JP4576078B2 - Water-absorbing composite spun yarn - Google Patents

Description

【００３９】
比較例１および３では脆弱性が認められ、比較例２および４では吸水性能が不充分なのに対して、実施例１〜３は、脆弱性に優れると共に吸水性能にも充分な効果を示した。
【００４０】
【発明の効果】
如上の如く、本発明によれば、摩耗や捩じれによるせん断応力に対して強度が改善され、後工程での単糸切れや毛羽切れによる粉塵飛散を極小にして脆弱性を改善し、且つその素材の極めて優れた吸水性機能を可能なかぎりそのまま具備した吸水性複合紡績糸が得られる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】吸水性複合紡績糸の製造方法において、トランペット２により収束力を利用した芯鞘型短繊維束状物（芯鞘型２層粗糸）の製造を示す前半工程の概略図である。
【図２】図１の工程に続き、中空スピンドル６を利用した吸水性複合紡績糸の製造を示す後半工程の概略図である。
【図３】テーパーフロントローラー１０により、２種の短繊維束状物の送出し量を変え、一方の粗糸に他方の粗糸をこより状に包み込む方法で芯鞘型短繊維束状物（芯鞘型２層粗糸）を製造して、吸水性複合紡績糸を製造する工程図である。
【符号の説明】
Ａ：吸水性短繊維束状物・粗糸Ａ
Ｂ：吸水性繊維以外の繊維からなる短繊維束状物・粗糸Ｂ
１：スライバー列
２：トランペット
３：コイラー
４：ケンス
５：ドラフトゾーン
６：中空スピンドル
７：連続糸状物
８：バックローラー
９：エプロンドラフト
１０（１０ａおよび１０ｂ）：テーパーフロントローラー
１１：芯鞘型短繊維束状物
１２：吸水性複合紡績糸[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is improved in strength against shear stress due to wear and twisting, minimizes dust scattering due to single yarn breakage and fluff breakage in the subsequent process, improves brittleness, and extremely excellent water absorption of the material The present invention relates to a water-absorbent composite spun yarn having a function as much as possible.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, applications are being developed by processing spun yarns made of highly water-absorbing fibers into yarns, strings, and fabrics, taking advantage of water absorption and swelling. However, when a spun yarn is used, a method such as twisting and binding is required to maintain the shape and strength of the yarn, so that the fibers are constrained and the water absorption is lower than that of the unconstrained fiber. It is common. Specifically, when a fiber bundle having a water absorption rate of 50 to 60 times its own weight in an unconstrained state is subjected to ring spinning with a twist coefficient 95, the water absorption rate is reduced to 7 to 8 times.
[0003]
In the case of a highly water-absorbed spun yarn produced by winding a fiber bundle containing high water absorption in the form of yarn, the water absorption ability is very high and useful because there are few constraints on the fiber bundle containing high water absorption. On the other hand, it is vulnerable to shear stress due to wear and torsion. For this reason, there has been a problem that short fiber bundles are frequently damaged or cut by twisting and rubbing action when passing through various guides in the subsequent process, dust scattering becomes remarkable, and operability is inevitably lowered.
[0004]
Further, in the case of a spun yarn inserted with a real twist, although the dust scattering is improved, there is a problem that the high water absorption capability, which is an original material characteristic, is remarkably lowered.
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
[0005]
That is, the object of the present invention is to improve the strength against shear stress due to wear and twist, to improve the fragility by minimizing dust scattering due to single yarn breakage and fluff breakage in the subsequent process, and An object of the present invention is to provide a water-absorbing composite spun yarn that has as much as possible the extremely excellent water-absorbing function of the material.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
When absorbing water, the water-absorbing fiber absorbs a large volume of water by volume swelling in the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction of the fiber, so that it is not constrained as much as possible as a bundle of short fibers constituting a thread. It is preferable that the core-sheath short fiber bundle is untwisted and its outer peripheral portion is wound with a continuous thread.
