JP4577008B2 - Outboard motor lubrication passage structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a lubrication passage structure for an outboard motor.

  In order to simplify the structure and reduce the weight of an outboard motor equipped with a small 4-cycle engine, a lubrication structure that lubricates each part of the engine by splashing lubricating oil with a stringer or the like without using an oil pump conventionally However, since high lubrication performance and engine durability have been demanded in recent years as engine performance has been improved, oil pumps have been provided (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

On the other hand, for a four-cycle engine, for example, it is necessary to periodically remove deteriorated lubricating oil in an oil reservoir such as an oil pan and replace it with a new one. (See, for example, Patent Document 2).
JP 2002-339714 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-79084

  However, when an oil pump is provided, an oil filter is indispensable for enhancing its durability, but the structure described in Patent Document 1 includes an oil filter disposed in a pump chamber in which the oil pump is housed. There is a problem that the oil filter cannot be replaced unless the oil pump is removed. Also, the oil passage structure from the oil reservoir to the oil pump is complicated, and productivity is poor.

  On the other hand, in the outboard motor described in Patent Document 2, the drain passage for draining the lubricating oil and the drain port are provided directly above the mounting base of the steering grip, so that it is difficult to pull out the lubricating oil.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-described circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an outboard motor lubrication passage structure with a simple structure and improved maintainability.

In order to solve the above-described problem, a lubrication passage structure for an outboard motor according to the present invention is a four-cycle vertical engine provided with the crankshaft vertically arranged so that the crankshaft is directed substantially in the vertical direction. And a box-shaped engine cover that covers the periphery of the vertical engine and can be divided into upper and lower parts, and a drive shaft that extends downward from the lower part of the lower cover that forms the engine cover and rotatably accommodates the drive shaft connected to the crankshaft A housing, a gear case that rotatably supports a propeller shaft having a propeller attached to the lower portion of the drive shaft housing, and an upper portion of the drive shaft housing that supports the upper and left sides of the drive shaft so as to be able to rotate left and right. An outboard motor having a swivel bracket fixed to the hull The vertical engine includes an upper crankcase that can be divided into upper and lower parts that rotatably supports the crankshaft and a lower crankcase that also serves as an oil pan, and a cylinder that extends perpendicularly to the crankshaft and extends backward in the traveling direction. A cylinder block integrated with the upper crankcase, a cylinder head having a valve mechanism disposed on the rear side of the cylinder block, an intake port and an exhaust formed extending in the cylinder head toward the side of the cylinder head while having a port, the oil reservoir formed inside the lower crankcase which also serves as the oil pan, housing portion of the oil pump with an oil pump to the cylinder downward rearward from the crankshaft in the oil reservoir the the rewritable formed integrally provided in the housing portion of the oil pump While forming the inlet of the lubricating oil, the oil passage bored rearwardly downwards communicating the oil drain port for closing the sampling lower crankcase behind surface opening to an oil drain plug provided for lubricating oil, An oil introduction port communicating with the oil storage portion formed in the lower crankcase is formed on the suction port side of the oil drain plug in the middle of the oil passage.

Further, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, as described in claim 2 , an oil filter connected to the tip of an oil drain plug is disposed on the suction port side from the oil introduction port in the oil passage. It is.

  According to the lubricating passage structure of the outboard motor according to the present invention, the operation of extracting the lubricating oil can be performed easily and reliably, the oil passage structure is simplified, the crankcase structure is simplified, and the formation is facilitated. . In addition, a sufficient storage capacity for the lubricating oil can be secured.

  Furthermore, the oil filter can be easily replaced and the maintainability is improved.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a left side view showing an example of an outboard motor according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the outboard motor 1 has a vertical (vertical) engine 2, and the periphery thereof is covered with a box-shaped engine cover 3. The engine cover 3 is made of, for example, a synthetic resin that can be divided into upper and lower parts, and includes an upper cover 4 on the upper side and a lower cover 5 on the lower side. A drive shaft housing 6 is provided below the lower cover 5, and a gear case 7 is provided below the drive shaft housing 6. A propeller shaft 8 is pivotally supported inside the gear case 7 and a propeller 9 is provided at the rear end thereof.

  In the engine 2, the crankshaft 10 is provided vertically (vertical) so as to face substantially the vertical direction. A drive shaft 11 connected to the lower end of the crankshaft 10 extends downward in the drive shaft housing 6, and the lower end of the drive shaft 11 is connected to the propeller shaft 8 via a bevel gear 12. The output of the engine 2, that is, the rotation of the crankshaft 10, is transmitted to the propeller shaft 8 via the drive shaft 11 and the bevel gear 12, and the propeller 9 is rotated.

