フリーフロー開度」の場合、手順105に進み、前回計算周期のゲート状態がオリフィスかどうかが判定される。前回計算周期のゲート状態がオリフィスの場合、手順106に進み、現在状態はオリフィス状態と判定して、「水位−開度−ゲート放流量変換テーブル」からゲート放流量(オリフィス流量)が算出される。次いで手順107で今回計算周期のゲート状態がオリフィスと記憶され、今回周期のゲート放流量計算が終了して(手順110)、手順102に戻る。   If “current opening degree <free flow opening degree” in step 104, the process proceeds to step 105, and it is determined whether or not the gate state of the previous calculation cycle is an orifice. When the gate state of the previous calculation cycle is the orifice, the process proceeds to step 106, the current state is determined to be the orifice state, and the gate discharge flow rate (orifice flow rate) is calculated from the “water level-opening-gate discharge flow rate conversion table”. . Next, in step 107, the gate state of the current calculation cycle is stored as the orifice, the calculation of the gate discharge flow rate of the current cycle is completed (step 110), and the procedure returns to step 102.

手順105で前回計算周期のゲート状態がフリーフローの場合、手順108に進み、現在状態はフリーフロー状態と判定して、「水位−開度−ゲート放流量変換テーブル」から現在水位に対する「水位」と「フリーフロー流量」の一次補間計算にてゲート放流量(フリーフロー流量)が算出される。次いで手順109で今回計算周期のゲート状態がフリーフローと記憶され(図2(b)の状態が該当)、今回周期のゲート放流量計算が終了して(手順110)、手順102に戻る。   If the gate state of the previous calculation cycle is free flow in step 105, the process proceeds to step 108, where the current state is determined to be a free flow state, and the “water level” for the current water level is determined from the “water level-opening-gate discharge flow rate conversion table”. The gate discharge flow rate (free flow flow rate) is calculated by primary interpolation calculation of “free flow flow rate”. Next, in step 109, the gate state of the current calculation cycle is stored as a free flow (the state of FIG. 2B corresponds), the calculation of the gate discharge flow rate of the current cycle is completed (step 110), and the procedure returns to step 102.

いずれの場合も、手順110の後、前記予め定められた時間間隔が経過したら、次周期の演算処理が実行される。   In any case, after the procedure 110, when the predetermined time interval elapses, the calculation process of the next period is executed.

上記手順において、手順107が状態記憶手順であり、手順102〜手順105が状態判別手順である。   In the above procedure, procedure 107 is a status storage procedure, and procedures 102 to 105 are status determination procedures.

図3の「水位−開度−ゲート放流量変換テーブル」の「フリーフロー開度」および「フリーフロー流量」については、水位毎に(例えば予め準備した演算式を用いることにより)設定可能である。また、「オリフィス開度」については、過去の実績を元に水位毎に設定する。   The “free flow opening” and “free flow flow rate” in the “water level-opening-gate discharge flow rate conversion table” in FIG. 3 can be set for each water level (for example, by using an arithmetic expression prepared in advance). . The “orifice opening” is set for each water level based on past results.

本発明の実施の形態に係るゲート放流量算出処理を示す手順図である。It is a procedure figure which shows the gate discharge flow rate calculation process which concerns on embodiment of this invention. ゲートがオリフィス状態からフリーフロー状態に移行する時のダム水位とゲートの相対位置及びゲートがフリーフロー状態からオリフィス状態に移行する時のダム水位とゲートの相対位置を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the relative position of a dam water level and a gate when a gate transfers to a free flow state from an orifice state, and the dam water level and a gate when a gate transfers to an orifice state from a free flow state. 本発明の実施の形態に係る水位−開度−ゲート放流量変換テーブル」の例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the example of the "water level-opening-gate discharge flow rate conversion table which concerns on embodiment of this invention." 本発明の実施の形態に係るダム制御装置の要部構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the principal part structure of the dam control apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

301 ダム制御装置
302 表示端末部
303 ダム諸量演算部
304 ゲート放流量演算部
305 制御量演算部
306 データ入出力部
307 ゲート制御部
308 水位計
309 開度計
310 ゲート
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 301 Dam control apparatus 302 Display terminal part 303 Dam various quantity calculation part 304 Gate discharge flow rate calculation part 305 Control amount calculation part 306 Data input / output part 307 Gate control part 308 Water level gauge 309 Opening gauge 310 Gate

Claims (4)