[0007]
Therefore, the above-described object is that the core portion is a water-absorbing short fiber bundle, the sheath portion is composed of a short fiber bundle made of fibers other than the water-absorbing fibers, and the weight ratio of the core portion to the sheath portion is 95: A water-absorbent composite spun yarn comprising a core-sheath short fiber bundle of 5 to 20:80 and a continuous filament formed by winding the outer periphery at 100 to 350 T / m (Claim 1). ).
[0008]
2. The water-absorbent composite spun yarn according to claim 1, wherein the continuous yarn-like material is 1/200 to 1/2 the thickness of the core-sheath short fiber bundle. This is achieved by item 2).
[0009]
The core-sheath short fiber bundle is substantially untwisted, and is achieved by the water-absorbent composite spun yarn according to claims 1 and 2.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Details of the configuration of the present invention will be described below.
The water-absorbent composite spun yarn of the present invention has a core-sheath short fiber bundle formed by arranging a water-absorbent short fiber bundle in the core and a short fiber bundle made of fibers other than the water-absorbing fibers in the sheath. Further, the outer periphery of the product is wound with a continuous filament having a relatively high fineness.
[0011]
The core portion located in the core-sheath short fiber bundle means that when the core-sheath short fiber bundle is cut transversely, the core short fiber bundle is not necessarily located only in the center portion. The short fiber bundles of the sheath part may be positioned so as to be offset from the edge of the short fiber bundles of the sheath part surrounding the sheath part. It means that the surface may be partially exposed from the object.
[0012]
Examples of the water-absorbing fibers used in the water-absorbing short fiber bundles arranged in the core of the present invention include cross-linked acrylate-based fibers and acrylic fibers as disclosed in JP-A-2001-40576. And a relatively fragile fiber such as a fiber obtained by hydrolyzing by post-processing as a base, and these water-absorbing fibers can also be used in combination.
[0013]
As the above-mentioned crosslinked acrylate fiber, acrylic fiber is used as a raw material as described in JP-A-11-81130 and JP-A-2000-314082, and the polymer is modified to make the molecule hydrophilic and highly crosslinked. In particular, high-absorbent fibers mainly composed of sodium acrylate are preferable from the viewpoint of high water absorption.
[0014]
Specific examples of such commercially available crosslinked acrylate fibers include Beloasis manufactured by Kanebo Co., Ltd., N38 and Dismel manufactured by Toyobo Yarn, and the like. In the case of Bel Oasis, it has the ability to absorb water about 80 times its own weight and moisture about 1.5 times its own weight.
[0015]
In addition, other cross-linked acrylate fibers, fibers obtained by hydrolysis by post-processing using acrylic fibers as a base, or other water-absorbing fibers to fibers that are mixed with these water-absorbing fibers. As short fibers composed of fibers other than those, synthetic fibers such as polyester and polyamide, semi-synthetic fibers, natural fibers, and the like may be partially included.
[0016]
In that case, as a mixture ratio of the short fiber which consists of fibers other than a water absorbing fiber and a water absorbing fiber, 100: 0-20: 80 is preferable.
[0017]
Next, the short fibers used in the bundle of short fibers in the sheath may be general short fibers other than the water-absorbing fibers, such as synthetic fibers such as polyester and polyamide, semi-synthetic fibers and natural fibers. Can be mentioned. The fiber cross-sectional shape and the like are not limited at all.
[0018]
As the weight ratio of the short fiber bundles of the core part and the sheath part, 95: 5 to 20:80 is necessary, and the weight ratio of the core part and the sheath part is 70:30 to 40:60 to improve the brittleness. It is particularly preferable for maintaining the water absorption performance, particularly the water absorption speed. In particular, when the weight ratio of the core-sheath part exceeds the core part 20: sheath part 80, cutting by the rubbing action at the time of passing through various guides is greatly improved. (Suction force) is greatly reduced. Conversely, when the weight ratio of the core-sheath part is lower than the core part 95: sheath part 5, it is difficult to improve the fragility of the composite yarn.