  FIG. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of the engine 2 portion. 3 is a plan view of the outboard motor 1 with the engine cover 3 removed, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 5 is an arrow view taken along line VV in FIG. 2, and FIG. 6 is an arrow view taken along line VI-VI in FIG.

  A steering handle 13 extends forward from the lower left portion of the engine 2, and a throttle grip 14 for adjusting the output of the engine 2 is provided at the tip thereof. The upper portion of the drive shaft housing 6 is rotatably supported by a support portion 16 a of the swivel bracket 16 and is fixed to the transom 17 a of the hull 17 via the clamp bracket 15. In other words, the outboard motor 1 is provided so as to be able to rotate substantially 360 ° with respect to the hull 17, and the boat 17 is operated by changing the direction of the entire outboard motor 1 by swinging the steering handle 13 in the horizontal direction. It is configured to be able to.

  The engine 2 used in the present embodiment is, for example, a four-cycle single-cylinder engine having an OHV type valve operating mechanism, and is a crankcase that can be divided into upper and lower parts and is disposed mainly in the center of the outboard motor 1 in the front-rear direction. 18a, 18b, a cylinder block 19 disposed on the rear side (right side in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3) of the crankcases 18a, 18b and formed integrally with the upper crankcase 18a, and the cylinder block 19 And a cylinder head 20 disposed on the rear side (the right side in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3).

  An opening 21 is opened at the center of the bottom surface of the lower cover 5 (see FIG. 4), and the lower surface of the engine 2, that is, the bottom surface of the lower crankcase 18b and the upper end portion of the drive shaft housing 6 are, for example, bolts 22 ( (See FIG. 1).

  In the present embodiment, the cylinder block 19 is one side in a plan view in a direction perpendicular to the crankshaft 10 in a side view in the front-rear direction of the outboard motor 1 (left and right in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3). Is provided with a cylindrical cylinder 23 extending obliquely toward the port side, and a valve operating chamber 25 for accommodating the valve operating mechanism 24 is formed inside the rear portion of the cylinder head 20 and is closed by a cylinder head cover 26. The cylinder head 20 is formed with a combustion chamber 27 aligned with the cylinder 23. A spark plug 28 is coupled to the combustion chamber 27 from the outside.

  The crankshaft 10 is formed with a pair of crank webs 29 spaced apart in the axial direction at substantially the middle thereof, and the crankpin 30 is formed eccentrically therebetween. Further, the journal portion 31a above the crankpin 30 of the crankshaft 10 is rotatably supported by, for example, a ball bearing 32 provided on the upper wall of the upper crankcase 18a, and the lower journal portion 31b is arranged at the lower side. It is rotatably supported by a bearing 33 provided on the crankcase 18b.

  A piston 34 is slidably inserted into the cylinder 23, and the piston pin 35 of the piston 34 and the crank pin 30 of the crankshaft 10 are connected by a connecting rod 36, and the reciprocating motion of the piston 34 in the cylinder 23 is the crankshaft. It is converted into 10 rotational movements.

  Further, a flywheel / magnet device 37 for power generation and a rope / recoil type manual engine starter 38 are provided at the upper end of the crankshaft 10.

  An intake port 39 and an exhaust port 40 connected to the combustion chamber 27 are formed in the cylinder head 20. Both ports 39 and 40 are extended toward the side of the cylinder head 20, as shown in FIG. An intake / exhaust valve 41 that opens and closes both ports 39 and 40 is mounted in the cylinder head 20. Further, an intake system device 44 such as a silencer 42 and a carburetor 43 is disposed in a space on the opposite side of the cylinder 23 that is inclined to the port side in plan view, and is connected to the intake port 39, and is also connected to the crankcase. 18a and 18b are formed with an exhaust passage 45 connected to the exhaust port 40 and extending forward and further downward.

  On the other hand, a camshaft 46 is disposed in parallel to the crankshaft 10 at the rear of the crankshaft 10, that is, below the cylinder 23 on the cylinder head 20 side (right side in FIG. 2). A timing drive gear 47 is provided integrally or integrally with the crankshaft 10 below the lower crank web 29 of the crankshaft 10. The camshaft 46 is provided with a timing driven gear 48 integrally or integrally with the camshaft 46. Then, the rotational force of the crankshaft 10 is transmitted to the camshaft 46 by operatively connecting both the timing gears 47 and 48.