電子計算機に、貯水池の水位と、前記貯水池の放流部に上下動可能に設けられたゲートの開度を入力、前記放流部における水と前記ゲートの開度との相対関係に基づいて放流状態がフリーフロー状態かオリフィス状態かを周期的に判別し、該判別結果に基づいて放流量を算出するゲート放流量算出方法であって、
前記電子計算機は、各周期の放流量算出時の前記放流状態がフリーフロー状態かオリフィス状態かを記憶しておき、今回周期における前記ゲートの開度が設定開度未満のとき、前回周期の放流量算出時に記憶された放流状態がフリーフロー状態であれば今回周期の放流状態をフリーフロー状態と判別し、オリフィス状態であれば今回周期の放流状態をオリフィス状態と判別し、該判別結果に基づいて今回周期の放流量を算出することを特徴とするゲート放流量算出方法。
The electronic computer, and the water level of the reservoir, and enter the opening of the gate, which is vertically movable in the discharge portion of the reservoir, based on the relationship between the degree of opening of the water level and the gate of said discharge portion A gate discharge flow rate calculation method for periodically determining whether a discharge state is a free flow state or an orifice state, and calculating a discharge flow rate based on the determination result ,
The electronic computer, the discharge state at the time of discharge amount calculation of each cycle or a free-flow state or orifice state remembers advance, when the opening degree of the in the current cycle the gate is less than the set opening degree of the previous cycle If the discharge state stored when calculating the discharge flow rate is the free flow state, the discharge state of the current cycle is determined as the free flow state, and if the discharge state is the orifice state, the discharge state of the current cycle is determined as the orifice state. the gate discharge amount calculating how to and calculates the discharge amount in the current cycle based.
請求項1記載の放流量算出方法において、
前記電子計算機には、予め、貯水池の水位に対応して、前記放流状態がフリーフロー状態である最小のゲート開度がオリフィス開度、前記放流状態がオリフィス状態である最大のゲート開度がフリーフロー開度としてそれぞれ設定され、前記設定開度は前記フリーフロー開度であり、
今回周期における前記ゲート開度がオリフィス開度≦今回周期におけるゲート開度<フリーフロー開度のときは、前回周期の放流状態がフリーフロー状態であれば今回周期の放流状態はフリーフロー状態であり、前回周期の放流状態がオリフィス状態であれば今回周期の放流状態はオリフィス状態であると判別し、該判別結果に基づいて今回周期の放流量を算出することを特徴とするゲート放流量算出方法。
The discharge flow rate calculation method according to claim 1,
In the computer, in advance, the minimum gate opening degree when the discharge state is a free flow state and the maximum gate opening degree when the discharge state is an orifice state are free corresponding to the water level of the reservoir. Each set as a flow opening, the set opening is the free flow opening,
Said gate opening in the current cycle, when the gate opening <free-flow opening at the orifice opening ≦ current cycle, discharge state of the current cycle if free-flow state is released state of the previous cycle in a free flow condition Yes, if the discharge state of the previous cycle is the orifice state, it is determined that the discharge state of the current cycle is the orifice state, and the discharge flow rate of the current cycle is calculated based on the determination result. Method.
貯水池の水位と、前記貯水池の放流部に上下動可能に設けられたゲートの開度を入力とし、前記放流部における水と前記ゲートの開度との相対関係に基づいて放流状態がフリーフロー状態かオリフィス状態かを周期的に判別し、該判別結果に基づいて放流量を算出するゲート放流量演算部と、前記貯水池の水位と前記ゲートの開度及び設定された放流量を入力として前記ゲートの目標開度を算出する制御量演算部と、前記算出された目標開度をゲートの開閉信号に変換してゲートの開度を制御するゲート制御部とを備えてなるダム制御装置であって、
前記ゲート放流量演算部は、各周期の放流量算出時の前記放流状態がフリーフロー状態かオリフィス状態かを記憶する状態記憶手段と、今回周期における前記ゲートの開度が設定開度未満のとき、前回周期の放流量算出時に記憶された放流状態がフリーフロー状態であれば今回周期の放流状態をフリーフロー状態と判別し、オリフィス状態であれば今回周期の放流状態をオリフィス状態と判別する状態判別手段とを備えてなるダム制御装置。
And the water level of the reservoir, and enter the gate opening which is vertically movable in the discharge portion of the reservoir, discharge state free flow based on the relationship between the degree of opening of the water level and the gate of said discharge portion said status or orifices state periodically determined, a gate discharge amount calculation section for calculating a discharge amount based on該判results by, the water level and opening and set discharge amount of the gate of the reservoir as an input A dam control device comprising: a control amount calculation unit that calculates a target opening of a gate; and a gate control unit that converts the calculated target opening into a gate opening / closing signal to control the gate opening. And
The gate discharge flow rate calculation unit stores state storage means for storing whether the discharge state is a free flow state or an orifice state when calculating the discharge flow rate in each cycle, and when the opening of the gate in the current cycle is less than a set opening If the discharge state stored when calculating the discharge flow rate of the previous cycle is the free flow state, the discharge state of the current cycle is determined as the free flow state, and if the discharge state is the orifice state, the discharge state of the current cycle is determined as the orifice state. A dam control device comprising a discrimination means.
請求項3記載のダム制御装置において、
前記ゲート放流量演算部は、予め、貯水池の水位に対応してそれぞれ設定された、前記放流状態がフリーフロー状態である最小のゲート開度であるオリフィス開度、前記放流状態がオリフィス状態である最大のゲート開度であるフリーフロー開度を格納する記憶手段を備え、
前記状態判別手段は、前記設定開度を前記フリーフロー開度とし、今回周期における前記ゲート開度がオリフィス開度≦今回周期におけるゲート開度<フリーフロー開度のときは、前回周期の放流状態がフリーフロー状態であれば今回周期の放流状態はフリーフロー状態であり、前回周期の放流状態がオリフィス状態であれば今回周期の放流状態はオリフィス状態であると判別するように構成されていることを特徴とするダム制御装置。
In the dam control device according to claim 3,
The gate discharge flow rate calculation unit is set in advance corresponding to the water level of the reservoir, and the orifice opening is the minimum gate opening when the discharge state is a free flow state, and the discharge state is an orifice state. It has storage means for storing the free flow opening that is the maximum gate opening,
Said state judgment means, wherein the setting opening the free flow opening, the said gate opening in the current cycle, when the gate opening <free-flow opening at the orifice opening ≦ time period, discharge the previous cycle state is released state free flow state of the current cycle if free flow state, discharged state of the current cycle if the discharge state orifice condition of the previous cycle is configured to determine that the orifice state A dam control device characterized by that.
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