[0019]
Moreover, it is preferable that the core-sheath short fiber bundle is substantially untwisted in order to maintain water absorption performance, particularly water absorption speed.
[0020]
Examples of the continuous yarn used in the present invention include filament yarn, monofilament yarn, spun yarn and the like. In addition, it is not restrict | limited at all by those fiber cross-sectional shapes and an expansion-contraction characteristic.
Specific yarns of continuous filaments include those spun from synthetic fibers such as polyester and polyamide, semi-synthetic fibers and natural fibers, or filaments such as polyester, polyamide and urethane.
[0021]
As the thickness of the continuous filamentous material used in the present invention, it may be a commonly used thickness, but it is 1/200 to 1/2 the thickness of the core-sheath short fiber bundle. However, it is preferable for maintaining the strength of the core-sheath short fiber bundle without impairing the water absorption of the core-sheath short fiber bundle.
[0022]
As a twist number of the continuous filamentous material used in the present invention, 100 to 350 T (torque) / m is required. If it is less than 100 T / m, the binding force of the short fiber bundles existing inside the continuous thread is low and the water absorption is increased, but on the other hand, the cutting is likely to occur due to abrasion, and the water absorbent fibers fall off. It becomes easy. On the other hand, if it is 350 T / m or more, the short fiber bundles existing inside are restrained, and the absorbency that is the original characteristic is easily impaired.
[0023]
Examples of the method for producing the water-absorbent composite spun yarn of the present invention include the following methods. By a normal spinning method, a roving A of a bundle of water-absorbing short fibers as a core component and a roving B of a bundle of short fibers made of fibers other than the water-absorbing fibers as a sheath component are obtained. Further, the water-absorbent composite spun yarn using the roving yarns A and B of the short fiber bundle can be obtained specifically by the steps shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 or FIG.
[0024]
FIG. 1 shows a method for producing a core-sheath short fiber bundle (= core-sheath type two-layer roving) using a trumpet 2 and utilizing a convergence force. Using the roving yarns A and B of the short fiber bundle, as shown in FIG. 1, roving yarns B, A, and B components and a sandwich-like sliver row 1 are prepared, and the sliver row is rapidly converged on the trumpet 2. Thus, the roving B component of the short fiber bundle made of fibers other than the water-absorbing fibers cannot resist the trumpet convergence force, and rises to the core-sheath short fiber bundle (= core-sheath type 2 Layer rovings) are formed and then accommodated in the can 4 by the coiler 3. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the core-sheath type two-layer roving is drafted to a required thickness in a draft zone 5 and spirally wound around the end of the hollow spindle 6 by a continuous filament 7 to absorb the water absorbent composite spun yarn. Is formed.
[0025]
FIG. 3 shows a water-absorbent composite yarn produced by changing the amount of the two types of short fiber bundles / coarse yarns A and B, and wrapping one of the roving yarns in a twisted manner. It is a manufacturing method.
The short fibers made of fibers other than the water-absorbing fibers obtained by supplying the roving yarns A and B of the bundle of short fibers to the back roller 8 and passing through the apron roller 9 to the higher feed amount side of the tapered front roller 10. The roving yarn B of the fiber bundle and the roving yarn A of the water-absorbing short fiber bundle obtained by passing to the side where the feed amount is low are simultaneously spun, and the roving A of the water-absorbing short fiber is obtained. A core-sheath-type short fiber in a state in which the roving A of the water-absorbing short fiber bundle is wrapped in a twisted state by winding the roving B of the short fiber bundle made of fibers other than the water-absorbing fiber at the center. A bundle 11 is formed. Further, the core-sheath short fiber bundle is spirally wound around the end of the hollow spindle 6 by the continuous yarn 7 to obtain a water-absorbent composite spun yarn.