  A pair of valve-operating cams 49 are arranged on the camshaft 46 in the vertical direction, and a pair of valve rocker arms 50 constituting the valve-operating mechanism 24 are supported in the cylinder head 20 so as to be swingable. When the camshaft 46 rotates, the profile of the valve cam 49 moves the push rod 52 in the axial direction via the camshaft rocker 51 and swings the valve rocker arm 50. The intake / exhaust valve 41 in the cylinder head 20 is opened / closed by the swinging motion of the valve rocker arm 50.

  A fuel tank 53 is disposed in the space in front of the engine 2 in the engine cover 3. The fuel tank 53 has a fuel filler port 54 extending upward, protrudes on the engine cover 3 and is closed by a fuel cap 55.

  Since the engine 2 has many sliding parts and rotating parts inside, the lubricating oil is supplied to each part using a lubrication device, and the frictional resistance of each part is reduced by the action of the lubricating oil, so that the function of the engine 2 is sufficient. It is comprised so that it may be exhibited. Hereinafter, the lubricating device will be described.

  The lower crankcase 18b also serves as an oil pan, and a certain amount of lubricating oil (not shown) is stored in an oil storage portion 56 formed therein. An oil pump 57 is disposed below the camshaft 46 described above. The oil pump 57 is directly connected to the lower end portion of the camshaft 46 and is driven by the rotation of the camshaft 46.

  Further, a mounting seat 58 to which the base portion 13a of the steering handle 13 is attached is formed on one side surface of the lower crankcase 18b, in the present embodiment, at a substantially central portion of the port side surface, and above the mounting seat 58. Includes an oil amount check window 59 through which the amount of lubricating oil in the oil reservoir 56 can be visually inspected, and a lubricating oil inlet 60 formed above the oil amount checking window 59, and this inlet 60 is closed by a plug 61. .

  7 is an arrow view taken along the line VII-VII in FIG. 2, that is, a top view of the lower crankcase 18b. FIG. 8 is a view seen from the arrow VIII in FIG. 2, ie, a bottom view of the lower crankcase 18b. . Further, FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IX-IX in FIG. 7, that is, a vertical cross-sectional view of the lower crankcase 18b.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 7 to 9, a storage portion 62 of the oil pump 57 is integrally formed at the bottom of the lower crankcase 18 b that also serves as an oil pan, and the oil pump 57 is stored therein. At the same time, the lower end portion of the camshaft 46 is pivotally supported. In addition, a lubricating oil suction port 65 and a discharge port 66 connected to the suction port 63 and the discharge port 64 of the oil pump 57 are formed in the storage portion 62 of the oil pump 57, respectively.

  The lubricating oil suction port 65 is disposed on the rear side of the storage portion 62, and an oil passage 67 is drilled downward from the suction port 65 toward the outside of the lower crankcase 18b. One end of the oil passage 67 communicates with the suction port 65, while the other end of the oil passage 67 opens on the lower back surface of the lower crankcase 18b to form an oil drain port 68. The oil drain port 68 is an oil drain plug. It is blocked by 69.

  Further, in the middle of the oil passage 67, an oil introduction port 70 communicating with the oil reservoir 56 formed in the lower crankcase 18 b is formed on the suction port 65 side from the tip of the oil drain plug 69. Further, an oil filter 71 having a columnar shape, for example, is inserted from the oil drain port 68 on the suction port 65 side of the oil introduction port 70 in the oil passage 67. The oil filter 71 is connected to the tip of the oil drain plug 69. The oil filter 71 is not necessarily connected to the tip of the oil drain plug 69.

  On the other hand, a main gallery 72 extending in the vertical direction is formed in, for example, the left side walls of the crankcases 18a and 18b, and a discharge passage 73 extending from the discharge port 66 of the storage portion 62 is connected. A branch passage 74 branches from the middle of the discharge passage 73 and extends toward the bearing 33 of the crankshaft 10.

  Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

  Since the engine 2 mounted on the outboard motor 1 according to the present invention has an intake port 39 and an exhaust port 40 formed in the cylinder head 20 extending toward the side of the cylinder head 20, the cylinder head An oil passage 67 having an oil drain port 68 can be arranged in a space below the 20.