[0026]
As the use of the water-absorbent composite spun yarn of the present invention, it can be used for all woven and knitted fabrics that require water absorbency and hygroscopicity, for example, general clothing, underwear, mats, a water removal filter for water mixed in oil, It can be used for various filters such as a dehumidifying filter, a water shielding material for a communication cable or a water running prevention material, and a water retention material for agriculture.
[0027]
【Example】
The present invention will be specifically described with reference to the following comparative examples and examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
[0028]
Example 1
An example of the manufacturing method of the water absorptive composite spun yarn in this invention is shown. 1 and 2 show process schematic diagrams of Example 1. FIG.
A polyacrylate fiber (fineness 9d [denier]) obtained by directly spinning polyacrylic acid partial sodium salt as a core component and a polyester fiber (fineness 3d) are mixed at a ratio of 60:40. A roving yarn A having a water-absorbing short fiber bundle was obtained (a water-absorbing short fiber bundle A as a core component). Further, as a sheath component, 100% polyester short fiber (fineness 2d) was used as a short fiber bundle to obtain a roving B of a short fiber bundle B made of fibers other than water-absorbing fibers by a normal spinning method (the sheath component). Short fiber bundles B) made of fibers other than water-absorbing fibers.
[0029]
The raw fiber of each short fiber bundle, the short fiber bundle B made of fibers other than the water-absorbing fibers of the sheath component, and the water-absorbent short fiber bundle A of the core component are each roasted as shown in FIG. B, A, and B component are sandwiched, and the ratio of short fiber bundles B, A, and B is 20/60/20 (the ratio of the core sheath of the roving yarns A and B is 60/40). In this way, a sliver row 1 is produced, and the sliver row is drafted with a roller and rapidly converged on the trumpet 2 to thereby substantially untwisted core-sheath short fiber bundle (core-sheath type two-layer roving) Got.
Further, the core-sheath type two-layer roving was drafted into a draft zone 5 as shown in FIG. 2 to obtain a core-sheath type short fiber bundle 11 having a thickness of 4,500 d. The core-sheath short fiber bundle 11 was spirally wound around the end of the hollow spindle 6 with a continuous yarn 7 (polyester filament, thickness 250d) (twist number 180 T / m) to obtain a water-absorbing composite spun yarn.
[0030]
Example 2
In the same manner as in Example 1, roving yarn A (core component water-absorbing short fiber bundle A) and roving yarn B (short fiber bundle B made of fibers other than the sheath component water-absorbing fiber) were obtained.
Short fiber bundles B made of fibers other than the water-absorbent fibers of the roving yarn and sheath component and the water-absorbent short fiber bundles A of the core component are respectively supplied to the back roller 8 shown in FIG. 9 is sent to the tapered front roller 10. At this time, the short fiber bundle B composed of fibers other than the water-absorbing fibers after the apron draft is passed to the side with the higher delivery amount (the one with the larger roller diameter), and the water absorbent short fiber bundle A after the apron draft is The fine fiber was spun through the side with the lower delivery amount (lower roller diameter) and spun so that the core-sheath ratio of the short fiber bundles A and B was 60/40. After passing through the taper front roller 10, the short absorbent fiber bundle A consisting of fibers other than the water absorbent fiber of the sheath component is coated on the short absorbent fiber bundle A of the core component, and both short fiber bundles A and B are coated. Forms a substantially untwisted core-sheath short fiber bundle 11 (thickness 4,500d). Next, a continuous filament 7 (polyester filament, thickness 250d) is spirally wound around the core-sheath short fiber bundle at the tip of the hollow spindle 6 (twist number 180 T / m) to form a water-absorbing composite spun yarn. Obtained.
[0031]
Example 3
A water-absorbent composite spun yarn was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the core-sheath ratio of the short fiber bundles A and B was 90/10.
[0032]
Comparative Example 1
A water-absorbent composite spun yarn was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the ratio of the short fiber bundles A and B was 100/0.
[0033]
Comparative Example 2
A water-absorbent composite spun yarn was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the ratio of the short fiber bundles A and B was 10/90.
[0034]
Comparative Example 3
A water-absorbent composite spun yarn was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the number of twists of the wound fiber was 95 T / m.
[0035]
Comparative Example 4
A water-absorbent composite spun yarn was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the number of twists of the wound fiber was 380 T / m.
[0036]
Each measured value in Examples and Comparative Examples is a value obtained by measurement by the following method.
(1) A test piece having a water absorption magnification length of 50 cm is immersed in pure water in a beaker, and then the test piece is taken out and drained by hanging for 3 minutes. The mass of the water absorbent yarn after draining was defined as the weight after water absorption, and the water absorption magnification was calculated from the weight before and after water absorption. Table 1 shows the evaluation results when used as a water shielding material for communication cables. When the water absorption ratio is less than 20 times, the water shielding effect is insufficient, and damage due to water running may occur. In the case of 20 times or more, it is evaluated that the water absorption function is excellent.
[0037]
(2) A sample having a brittleness length of 100 m was forcibly wound up on a non-roller type metal fixing guide (metal bar) and wound up at a speed of 400 m / min. In addition, a suction device and a filter were provided at the tip of the metal fixing guide, and cotton falling was collected by the filter portion. From the following formula, the FRY rate (cotton loss rate) of each sample was calculated.
(Total weight of fallen cotton) / (Total weight of wound yarn) × 100 = FRY rate (%)
Table 1 shows the evaluation results when used as a water shielding material for communication cables. If the FRY rate exceeds 0.40%, dust scattering is likely to occur during the production of communication cables and workability is reduced. On the other hand, if it is 0.40% or less, it is evaluated that the vulnerability is improved.
[0038]
[Table 1]

[0039]
In Comparative Examples 1 and 3, fragility was recognized, and in Comparative Examples 2 and 4, water absorption performance was insufficient, while Examples 1 to 3 showed excellent effects on water absorption performance as well as fragility.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the strength is improved against shearing stress due to wear and twisting, the fragility is improved by minimizing dust scattering due to single yarn breakage and fluff breakage in the subsequent process, and the material Thus, a water-absorbing composite spun yarn having an extremely excellent water-absorbing function as much as possible is obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the first half process showing the production of a core-sheath short fiber bundle (core-sheath type two-layer roving) using the convergence force by the trumpet 2 in the method for producing a water-absorbing composite spun yarn. .
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the latter half of the process showing the production of the water-absorbent composite spun yarn using the hollow spindle 6 following the process of FIG.
[Fig. 3] A core-sheath short fiber bundle (with a taper front roller 10 is used to change the feed amount of two types of short fiber bundles and wrap the other coarse yarn in a twisted manner in one of the coarse yarns ( FIG. 2 is a process diagram for producing a water-absorbent composite spun yarn by producing a core-sheath type two-layer roving yarn).
[Explanation of symbols]
A: Absorbent short fiber bundle, roving A
B: Short fiber bundles / coarse yarn B made of fibers other than water-absorbing fibers
1: Sliver row 2: Trumpet 3: Coiler 4: Kens 5: Draft zone 6: Hollow spindle 7: Continuous filament 8: Back roller 9: Apron draft 10 (10a and 10b): Tapered front roller 11: Core sheath type short Fiber bundle 12: water absorbent composite spun yarn

Claims (1)

In the core portion is water-resistant staple fiber bundle was composed of short fiber bundle-like material sheath is made of a fiber other than the absorbent fibers, the weight ratio of the core portion and the sheath portion 95: 5-20: there at 80 A core-sheath short fiber bundle that is substantially untwisted, and its outer periphery is wound at 100 to 350 T / m, and the thickness thereof is the thickness of the core-sheath short fiber bundle. The core-sheath-type short fiber bundles other than the coarse yarn A of the water-absorbent short fiber bundles and the water-absorbing fibers. It is formed by forming a short fiber bundle-like roving B made of fibers into a sandwich-like sliver row of rovings B, A, B, and rapidly converging on a trumpet. Water-absorbing composite spun yarn.

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