  Therefore, an oil passage 67 is formed rearwardly downwardly from the lubricating oil suction port 65 disposed on the rear side of the storage portion 62 of the oil pump 57 toward the outside of the lower crankcase 18b, and the end portion of the oil passage 67 is set downward. Since the oil drain port 68 is formed by opening the rear lower surface of the side crankcase 18b and the oil drain port 68 is closed by the oil drain plug 69, the lubricating oil can be easily and reliably removed. .

  Further, by forming the oil introduction port 70 communicating with the oil reservoir 56 formed in the lower crankcase 18b in the middle of the oil passage 67 communicating the lubricating oil suction port 65 and the oil drain port 68, A passage for guiding the lubricating oil in the oil reservoir 56 to the oil pump 57 and a passage (drain passage) for discharging the lubricating oil in the oil reservoir 56 to the outside can be formed integrally. As a result, the structure of the oil passage 67 is simplified, the structures of the crankcases 18a and 18b are simplified and can be easily formed, and a sufficient lubricating oil storage capacity can be secured.

  Further, the oil pump 57 and the oil introduction port 70 are arranged at the rear of the crankshaft 10, that is, at the cylinder head 20 side, so that lubricating oil is supplied even when the outboard motor 1 is largely inclined rearward during acceleration, for example. can do. Even during normal travel, the lubricating oil after lubricating the valve mechanism 24 in the cylinder head 10 can be quickly recovered and guided to the oil pump 57 again. As a result, the amount of lubricating oil can be reduced as compared with the conventional case.

  Furthermore, since the oil filter 71 is disposed in the oil passage 67 and this oil filter 71 is connected to the tip of the oil drain plug 69 that closes the oil drain port 68, the oil filter 71 can be easily replaced. Maintainability is improved.

The left view of the outboard motor which shows one Embodiment of the lubrication passage structure of the outboard motor which concerns on this invention. The enlarged longitudinal cross-sectional view of an engine part. The top view of an outboard motor of a state which removed the engine cover. Sectional drawing which follows the IV-IV line of FIG. The arrow line view which follows the VV line of FIG. FIG. 3 is an arrow view taken along line VI-VI in FIG. 2. FIG. 3 is a view taken along the line VII-VII in FIG. 2 (a top view of the lower crankcase). FIG. VIII arrow view of FIG. 2 (bottom view of lower crankcase). Sectional drawing in alignment with the IX-IX line of FIG. 7 (longitudinal sectional drawing of a lower crankcase).

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Outboard motor 2 Engine 18a Upper crankcase 18b Lower crankcase 56 Oil storage part 57 Oil pump 62 Oil pump storage part 63 Oil pump suction port 65 Suction port 67 Oil passage 68 Oil drain port 69 Oil drain plug 70 Oil Inlet 71 Oil filter

Claims (2)

A four-cycle vertical engine that is installed vertically so that the crankshaft is oriented substantially vertically, a box-shaped engine cover that covers the periphery of the vertical engine and that can be divided into upper and lower parts, and a lower part of the lower cover that forms the engine cover A drive shaft housing that rotatably accommodates a drive shaft that extends downward and is connected to a crankshaft, a gear case that rotatably supports a propeller shaft having a propeller attached to a lower portion of the drive shaft housing, and the drive shaft housing And an swivel bracket that extends forward and is fixed to the hull via a clamp bracket. The vertical engine supports the crankshaft rotatably. Upper crank that can be divided vertically A lower crankcase that also serves as a cylinder and an oil pan, a cylinder block that is integral with the upper crankcase having a cylinder that extends perpendicularly to the crankshaft and extends backward in the direction of travel, and a valve that is disposed on the rear side of the cylinder block A cylinder head having a mechanism, and an intake port and an exhaust port formed so as to extend in the cylinder head toward the side of the cylinder head, while an oil reservoir is provided in the lower crankcase that also serves as the oil pan. formed, the rewritable form a receiving portion of the oil pump with an oil pump to the cylinder downward rearward from the crankshaft in the oil reservoir portion integrally, inhalation of lubricating oil provided in the housing portion of the oil pump mouth and an opening behind the lower surface of the lower crankcase provided for the removal of lubricating oil While forming the oil passages bored rearwardly downwards communicating the oil drain port blocked by the oil drain plug, the inlet side the lower crankcase in from the tip of the middle of the oil drain plug of the oil passage lubricating passageway structure for an outboard motor, characterized in that it is formed to form an oil inlet port communicating with the oil reservoir. 2. An outboard motor lubrication passage structure according to claim 1, wherein an oil filter connected to a tip of an oil drain plug is disposed closer to the suction port side than the oil introduction port in the oil passage.

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